JP2011220473A - Seismic isolation device and its installation method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To greatly reduce an adjustment work load at the installation of a friction damper, to easily adjust a pressure-welding force even after the installation, and to reliably generate a damping force as planned.SOLUTION: The friction damper 20 includes: a friction damping force generation unit 21 which is interposed in a gap between vertical directions, and has a friction face 22a and a slide-movement face which slidably moves while being pressure-welded to the friction face; a spring member 30 which is interposed in the gap between the vertical directions in series to the friction damping force generation unit, and generates an resilient force for generating the pressure-welding force at the friction damping force generation unit; a resilient force transmission member 40 which is interposed in the gap between the vertical directions in series to the friction damping force generation unit and the spring member, and vertically transmits the resilient force; and a compression deformation impartment member 50 which is used when setting the resilient force related to the pressure-welding force to the spring member, and can impart and release compression deformation in the vertical directions to the spring member. The resilient force transmission member has an elongation/contraction adjusting mechanism 46 which elongates and contracts the resilient force transmission member to the vertical directions.

Description

  The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device and an installation method thereof.

  Seismic isolation devices that support buildings, floors, large equipment, etc. are known. As shown in the schematic side sectional view of FIG. 9, the seismic isolation device has an isolator 7 such as laminated rubber and a friction damper 110. The isolator is interposed in a vertical gap δ between the upper structure 3 and the lower structure 1 and supports the upper structure 3 in a seismic isolation manner. The friction damper 110 is interposed in parallel with the isolator 7 in the vertical gap δ, and damps horizontal vibration between the upper structure 3 and the lower structure 1.

  As an example of such a friction damper 110, Patent Document 1 discloses (1) a friction damping force generation unit having a friction surface 121a and a sliding surface 125a that slides while being in pressure contact with the friction surface 121a. 120, and (2) a group of disc springs 130 that are interposed in series with the friction damping force generation unit 120 in the vertical gap δ and generate a resilient force that is used for the pressure contact force of the friction damping force generation unit 120, 130 (hereinafter also referred to as a disc spring group 130G) and (3) the friction damping force generator 120 and the disc spring group 130G are interposed in series in the vertical gap δ to transmit the elastic force in the vertical direction. An elastic force transmitting member 140 that performs, and (4) a compressive deformation imparting member 150 that is used when setting the elastic force of the disc spring group 130G, and that imparts an upward and downward compressive deformation to the disc spring group 130G. A configuration with To have.

  The friction damper 110 is installed in the vertical gap δ as follows. First, the disc spring group 130G is compressed and deformed by tightening the nut 155 of the compressive deformation imparting member 150 so that the magnitude of the compression elastic force becomes the design value of the pressure contact force. The friction damper 110 is interposed in the vertical gap δ. Then, the filler plates 190, 190... Are inserted and inserted into the gap S between the upper surface 110a of the friction damper 110 and the lower surface 3a of the upper structure 3 from the side to fill the gap S. 3 and the lower structure 1 are allowed to take the reaction force of the elastic force of the disc spring group 130G. Finally, by loosening the nut 155 of the compression deformation imparting member 150, the compression deformation of the disc spring group 130G by the compression deformation imparting member 150 is released, whereby the disc springs are removed from the upper structure 3 and the lower structure 1. While taking the reaction force of the elastic force of the group 130G, the elastic force is applied to the friction damping force generation unit 110 as the pressure force, and the design value pressure force is applied.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-238164

However, the above-described filler plates 190, 190... Must be inserted while adjusting the total thickness of the filler plates 190, 190. , 190 ... needing to combine several pieces, etc., was a cumbersome task.
If the thickness of the gap S is too large to be compensated by the filler plates 190, 190..., Further grout filling is performed after insertion of the filler plates 190, 190. It was necessary to assemble a formwork, which was more labor-intensive than inserting the filler plates 190, 190.

  On the other hand, as is clear from the above, in this type of friction damper 110, when the friction damper 110 is interposed in the vertical gap δ, the total height (the total length in the vertical direction) of the friction damper 110 is set to a predetermined planned value. Only when the disc spring group 130G is compressed and deformed by the above-mentioned design value to produce the desired elastic force, and as a result, the elastic force is used as a pressure contact force to produce a frictional force of the magnitude as planned. It can be generated as a damping force.

Therefore, when the vertical gap δ changes with time after the friction damper 110 is installed, the magnitude of the pressure contact force also changes, and as a result, the friction damper 110 does not exhibit the desired damping capability. In this case, therefore, it is necessary to readjust the filler plates 190, 190. That is, it is necessary to remove the friction damper 110 from the vertical gap δ and re-install the friction damper 110 while changing the amount of filler plates 190, 190... To be inserted by the change in the gap S (δ). .
However, the removal and re-installation work of the friction damper 110 is a considerably large work and cannot be easily performed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and its purpose is to greatly reduce the adjustment work load at the time of installing the friction damper, and to adjust the pressure contact force even after the installation. It is easy to implement and ensures that the damping force is as planned.

In order to achieve this object, the invention shown in claim 1
An isolator that is interposed in a vertical gap between the upper structure and the lower structure and that supports the upper structure in a seismic isolation manner;
And a friction damper that is interposed in parallel with the isolator in the vertical gap, and that damps horizontal vibration between the upper structure and the lower structure using a friction force as a damping force. A device,
The friction damper is
A friction damping force generator having a friction surface and a sliding surface that slides while being in pressure contact with the friction surface;
A spring member interposed in series with the friction damping force generation unit in the vertical gap, and generating a spring force to generate a pressure contact force in the friction damping force generation unit;
A resilient force transmission member that is interposed in series with the friction damping force generation unit and the spring member in the vertical gap, and that transmits the resilient force in the vertical direction;
A compression deformation imparting member that is used when setting the elastic force related to the pressure contact force with respect to the spring member, and capable of imparting and releasing compressive deformation in the vertical direction to the spring member;
The elastic force transmitting member has an expansion / contraction adjusting mechanism that expands and contracts the elastic force transmitting member in the vertical direction.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the elastic force transmitting member arranged in series with the spring member has the expansion / contraction adjusting mechanism that expands and contracts the elastic force transmitting member in the vertical direction.
Therefore, even when the size of the vertical gap is deviated from the planned value when the friction damper is installed, the length of the elastic force transmitting member in the vertical direction is appropriately determined according to the deviation from the planned value. This shift can be absorbed by adjusting the length. Then, after the expansion / contraction adjustment, if the compressive deformation previously applied to the spring member by the compressive deformation applying member is released, the elastic force previously applied to the spring member is thereby converted into a frictional damping force generation unit as a pressure contact force. Can be granted.

  That is, according to the above configuration, the elasticity of the design value previously applied to the spring member by the compression deformation applying member without inserting a filler plate or grout filling in the clearance to compensate for the gap in the vertical direction. Can be applied to the frictional damping force generation unit as a pressure contact force, and as a result, a frictional force having a magnitude as planned can be generated as the damping force.

  Further, even when the size of the gap in the vertical direction changes with time after the friction damper is installed, the change in the size of the gap can be accommodated by the expansion / contraction adjustment of the elastic force transmitting member by the expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism. That is, the amount of compressive deformation of the spring member can be returned to the initial state of installation of the friction damper by changing the vertical length of the elastic force transmitting member by the change. Therefore, even after the friction damper is installed, a friction force having a magnitude as planned can be reliably generated as a damping force.

The invention shown in claim 2 is the seismic isolation device according to claim 1,
The elastic force transmission member includes an upper plate, a lower plate disposed below the upper plate, and a connecting member that connects the upper plate and the lower plate,
The elastic force transmission member is adjusted in the vertical direction by changing the distance by the connecting member as the expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism.
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the elastic force transmitting member having the expansion / contraction adjusting mechanism is realized with a simple configuration of the upper plate, the lower plate, and the connecting member. Therefore, the installation cost of the seismic isolation device can be reduced.

The invention shown in claim 3 is the seismic isolation device according to claim 2,
The connecting member has a rod body whose axial direction faces in the vertical direction,
The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the rod body are fastened and fixed to the upper plate and the lower plate by a screwing structure,
The interval is changed by changing the length of the portion of the rod located between the upper plate and the lower plate.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the distance can be easily changed by changing the length of the portion of the rod located between the upper plate and the lower plate. Therefore, it is possible to easily and reliably set the damping force to the planned value while making the friction damper inexpensive.

Invention of Claim 4 is the seismic isolation apparatus of Claim 2, Comprising:
The connecting member includes an upper member that is integrally fixed to the lower surface of the upper plate, a lower member that is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the lower plate, and the upper member and the lower member that are perpendicular to each other. A high-strength bolt that is superposed and fastened in a friction-bonded state,
At least one of the bolt holes of the high-strength bolts formed in the upper member and the lower member is formed as a long hole that is long in the vertical direction.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the interval can be easily changed by the long holes formed as bolt holes in the upper member and the lower member. Therefore, it is possible to easily and reliably set the damping force to the planned value while making the friction damper inexpensive.

  Further, the upper member and the lower member are fixed by strong friction bonding using a high-strength bolt. Therefore, even when a high elastic force is set for the spring member, the cross-sectional performance of the upper member and the lower member is increased, and the number of high-strength bolts is increased, so that the elastic force can be endured without slipping. It can be transmitted reliably in the vertical direction. As a result, a large damping force can be set, that is, the adjustment range of the magnitude of the damping force can be expanded.

Invention of Claim 5 is the installation method of the seismic isolation apparatus in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 4, Comprising:
A compression deformation step of compressing and deforming the spring member to a compression deformation amount corresponding to the magnitude of the pressure contact force by the compression deformation applying member;
A placing step of placing the friction damper on the lower structure;
After the compression deformation step and the placing step, the elastic adjustment mechanism causes the elastic member until there is no gap between the upper surface of the friction damper placed on the lower structure and the lower surface of the upper structure. An extension step of extending the force transmission member upward;
A compression deformation releasing step of releasing the compression deformation of the spring member by the compression deformation applying member after the extending step.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the deviation from the planned value of the size of the vertical gap when the friction damper is installed is absorbed by the upward extension of the elastic force transmitting member. Therefore, it is not necessary to perform filler plate insertion or grout filling in order to compensate for the deviation of the vertical gap from the planned value, and as a result, the adjustment work load when installing the friction damper can be greatly reduced.

  According to the present invention, the adjustment work load at the time of installation of the friction damper can be greatly reduced, and the pressure contact force can be easily adjusted even after the installation, and the damping force can be reliably generated as planned. it can.

It is a side view of the seismic isolation apparatus 10 of 1st Embodiment. 2 is a schematic center longitudinal sectional view of a friction damper 20. FIG. 3 is a top view of the friction damper 20. FIG. It is the perspective view which looked at the friction damper 20 from diagonally downward. It is the same exploded perspective view. It is a side view of the friction damper 20a which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is the perspective view which looked at the friction damper 20a from diagonally downward. It is a general | schematic center longitudinal cross-sectional view of the friction damper 20b of other embodiment. It is a schematic sectional side view of the friction damper 110 which concerns on the conventional seismic isolation apparatus.

=== First Embodiment ===
<<< Seismic isolation device 10 >>>
FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5 is explanatory drawing of the seismic isolation apparatus 10 of 1st Embodiment. FIG. 1 is a side view of the seismic isolation device 10. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the friction damper 20, and FIG. 3 is a top view thereof. 4 is a perspective view of the friction damper 20 as viewed obliquely from below, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the same. In the drawings used in the following description, in order to prevent complication of the drawings, depending on the drawings, the cross-sectional line of the cross-sectional portion that should originally be indicated by the cross-sectional line may be omitted as appropriate, or the cross-sectional portion may be colored in gray. Or show.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the seismic isolation device 10 is interposed in a vertical gap δ between a building 3 (corresponding to an upper structure) and a foundation concrete 1 (corresponding to a lower structure) below the building 3. Yes. As a result, the building 3 is horizontally isolated from and protected from vibrations such as earthquakes.

  The seismic isolation device 10 includes an isolator 7 for isolating and supporting the building 3, and a friction damper 20 interposed in parallel with the isolator 7 in the vertical gap δ to attenuate horizontal vibration between the building 3 and the foundation concrete 1. It is equipped with.

  The isolator 7 is a laminated rubber, for example. The weight of the building 3 is supported while allowing horizontal relative displacement (relative movement) between the building 3 and the foundation concrete 1 by the shear elastic deformation in the horizontal direction of the laminated rubber. In addition, as this isolator, a rolling bearing, a sliding bearing, etc. are applicable besides the above-mentioned laminated rubber.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the friction damper 20 includes a friction damping force generation unit 21 that generates a frictional force that is provided as a damping force of horizontal vibration, and a resilient force that is provided as a pressure contact force that is a vertical drag of the frictional force. A disc spring group 30G serving as a spring member that generates a spring, and a resilient force transmitting member 40 that transmits the resilient force in the vertical direction and takes the reaction force of the resilient force from the upper building 3 in this order. The main thing is that they are arranged in series from bottom to top. In addition to this main body, a relative displacement transmission member 60 is provided in parallel with the disc spring group 30G, and the relative displacement transmission member 60 allows the relative displacement in the horizontal direction of the building 3 relative to the foundation concrete 1 to be a friction damping force. The friction damping force generation unit 21 is transmitted to the generation unit 21 and slides to generate the friction force.

The friction damping force generation unit 21 is disposed above the friction material 22, the friction material 22, the sliding material 24 having a sliding surface 24 a that slides while being pressed against the friction surface 22 a that is the lower surface of the friction material 22, and the lower surface. And a lower flange plate 26 having a circular shape in plan view to which the friction material 22 is fixed.
The sliding material 24 is fixed to the upper surface of the foundation concrete 1 of the building 3. On the other hand, the friction material 22 is superposed and bolted to the lower surface of the lower flange plate 26 disposed adjacently under the disc spring group 30G. In this state, the friction material 22 is attached to the sliding surface 24a which is the upper surface of the sliding material 24. It is placed. Therefore, when the friction material 22 and the sliding material 24 are relatively displaced (relative movement) in the horizontal direction, a frictional force is generated between the friction surface 22a and the sliding surface 24a.

  In this example, a stainless steel plate is used as the sliding material 24, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene is used as the friction material 22, but these materials are appropriately selected based on the magnitude of necessary frictional force and the like. Further, this frictional force changes in accordance with the pressure contact force, which is a normal force applied to the friction surface 22a of the friction material 22 and the slide surface 24a of the slide material 24, and this pressure contact force is an elastic force of the disc spring group 30G. Granted by force.

  The disc spring group 30G is a disc spring laminated body in which a plurality of disc springs 30, 30. Basically, when compressive deformation is performed, an elastic force having a magnitude corresponding to the amount of compressive deformation is applied to the friction damping force generation unit 21, and the elastic force is used as a pressing force to the friction damping force generation unit 21. Generates friction during sliding. However, the elastic force of the compressive deformation (hereinafter also referred to as compression restraint) applied by the compressive deformation applying member 50, which will be described later, is balanced with the axial force of the set bolt 51 of the compressive deformation applying member 50. Is not acted on the frictional damping force generation unit 21 until the compression constraint of the compression deformation imparting member 50 is released. This is related to the setting of the press-contact force of the design value in the friction damping force generation unit 21, and will be described later in the installation procedure of the friction damper 20.

  As shown in FIG. 2, through-holes 30h having the same shape are formed in a circular shape at the center of the plane of each of the disc springs 30, 30 ... constituting the disc spring laminate, and the through-holes 30h, 30h ... The circles are aligned with each other. Accordingly, the through holes 30h, 30h,... Are connected to each other vertically to form a hole 30Gh at the center of the flat surface of the disc spring group 30G, and the cylindrical shaft 60 forming the relative displacement transmission member 60 is vertically moved to the hole 30Gh. It is inserted like a skewer along the direction. The lower end portion of the cylindrical shaft 60 is bolted while being fitted in the fitting recess 26a on the upper surface of the lower flange plate 26 described above, and the upper end portion of the cylindrical shaft 60 is transmitted with an elastic force transmitted later. The upper flange plate 42 of the member 40 is passed through the through-hole 42h so that it can move in the vertical direction and cannot move in the horizontal direction. As will be described in detail later, the upper flange plate 42 is integrally fixed to the lower surface 3 a of the building 3. Therefore, the cylindrical shaft 60 transmits the relative displacement in the horizontal direction of the building 3 with respect to the foundation concrete 1 to the friction material 22 of the friction damping force generation unit 21 via the upper flange plate 42. As a result, the friction material 22 is relatively displaced with respect to the sliding material 24 fixed to the foundation concrete 1, and the friction damping force is based on the relative displacement and the elastic force of the above-described disc spring group 30G. The generation unit 21 generates a frictional force.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the elastic force transmitting member 40 includes an upper flange plate 42 (corresponding to an upper plate) in a plan view and a middle plan flange in a plan view. As a connecting member for connecting the flange plates 42 and 44 to each other while maintaining a constant gap G between the plate 44 (corresponding to the lower plate) and the flange plates 42 and 44, outer peripheral edges of the flange plates 42 and 44. , And a plurality of connecting bolts 46, 46... (Corresponding to rods) arranged at equal pitches.

  The upper flange plate 42 is fixed to the lower surface 3 a of the building 3 so as not to be relatively movable by an adhesive, a bolt, or the like. Further, the upper flange plate 42 has the above-described through hole 42h concentric with the center of the plane, and the upper end portion of the cylindrical shaft 60 can be relatively moved in the vertical direction as described above. And it is engaged so that relative movement in the horizontal direction is impossible.

  On the other hand, the intermediate flange plate 44 also has a through hole 44h concentric with the through hole 42h, and the cylindrical shaft 60 is passed through the through hole 44h in a substantially non-contact manner with an appropriate clearance. The upper end of the aforementioned disc spring group 30G abuts on the lower surface 44a of the intermediate flange plate 44, and the disc spring group 30G is compressed and deformed by being sandwiched between the intermediate flange plate 44 and the lower flange plate 26 below the intermediate flange plate 44. Accordingly, the disc spring group 30G generates an elastic force, and the elastic force becomes the pressure contact force of the friction damping force generation unit 21 described above.

  By the way, the connection bolt 46 also functions as an expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism that adjusts the length L in the vertical direction of the elastic force transmitting member 40 by cooperating with nuts 48a and 48b that are screwed into the connection bolt 46. That is, the distance L between the upper surface 42a of the upper flange plate 42 and the lower surface 44a of the intermediate flange plate 44 can be changed.

  More specifically, the male screw 46a at the upper end of the connecting bolt 46 is screwed into a female screw 42m that is vertically formed through the upper flange plate 42, and is further fixed by a lock nut 47 so as not to be screwed into rotation. The lower end portion of the connecting bolt 46 is passed through a bolt hole 44Bh formed through the intermediate flange plate 44 in the vertical direction with an appropriate clearance. A pair of nuts 48a and 48b are screwed into the male screw 46b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the lower end portion of the connecting bolt 46 so as to sandwich the intermediate flange plate 44 from above and below. Therefore, the intermediate flange plate 44 can be moved in the vertical direction relative to the upper flange plate 42 by moving the screwing position of the pair of nuts 48a and 48b up and down. The length L in the vertical direction of the elastic force transmitting member 40 having the main bodies 42 and 44 can be changed. Such a function is used when the friction damper 20 is installed in the vertical gap δ, and is also used for readjustment of the magnitude of the elastic force after installation. This will be described later.

  The compression deformation imparting member 50 is a member that imparts compression deformation to the disc spring group 30G so as to be released. Basically, like the above-described expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism, it is used when the friction damper 20 is installed in the vertical gap δ or when the magnitude of the resilience after the installation is readjusted. In the operating state of the friction damper 20 (a state in which a horizontal vibration damping effect is exerted), the friction damper 20 basically does not function.

  That is, as will be described in detail in “Installation Procedure of Friction Damper 20”, which will be described later, the compression deformation imparting member 50 is set in advance when the pressure contact force of the friction damper 20 is set to a design value. Is used for the work of compressing and deforming the disc spring group 30G to the amount of compressive deformation corresponding to. And the compression deformation | transformation provision member 50 of this objective is comprised as the set bolt 51 and the nut 52a which connect the intermediate | middle flange board 44 and the lower flange board 26 here.

  Specifically, the lower end portion of the set bolt 51 is screwed onto a female screw 26m formed through the lower flange plate 26, and is further fixed to be non-rotatable by a lock nut 54, while the upper end portion of the set bolt 51 is fixed. Is passed through a bolt hole 44Bh2 formed through the intermediate flange plate 44 with an appropriate clearance. A nut 52 a is screwed onto the male screw 51 a formed on the outer peripheral surface of the upper end portion of the set bolt 51 above the position of the intermediate flange plate 44. Therefore, by moving the screwing position of the nut 52a downward, compressive deformation can be imparted to the disc spring group 30G by using the axial force of the tension of the set bolt 51 as a reaction force. The compression deformation can be released.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of such set bolts 51 are arranged at an equal pitch along the outer peripheral edges of these flange plates 26 and 44, and are thereby compressed evenly over the entire surface of the disc spring group 30G. Deformation can be imparted. Further, since the above-described connecting bolt 46 is also provided on the intermediate flange plate 44, the set bolt 51 is arranged in the circumferential direction of the intermediate flange plate 44 in order to avoid interference with the connecting bolt 46 in the planar arrangement. Are alternately arranged with the connecting bolts 46. Incidentally, in the example of FIG. 3, the set bolt 51 and the connecting bolt 46 are arranged on the same circumference on the intermediate flange plate 44, but the present invention is not limited to this.

<<< Installation Procedure of Friction Damper 20 >>>
Here, the installation procedure of the friction damper 20 in the vertical gap δ between the building 3 and the foundation concrete 1 will be described. In the following description, for the sake of explanation, the configuration in which the sliding material 24 is removed from the friction damper 20 is also referred to as the friction damper 20, and the configuration in which the sliding material 24 is removed from the friction damping force generation unit 21 is also used. The friction damping force generation unit 21 is referred to.

First, as shown in FIG. 2, the sliding material 24 is placed and fixed on the upper surface of the foundation concrete 1 (first step).
Next, in an appropriate work place, the upper surface 42a of the upper flange plate 42 is pressurized using a jack or the like, so that the intermediate flange plate 44 is moved downward via the connecting bolt 46 to compress and deform the disc spring group 30G. Thus, the disc spring group 30G is brought into a state in which a resilient force corresponding to the design value of the pressing force is generated. In this state, the nut 52a of the compression deformation imparting member 50 of the friction damper 20 is tightened.
(Second step, equivalent to compression deformation process).
If it does so, an adhesive will be apply | coated to the lower surface 3a of the building 3 with which the upper surface 42a of the upper flange board 42 of the friction damper 20 should contact | abut. As the adhesive, high fluidity mortar, high fluidity cement or the like is used (third step).

Next, the friction damper 20 is interposed in the vertical gap δ between the building 3 and the foundation concrete 1. That is, the friction damper 20 is placed on the upper surface 24a of the sliding member 24 already fixed on the foundation concrete 1 (corresponding to the fourth step, placement step).
Then, a pair of upper and lower nuts 48a, 48b of the expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism of the elastic force transmitting member 40 are screwed and rotated to move the nuts 48a, 48b downward. As a result, the upper flange plate 42 moves upward relative to the intermediate flange plate 44 of the elastic force transmitting member 40, that is, the elastic force transmitting member 40 is extended upward. Then, this extension work is performed by the clearance between the upper surface 20 u of the friction damper 20 placed on the foundation concrete 1, that is, the upper surface 42 a of the upper flange plate 42 of the elastic force transmitting member 40 and the lower surface 3 a of the building 3. Continue until there is no more (fifth step, corresponding to the extension step).

And if the said clearance gap disappears and it contacts the lower surface 3a of the building 3, the upper flange board 42 of the elastic force transmission member 40 is bolted to the lower surface 3a of the building 3, and it waits until the above-mentioned adhesive material solidifies. (Sixth step).
When the adhesive is solidified, the nut 52a of the compression deformation imparting member 50 is loosened and moved upward, thereby releasing the compression restraint of the disc spring group 30G by the compression deformation imparting member 50. That is, the nut 52a is loosened until the axial force of the set bolt 51 of the compression deformation imparting member 50 is completely released.

Then, the action target of the elastic force of the disc spring group 30G is moved from the set bolt 51 to the elastic force transmission member 40, that is, the disc spring group 30G presses the elastic force transmission member 40 upward. Then, the reaction force is obtained from the building 3, and finally, the elastic force of the disc spring group 30 </ b> G is applied to the friction surface 22 a and the sliding surface 24 a of the friction damping force generation unit 21 as a pressing force. Here, at this time, the application target of the elastic force is merely switched from the set bolt 51 to the friction damping force generation unit 21, and the magnitude of the elastic force is substantially the same as the design value set in the second step. It is maintained at the same value. Therefore, the friction damping force generation unit 21 is provided with a pressing force having a substantially designed value, so that a frictional force having a magnitude as planned required for damping the horizontal vibration is generated between the friction surface 22a and the sliding surface 24a. (Seventh step, corresponding to the compression deformation releasing step).
The loosened nut 52a may be attached to the upper end of the set bolt 51, or may be removed from the set bolt 51 and stored separately.

  As is apparent from the above description, according to the configuration of the friction damper 20 according to the first embodiment, even when the dimension of the vertical gap δ is deviated from the intended planned value. The deviation from the planned value can be absorbed by the upward / downward adjustment of the elastic force transmission member 40 by the expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism. Therefore, it is not necessary to make an adjustment by inserting a filler plate or placing a grout. As a result, the adjustment work load can be greatly reduced.

  Here, desirably, the set value of the amount of compressive deformation described above is within a non-linear region in the load-deflection relationship of the disc spring 30, that is, the elastic force with respect to fluctuations in the amount of deflection (compression deformation amount) of the disc spring 30. It is preferable to set in a region where the fluctuation is small. If the set value of the amount of compressive deformation falls within this non-linear region, the above-mentioned vertical gap δ changes due to a change over time such as a creep phenomenon of the isolator 7 and expansion / contraction due to temperature fluctuations. However, the elastic force fluctuation of the disc spring group 30G can be kept small, and as a result, the frictional force between the friction surface 22a and the sliding surface 24a can be maintained substantially constant. Thereby, the friction damper 20 can exhibit a stable vibration damping action.

  However, as will be described in detail later, according to the configuration of the first embodiment, the elastic force after installation of the friction damper 20 can be easily adjusted, so that the vertical gap δ after installation changes over time. Can be easily readjusted. Therefore, it is not always necessary to use the nonlinear region. That is, in some cases, a linear spring such as a coil spring may be applied instead of the disc spring 30.

  Further, in the description of the installation procedure of the friction damper 20 described above, the case where the friction damper 20 is inserted into the vertical gap δ between the lower surface 3a of the already constructed building 3 and the foundation concrete 1 is described as an example. The installation procedure of the friction damper 20 is not limited to this.

  For example, first, the foundation concrete 1 is constructed, then the first step and the second step are performed, then the lower surface 3a of the building 3 is constructed, and then the third step to the seventh step are performed. good.

<<< Adjustment procedure of pressure contact force after installation of friction damper 20 >>>
By the way, when the size of the vertical gap δ changes with time after the friction damper 20 is installed, the pressing force may change. In this case, too, the expansion / contraction adjustment of the elastic force transmitting member 40 by the expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism. Therefore, it is possible to cope with a change in the size of the gap δ. That is, the amount of compressive deformation of the disc spring group 30G can be returned to the initial state of installation of the friction damper 20 by changing the length L in the vertical direction of the elastic force transmitting member 40 by the amount corresponding to the change. As a result, the pressure contact force can be quickly returned to the design value, and as a result, a frictional force having a magnitude as planned can be generated as a damping force.

  Here, the procedure for adjusting the pressure contact force will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Here, an example will be described in which the vertical gap δ has expanded compared to when the friction damper 20 is installed. In this case, since the elastic force of the disc spring group 30G is weakened by the extent that the gap δ is widened, the design value is restored by increasing the elastic force.

  First, the nut 48 b is moved downward by the adjustment amount of the elastic force transmission member 40. Next, a jack (not shown) is interposed in the gap G between the upper flange plate 42 and the intermediate flange plate 44. Then, the jack is extended in the vertical direction until the intermediate flange plate 44 is pressed against the nut 48b.

  Next, as the intermediate flange plate 44 is moved downward, the nut 48a of the connecting bolt 46 is screwed and rotated to move downward so that the nut 48a is pressed against the intermediate flange plate 44 from above. The elastic force of the disc spring group 30G can be received by the axial force of the connecting bolt 46.

  Then, the jack is shortened and removed from the friction damper 20. Then, the elastic force of the disc spring group 30G acting on the jack acts on the elastic force transmitting member 40 to press the elastic force transmitting member 40 upward, and the reaction force is applied from the building 3. In the end, the elastic force of the disc spring group 30G is applied to the friction surface 22a and the sliding surface 24a of the friction damping force generator 21 as a pressure contact force. Thus, the adjustment for returning the pressure contact force of the friction damper 20 to the design value is completed.

  In the above description, the adjustment for returning the pressure contact force deviated from the design value to the design value is illustrated, but the purpose of the adjustment is not limited to this. For example, if the actual coefficient of friction is different from the expected value, the expected damping effect cannot be expected even if the pressure contact force is set as designed, but this case can also be handled by the same procedure as described above. Is possible. That is, the desired damping force can be obtained by setting the pressure contact force to be shifted from the design value by the difference between the assumed value of the friction coefficient and the actual value.

=== Second Embodiment ===
FIG. 6 is a side view of the friction damper 20a according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the friction damper 20a as viewed obliquely from below.
The difference from the first embodiment described above is the configuration of the connecting member 46 (70) of the elastic force transmitting member 40 (40a). Other points are generally the same as in the first embodiment described above. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

As shown in FIG. 6, the elastic force transmission member 40 a of the second embodiment also has an upper flange plate 42 and an intermediate flange plate 44. The flange plates 42 and 44 are connected to each other by a connecting member 70 with a gap G between them.
Here, like the first embodiment, the connecting member 70 according to the second embodiment also functions as an expansion / contraction adjustment mechanism that expands and contracts the elastic force transmitting member 40a in the vertical direction.

  That is, the connecting member 70 includes an upper member 71 that is integrally fixed to the lower surface of the upper flange plate 42 by welding or the like, a lower member 72 that is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the intermediate flange plate 44 by welding or the like, A high-strength bolt 73a and a nut 73b that superpose and fix the member 71 and the lower member 72 on each other in the frictional joining state by overlapping each other on the vertical surfaces 71a and 72a (surface contact) are provided. And the bolt hole (not shown) of the high strength bolt 73a formed in the upper member 71 and the lower member 72 is formed in the long hole at least one long in the up-down direction. Therefore, after the upper member 71 is slid upward or downward relative to the lower member 72 on the vertical surfaces 71a, 72a, it is fastened in a frictionally joined state in which relative movement is impossible by the high strength bolt 73a and nut 73b. If fixed, the vertical length L of the elastic force transmitting member 40a, which is the distance L between the upper surface 42a of the upper flange plate 42 and the lower surface 44a of the intermediate flange plate 44, can be changed. Therefore, as in the first embodiment described above, the adjustment work load when installing the friction damper 20a can be significantly reduced.

  Further, in the case of the second embodiment, the cross-sectional performance of the vertical surfaces 71a and 72a to be slide-adjusted is increased, and a strong friction joining state is achieved by fastening the high strength bolt 73a. Therefore, as compared with the first embodiment described above, the resilient force transmission member 40a can withstand without being shortened even under the action of a large vertical compressive load, and accordingly, the planned value of the frictional force is large. It is suitable for.

=== Other Embodiments ===
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to this embodiment, The deformation | transformation as shown below is possible in the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  In the above-described embodiment, the elastic force transmission member 40, the disc spring group 30G, and the friction damping force generation unit 21 that are components arranged in series in the vertical gap δ among the components of the friction damper 20 are as follows. Although a configuration in which the components are arranged in series from top to bottom in this order is illustrated (see the schematic center longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 2), the arrangement order is not limited to this. For example, the friction damper 20 in the state of FIG. 2 may be turned upside down and interposed in the vertical gap δ. That is, as shown in the schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the friction damper 20b in FIG. 8, the friction damping force generation unit 21, the disc spring group 30G, and the elastic force transmission member 40 are arranged in series from top to bottom. You may do it.

  In the above-described embodiment, the seismic isolation device 10 is interposed in the vertical gap δ between the building 3 and the foundation concrete 1, but is not limited to this. For example, when the building 3 is composed of multiple floors, the seismic isolation device 10 is interposed in the vertical gap between the N + 1 floor housing as the upper structure and the N floor housing as the lower structure. Also good. Further, the upper structure may be applied to a floor on which a semiconductor manufacturing facility or the like, which is a vibration isolator, is installed, or a large apparatus.

1 foundation concrete (lower structure), 3 building (upper structure), 3a lower surface,
7 Isolator,
10 Seismic isolation device, 20 friction damper, 20a friction damper,
20b friction damper, 20u top surface,
21 friction damping force generation unit, 22 friction material, 22a friction surface,
24 sliding material, 24a sliding surface,
26 Lower flange plate, 26a Fitting recess,
30 disc spring (spring member), 30h through hole,
30G disc spring group (spring member), 30Gh hole,
40 elastic force transmitting member, 40a elastic force transmitting member,
42 upper flange plate (upper plate), 42a upper surface, 42h through hole,
44 Intermediate flange plate (lower plate),
44Bh bolt hole, 44Bh2 bolt hole,
44a bottom surface, 44h through-hole,
46 connection bolt (connection member), 47 lock nut,
48a nut, 48b nut,
50 compression deformation imparting member, 51 set bolt, 52a nut,
54 Lock nut,
60 cylindrical shaft (relative displacement transmission member),
70 connecting member, 71 upper member, 71a vertical surface, 72 lower member,
72a vertical surface, 73a high strength bolt, 73b nut,
δ Vertical gap

Claims (5)

An isolator that is interposed in a vertical gap between the upper structure and the lower structure and that supports the upper structure in a seismic isolation manner;
And a friction damper that is interposed in parallel with the isolator in the vertical gap, and that damps horizontal vibration between the upper structure and the lower structure using a friction force as a damping force. A device,
The friction damper is
A friction damping force generator having a friction surface and a sliding surface that slides while being in pressure contact with the friction surface;
A spring member interposed in series with the friction damping force generation unit in the vertical gap, and generating a spring force to generate a pressure contact force in the friction damping force generation unit;
A resilient force transmission member that is interposed in series with the friction damping force generation unit and the spring member in the vertical gap, and that transmits the resilient force in the vertical direction;
A compression deformation imparting member that is used when setting the elastic force related to the pressure contact force with respect to the spring member, and capable of imparting and releasing compressive deformation in the vertical direction to the spring member;
The seismic isolation device, wherein the elastic force transmitting member has an expansion / contraction adjusting mechanism that expands and contracts the elastic force transmitting member in the vertical direction. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1,
The elastic force transmission member includes an upper plate, a lower plate disposed below the upper plate, and a connecting member that connects the upper plate and the lower plate,
The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the elastic force transmitting member is vertically expanded and contracted by changing the distance by the connecting member as the expansion and contraction adjusting mechanism. The seismic isolation device according to claim 2,
The connecting member has a rod body whose axial direction faces in the vertical direction,
The upper end portion and the lower end portion of the rod body are fastened and fixed to the upper plate and the lower plate by a screwing structure,
The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the distance is changed by changing a length of a portion of the bar located between the upper plate and the lower plate. The seismic isolation device according to claim 2,
The connecting member includes an upper member that is integrally fixed to the lower surface of the upper plate, a lower member that is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the lower plate, and the upper member and the lower member that are perpendicular to each other. A high-strength bolt that is superposed and fastened in a friction-bonded state,
At least one of the bolt holes of the high-strength bolts formed in the upper member and the lower member is formed as a long hole that is long in the vertical direction. A method for installing the seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A compression deformation step of compressing and deforming the spring member to a compression deformation amount corresponding to the magnitude of the pressure contact force by the compression deformation applying member;
A placing step of placing the friction damper on the lower structure;
After the compression deformation step and the placing step, the elastic adjustment mechanism causes the elastic member until there is no gap between the upper surface of the friction damper placed on the lower structure and the lower surface of the upper structure. An extension step of extending the force transmission member upward;
A method of installing a seismic isolation device, comprising: a compressive deformation releasing step of releasing the compressive deformation of the spring member by the compressive deformation applying member after the extending step.