JP2011099627A - Thin lightweight solar light collector easy in planar expansion - Google Patents

Abstract

To increase the scale of a solar concentrator, the stress and bending moment of each member are reduced. Even if the solar concentrator is configured with a small basic model, when the scale is increased, the strength of the constituent members tends to be hindered.
The solution is to disperse the weight load applied to each component by providing a plurality of support points for supporting the weight load of the reflector near the center line of the reflector row. In order to support the reflecting plate 1 which is a main component, it is optimal to support the reflecting plate 1 at the center point. Further, as the number of supporting points increases, the weight of the entire solar collector is dispersed, so that the weight load does not increase even when the scale is increased.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar concentrator, and more particularly to a solar concentrator of a type that collects light at a condensing point by controlling the tracking of a number of reflectors in the sun. Usage forms are solar thermal power generation, solar power generation, hot water supply device, cooking device, lighting device, and the like.

  Conventionally, various applications have been filed for solar concentrators that condense a single focal point by interlocking a plurality of reflectors.

JP-A-51-27347 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-22016 JP 2004-191025 A JP-A 61-27517 JP 2003-329963 A However, Patent Document 1 has a configuration in which only direction tracking or only elevation angle tracking can be performed. Patent Document 2 has a configuration in which only angle tracking is possible and elevation angle tracking is not possible. Then, when the solar orbit changed according to the season, the condensing position also changed. There was a problem that the endothermic body had to be linear.

Patent Document 3 has a configuration in which direction tracking is performed but it is unknown whether only the initial setting or elevation tracking is performed for the elevation angle. In any case, since it is configured to move the base of the area where the reflector is installed, it is very difficult to increase the scale. To increase the scale, it is necessary to build a huge structure in the space, and it takes a lot of energy to move the devices by constructing with consideration of wind resistance.
Patent Documents 4 to 6 perform direction tracking and elevation angle tracking and have a thin configuration, but each has a problem in expanding.
Since patent document 4 is the structure suspended like a blind, the transparent cover of a windshield is required and a burden is large to expand. As the sail of a sailing ship gets a large wind force, a large area of transparent cover is also under great pressure. Building a structure that can withstand it is a major burden, and it is quite difficult to increase the scale.

Although Patent Document 5 seems to be easily expanded in a plane, it is a configuration that is difficult to expand in reality. It is necessary to apply tension so that the wire does not sag and the reflector does not touch the ground. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a considerable tension in order to increase and expand the reflector. A heavy and heavy wire has to be used to withstand high tension, and the dead weight causes a deflection. In addition, a high bending moment load is applied to the fulcrum by making the wire high tension. If the number of units is increased, the burden on the fulcrum lines will increase, and the foundation may be destroyed. If sagging is allowed, the fulcrum needs to be raised, and the bending moment on the base of the fulcrum increases if it does not decrease much. If the fulcrum is further increased, the wind resistance increases and the load increases.
Although Patent Document 6 also seems to be easily expanded in a plane, it is a configuration that is practically difficult to implement even with a small area. It is difficult to maintain both accuracy and durability when many members are constructed with point contacts and power is transmitted with yarns. If the scale is increased, a slight elongation of the yarn and a slight deviation of the member contact will have a serious adverse effect. In addition, in order to move the common link in a large scale, the load on the driving device is large.

  The subject of this invention is reduction of the stress and bending moment of each member which comprise a solar concentrator. The field of solar concentrators is a field that needs to be scaled up. Even in a configuration composed of a small basic model, when the scale is increased, the strength of the component tends to be hindered. If the stress or bending moment of each component is small, it will lead to an increase in scale. Patent Documents 4 to 6 are examples in which trouble occurs. In those cases, when the reflectors were expanded to 50 and 100 and the units were expanded to 50 and 100, the problem became obvious as described in the previous section, and the large scale was prevented.

In order to solve the problem to be solved, the solution means is to disperse the weight load applied to each constituent member by providing a plurality of support points supporting the weight load of the reflector near the center line of the reflector row. To support the reflector, which is the main component, it is optimal to support it at the center point of the reflector. Further, as the number of supporting points increases, the weight of the entire solar collector is dispersed, so that the weight load does not increase even when the scale is increased. However, the support point is not strictly limited to the center of the reflecting plate, and may be within the range near the center point according to the design conditions. The design condition is for simplification of manufacturing, or for saving labor in operation by using the center of gravity of the unit rotating portion.
Specific solutions will be described step by step. A number of reflectors are arranged on the assumed north-south line connecting the south and the north, with the center of the reflector aligned, the north-south poles are positioned outside the reflector rows, and the east-west poles connecting the two north-south bars are reflected on the reflectors. The north-south bar and the east-west bar are integrated with each other to form a ladder-shaped seesaw ladder member, and the north-south bearing mechanism rotates on the assumed north-south line at the center of some of the east-west bars. A strut supporting the north-south bearing mechanism is connected to each of the interspersed north-south bearing mechanisms, and a rotation angle operation wheel that rotates on the assumed north-south line is provided at an arbitrary position of the seesaw ladder member. The seesaw ladder member is supported by scattered struts, and can swing east and west like a seesaw according to the rotation of the rotation angle operation wheel.

  All the reflectors are connected to the seesaw ladder member through an east-west bearing mechanism that passes through the vicinity of the center point of the reflector plate and rotates in the east-west axis. Elevation angle cranks are connected via bearings that rotate on the same axis, and these elevation angle cranks are of equal length. All elevation angle cranks are connected to each other by a crank interlocking rod, and a reflector is held at this elevation angle crank at an initial elevation angle. One end of the initial setting crank adjusted to the length to be connected is connected, and the other end of the initial setting crank is connected to the reflector. The initial elevation angle of the reflector is determined according to the length of the initial setting crank. Further, if the angle of the elevation angle crank is changed by pushing and pulling the crank interlocking rod, the elevation angles of all the reflectors are changed by the same amount.

  An independent north-south axis is positioned at an adjacent position on the extension line of the assumed north-south line of this seesaw ladder member, and adjacent struts supporting the adjacent north-south axis are connected to both ends of this adjacent north-south axis, and an operation bearing is connected to this adjacent north-south axis The operated bearing and the operated bearing are slidable along the adjacent north-south axis, and are engaged so as not to be separated from each other while eliminating the difference in rotational angle between the two axes. The driven bearing and the end of the crank interlocking rod are connected via a bearing with a diameter difference eliminating crank. When the seesaw ladder member is operated to rotate, the crank interlocking rod also rotates, so that it is difficult to operate the crank interlocking rod as it is. Therefore, the crank interlocking rod is connected to the diameter difference eliminating crank, the operated bearing, and the operating bearing to enable control of the crank interlocking rod.

The above configuration is set as one unit unit, and the direction of this unit is set so that the axis of the north-south bearing mechanism is aligned with the longitude plane. One or more of these units are arranged in the east-west direction. Is connected to the rotation angle control drive means, the operation bearings of all units are connected to the elevation angle control drive means, and the light condensing point coordinates are provided with light heat utilization means to constitute a solar concentrator. This is a solution.
The elevation angle in the narrow sense is an angle looking up on the basis of the horizon, but the elevation angle here means a relative elevation angle with respect to the north-south axis.
Here, the reflecting plate includes a plane mirror, a curved concave mirror, a spherical concave mirror, and a parabolic concave mirror.
Here, some east-west bars among the east-west bars mean that they may be thinned out if there is no problem in strength, and all east-west bars may be provided with support columns.
The term “bearing” as used herein includes not only a bearing that engages with a cylindrical shaft, but also includes a concave body that meshes with a hemisphere like a hip joint, and a fulcrum such as a fulcrum of a compass magnet needle. Although the present invention uses a lot of bearings, the bearings are not more than one rotation but 90 degrees or less. Therefore, the bearing simulated body as described above is also applicable. However, engineering plastic bearings that are small, light and maintenance-free are desirable.

Here, the reason why the north-south bearing mechanism and the east-west bearing mechanism are described as bearing mechanisms is that either the fixed side or the movable side may be a shaft and either may be a bearing.
The rotation angle operation wheel referred to here is a torque transmission member such as a chain gear, a gear gear, or a belt wheel. Although it is generally circular, the angle range for actual operation is limited, and therefore the fan-shaped wheel formed only in the angle range for actual operation is also included in the wheel of the present invention.
The initial setting crank adjusted to the length that holds the reflector plate at the initial setting elevation angle will be described in detail. The reflector and the elevation crank that are connected via the east-west bearing rotate freely. Here, if one point of the reflector and one point of the elevation crank are connected by a crank having a specific length, the angle formed by the reflector and the elevation crank is determined. There are various methods for controlling the elevation angle of the reflector, but in any case, the elevation angle of each reflector needs to be initially set. Incidentally, in the solar concentrator of the present invention, it is assumed that the elevation angle at which the sunlight at the midday and midday equinox of the spring equinox is reflected to the condensing point is the initial elevation angle. If the solar concentrator is not horizontally installed, the initial elevation angle is determined in consideration of the installation surface inclination. Since the position is determined by the positional relationship between the reflector and the condensing point, the initial elevation angle of each reflector is different. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the length of the initial setting crank so as to be the initial setting elevation angle of each reflector.

A solar concentrator has many elements that can be changed by design, such as size, number of units, and condensing point coordinates. In addition, the installation surface tilt, latitude, and longitude are closely related, which is a complicated explanation. If the above conditions are determined at the time of manufacturing the solar concentrator, it is only necessary that the initial setting crank be molded to a length determined for each. However, if the above conditions are undecided at the time of manufacture, it is necessary that the length of the initial setting crank can be adjusted at least once. Further, if the installation location and the condensing point can be changed, the initial setting crank is required to be adjustable again.
For example, a specific example of a crank that can be adjusted only once is a configuration in which pipes are fitted together like a telescopic rod antenna, and the pipes are welded together during initial setting. As a specific example that can be readjusted, a fixing screw may be provided on the side surface of a pipe that fits like a pole of a stand microphone. Alternatively, a combination of an arc-shaped bolt hole and a bolt may be used like a fixed-angle compass.

A detailed description of the operation bearing and the driven bearing will be given. The fact that the bearing is slidable along the axis means that the abacus ball can move in the same manner as when the abacus ball slides along the abacus axis. Engaging so as not to be separated from each other while eliminating the difference in rotational angle between the two shafts means that when the operating bearing is slid, the operated bearing is also slid without being separated. Specifically, a radial bearing, a thrust bearing, and a radial bearing are connected. As another example, a configuration in which operated bearings are provided before and after the operating bearings and the operated bearings are connected to each other by a mat member can be considered. On the contrary, a configuration in which the operation bearing holds the front and back of the operation bearing is also conceivable.
A supplementary explanation of the diameter difference eliminating crank will be given. To operate the reflector elevation angle of the unit, it is necessary to move the crank interlocking rod. However, the unit tracks the solar orbit and rotates on the north-south axis, so it cannot be connected to the outside as it is. Therefore, if the crank mechanism for moving the crank interlocking rod is connected to the operation bearing of the adjacent north-south axis, even if the unit is rotated, the operation bearing is neither moved nor rotated and can be operated. If the operation bearing is slid along the adjacent north-south axis, the operated bearing will also slide, the diameter difference canceling crank, the crank interlocking rod, the elevation crank and the initial setting crank will also move, and the elevation angle of the reflector can be manipulated. is there. When these operations are performed, the radial distance to the crank interlocking rod with respect to the adjacent north-south axis changes. In order to eliminate the adverse effects, a diameter difference eliminating crank is interposed.

Constructing one or more units here and arranging them in the east-west direction means adding units to the east or west side. It also means that it includes a single unit configuration. This is because only one unit can be configured depending on the purpose and design conditions, and the operation effect can be sufficiently exhibited as a condenser.
The assumed north-south line here is an expression of a reference line for facilitating understanding of the configuration of the present invention, and there is an assumed north-south line for each unit. The north-south bearing mechanism, rotation angle operation wheel and adjacent north-south axis of the same unit are located on the assumed north-south line.
We will explain that the unit is oriented so that the axis of the north-south bearing mechanism matches the longitude plane. The direction of the north-south bearing mechanism may be a linear direction within a vertical plane in the north-south direction.
Horizontal north-south direction, south-sloped direction, north-sloped direction, or vertical line.

A supplementary explanation will be given regarding the installation position of the east-west bearing mechanism. The position where the east-west bearing mechanism is provided is not near the center point of the reflector. The center line of the bearing only passes through the vicinity of the central point of the reflector, and the installation position is a position that is reasonably far from east and west from the central point of the reflector. The installation position of the east-west bearing mechanism can be considered to be a configuration that doubles as a east-west rod or a configuration that does not double as a east-west rod. The configuration in which the east-west rod also serves as the east-west axis is a configuration in which the east-west axis extension line and the north-south axis center overlap each other on the support column, so that the number of constituent members is small and the stress load on the members can be reduced. The configuration that can be combined with the east-west rod is a configuration in which an east-west bearing mechanism is provided on the inner surface of the north-south rod at the midpoint between the east-west rods. The other end of the east-west bearing mechanism is connected to the east middle and west middle of the reflector. The reflector is connected to the seesaw ladder member via the east-west bearing mechanism. Since the axis of the east-west bearing mechanism and the north-south bearing mechanism center are separated, the center of rotation of the reflector can be positioned exactly at the center of the reflector surface.
The rotation angle control driving means and the elevation angle control driving means here are biaxial sun tracking means. A typical configuration of the rotation angle control drive means is means for driving the rotation angle operation wheel at a displacement angle that is half of the rotational displacement of the timepiece short hand according to the time. In addition, it is possible to configure a means for storing the rotation angle and elevation angle of the sun orbit coordinates in a computer and controlling them according to the date and time. In addition, feedback control using an optical sensor installed on the condensing point side can also be applied.
The light heat utilization means here are a solar power generation, a solar water heater, and a solar cooker that use heat, and are a solar illuminator and a solar power generation that use light.

The effect of the solar concentrator of the present invention is that a large scale can be achieved by reducing the stress and bending moment applied to each member by providing a large number of support columns that support the weight of the apparatus. In general, the position of supporting a long rotating body with an accessory is only at both ends of the rotating body. A thing corresponding to a long rotating body is a seesaw ladder member, and an accessory is an interlocking rod. In the present invention, it is only necessary to track half the angle of the sun's movement when concentrating using a reflector, and the use of sunlight is not from sundown to sunset but from about 20 degrees above the horizon. From the point of being sufficient, it has been realized by finding that a supporting point can be provided in the middle of the long rotating body. Even if the number of reflectors per unit is expanded, if the number of support columns is increased by the number of expansions, the load on the support columns will not increase.
Although it seems to be a mediocre and trivial effect, in Patent Documents 4 to 6, a large stress load or bending moment load is applied to any member due to the expansion, making it difficult to increase the scale. The present invention solves this problem.
Another effect is that the structure of the solar concentrator is relatively simple, so that each member can be downsized and the entire surface can be flattened, so that it is difficult to receive wind resistance. Reduces the need for wind damage and reinforcement to withstand the wind. Furthermore, the weight of the member can be reduced. Since the solar collector of the present invention has a simple configuration, it can be configured even with a reflector size of about 10 cm, for example. The light receiving areas of the 1-meter-square reflector and the 10-centimeter-square reflector are the same, but the wind resistance of the 100-centimeter-square reflector is less. This is because the smaller the wind receiving area, the less affected by the wind force, and the lower the surface height, the weaker the wind speed. The wind is also attenuated by windproof objects such as buildings and planting around the solar concentrator, and the effect is up to the horizontal distance 30 times the height of the windproof objects toward the leeward, and the lower the benefits. Receive.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Align the center of the reflector 1 with the assumed north-south line connecting the south and the north, align the long sides of the rectangular reflector 1 with a length ratio of 2 to 1, with the long sides facing east and west, and place them outside the reflector 1 The north-south bar 2 is positioned, the east-west bar 3 connecting the two north-south bars 2 is positioned at the north-south width interval of the reflector 1, and the north-south bar 2 and the east-west bar 3 are integrated to form a ladder-shaped seesaw ladder 4 The north-south bearing 5 that rotates on the assumed north-south line is provided at the center of all the east-west rods 3, the north-south shaft 6 is engaged with the north-south bearing 5, and the column 7 is connected to the north-south shaft 6. The ladder member 4 is installed and fixed.
The seesaw ladder member 4 tilts to the east or to the west like a seesaw with the interspersed north-south axis 6 as a fulcrum.
An east-west bearing 8 that rotates around an east-west axis is provided at the center of the east side and the center of the west side of the back surface of all the reflectors 1. The east-west bearing 8 is located at the east end and the west end of the reflector 1, but the center line of the east-west bearing 8 passes through the vicinity of the center of the reflector 1.

Both end portions of the east-west bar 3 also serve as the east-west shaft 9, and the reflector 1 is connected to the seesaw ladder member 4 by engaging the east-west shaft 9 and the east-west bearing 8. The reflector 1 tilts south or north with the east-west bar 3 as an axis. Since the center of the east-west bar 3, the center of the north-south axis 6, and the support column 7 are on the same vertical line and the movement is complicated, it will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is the west side of the column 7. The short north-south axis 6 is supported by a Y-shaped column 7. A north-south bearing 5 is engaged with the north-south shaft 6, and an east-west rod 3 is integrally connected to the north-south bearing 5. The east-west rod 3 also serves as the east-west shaft 9 and engages with the east-west bearing 8. The reflector 1 is connected by the bearing 8. In FIG. 3, in order to make the direction easy to understand, the shape of the temporary reflector 10 is replaced with a pentagonal baseball base shape, and the north-south bar and the like are omitted. The projecting end of the temporary reflector 10 is directed northward. FIG. 4 is a view from the north. FIG. 5 is a diagram in which the temporary reflector 10 is tilted east. FIG. 6 shows the state of FIG. 5 viewed from the west. FIG. 7 shows the temporary reflector 10 tilted south from the state shown in FIG. In this way, the child seesaw is placed orthogonally on the parent seesaw. The east-west bar 3 is a parent seesaw, and the reflector corresponds to a child seesaw. Neither the east-west bar 3 nor the reflector can be rotated once, but can swing within a range of less than 180 degrees. If the elevation crank described later is connected, the movable range is narrowed, but it can be moved sufficiently by 120 degrees. The tracking with the reflector is sufficient because it requires half the solar movement angle. Of course, if the elevation crank is shortened, the range can be expanded to 150 degrees.
The installation position of the rotation angle operation gear 11 is as shown in FIG. A rotation angle operation gear 11 is integrally provided at the north end of the seesaw ladder member 4.

The connection position of the elevation crank 12 is as shown in FIG. An elevation crank 12 is connected to a position on the north-south bar that intersects with the extension line of the east-west axis 9 via a bearing that rotates on an east-west axis. All these elevation angle cranks 12 are connected by a crank interlocking rod 13 that interlocks them. The elevation crank 12 and the crank interlocking rod 13 are connected to the north-south rod 2 on the east side and the north-south rod 2 on the west side. Further, the crank interlocking rod 13 on the east side and the crank interlocking rod 13 on the west side are connected by a beam 14 and integrated. The position of the beam 14 is intermediate between the connecting portion and the connecting portion of the elevation crank 12. Therefore, even if the crank interlocking rod 13 is operated, the beam 14 does not hit the column 7.
The connection position of the initial setting crank 15 is as shown in FIG. An initial setting crank 15 is provided between the elevation crank 12 and the reflector 1. The initial setting crank 15 includes an arc member 16 and a fastener 17 that slide with each other. The initial elevation angle of the reflector 1 can be set by adjusting the overlapping length of the arcs. When the crank interlocking rod 13 is moved, the elevation angle of the three reflectors 1 of the unit 18 changes by the same angle. The movement is shown in FIGS. When the crank interlocking rod 13 is pulled, the elevation crank 12 rotates, the initial setting crank 15 also rotates equally, and the reflector 1 also rotates equally.
Next, the part for controlling the elevation angle will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, an adjacent north-south shaft 19 is provided on the south extension of the north-south shaft 6 of the seesaw ladder member 4. Both ends of the adjacent north-south shaft 19 are fixedly supported by adjacent struts 20. The operation bearing 21 and the operated bearing 22 are engaged with the adjacent north-south shaft 19. The operation bearing 21 and the operated bearing 22 are slidable along the adjacent north-south shaft 19 and are engaged so as not to be separated from each other while eliminating the difference in rotational angle between the two. The distal end of the crank interlocking rod 13 is connected by a diameter difference eliminating crank 23 via a bearing that rotates on an east-west shaft. The upper surfaces of the operation bearings 21 of each unit 18 are connected by an operation bearing interlocking rod 24. Further, the elevation control drive device 25 is connected to the operation bearing interlocking rod 24.

When the unit 18 rotates, the crank interlocking rod 13 also rotates, the diameter difference eliminating crank 23 also rotates, and the operated bearing 22 also rotates, but the operation bearing 21 does not rotate. Therefore, even if the upper surfaces of the operation bearings 21 of the three units 18 are connected by the operation bearing interlocking rod 24, there is no problem. If it is explained forcibly using FIG. 1, the posture change due to the unit rotation changes from the posture of the west end unit to the posture of the central unit and the posture of the east end unit. Although the diameter difference eliminating crank 23 rotates delicately, the mode that the operation bearing 21 does not rotate is shown. When the operation bearing interlocking rod 24 is pushed or pulled by the elevation angle control drive device 25, the operation bearing 21, the operated bearing 22, the diameter difference canceling crank 23, the crank interlocking rod 13, the elevation angle crank 12, and the initial setting crank 15 are interlocked. The elevation angles of all the reflectors 1 are operated equally.
Next, the part that controls the rotation angle will be described. The rotation angle operation gear 11 of the three units and the rotation angle control drive motor 26 are connected by a chain 27. At this time, the rotation angle operation gear 11 of each unit is shifted so that the reflected light of each unit gathers at the condensing point. FIG. 1 shows a control posture of the reflector 1 at midday, assuming a condensing point above the central rotation angle operation gear 11. Therefore, the central unit is horizontal, the east unit is slightly west tilted, and the west unit is chained at a slightly east tilted rotation angle. Although not shown in the figure, the solar heat collector is configured by providing the light heat utilization means 29 at the condensing point.

Next, a usage example will be described. The installation location will be on the building rooftop in Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo. A solar concentrator installs the north-south axis 6 horizontally in the north-south direction. Since Chiyoda Ward is 35 degrees north latitude, the sunlight angle at midday of spring equinox, that is, the Nichinannaka angle, is 54 degrees. The elevation angle crank 12 is set to be vertical at the time of spring equinox, which is between the winter solstice and the summer solstice, and the initial elevation angle of the reflector 1 is adjusted so that sunlight with an incidence of 54 degrees is reflected at the condensing point. Since the initial elevation angle is different for each reflector 1, the length of the initial setting crank 15 is adjusted to be as shown in FIG.
Since Chiyoda Ward is 139 degrees east longitude, the sun will come to the south around 11:40. It is Akashi, the time standard place, where the sun comes to the south at 12:00. Around 11:40, the rotation angle control drive motor 26 drives the chain 27 so that sunlight from the south is reflected to the condensing point. Asking of the crank mechanism and slack of the chain 27 are reduced as much as possible to reduce drive errors.
The elevation angle of the reflecting plate 1 is controlled by the elevation angle control driving device 25. The angle between Nichinan and China at around 11:40 is determined according to the month and day, 31 degrees for the winter solstice, 54 degrees for the spring and autumn minutes, and 77 degrees for the summer solstice. The solar orbit rises and falls with the Nichinan-nakaji angle at the apex and an ecliptic inclination of about 23 degrees, and accordingly, the elevation angle control drive device 25 pushes and pulls the operation bearing interlocking rod 24 to operate the elevation angle. The rotation angle control drive motor 26 and the elevation angle control drive device 25 control the rotation angle and elevation angle of the reflector 1 from the date and time data, and the reflected light is condensed on the light heat utilization means 29 while receiving sunlight. Will be.

Schematic diagrams of the elevation angle control of the unit viewed from the east are shown in FIGS. FIG. 12 shows the winter solstice, and since the angle between Japan and South China is 31 degrees, the crank interlocking rod 13 is pushed and the reflector 1 is tilted southward. Light is incident and reflected from the sun 28 drawn in a circle on the upper left, as indicated by a broken line, and is condensed onto the light heat utilization means 29. FIG. 13 shows the equinox. Since the elevation crank 12 is initially set to be vertical, the reflector posture is as it is. The initial elevation angle of the reflecting plate 1 is inclined northward as the reflecting plate 1 at the south position becomes inclined toward the south as the reflecting plate 1 at the north position. FIG. 14 shows the state of the summer solstice. Since the angle is 77 degrees between Nichinan, the crank interlocking rod 13 is pulled and the reflector 1 is tilted north.
15 to 17 are schematic views of the state of rotation angle control of the unit as viewed from the north. FIG. 15 shows the morning state, and since the sunshine is from the east side, the unit 18 is tilted and rotated to the east. At noon, the unit 18 is initially set to be horizontal, but FIG. 16 shows a state before noon. FIG. 17 shows the evening, and the sunlight is from the west. Therefore, the unit 18 is tilted and rotated to the west.

Next, an embodiment in which the east-west bar and the east-west axis are separated will be described with reference to FIG. The configuration of the seesaw ladder member and the support column is substantially the same as in the first embodiment. The difference is that the position of the reflector and the portion related to the elevation angle operation are shifted by half a ladder. The installation position of the east-west axis 30 is provided in a cantilever shape at the midpoint between the east-west bars inside the north-south bar 31. An elevation crank 32 and a reflector gripping tool 33 are provided on the east-west axis 30. The reflection plate 34 is held by the reflection plate gripping tool 33. At this time, the center line of the north-south axis and the axis extension line of the east-west axis 30 are positioned so as to intersect at the surface of the center point of the reflector 34. Then, even if the direction of the reflecting plate 34 is operated, the center point position does not move from east to west, north and south, and the light collection accuracy can be maintained. Incidentally, in the first embodiment, since there is a difference in height between the north-south axis 6, the east-west axis 9, and the surface of the reflector 1, the position of the reflector is slightly shifted depending on the rotation angle and elevation angle. However, there is no problem if the light condensing range of the light heat utilization means is wider than the reflector.
The initial setting crank 35 connects the elevation angle crank 32 and the reflecting plate 34 via a bearing. The initial setting crank 35 is configured such that the piston member 36 and the cylinder member 37 are engaged with each other so as to be extendable and the length is adjusted by tightening a fixing screw 38. The position of the beam 39 connecting the east-side crank interlocking rod and the west-side crank interlocking rod is the same position as the lower part of the elevation angle crank 32 and does not hit the column even if operated.

Next, an embodiment in which the solar light collector of the present invention is extended will be described with reference to FIG. 50 units 41 are arranged as one unit 41 by 50 reflecting plates 40, the rotation angle operation wheel 42 of each unit 41 and the motor 43 are connected by a chain 44, and the upper parts of the operation bearing 45 of each unit 41 are connected to each other. Are connected by an operation bearing interlocking rod 46, and a hydraulic cylinder 47 is connected to the operation bearing interlocking rod 46. The motor 43 and the hydraulic cylinder 47 are connected to a control device 49 by a communication wire 48 and drive the rotation angle and elevation angle of the reflector 40 so as to track the sun by a signal from the control device 49. Since it is difficult to show all of them, the number of reflectors 40 and the number of units 41 are omitted in a simplified diagram. The specific configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Since one unit 41 is a length in which 50 reflectors 40 are arranged, it seems that a large torque is required to rotate the unit 41, but the unit 41 is small because the center of gravity and the north-south axis rotation center are close. It can be driven by torque. The motor 43 is applied with the torque of the unit 41 for 50 units. However, since the torque for one unit is small, the motor 43 can be driven sufficiently. A tension contracting wheel 50 is provided outside the rotation angle operating wheel 42 and the motor 43. Since the tension applied to the chain 44 is borne by the tension contracting wheel 50, no excessive tension load is applied to the rotation angle operation wheel 42 and the motor 43.
Regarding the operation of the elevation angle, it is more stable if two or more hydraulic cylinders 47 are arranged side by side. Although various designs can be made according to the balance of the center of gravity of the portion moved by the operation of the operation bearing interlocking rod 46, the rotational resistance of the bearing, and the rigidity of the operation bearing interlocking rod 46, it is safer to arrange several hydraulic cylinders 47 in parallel.
This solar concentrator is composed of 50 reflecting plate units, but it can be further expanded. Even if the load on the motor or hydraulic cylinder becomes excessive, it can be achieved by adding more drive means.

Next, in the north-south bearing mechanism of the solar concentrator of the present invention, an embodiment in which the support side is a bearing will be described with reference to FIGS. The north-south axis 52 is positioned at the center, and both ends of the north-south axis 52 are connected to the deformed beam 53 supported from below, and the north-south axis 52, the deformed beam 53, and the east-west bar 51 are formed. And the east-west bar 51 is integrated with the north-south bar 54 to form a seesaw ladder member. In FIG. 20, the outside of the range of one reflector is omitted. FIG. 21 shows the support 56 integrated with the north-south bearing 55 engaged with the north-south shaft 52. Further, FIG. 22 shows that the reflection plate 57 is connected. Since the reflection plate 57 has a hole 58 in the center, it does not come into contact with the north-south bearing 55 even if the elevation angle is changed. Since the configuration of the other members is the same as that of the first embodiment, a description thereof will be omitted.
In order to make the drawing easier to see, the hole 58 and the north-south bearing 55 are shown larger, but the hole 58 can be made smaller depending on the design.
The solar concentrator of the present invention can also be installed on the south surface of a building. In this case, the struts protrude from the vertical wall of the building, and the north-south bearings provided at the tops of the columns are oriented vertically, and a load is applied directly below them.

  The solar concentrator can constitute an incinerator at the focal position, and can be incorporated as auxiliary heating means for various plants. Further, the present invention can be applied to a primary reflection portion in a beam-down solar concentrator that secondarily reflects light at a condensing point to the ground.

Overall perspective view of Form 1 Side view of the column viewed from the west Side view of the strut connected with a temporary reflector from the west Front view of the strut connected with a temporary reflector from the north The figure which looked at the state which inclined the temporary reflector east from the north The figure which looked at the state which inclined the temporary reflector east from the west The figure which looked at the state which inclined the temporary reflector southeast from the north The figure which looked at the state which inclined the temporary reflector southeast from the west Perspective view of the unit's north end with the reflector omitted Side view around the reflector Side view of the reflector with the elevation operated Schematic view of the elevation control of the winter solstice unit from the east Schematic view of Equinox unit elevation control from the east Schematic view of the elevation control of the summer solstice unit from the east Schematic view of the morning unit rotation angle control looking down from the north Schematic view of the mid-day unit rotation angle control looking down from the north Schematic view of the evening unit rotation angle control looking down from the north Perspective view around the reflector of the first embodiment Schematic of the entire solar concentrator of the second embodiment The perspective view which looked down at the periphery of the east-west pole of the 3rd example The perspective view which engaged the support | pillar with the east-west bar | burr of the 3rd Example. The perspective view which engaged the reflecting plate with the east-west bar | burr of the 3rd Example.

1 reflector 2 north-south rod 3 east-west rod 4 seesaw ladder 5 north-south bearing 6 north-south shaft 7 support 8 east-west bearing 9 east-west shaft 11 rotation angle operation gear 12 elevation crank 13 crank interlocking rod 15 initial setting crank 18 unit 24 operation bearing interlocking rod 25 Elevation Control Drive Device 26 Rotation Angle Control Drive Motor 27 Chain 29 Light Heat Utilizing Means

Claims (4)

A number of reflectors are arranged on the assumed north-south line connecting the south and the north, with the center of the reflector aligned, the north-south poles are positioned outside the reflector rows, and the east-west poles connecting the two north-south bars are reflected on the reflectors. The north-south bar and the east-west bar are integrated with each other to form a ladder-shaped seesaw ladder member, and the north-south bearing mechanism rotates on the assumed north-south line at the center of some of the east-west bars. A strut that supports the north-south bearing mechanism is connected to each of the interspersed north-south bearing mechanisms, and a rotation angle operation wheel that rotates on the assumed north-south line is provided at an arbitrary position of the seesaw ladder member.
All of the reflectors are connected to the seesaw ladder through an east-west bearing mechanism that passes through the vicinity of the center point of the reflector and rotates around the east-west axis.
The seesaw ladder is connected to an elevation crank via a bearing that rotates on the same axis as the east-west bearing mechanism, and the elevation cranks are of equal length, and all the elevation cranks are connected by a crank interlocking rod. Is connected to one end of an initial setting crank that is adjusted to a length that holds the reflector at an initial elevation angle, and the other end of the initial setting crank is connected to the reflector.
An independent north-south axis is positioned at an adjacent position on the extension line of the assumed north-south line of this seesaw ladder member, and adjacent struts supporting the adjacent north-south axis are connected to both ends of this adjacent north-south axis, and an operation bearing is connected to this adjacent north-south axis The operated bearing and the operated bearing are slidable along the adjacent north-south axis, and are engaged so as not to be separated from each other while eliminating the difference in rotational angle between the two axes. Connect the driven bearing and the end of the crank interlocking rod with a diameter difference canceling crank through the bearing,
The above configuration is set as one unit unit, and the direction of this unit is set so that the axis of the north-south bearing mechanism is aligned with the longitude plane. One or more of these units are arranged in the east-west direction. Is a solar concentrator comprising a rotation angle control drive means connected to each other, an elevation angle control drive means connected to the operation bearings of all the units, and light heat utilization means provided to the set condensing point coordinates.   The solar concentrator according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the east-west bar are formed with the east-west axis, and the reflector is connected to the seesaw ladder member by engaging the east-west axis with the east-west bearing.   The position of the east-west bearing mechanism is set at an intermediate point between the east-west bars inside the north-south bar, and the seesaw ladder member and the reflector are connected via the east-west bearing mechanism. vessel.   The solar concentrator according to claim 1, wherein the direction of the north-south bearing mechanism of the unit is vertical.

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