JP2011091978A - Dc power distribution system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a DC power distribution system which restores a load to its pre-outage state without communicating with the load when power is restored during a power supply backup operation. <P>SOLUTION: A power distribution unit 10 is equipped with: a commercial power supply AC; a photovoltaic power generator PV; and secondary batteries SC1 and SC2, and supplies a DC power to a load Ld via a feeder line Kp. A relay unit 20 branches the feeder line Kp between the power distribution unit 10 and the load Ld into a plurality of feeder lines, and opens and closes each feeder line with a switch element 21. When detecting a power outage of the commercial power supply AC, the power distribution unit 10 notifies the relay unit 20 of the power outage. At the point of reception of the power outage notification, the relay unit 20 writes an on-off state of the switch element 21 to a state memory unit 22b. When power supply to the relay unit 20 is resumed, a power restoring process unit 22c restores the switch element 21 to its original on-off state depending on the memory contents of the state memory unit 22b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a DC power distribution system that supplies DC power to a load.

  Conventionally, a power supply system that supplies DC power to a load via a power supply path wired in a building has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, in a power supply system using a power supply unit that includes a main power source that is a commercial power source and a distributed power source that can be backed up when the main power source stops, a load that feeds power from the distributed power source after the main power source stops A technique for limiting the above is described. To limit the load to be fed, select a load to be fed from the power supply unit according to the priority of each load, and adopt a configuration that instructs the stop of the operation by communication for the unselected load among each load Yes. Moreover, since it is necessary to restore the state before the power failure when the main power is restored, it is necessary to acquire the state of the load before the power failure by communication and store it individually.

JP 2009-148209 A

  By the way, in the technique described in Patent Document 1, since communication is performed individually for each load, it is necessary to provide a communication function for each load fed from the distributed power supply, and a dedicated load having a communication function is required. Have the problem of becoming. In other words, there is a problem that the technique described in Patent Document 1 cannot be used with a normal load that does not have a communication function.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned reasons, and its purpose is to change the state of a load before a power failure without performing communication with the load when power is restored within the time of power backup. An object of the present invention is to provide a DC power distribution system that makes it possible to restore the state of the above.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power distribution unit that is fed from a commercial power source and a private power generation facility and supplies DC power of a required voltage to a power supply path to a load, and a power supply path between the power distribution unit and the load. And a relay unit in which a switch element for selecting whether to supply power is inserted for each system, and the power distribution unit and the relay unit can communicate with each other. A power supply state monitoring unit that detects a power failure and power recovery of a commercial power supply, and a power supply control unit that supplies DC power from the battery to the power supply path when a power failure is detected by the power supply state monitoring unit. A state storage unit for storing an on / off state of each switch element when the power supply state monitoring unit is notified by communication from the power distribution unit that a power failure of the commercial power source has been detected; When the distribution selection unit notifies the distribution selection unit that the power source state monitoring unit has detected that the power source has been restored, the on / off state of each switch element is stored in the on / off state stored in the state storage unit. And a power recovery processing unit that gives an instruction to set the state to the system selection unit.

  Further, it is preferable that the system selection unit turns on only a specific switch element that is a part of the switch element after the on / off state of the switch element is stored in the state storage unit.

  Furthermore, the relay unit includes a power storage element that is stored with power from the power distribution unit, and when the power supply from the power distribution unit is stopped, the state storage unit uses the power of the power storage element to switch each switch element at the time when power supply is stopped. It is desirable to have a save function for storing the on / off state.

  In addition, it is desirable that the state storage unit does not use the save function when the time when the power supply from the power distribution unit is stopped is a period from a power failure of the commercial power source to a power recovery.

  The power recovery processing unit turns on each switch element when there are a plurality of switch elements to be turned on in the on / off state stored in the state storage unit when the power supply from the power distribution unit is resumed. It is desirable to provide a time difference in timing.

  Furthermore, when using a solar power generation device as a private power generation facility and using a secondary battery charged by the solar power generation device as a battery, the protector is shut down by reducing the remaining capacity of the secondary battery in the power supply control unit. After that, when the power generation of the photovoltaic power generator is resumed while the power failure of the commercial power source continues, the secondary battery is charged by the photovoltaic power generator and the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is less than the lower limit capacity. It is desirable that the protector resume energization to the load after reaching a larger specified energization capacity.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, when supplying DC power to a load from a power distribution unit provided with a battery that is fed from a commercial power source and a private power generation facility and that backs up the power, a power supply path that feeds power from the power distribution unit to the load is branched. In addition, a relay unit having a switch element inserted into each branched system is provided, and communication between the power distribution unit and the relay unit is performed to control the on / off state of the switch element. It is possible to restore the load state when the commercial power supply is restored by turning on and off the switch element without providing a communication function.

  That is, when a power failure is notified from the power distribution unit to the relay unit, the on / off state of the switch element is stored in the state storage unit, and when the power supply is resumed, the on / off state of the switch element stored in the state storage unit is stored. Since the power supply is restored to the state at the time of the power failure, it is possible to restore the permanent load on / off state to the state before the power failure. In addition, when the commercial power supply is restored during battery backup, the power status monitoring unit notifies the power restoration, thereby reading the on / off status of each switch stored in the status storage unit. The on / off state can be restored to the state before the power failure.

  In a configuration in which the system selection unit turns on only a specific switch element while power is supplied by a battery after a power failure of the commercial power supply, it is possible to select a load system to be supplied from a battery that performs power backup. . Here, while the on / off state is stored in the state storage unit, power for supplying to a specific load is secured, so writing to the state storage unit can be performed using this power. .

  When the relay unit includes a power storage element and has a standby function for storing the on / off state of each switch element using the power of the power storage element when power supply from the power distribution unit is stopped, Even if the power supply to the relay unit is suddenly interrupted without notification of a power failure, the ON / OFF state of the switch element at that time can be maintained, and the ON / OFF state of the switch element can be changed when power supply is resumed. It can be restored.

  In addition, when the power supply from the power distribution unit stops is the period from the power failure of the commercial power supply to the power recovery, by not using the save function, it is already stored when the commercial power supply fails. Since the on / off state of each switch element is not rewritten, it is possible to restore the state before the power failure at the time of power recovery.

  When a plurality of switch elements are turned on when power supply is resumed, if a configuration is adopted in which a time difference is given to the timing at which each switch element is turned on, the starting current associated with the start of energization of the load is dispersed. The peak of the starting current can be suppressed. That is, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the voltage of the power feeding path and a stress on the internal circuit of the power distribution unit due to the peak of the starting current.

  Further, in the configuration using the solar power generation device and the secondary battery, when the power generation of the solar power generation device is resumed after the protector is shut off due to the decrease in the remaining capacity of the secondary battery, When the protector is turned on after the remaining capacity of the battery reaches the specified current capacity, the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is supplied by supplying power to the load while the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is insufficient. Can be prevented from decreasing immediately.

It is a block diagram which shows embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the control part of the power distribution unit used for the same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the control part of the relay unit used for the same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the power distribution unit used for the same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the relay unit used for the same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows the operation example same as the above.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, power is supplied from a commercial power supply AC that is an AC power supply and a photovoltaic power generation device PV as a private power generation facility, and DC power of a required voltage is supplied to a power supply path Kp to a load Ld. The power distribution unit 10 to be supplied and the relay unit 20 that is inserted into the power supply path Kp between the power distribution unit 10 and the load Ld and branches the power supply path Kp into a plurality of systems. As a private power generation facility, a wind power generation device or the like can be used instead of the solar power generation device PV as long as the power generation facility uses natural energy.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the power distribution unit 10 converts a power converter that converts input power into DC power supplied to the power supply path Kp, and supplies DC power output from the power converter to the power supply path Kp. And a protector 12 for selecting whether or not. The power input to the power distribution unit 10 includes at least AC power from the commercial power supply AC and DC power from the solar power generation device PV. Moreover, the solar power generation device PV includes a solar cell for power generation and an electric double layer capacitor for suppressing output fluctuation of the solar cell.

  The power distribution unit 10 incorporates a secondary battery SC, and the power of the secondary battery SC is also used as a power source for supplying DC power to the power supply path Kp. Further, a secondary battery SC1 provided separately may be connected to the power distribution unit 10. The secondary batteries SC and SC1 store surplus power of the solar power generation device PV, and supply DC power to the power supply path Kp using the stored power when the output of the solar power generation device PV is reduced.

  As the power converter, an AC-DC converter 11 that converts the commercial power source AC into DC power having a required voltage is provided, and DC-DC conversion that converts the output of the photovoltaic power generator PV into DC power having the required voltage. A vessel 13 is provided. Furthermore, when there is surplus in the output of the solar power generation device PV, the secondary batteries SC and SC1 are charged using surplus power, and when the output of the solar power generation device PV is insufficient, the secondary batteries SC and SC1 are charged. A bidirectional converter 14 that outputs DC power using electric charges is also provided as a power converter. On the input side of the AC-DC converter 11, a power switch 15 for turning on / off the connection between the commercial power supply AC and the AC-DC converter 11 is provided.

  The output sides of the AC-DC converter 11 and the DC-DC converter 13 are connected in common to the main conductive path 16 built in the power distribution unit 10. Bidirectional converter 14 is connected between secondary batteries SC and SC1 and main conductive path 16. That is, since three power converters of the AC-DC converter 11, the DC-DC converter 13, and the bidirectional converter 14 are connected in parallel to the main conductive path 16, each power converter is The output is adjusted so that the same voltage is applied to the conductive path 16.

  In the power distribution unit 10 of the illustrated example, the power output from the solar power generation device PV is consumed by the load Ld, and the surplus power output from the solar power generation device PV and not consumed by the load Ld is accumulated in the secondary batteries SC and SC1. In addition, a configuration is adopted in which the reverse power flow to the commercial power supply AC system is not performed by surplus power. In this configuration, the reverse power flow is not performed, so that the output power of the photovoltaic power generator PV can be used even during a power failure of the commercial power supply AC.

  A protector 12 is connected to the main conductive path 16, and DC power is supplied from the main conductive path 16 to the power supply path Kp via the protector 12. The protector 12 includes a contact device that is a mechanical contact, and has a function of forcibly opening the contact device when an abnormal current passes when the contact device is closed. This function is the same function as the circuit breaker for wiring, and the types of abnormal current include a short-circuit current when a load is short-circuited and an overcurrent when an overload occurs.

  The number of the protectors 12 is appropriately determined according to the number of power supply paths Kp and the output capacity of the power converter. In the illustrated example, three protectors 12 are used, and one power supply path Kp without backup in which power supply from the solar power generation device PV and the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is stopped in the event of a power failure of the commercial power supply AC, The protector 12 is connected between the main conductive path 16 and the two power supply paths Kp with backup for supplying power from the solar power generation device PV and the secondary batteries SC and SC1 at the time of power failure of the power supply AC. In the present embodiment, one system with backup can select a load Ld to be backed up, as will be described later.

  Here, for the power supply path Kp without backup, the protector 12 is shut off at the time of a power failure of the commercial power supply AC, and the power supply to the load Ld is stopped. Further, for the power supply path Kp with backup, power is supplied to the load Ld as much as possible from the solar power generation device PV and the secondary batteries SC and SC1 at the time of a power failure of the commercial power supply Kp. In this way, at the time of a power failure of the commercial power supply AC, by backing up the power supply to the load Ld by the solar power generation device PV and the secondary batteries SC and SC1, the commercial power supply load Ld for communication, disaster prevention and crime prevention is used. It becomes possible to secure electric power to the load Ld that needs to be operated even when the power supply AC has a power failure. In addition, since the power supply to the load Ld that is not backed up is stopped, the load Ld can be operated for a long time by utilizing the power of the solar power generation device PV and the secondary batteries SC and SC1 as much as possible. It becomes possible.

  The power distribution unit 10 is provided with a control unit 17 whose main component is a microcomputer (hereinafter abbreviated as “microcomputer”). The control unit 17 controls both the AC-DC converter 11 and the DC-DC converter 13. The operation with the direction changer 14 is controlled, and the opening and closing of the protector 12 is controlled. Further, the control unit 17 is provided with a communication unit 18 for communicating with other devices via the communication line Kc. Although there is no particular restriction on the communication method by the communication unit 18, the present embodiment employs a configuration in which information is transmitted using a baseband signal using a wired communication line Kc. Moreover, although the example which provided the communication line Kc separately from the electric power feeding path Kp is shown, you may employ | adopt the structure which communicates using the electric power feeding path Kp.

  The control unit 17 has a function of monitoring the operation state of the internal device in addition to the function of controlling the internal device of the power distribution unit 10, and also provides a function of giving an instruction to the other device through communication and the operation of the other device. Function. Information acquired in this way by the control unit 17 is displayed as necessary on a display device 19 including a monitor such as a liquid crystal display.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the control unit 17 includes a power supply state monitoring unit 17a that detects a power failure and a power recovery of the commercial power supply AC, and a capacity monitoring unit 17b that monitors the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1. Is provided. Further, when the power supply state monitoring unit 17a detects a power failure of the commercial power supply AC, the control unit 17 supplies DC power from the secondary batteries SC and SC1 to the power supply path Kp and is monitored by the capacity monitoring unit 17b. A power feeding control unit 17c that shuts off the protector 12 when the capacity decreases and reaches the lower limit capacity, and a power generation monitoring unit 17d that monitors the output of the solar power generation device PV and the presence or absence of surplus power are provided.

  The capacity monitoring unit 17b measures the current amount of the charging current when charging the secondary batteries SC and SC1, monitors the terminal voltage of the secondary batteries SC and SC1, and further counts the number of times of charging. In the secondary batteries SC and SC1, it is known that the change characteristic of the terminal voltage with respect to the current amount of the charging current changes according to the number of times of charging. Therefore, the change characteristic of the current amount and the terminal voltage according to the number of times of charging. Is stored, it is possible to estimate the amount of charge to the secondary batteries SC and SC1 from the amount of charge current, the terminal voltage, and the number of times of charge.

  Further, if the spontaneous discharge of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is ignored, the discharge amount can be estimated from the change in the terminal voltage with respect to the charge amount of the secondary batteries SC and SC1. That is, the remaining capacity can be estimated from the difference between the charge amount and the discharge amount.

  The remaining capacity estimated by the capacity monitoring unit 17b is given to the power feeding control unit 17c, and when the remaining capacity decreases and reaches the lower limit capacity, the protector 12 is shut off. The lower limit capacity is set to a capacity that allows the control unit 17 of the power distribution unit 10 to operate for about half a day to one day in the low power consumption mode. The capacity monitoring unit 17b is set with a current-carrying capacity larger than the lower-limit capacity, and the cutoff of the protector 12 is defined by the lower-limit capacity, but when energizing the load Ld from the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is started. The condition is that the current carrying capacity or more.

  The energization capacity is set because, when energization of the load Ld is started, if the capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is near the lower limit capacity, the remaining capacity immediately decreases to the lower limit capacity, and the protector 12 This is because they block. Therefore, the protector 12 is kept shut off until the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 reaches the current-carrying capacity due to the surplus power of the solar power generation device PV. Such a state may occur at dawn after a power failure occurs at night, but power generation by the photovoltaic power generation device PV is not possible until the time when power supply to the load Ld is required by the user's wake-up. Is started and the secondary batteries SC and SC1 are charged, so no particular problem occurs.

  In the illustrated example, the display device 19 is built in the power distribution unit 10, but the display device 19 may be provided separately from the power distribution unit 10. In that case, communication may be performed between the control unit 17 and the display device 19 via the communication unit 17. Further, an operation unit such as a touch panel or a mechanical switch may be provided on the display device 19 to give an instruction to the control unit 17.

  As described above, since the commercial power supply AC, the solar power generation device PV, the secondary battery SC1, the power supply path Kp, the communication line Kc, and the like are connected to the power distribution unit 10, the connection terminal Tm1 for connecting them is also provided. Provided. Here, an appropriate number of power distribution units 10 can be arranged in the house according to the current capacity of the load Ld.

  For example, if one power distribution unit 10 supplies DC power of 48 V and 200 W, when the total power of the load Ld exceeds 200 W, two or more power distribution units 10 are provided. In the illustrated example, the power that can be supplied from the power distribution unit 10 is distributed to the three systems by the protector 12, and is distributed 1: 1 to the two systems that are not connected to the relay unit 20, and the relay unit 20 is connected. It is assumed that twice the power of the remaining two systems is allocated to one system.

  The number of power distribution units 10 that can be used is limited. For example, a maximum of eight power distribution units 10 can be used. Further, the relay units 20 that can be used in the system are also limited, and for example, a maximum of 18 units can be used in the system.

  As described above, the relay unit 20 is inserted into the power supply path Kp between the power distribution unit 10 and the load Ld. In the following description, the part from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20 in the power supply path Kp is identified as the primary power supply path Kp1 and the part from the relay unit 20 to the load Ld is identified as the secondary power supply path Kp2 as necessary. To do.

  The relay unit 20 branches the primary power supply path Kp1 into a plurality of systems (4 systems in the illustrated example) secondary power supply paths Kp2, and each secondary power supply path Kp2 is connected to the primary power supply path Kp1. An inserted switch element 21 is provided. The switch element 21 is assumed to use a contact of an electromagnetic relay provided with a mechanical contact, but a semiconductor switch such as a MOSFET, a semiconductor relay, or a GTO can also be used. Alternatively, it is also possible to use the switch element 21 configured to combine both to prevent the occurrence of arc and suppress the loss at the time of ON.

  The relay unit 20 is provided with a control unit 22 having a microcomputer as a main component in order to individually control on / off of the switch elements 21. As shown in FIG. 4, the control unit 22 includes a system selection unit 22 a that controls the on / off state of the switch elements 21 of each system.

  In addition, a switch line Ks is connected to the relay unit 20, and a switch terminal SW is connected to the switch line Ks. The switch line Ks supplies DC power to the switch terminal SW and is used for communication between the relay unit 20 and the switch terminal SW. Each switch terminal SW is provided with a switch for operation, and an individual address used for communication is set. When the switch is operated, the operation content of the switch is notified to the relay unit 20 together with the address using the communication signal transmitted through the switch line Ks.

  In the control unit 17 of the power distribution unit 10, the switch element 21 is associated with the address of the switch terminal SW, and the switch associated with the switch terminal SW in the control unit 17 by operating the switch of the switch terminal SW. On / off of the element 21 is controlled. That is, the operation information of the switch provided in the switch terminal SW is notified to the control unit 17 of the power distribution unit 10 via the control unit 22 and the communication line Kc, and the control unit 17 corresponds to the system associated with the address of the switch terminal SW. The control content for each system is notified to the relay unit 20 including the switch element 21.

  Here, since the DC power and the communication signal are superimposed on the switch line Ks, an electric circuit connected to the primary power supply path Kp1 in the relay unit 20 so as not to send a signal to the primary power supply path Kp1; The filter circuit 23 is inserted between the electric circuit connected to the switch line Ks.

  The filter circuit 203 has a function of separating and combining DC power supplied through the switch line Ks and communication signals transmitted through the switch line Ks. In other words, in addition to the switch line Ks, the filter circuit 23 is connected to an electrical path connected to the primary power supply path Kp1 and a communication path connected to the control unit 22. The communication path connected to the control unit 202 is additionally provided with a communication unit 204 for communicating with other devices via the communication line Kc. Therefore, the communication signal generated by the operation of the switch terminal SW can be transmitted not only to the control unit 22 but also to other devices through the communication unit 24.

  By the way, in addition to the system selection unit 22a, when the power supply state monitoring unit 17a notifies the control unit 22 that the commercial power supply AC has been detected through the communication unit 24, the control unit 22 indicates the on / off state of the switch element 201 at the time of notification. The state storage unit 22b to store and the system selection unit 22a to set the on / off state of each switch element 21 to the on / off state stored in the state storage unit 22b when the power supply from the power distribution unit 10 is resumed. A power recovery processing unit 22c for providing an instruction is provided. As the state storage unit 22b, a nonvolatile memory such as an EEPROM that holds stored contents without power supply is used.

  The system selection unit 22a is turned on at the time of a power failure so that power can be continued as much as possible to the secondary power supply path Kp2 to which the load Ld that needs to be fed is connected even when the commercial power source AC is out of power. The particular switch element 21 that will be in the state is reserved. For example, the switch element 21 connected to the secondary power supply path Kp2 is turned on so that the secondary power supply path Kp2 to which the light emitting diode used for the guide light is connected as the load Ld is supplied at the time of a power failure of the commercial power supply AC. It becomes a state. In order to reserve a specific switch element 21, the relay unit 20 is provided with a DIP switch. If only a predetermined specific switch element 21 is reserved, a DIP switch is unnecessary.

  Therefore, the system selection unit 22 always controls on / off of the switch element 21 in accordance with the operation of the switch provided in the switch terminal SW, but the notification power point is notified by the power distribution unit 10 being notified of the power failure of the commercial power supply AC. After the on / off state of the switch element 21 is stored in the state storage unit 22b, the specific switch element 21 is turned on and the other switch elements 21 are turned off.

  By this operation, when a power failure of the commercial power supply AC is detected in the power distribution unit 10, an operation for saving the on / off state of the switch element 21 at that time in the state storage unit 22b is started. Thus, it is possible to perform a process of storing the ON / OFF state of the switch element 21 while the power supply by the solar power generation device PV and the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is continued.

  In addition, after the power failure is detected, power is supplied only to the secondary power supply path Kp2 to which the load Ld that needs to be energized is connected among the switch elements 21, so power is supplied from the primary power supply path Kp1 to the relay unit 20. Electric power can be reduced. That is, by not supplying power to the unnecessary load Ld, the time for supplying power from the secondary batteries SC and SC1 to the necessary load Ld can be extended.

  Here, the power source for operating the internal circuit of the relay unit 20 is fed from the power distribution unit 10 through the primary feeding path Kp1, and the relay unit 20 has a power circuit for securing the power from the primary feeding path Kp1. 25 is provided. The power supply circuit 25 is provided with a capacitor having a relatively large capacity. When this capacitor functions as a power storage element, even when power supply from the primary power supply path Kp1 is stopped, the power required to perform the operation to the extent that the on / off state of the switch element 21 is stored in the state storage unit 22b. Is secured.

  When the state storage unit 22b stores the ON / OFF state of the switch element 21 in accordance with the power failure of the commercial power supply AC, the power failure is notified from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20, and the secondary battery SC1, Since power supply from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20 is continued using the power of SC2, the state storage unit 22b stores the on / off state of the switch element 21 when a power failure occurs.

  On the other hand, in many cases, the power supply from the primary power supply path Kp1 is stopped when the pole is opened due to an abnormal current passing through the protector 12 and when the protector 12 is controlled. Either of the extreme cases. In the former case, since the power failure of the commercial power supply AC is not detected, the on / off state of the switch element 21 is not stored in the state storage unit 22b. Therefore, the state storage unit 22b is provided with a retreat function for storing the on / off state of the switch element 21 when the power supply from the primary power supply path Kp1 is stopped using the power of the power storage element. With this evacuation function, the on / off state of each switch element 21 when power supply from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20 is stopped is stored in the state storage unit 22b.

  However, when the power supply from the primary power supply path Kp1 is stopped during the period from the power failure to the power recovery of the commercial power supply AC (that is, when backed up by the secondary batteries SC1 and SC2), the state storage unit 22b Since the on / off state of the switch element 21 is already stored at the time of the occurrence of a power failure, the save function is not used and the on / off state of the switch element 21 stored in the state storage unit 22b is not rewritten. In other words, when backup is performed by the secondary batteries SC1 and SC2 due to a power failure of the commercial power supply AC, the state storage unit 22b indicates whether the switch element 21 is on or off at the time of the power failure of the commercial power supply AC. It will be remembered.

  In the power recovery processing unit 22c provided in the control unit 22, when power supply is resumed after power supply from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20 is stopped, each switch element 21 before power failure stored in the state storage unit 22b is stored. The system storage unit 22a is instructed so that the on / off state of each switch element 21 becomes the on / off state read from the state storage unit 22b. That is, when the power supply from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20 is resumed, a process of returning the on / off state of the switch element 21 to the state before the power failure is performed.

  With this operation, when the power supply from the power distribution unit 10 is resumed, the relay unit 20 can restore the on / off state of the load Ld to the state before the power failure of the commercial power supply AC. Further, even when the commercial power source AC recovers during the backup period using the secondary batteries SC1 and SC2, the state before the power failure can be restored.

  When there are a plurality of switch elements 21 that are turned on in the on / off state stored in the state storage unit 22b when the power supply from the power distribution unit 10 is resumed, the power recovery processing unit 22c A time difference is given to the timing at which the element 21 is turned on. For example, on / off is controlled for each switch element 21 at a constant time interval. With this operation, the starting current required for starting the load Ld can be made to flow for each system, so that it is possible to suppress the peak of the current that flows when the load Ld is started.

  That is, when a plurality of switch elements 21 are simultaneously turned on, the current flowing through the primary power supply path Kp1 is a current obtained by adding the starting currents of the loads Ld of a plurality of systems, and the peak of the output current of the power distribution unit 10 is Since it becomes large, there is a possibility that the output voltage may be reduced beyond the current capacity of the power distribution unit 10. On the other hand, as described above, by adopting a configuration in which a time difference is provided when each switch element 21 is turned on, the peak of the output current at the time of startup can be suppressed, and the output voltage of the power distribution unit 10 decreases. Can be prevented. In addition, stress on the AC-DC converter 11, the DC-DC converter 13, the bidirectional converter 14 and the like, which are internal circuits of the power distribution unit 10, is suppressed.

  For example, when the light emitting diodes are used for the load Ld, if the switch elements 21 are turned on all at once, there is a possibility that the designed light output cannot be obtained immediately after the start of lighting. By shifting each element 21, it is possible to obtain a light output designed immediately after the start of lighting.

  As described above, since the primary power supply path Kp1, the secondary power supply path Kp2, the communication line Kc, and the switch line Ks are connected to the relay unit 20, the connection terminal Tm2 for connecting these is also provided. Two connection terminals Tm2 corresponding to the primary power supply path Kp1 and the communication line Kc are provided, and the primary power supply path Kp1 and the communication line Kc can be fed.

  As described above, when the maximum number of relay units 20 is 18, 18 × 4 systems = 72 systems of secondary power supply paths Kp2 can be used. In this case, up to 73 switch terminals SW (number of systems + 1) can be connected. Further, the total number of switches provided in the switch terminal SW is up to 100, and two of them are for simultaneous control for turning on and off a plurality of systems collectively.

  For simultaneous control, group control for selecting a state in which power is supplied to all of a plurality of systems associated with one switch and a state in which power is not supplied to all of the switches, and a plurality of systems associated with one switch There is a pattern control in which a pattern of a power supply system and a system that does not supply power is determined in advance and the pattern is selected by a switch. The number of systems that can be included in the group control is, for example, 2 systems at the maximum. The number of patterns that can be controlled by pattern control is, for example, 12 states at the maximum.

  Note that the switch terminal SW describes a configuration for selecting whether to supply power to each system, but when the load Ld is a light emitting device such as a light emitting diode, dimming may be instructed. . The dimming level is notified from the switch terminal SW to the control unit 22, and the control unit 22 adjusts the power supplied to the load Ld of the system corresponding to the switch terminal SW, thereby adjusting the load Ld of the system. Therefore, when not only the on / off in the pattern control but also the dimming level of the load Ld that is on, the on / off information and the dimming level information for each system can be given to the control unit 22. is necessary.

  The operation of the power distribution unit 10 described above is shown in FIG. 5, and the operation of the relay unit 20 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the power supply state monitoring unit 17a of the power distribution unit 10 monitors the energization / power failure of the commercial power supply AC (S1). When a power failure is detected (S1: yes), another device (relay unit 20). The other power distribution unit 10) is notified of a power failure via the communication line Kc (S2). Although not shown, when a power failure is detected, the protector 12 connecting the power supply path Kp without backup is shut off, and the power consumption at the load Ld is suppressed.

  Regardless of whether the commercial power supply AC is energized (S1: no) or a power failure (S1: yes), the power generation monitoring unit 17d determines whether or not the solar power generation device PV is generating power (S3), and further If power generation is in progress (S3: yes), power generated by the solar power generation device PV (monitored by the output voltage of the solar power generation device PV) and power consumed by the load Ld (current passing through the protector 12) To determine whether there is surplus power (S4).

  If there is surplus power (S4: yes), the secondary batteries SC and SC1 are charged with surplus power (S5). In the illustrated example, energization of the protector 12 is instructed after step S5 (S6), but step S6 is necessary when the commercial power supply AC is restored after the commercial power supply AC is cut off and the protector 12 is shut off. It is a process that becomes.

  If the solar power generation device PV is not generating power (S3: no), or if there is no surplus power (S4: no), the capacity monitoring unit 17b determines whether the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC, SC1 is equal to or greater than the energization capacity. Is determined (S7). If the remaining capacity is equal to or greater than the current-carrying capacity (S7: yes), while the remaining capacity exceeds the lower limit capacity (S9: yes), power is supplied to the load Ld by discharging the secondary batteries SC and SC1 (S8). .

  Whether the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is less than the energization capacity in step S7 (S7: no), or when the remaining capacity reaches the lower limit capacity in accordance with the discharge of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 in step S9 (S9: no) It is determined whether or not the commercial power source AC is energized (S10). If the commercial power source AC is energized (S10: yes), power is supplied to the load Ld using the power of the commercial power source AC. Here, if the commercial power supply AC is not energized (S10: no), the power supply control unit 17c shuts off the protector 12 and stops energizing the load Ld (S11), and sets the control unit 17 in the low power consumption mode. (S12). The low power consumption mode means that the minimum function necessary for power recovery is operated while lowering the clock frequency.

  Thereafter, when the commercial power source AC recovers (S13: yes), the protector 12 is turned on and energization to the load Ld is resumed (S14).

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6, while the relay unit 20 is receiving power from the power distribution unit 10 (S21: yes), if no power failure is notified (S22: no), the system selection unit 22a The switch elements 21 of each system are turned on / off according to the operation of the switch provided in the terminal SW (S23).

  On the other hand, when a power failure of the commercial power supply AC is notified from the power distribution unit 10 (S22: yes), the state storage unit 22b stores the on / off state at the time of notification (S24), and controls the load Ld by the switch terminal SW. And only the reserved switch element 21 of the specific system is turned on (S25). Thereafter, if the power reception from the power distribution unit 10 is restored (S26: yes), the process returns to step S21 and the above-described operation is performed.

  When power reception from the power distribution unit 10 is stopped in a state where only the switch element 21 of a specific system is turned on in step S25 (S25: no), the switch elements 21 of all systems are turned off (S28). Thereafter, when the power supply from the power distribution unit 10 is resumed (S29: yes), the power recovery processing unit 22c reads the on / off state from the state storage unit 22b (S30), and the system selection unit 22a switches the switch elements 21 of each system. Is restored (S31).

  By the way, when the power supply from the power distribution unit 20 is stopped without being notified of the power failure in step S21, the switch can be used while the power in the internal circuit can be used by the power storage element included in the power circuit 25 of the relay unit 20. The on / off state of the elements 21 is stored in the state storage unit 22b (S27), and then all the switch elements 21 are blocked by the system selection unit 22a (S28).

  FIG. 7 shows an example of the interlocking operation between the power distribution unit 10 and the relay unit 20. In the illustrated example, the operation when the power generation by the solar power generation device PV is stopped at night and the commercial power source AC is interrupted while the power is supplied from the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is shown.

  Under this condition, even if the commercial power supply AC fails, if the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is equal to or greater than the energization capacity, the relay unit 20 is continuously energized, but only with the secondary batteries SC and SC1. There is a limit to the power that can be supplied. Therefore, in order to suppress power consumption at the load Ld, when a power failure is detected at time t1 as shown in FIG. 7 (a), a power supply path Kp without backup is connected as shown in FIG. 7 (b). One protector 12 is shut off. However, as shown in FIGS. 7C and 7D, the two-line protector 12 with backup is not shut off, and power feeding is continued until the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 reaches the lower limit capacity.

On the other hand, since the relay unit 20 is notified that a power failure has been detected, the relay unit 20 stores the on / off state at this time in the state storage unit 22b, as shown in FIGS. At time t2 after storage, only the switch element 21 of the reserved specific system (in the illustrated example, the system corresponding to FIG. 7A) is turned on. The switch element 21 is turned on at time t2 regardless of the on / off state before time t2.
Thereafter, when the power failure of the commercial power supply AC continues and the remaining capacity of the secondary batteries SC and SC1 reaches the lower limit capacity at time t3, the power distribution unit 10 is connected to all the protectors as shown in FIGS. 12 is cut off.

  Further, in the relay unit 20, when the power supply using the secondary batteries SC and SC1 as the power source is stopped at time t3, the switch elements 21 of all the systems are turned off and stopped as shown in FIGS.

  By the way, when the commercial power source AC is restored at time t4 as shown in FIG. 7A and the power supply from the power distribution unit 10 to the relay unit 20 is resumed as shown in FIG. The on / off state of each switch element 21 before the power failure stored in the storage unit 22b is read, and the on / off state of each switch element 21 is restored to the state at the time of power failure detection as shown in FIGS. Let

  With the above-described operation, even if the commercial power supply AC fails, the power from the secondary batteries SC and SC1 is preferentially supplied to the load Ld for communication and disaster prevention / crime prevention. It becomes possible to restore the on / off state to the state immediately before the power failure.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Power distribution unit 12 Protector 17a Power supply state monitoring part 17b Capacity | capacitance monitoring part 17c Power supply control part 20 Relay unit 21 Switch element 22a System selection part 22b State memory | storage part 22c Power recovery process part AC Commercial power supply Kp Power supply path Ld Load PV Photovoltaic power generation device SC, SC1 secondary battery

Claims (6)

  A power distribution unit that is fed from a commercial power source and a private power generation facility and that supplies DC power of the required voltage to the power supply path to the load, and is inserted into a power supply path between the power distribution unit and the load and branches the power supply path into multiple systems Each system has a relay unit in which a switch element for selecting power supply is inserted. The power distribution unit and the relay unit can communicate with each other, and the power distribution unit detects a power failure and power recovery of the commercial power source. The power supply state monitoring unit and a power supply control unit that supplies DC power from the battery to the power supply path when a power failure is detected by the power state monitoring unit, the relay unit detects a power failure of the commercial power supply Is notified from the power distribution unit by communication, a state storage unit that stores an on / off state of each switch element, a system selection unit that controls on / off of the switch element, When the state monitoring unit is notified by communication from the power distribution unit that the power supply has been restored, an instruction to set the on / off state of each switch element to the on / off state stored in the state storage unit is sent to the system selection unit. A DC power distribution system comprising: a power recovery processing unit for supplying the power.   2. The system selection unit according to claim 1, wherein after the on / off state of the switch element is stored in the state storage unit, the system selection unit turns on only a specific switch element that is a part of the switch element. DC power distribution system.   The relay unit includes a power storage element that is stored with power from the power distribution unit, and when the power supply from the power distribution unit stops, the state storage unit uses each power of the power storage element to stop power supply. 3. The DC power distribution system according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a save function for storing an on / off state.   4. The DC power distribution according to claim 3, wherein the state storage unit does not use the evacuation function when the time when the power supply from the power distribution unit is stopped is a period from a power failure of the commercial power source to a power recovery. system.   The power recovery processing unit turns on each switch element when there are a plurality of switch elements to be turned on in the on / off state stored in the state storage unit when the power supply from the power distribution unit is resumed. The DC power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a time difference is provided at a timing of the direct current distribution.   The private power generation facility is a solar power generation device, the battery is a secondary battery charged by the solar power generation device, and the power supply control unit is configured so that the protector can be operated by reducing a remaining capacity of the secondary battery. When the power generation of the solar power generation device is resumed after the interruption of the commercial power supply after being shut off, the secondary battery is charged by the solar power generation device, and the remaining capacity of the secondary battery is reduced to the lower limit. The DC power distribution system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the protector restarts energization to the load after reaching a specified energization capacity larger than the capacity.

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