JP2010509139A - Container for transporting and storing hazardous materials and method for manufacturing the container - Google Patents

Abstract

【Task】
[Solution]
A container for transporting and storing hazardous materials such as chlorine includes a cylindrical body with an end cap. The end cap is welded to the body to form a pressure vessel. The end cap has a recessed peripheral edge with respect to the end of the body to protect the weld from damage due to impact. The structure of the juxtaposed components forms a lap joint that can be attached together with fillet welds.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  This patent application claims priority to US Provisional Application No. 60 / 864,081, filed Nov. 2, 2006.

  The present invention relates to a pressurized transport container, and more particularly to a container for transporting and storing pressurized hazardous materials.

  Containers used to store toxic or hazardous chemicals are well known in the art. Over the years, manufacturers and users of various chemicals have purchased containers to transport and store these materials. Some of the chemicals stored in these containers include chlorine, sulfur dioxide as well as many other chemicals. Although these materials are useful for their intended purpose, it is understood that they can be dangerous if in contact with humans in certain situations.

  One type of container for transporting hazardous materials is a multi-unit tank truck. The container can be sized and formed to store a specific amount of chemical for transport. Generally, this type of container is formed from carbon steel. For safety purposes, some features such as wall thickness and material type may be regulated by government regulations related to containers for handling hazardous materials. In general, containers are extremely durable and have a useful life of many years or decades. Durability is important to ensure longevity for safe storage of these materials.

  The need for this type of container may be reduced because more containers are manufactured and the lifetime of these containers is relatively long. Therefore, it is important to be able to compete in the industry with good cost effectiveness. What is needed is a container for storing hazardous materials, and a method for forming containers that reduce costs while maintaining the standards upon which these containers must be made.

  In one embodiment, the present invention includes a method of forming a welded pressure vessel, the method providing a generally cylindrical body having an end portion, the end portion having a peripheral lip, and a peripheral Providing at least one first end member having an edge, the first end member having a convex structure, i.e. convex to the pressure side of the container, inside the peripheral lip of the cylindrical body Positioning the peripheral edge of the one end member, forming a lap joint, and welding the peripheral edge of the first end member to the peripheral lip of the cylindrical body.

  One aspect of a method of forming a welded pressure vessel includes positioning the first end member such that the convex portion of the first end member faces the interior of the generally cylindrical body.

  Another aspect of a method of forming a welded pressure vessel is the step of providing a generally cylindrical body having an end portion, the end portion having a peripheral lip, the peripheral lip being a cylindrical body. Including bending in the direction of the centerline axis.

  Yet another aspect of the method of forming a welded pressure vessel is fillet welding a lap joint that forms a weld on the inner periphery of the edge chime between the cylindrical body and the end member. including.

  Yet another aspect of a method for constructing a welded pressure vessel is to provide a generally cylindrical body having an end portion, the end portion having a peripheral lip, and the body formed from 516 grade 70 carbon steel. Including being done.

  Yet another aspect of a method for constructing a welded pressure vessel includes providing a safety relief device and attaching the safety relief device to at least one first end member.

によって計算できる。 In another embodiment of the present invention, a transport container for transporting an associated pressurized material includes a generally tubular body having an interior surface and a centerline axis, with a first end member at the distal end of the body and A second end member is fixedly attached. At least one first valve for transferring the relevant material to the shipping container is included. The thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are
P is the container operating pressure,
S is the allowable stress of the container material,
R is the distance from the centerline axis to the inner surface,
If t is the thickness of the tubular body, then the formula

Can be calculated by

によって関係づけられる。 In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the first end member and the second end member are welded to the body, and the minimum thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are:
P is the container operating pressure,
S is the allowable stress of the container material,
E is the welding joint efficiency,
R is the inner radius of the body,
If t is the minimum thickness of the body, the formula

Is related by

  In yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the maximum operating pressure is substantially 350 PSI, more specifically 342 PSI or less.

  In yet another aspect of embodiments of the present invention, the minimum thickness of the shell is substantially 0.276 inches.

  In another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the body is formed from ASME SA-516 grade 70 carbon steel.

  In yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the body is rolled into a generally cylindrical container having a longitudinal seam, and the longitudinal seam is fused. Furthermore, the first end member and the second end member may be curved, and the orientation of the first end member and the second end member is convex with respect to the operating pressure in the container, and the first end member and the second end member The member is welded to the main body.

  In yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the first end member and the second end member each form a lap joint with the distal end of the body.

で関係づけられる。 In another embodiment, a transport container for carrying an associated pressurized dangerous substance has a generally tubular body having a first end member and a second end member welded to the distal end of the body; At least one first valve for adding fluid to the pressurized shipping container, wherein the minimum thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are:
P is the container operating pressure,
S is the allowable stress of the container material,
E is the welding joint efficiency,
R is the inner radius of the body,
If t is the minimum thickness of the body, the formula

Are related.

と、少なくとも１つの第２式

との組合せで関係づけられる。 In one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the minimum thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are:
P is the container operating pressure,
S is the allowable stress of the container material,
E is the welding joint efficiency,
R is the inner radius of the body,
When t is the minimum thickness of the main body,

And at least one second equation

It is related with the combination.

  In another aspect of embodiments of the present invention, the first formula and the at least one second formula define a range of body thicknesses for a given operating pressure.

In yet another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the first end member and the second end member is:
P is the container operating pressure,
S is the allowable stress of the material,
E is the welding joint efficiency,
t ₁ is the minimum thickness of the first end member and the second end member;
M is a scalar factor,
Let L ₀ be the radius of curvature of the first end member and the second end member, provided that the radius of curvature L ₀ is in the range of 27 inches to 33 inches.
P = ((2 × S × E × t ₁ ) / (M × L _o ) -t ₁ (M-0.2)) / 1.67
It can be calculated with

1 is a perspective view of a container for storing hazardous materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cut side view showing components of a container for storing hazardous materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a partially cut side view of a container for storing hazardous materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  Referring now to the drawings, which are for purposes of illustrating embodiments of the invention only and are not intended to limit the same, FIG. 1 shows a transport and storage container generally designated 1. . The container 1 can be configured to contain one or more of a plurality of substances. In one embodiment, the material may be a hazardous material or a chemical such as chlorine, sulfur dioxide, anhydrous ammonia or other hazardous material. In general, this type of container is configured to contain 2000 pounds of chlorine. As such, the expression “ton container” was created to indicate this type of container. The container 1 can be made as a substantially cylindrical container as shown in the figure. In this way, the main body 3 of the storage container 1 may be curved around the central axis X and can have a circular cut. The container 1 can also include end walls or end members 6. The end member 6 can be attached to the main body 3 so that the container 1 can be pressurized when transporting and storing dangerous substances. In one embodiment, the end member 6 can be welded to the body 3 as further described in the following paragraphs. Thus, the container 1 can also include one or more valves 15, which can be operating valves 15 '. The valve 15 may be any type of valve that is suitable for use in storing pressurized hazardous materials. The valve 15 can be used to fill the container 1 as desired and / or empty the material contained in the container 1. In addition, other devices, which may be safety relief devices 17, can be used to provide pressure relief in the event of overpressure. Furthermore, any method of using the valve 15 and / or the safety relief device 17 can be chosen as appropriate for use in embodiments of the present invention.

With continued reference to FIG. 1, the main body 3 or the shell can be formed from a rolled steel sheet into a right cylindrical structure. In one embodiment, the body 3 or shell 3 may have a minimum thickness of 0.276 inches and may have a length within the nominal range of 80 3/4 inches and 89 1/4 inches. it can. In another embodiment, it is contemplated that the container length range can extend substantially from 50 inches to 125 inches. When rolled, D. That is, the inner diameter may be in the range of 25 to 35 inches, but may be about 29 1/4 inches. Further, the type of steel used to form the body 3 may be ASME SA-516 grade 70 carbon steel. However, other grades of steel may be used, subject to appropriate regulatory restrictions or exemptions, including but not limited to Federal Regulations Title 49. The minimum thickness of the body 3 is that P is the operating pressure of the container 1, S is the allowable stress of the material, E is the efficiency of the weld joint, R _S is the inner radius of the container 1, and t is Assuming that the minimum thickness of the shell is
P = (2 × S × E × t) / (R _s -0.4t)
Can be calculated based on In one embodiment, the operating pressure may be substantially 350 PSI. However, the operating pressure is not substantially limited to 342 PSI, but can include or be selected as appropriate for use in embodiments of the present invention. It will be readily appreciated that the thickness t can be calculated for one or more grades and / or types of shell material given the inner diameter and the efficiency of the weld joint being equal to one. Other embodiments may include equations similar to, but not limited to:
P = (S × E × t) / (R _s + 0.6t)
When the shell 3 of the container 1 reaches a minimum thickness, it should be construed that the equations listed so far may be considered together.

The minimum thickness of the end member 6 is that P is the operating pressure of the container 1, S is the allowable stress of the material, E is the efficiency of the welding joint, and t is the minimum of the end member after the end member is formed. Thickness, where M is a scalar factor, which may be based at least in part on the inner crown radius L ₀ and the knuckle radius r _k of the end member, and L ₀ is the radius of the crown. And the following formula
P = ((2 × S × E × t) / (M × L _o ) -t (M-0.2)) / 1.67
Can be calculated based on In one embodiment, the crown radius L ₀ may be substantially 29.9 inches. The radius of the crown may be in the range of 27 inches to 33 inches. However, other radii for the crown can be chosen with reasonable engineering judgment. Other embodiments are not limited to the following, where B is a scalar factor, R ₀ is the outer radius of the end member 6, and t is the minimum thickness of the end member after the end member is formed. May include similar expressions.
P = B / (R _o / t)
Similarly, when the minimum thickness of the end member 6 of the container 1 is reached, it should be construed that the equations listed so far may be considered together. When the steel body 3 is formed into a cylinder, the seam 7 can be fused together by welding to join the sides of the body 3. In one embodiment, the seam can be forged. In another embodiment, the seam 7 can be fused. More particularly, the welded joint may be a double weld butt joint. After the container 1 is formed, post-welding processing such as stress removal processing may be performed.

  With continued reference to FIG. 1 and then with reference to FIG. 2, the end member 6, also referred to as the head, can be formed of the same type of material as the body 3, namely SA-516 grade 70 carbon steel. However, the end member 6 may be thicker than the main body 3. In one embodiment, the thickness may nominally be about 0.8125 inches. The minimum thickness may be 0.6875 inches (11/16 inches). However, any thickness greater than the minimum thickness can be chosen with reasonable judgment as suitable for use in embodiments of the present invention. The end member 6 can be made in the shape of a disc or plate having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the main body 3. This is necessary because the contact between the body 3 and the end member 6 is fused to form a pressurized container, which will be described in detail below. The end member 6 can be curved at its respective central portion 9, thereby having a dome shape with a corresponding radius. When positioned in the main body 3, the curved portion of the end member 6 may be convex with respect to the pressure in the container 1. This can be used as a safety mechanism for reducing the pressure in the container 1. If the pressure in the container 1 increases to a certain threshold, the central part 9 of the end member 6 can be reversed so that the central part 9 is concave with respect to the pressure. It will be appreciated that the inverted end member 6 increases the overall volume of the container 1 and thereby reduces the pressure in the container 1. Here, it should be noted that the container 1 may include two end members 6, each of which is disposed at the distal end of the body 3. Each end member 6 can be inserted convexly with respect to the pressure or convexly with respect to the inside of the container 1. The end member 6 can also include a peripheral edge 8 that extends substantially parallel to the centerline C of the end member 6. Since the end member 6 is substantially circular, the O.D. D. That is, the outer diameter is the I.D. D. It can correspond to. In one embodiment, the end member 6 is welded to the I.D. D. It may fit snugly inside.

  With continued reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the end member 6 can be positioned inside the body 3 such that the peripheral edge 8 is caught against the peripheral lip 4. In this way, the peripheral edge 8 and the peripheral lip 4 can be juxtaposed to create a lap joint or fillet lap joint structure. As described above, the end member 6 can be welded to the main body 3. In particular, the peripheral edge 8 can be welded to the peripheral lip 4 of the body 3. It should be noted that the weld joint 11 is made at a position opposite the outer surface of the body 3. That is, the weld joint is not exposed to external damage that may result from collisions with other objects. These components can be welded using an underwater arc procedure that is suitable for use with carbon steel materials. However, lap joints can also be welded using shielded gas welding or any other welding process chosen with reasonable engineering judgment.

  Continuing to refer to FIG. 2, and then referring to FIG. 3, after the container structural components 3 and 6 have been attached to each other, a chiming is performed to further protect the welded joint. The end 5 of the body may be tapered inwardly toward the central axis X in a process known as. The peripheral edge 8 may have a pre-edge contour that is substantially parallel to the body 3. However, it should be construed that there may be any configuration at the peripheral edge to make it suitable for use in forming the container 1.

  With continued reference to all of the figures, the process of forming the container 1 will now be described. The container 1 can be formed by rolling a flat steel plate into a right cylindrical main body having an opening at the distal end of the main body. The longitudinal joint of the cylindrical body may then be welded and subsequently stress relieved if necessary. Then, the first end member and the second end member, each having a convex structure with respect to the inside of the main body, can be inserted into the respective end portions of the main body. The end member can then be juxtaposed to the peripheral lip of the body such that the peripheral edge and lip of the end member form a fillet lap joint within the body cavity. The joint can then be welded and the components, i.e., the end member and body interface, sealed to be suitable for container pressurization. At any point in the process of forming the container, to puncture the components of the container and use it to receive valves, plugs or any other suitable for use in containers that store pressurized dangerous goods You can cut the screw.

  The present invention has been described herein with reference to preferred embodiments. Obviously, modifications and changes will occur to others upon reading and understanding this specification. It is intended that the present invention include all such modifications and changes as long as they fall within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (20)

A transport container for transporting the associated pressurized material,
A generally tubular body having an inner surface and a centerline axis;
A first end member and a second end member fixedly attached to a distal end of the body;
At least one first valve for transferring the relevant substance to the transport container;
The thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are
P is the operating pressure of the container,
S is the allowable stress of the material of the container,
R is the distance from the centerline axis to the inner surface;
If t is the thickness of the tubular body, the formula

Shipping container calculated in. The first end member and the second end member are welded to the main body, and the minimum thickness of the main body and the operating pressure of the transport container are:
P is the operating pressure of the container,
S is the allowable stress of the material of the container,
E is the efficiency of the weld joint,
R is the inner radius of the body;
If t is the minimum thickness of the body, the formula

The shipping container according to claim 1, which is related by   A shipping container according to claim 2, wherein the maximum operating pressure is substantially 350 PSI.   3. A shipping container according to claim 2, wherein the maximum operating pressure is substantially below 342 PSI.   The shipping container of claim 2 wherein the minimum thickness of the shell is substantially 0.276 inches.   The shipping container of claim 2, wherein the body is formed from ASME SA-516 grade 70 carbon steel.   3. A shipping container according to claim 2, wherein the body is rolled into a substantially cylindrical container having a longitudinal seam, and the longitudinal seam is fused.   The transportation according to claim 2, wherein the first end member and the second end member are generally curved, and the directions of the first end member and the second end member are convex with respect to the operating pressure in the container. container.   The transport container according to claim 8, wherein the first end member and the second end member are welded to the main body.   The transport container of claim 9, wherein the first end member and the second end member each form a lap joint with the distal end of the body. A transport container for transporting the associated pressurized hazardous material,
A generally tubular body;
A first end member and a second end member welded to a distal end of the body;
At least one first valve for applying fluid to the pressurized transport container;
The minimum thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are:
P is the operating pressure of the container,
S is the allowable stress of the material of the container,
E is the efficiency of the weld joint,
R is the inner radius of the body;
If t is the minimum thickness of the body, the formula

Shipping container related by. The minimum thickness of the body and the operating pressure of the shipping container are:
P is the operating pressure of the container,
S is the allowable stress of the material of the container,
E is the efficiency of the weld joint,
R is the inner radius of the body;
If t is the minimum thickness of the body, the first formula

And at least one second equation

The shipping container according to claim 11, which is related in combination.   13. A shipping container according to claim 12, wherein the first formula and the at least one second formula define a range of body thicknesses for a given operating pressure.   13. A shipping container according to claim 12, wherein the maximum operating pressure is substantially less than or equal to 342 PSI.   The shipping container of claim 12, wherein the minimum thickness of the shell is substantially 0.276 inches. The first end member and the second end member are generally curved with a certain radius of curvature;
The transport container according to claim 12, wherein the first end member and the second end member are fused to the main body.   The shipping container of claim 16, wherein the first end member and the second end member are each positioned within the body at a distal end forming a lap joint.   The transport container according to claim 16, wherein the first end member and the second end member are convex with respect to an operating pressure of the transport container. The thickness of the first end member and the second end member is
P is the operating pressure of the container,
S is the allowable stress of the material,
E is the efficiency of the weld joint,
t ₁ is the minimum thickness of the first and second end members;
M is a scalar factor,
When L ₀ is the radius of curvature of the first and second end members,
P = ((2 × S × E × t 1) / (M × L o) -t 1 (M-0.2)) / 1.67
19. A shipping container according to claim 18 calculated by: Transport container according to claim 19 wherein the radius of curvature L ₀ is in the range of up to 33 inches to 27 inches.

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