JP2010183741A - Armature - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an armature for improving overall energy efficiency of a rotating electrical machine by improving a space factor of a coil while devising a material constituting a conductor of the coil for reduced eddy current loss. <P>SOLUTION: An armature 7 includes a core 11 having a plurality of slots 12 and a coil wound on the slot 12, and faces a field 3 that generates a magnetic field to constitute a rotating electrical machine 1 together with the field. A plurality of linear conductors each constituting the coil are arranged side by side in the depth direction of the slots 12. The linear conductor arranged at a position closest to the field 3 in the depth direction of the slot 12 is used as a proximity conductor 31. The linear conductor arranged at a position further away from the field 3 than the proximity conductor 31 is used as a separate conductor 32. Here, the proximity conductor 31 is made of the material whose resistivity is higher than that of the material constituting the separate conductor 32. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature that is disposed opposite to a field that generates a magnetic field and constitutes a rotating electric machine together with the field.

  In general, a rotating electrical machine used as a motor (electric motor), a generator (generator) or the like is required to have a smaller physique and a larger output. Therefore, increasing the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine is one of important issues. Here, as a technique for increasing the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine, for example, a technique for improving the space factor of the coil in the armature of the rotating electrical machine has been conventionally known.

  In order to improve the space factor of the coil, for example, it is conceivable that the coil is configured using a conductor having a substantially rectangular cross section perpendicular to the energization direction in the slot. When a coil is formed by bundling thin wire conductors, gaps are formed between the thin wires and the space factor of the coil is reduced, so that this is suppressed by using a conductor having a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape. It is. The following Patent Documents 1 to 3 describe a rotating electrical machine including a stator having a coil configured using a rectangular conductor having a substantially rectangular cross section. In these rotating electrical machines, the output is improved by increasing the ampere turn per unit cross-sectional area by improving the space factor.

  Here, regarding the material constituting the conductor forming the coil, the stator coil described in Patent Document 1 uses copper. Since copper has a relatively small resistivity as its physical property value, if copper is used as the material constituting the conductor, Joule heat generated when a drive current for driving the rotating electrical machine is passed through the coil is generated. It can be kept small. Therefore, energy loss can be suppressed to a low level. Therefore, in general, the conductor is often made of copper.

  The stator coil described in Patent Document 2 uses aluminum. Since aluminum has a relatively small density as its physical property value, if the material constituting the conductor is aluminum, the weight of the coil can be reduced, and the overall weight of the rotating electrical machine can be reduced. Further, since aluminum does not precipitate a conductive compound even when corroded, it is possible to prevent a short circuit between the coils due to the progress of coil corrosion. For this reason, in general, the conductor is often made of aluminum.

  In the stator coil described in Patent Document 3, copper and aluminum are used. According to the description in Patent Document 3, the vibration is large and the earthquake resistance is required when considering the use state of the rotating electrical machine in order to improve the earthquake resistance while reducing the weight of the coil and preventing the short circuit due to the corrosion. The material constituting the conductor of the part is copper, and the material constituting the conductor of the other part is aluminum.

JP 2008-104293 A JP 2008-167567 A JP 2007-020302 A

  However, when a coil composed of a rectangular conductor having a substantially rectangular cross section is used for the purpose of improving the space factor of the coil, the length of each side of one rectangular conductor is increased. Therefore, for example, the surface area of one conductor facing the rotor as a field becomes large as compared with a case where a conductor configured by bundling thin wires is used. Therefore, when the rotor rotates, the generated eddy current easily flows on the surface on the rotor side due to the change of the magnetic field from the permanent magnet or the like. As a result, there is a problem that eddy current loss increases and the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine may decrease instead.

  In addition, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, the material constituting the conductor forming the coil is appropriately selected according to each purpose, and further described in Patent Document 3. As described above, a coil is also formed by combining conductors made of different materials and connecting them together. However, when selecting the material constituting the conductor, it has been hardly considered that the physical properties of the material constituting the conductor affect the energy loss due to the eddy current generated on the coil surface.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an electric machine capable of reducing eddy current loss by devising a material constituting a conductor forming a coil while improving the space factor of the coil. The purpose is to provide children. Moreover, it aims at providing the armature which can improve the energy efficiency of a rotary electric machine comprehensively.

  In order to achieve this object, the present invention comprises a core having a plurality of slots distributed in the circumferential direction according to the present invention, and a coil wound around the slot, and is disposed opposite to a field that generates a magnetic field. The characteristic configuration of the armature that constitutes the rotating electric machine together with the field magnet is that the slot has a predetermined depth in a direction away from the surface facing the core in the field magnet, and the linear conductor forming the coil Are arranged in a row so as to be aligned in the depth direction of the slot, and the linear conductor disposed at a position closest to the field in the depth direction in the slot as a proximity conductor, When the linear conductor arranged at a position farther from the field than the neighboring conductor is a separated conductor, the neighboring conductor is made of a material having a higher resistivity than the material constituting the separated conductor. Located in.

In the present application, the “rotary electric machine” is used as a concept including any of a motor (electric motor), a generator (generator), and a motor / generator functioning as both a motor and a generator as necessary.
Further, the “circumferential direction” represents a rotating direction around the central axis of the rotating electrical machine.

According to the above characteristic configuration, by arranging the linear conductors in the slot, the gap portion in the slot can be reduced, and the space factor of the coil can be improved.
However, if the linear conductors are arranged in the slots, a certain amount of circumferential width and depth width are required, and accordingly, the surface area of the linear conductor facing the field becomes relatively large. . Therefore, eddy current tends to flow on the surface on the field side due to a change in the magnetic field from the field.
By the way, this eddy current is generated on the surface of the linear conductor closest to the field in the depth direction in the slot. Therefore, it can be said that the influence which the physical property of the material which comprises the linear conductor in the said position has on the generation of eddy current is very large. Here, since the magnitude of the eddy current loss is inversely proportional to the resistivity, the coil constituting the proximity conductor is made a material having a higher resistivity than the material constituting the separated conductor as in this configuration, so that the coil Compared with the case where the entirety is made of only the material constituting the separated conductor, generation of eddy current can be suppressed and eddy current loss can be reduced.
Therefore, eddy current loss can be reduced while improving the space factor of the coil.

  On the other hand, the generation of eddy current hardly poses a problem in a separated conductor behind the adjacent conductor in the depth direction when viewed from the field side in the slot. In such a separated conductor, Joule heat generated when a drive current for driving the rotating electrical machine is supplied to the coil is a major cause of energy loss. In this regard, in the above configuration, since the material constituting the separated conductor is a material having a lower resistivity than the material constituting the adjacent conductor, the entire coil is compared with the case where only the material constituting the adjacent conductor is configured. Thus, the Joule heat generated when a drive current is passed through the coil can be kept small.

  From the above, it is possible to reduce the eddy current loss in the adjacent conductor on the field side in the depth direction in the slot and to suppress the generation of Joule heat in the separated conductor on the opposite field side. Thus, an armature that can improve the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine can be provided.

  Here, it is preferable that only one of the proximity conductor and the separation conductor is arranged in the circumferential direction in each slot.

  In this configuration, since the circumferential width of the linear conductor forming the coil can be freely set within the range of the circumferential width of the slot, the surface area on the field side of the linear conductor is increased and eddy current is generated. It becomes easy to do. Therefore, the eddy current loss can be effectively reduced by applying the present invention to the armature configured as described above.

  In addition, it is preferable that the proximity conductor and the separation conductor are configured by a single square line having a circumferential width substantially equal to the circumferential width of the slot.

In this configuration, since the surface area on the field side of the linear conductor forming the coil increases according to the circumferential width of the slot, an eddy current is more likely to occur. Therefore, by applying the present invention to the armature configured as described above, eddy current loss can be reduced particularly effectively.
In the above configuration, the coil space factor can be maximized in relation to the circumferential width of the slot of the core, and the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine can be further improved.

  Further, it is preferable that the cross-sectional area of the surface perpendicular to the energizing direction of the adjacent conductor is set to be larger than the cross-sectional area of the surface orthogonal to the energizing direction of the separated conductor.

According to this configuration, it is possible to reduce the electrical resistance value per unit length of the adjacent conductor, which tends to increase due to the configuration made of a material having a relatively high resistivity. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of inconveniences such as excessive Joule heat generated in the adjacent conductor and excessive heating of the adjacent conductor.
In this case, if the cross-sectional areas of the adjacent conductor and the separated conductor are set so that the electric resistance values per unit length are equal, the amount of heat generated by Joule heat is made uniform over the entire coil. This is preferable.

  Further, it is preferable that the material constituting the proximity conductor is aluminum and the material constituting the separated conductor is copper.

  Note that “aluminum” means not only pure aluminum but also a material containing a trace amount of an aluminum compound, impurities, and the like. In addition, “aluminum” includes aluminum alloys. Similarly, “copper” means not only pure copper, but also copper containing a trace amount of a copper compound, impurities, and the like. In addition, “copper” includes a copper alloy.

According to this configuration, the separated conductor and the proximity conductor can be appropriately configured using copper and aluminum having a higher resistivity than copper. Therefore, an aluminum linear conductor that is to be arranged on the field side in the depth direction in the slot effectively reduces eddy current loss and is a copper wire that is arranged on the opposite field side. In the conductor, the generation of Joule heat can be suppressed. In addition, since all can implement | achieve the characteristic structure of this invention using copper and aluminum which can be obtained cheaply, it is very advantageous also in terms of cost.
Further, by using aluminum having a relatively low density among metals for a part of the linear conductor forming the coil, it is possible to reduce the weight of the coil and the entire armature.

  The core has a plurality of slots extending in the axial direction and is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the coil is disposed in a different slot from the coil side portion disposed in the slot. A plurality of coil side portions alternately arranged between the coil end portion on one axial side and the coil end portion on the other axial side. The coil side portions arranged in the same slot are formed in a waveform that circulates in the circumferential direction of the core by connecting to the core and is arranged in the same slot in a radial direction while circulating in the circumferential direction of the core a plurality of times. A configuration in which they are sequentially shifted is preferable.

  Here, the directions of “axial direction”, “radial direction”, and “circumferential direction” are determined based on a cylindrical core, and “axial direction” is a direction along the central axis of the core, The “radial direction” represents a direction perpendicular to the direction (axial direction) along the central axis of the core, and the “circumferential direction” represents a circumferential direction around the central axis of the core.

The configuration described above is particularly effective when applied to an armature for an inner rotor type and outer rotor type rotating electrical machine that includes a cylindrical core in which a plurality of slots extending in the axial direction are distributed in the circumferential direction. It is.
According to this configuration, a plurality of coil sides arranged in the radial direction in each slot can be configured as one continuous linear conducting wire. Therefore, even if it is a case where the said one continuous linear conducting wire is comprised with a proximity conductor and a separation conductor, the connection location between a proximity conductor and a separation conductor can be only one place. Therefore, it is possible to provide an armature that can improve the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine as a whole without complicating the manufacturing process.

  The characteristic configuration of the vehicle drive device according to the present invention includes a rotating electrical machine having the armature described so far, and includes a power transmission mechanism in which the rotation of the rotating electrical machine is decelerated and transmitted to the wheels. It is in.

The rotating electric machine having the armature described so far has a high energy efficiency particularly in the middle to high rotation range as compared with the rotating electric machine having the armature whose entire coil is configured by using a single material. Realize. Therefore, the armature described so far can be effectively applied to a rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle that is often used in such a region.
Furthermore, in a vehicle drive device provided with a power transmission mechanism in which the rotation of a rotating electrical machine is decelerated and driven and connected to a wheel, the rotating electrical machine may be used in a further middle to high rotation range (especially a high rotation range). Therefore, the rotating electrical machine having the armature described so far can be particularly effectively applied to the vehicle drive device having the above-described configuration.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the rotary electric machine which concerns on this embodiment. It is an axial sectional view of the stator concerning this embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the stator which concerns on this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the coil of the stator which concerns on this embodiment. It is a schematic diagram which shows the outline of the drive device which concerns on this embodiment. It is a figure which shows the use area | region of the rotary electric machine which concerns on this embodiment. It is the graph which compared and showed the energy loss in the maximum torque area | region. It is the graph which compared and showed the energy loss in a high frequency driving | running | working area | region. It is the graph which compared and showed the energy loss in a high-speed steady driving | running | working area | region. It is sectional drawing of the surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the stator which concerns on other embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the stator which concerns on other embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the surface orthogonal to the axial direction of the stator which concerns on other embodiment. It is an axial sectional view of a stator concerning other embodiments.

  An embodiment of an armature according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the present embodiment, the case where the armature according to the present invention is applied to the stator 7 of the rotating electrical machine 1 will be described as an example. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a rotating electrical machine 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in this figure, a rotating electrical machine 1 according to this embodiment includes a stator 7 in which a coil 21 is wound around a substantially cylindrical stator core 11 and a rotor that is rotatably supported on the radially inner side of the stator 7. 3 is provided. That is, the rotating electrical machine 1 in this embodiment is an inner rotor type rotating electrical machine including a stator 7 as an armature. The stator 7 according to the present embodiment uses two materials having different resistivities so as to reduce the eddy current loss while improving the space factor of the coil 21 in the slot 12 of the stator core 11. A linear conductor is used, and the coil 21 is configured by combining them. Hereinafter, the configuration of each part of the rotating electrical machine 1 will be described in detail.

1. Configuration of Rotor As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the rotor 3 includes a substantially cylindrical rotor core 4 and a permanent magnet 5. Although not shown, the rotor 3 includes a rotor shaft fixed so as to rotate integrally with the rotor core 4, and this rotor shaft is rotatably supported by a case (not shown). Accordingly, the rotor 3 is supported on the inner side in the radial direction of the stator 7 so as to be rotatable with respect to the stator 7. The rotor core 4 is configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates. Here, the rotor core 4 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by laminating a plurality of substantially annular plate-shaped electromagnetic steel plates.

  The rotor core 4 has magnet insertion portions formed at a plurality of locations at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and permanent magnets 5 are inserted and fixed to the magnet insertion portions. In the illustrated example, the permanent magnet 5 is arranged so as to be embedded in a magnet insertion portion formed of a hollow portion formed inside the rotor core 3. The permanent magnets 5 are arranged so that the direction of the magnetic field with respect to the stator 7 is alternately opposite along the circumferential direction of the rotor 3. In other words, the permanent magnets 5 are arranged so that N poles and S poles appear alternately along the circumferential direction of the rotor 3 when viewed from the outside in the radial direction of the rotor 3. In the present embodiment, the rotor 3 corresponds to the “field” in the present invention.

2. Configuration of Stator The stator 7 is disposed to face the rotor 3 and constitutes the rotating electrical machine 1 together with the rotor 3. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the stator 7 includes a stator core 11 having a plurality of slots 12 distributed in the circumferential direction, and a coil 21 wound around the slots 12. In the present embodiment, the stator core 11 has a plurality of slots 12 extending in the axial direction and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. The stator core 11 is configured by laminating a plurality of electromagnetic steel plates. Here, the stator core 11 is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape by laminating a plurality of substantially annular plate-shaped electromagnetic steel plates. The plurality of slots 12 are provided at predetermined intervals along the circumferential direction of the stator core 11. In the present embodiment, the stator core 11 is provided with a total of 48 slots 12 on the entire circumference thereof. In the present embodiment, the stator core 11 corresponds to a “core” in the present invention.

  Each slot 12 has the same cross-sectional shape and has a predetermined width. Each slot 12 is formed to have a predetermined depth in a direction away from the surface 4 a facing the stator core 11 in the rotor core 4. In the present invention, the direction away from the facing surface 4a of the rotor core 4 with respect to the stator core 11 is defined as the “depth direction”. In the present embodiment, since the stator core 11 has a plurality of slots 12 extending in the axial direction and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape, the depth direction of the slots 12 coincides with the radial direction.

  In each slot 12, a plurality of linear conductors forming the coil 21 are arranged so as to be aligned in the depth direction of the slot 12. Here, the “alignment arrangement” means that the linear conductors forming the coil 21 are arranged in order in a predetermined position adjacent to each other in the width direction (circumferential direction) and the depth direction (radial direction) of the slot 12. It means the state. At this time, a plurality of linear conductors are always aligned in the depth direction (radial direction) of the slot 12, but one or more linear conductors are arranged in the width direction (circumferential direction) of the slot 12. Can be aligned. Thus, by arranging the linear conductors in the slots 12, the gaps in the slots 12 are reduced, and the space factor of the coil 21 is improved. In the present embodiment, only one linear conductor forming the coil 21 is arranged in each slot 12 in the width direction (circumferential direction). Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, four linear conductors are arranged in a row in the depth direction (radial direction) in each slot 12.

  Here, a linear conductor disposed at a position closest to the rotor 3 as a field magnet at least in the depth direction in the slot 12 is defined as the proximity conductor 31. In the stator 7 provided in the inner rotor type rotating electrical machine 1 as in the present embodiment, the linear conductor disposed at least on the innermost circumferential side in the radial direction is the proximity conductor 31. In addition, a linear conductor arranged at a position farther from the rotor 3 as a field than the adjacent conductor 31 in the depth direction in the slot 12 is a separated conductor 32. In the stator 7 provided in the inner rotor type rotating electrical machine 1 as in the present embodiment, the linear conductor disposed at a position on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction with respect to the adjacent conductor 31 is the separation conductor 32. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, one linear conductor disposed in the radially innermost side in each slot 12 is set as the proximity conductor 31 and is disposed on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction. The three linear conductors are separated conductors 32. The proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are configured using different materials. Details will be described later.

  The stator 7 includes a plurality of coils 21 having different phases. In the present embodiment, the stator 7 is a stator used in the rotating electrical machine 1 driven by a three-phase alternating current, and includes a three-phase coil 21 of U phase, V phase, and W phase. Each phase coil 21 is formed using a linear conductor. In this embodiment, the linear conductor which comprises the coil 21 is comprised by the single square wire. Further, in this example, the circumferential width of the rectangular wire constituting the linear conducting wire is formed to be substantially equal to the circumferential width of the slot 12. More specifically, the circumferential width of the linear conductor is determined based on the precondition that the coil 21 formed using the linear conductor can be physically inserted into the slot 12. It is set to a value approximately equal to the direction width. The surface of the linear conductor is covered with an insulating film made of resin or the like.

  Each phase coil 21 is formed in a predetermined shape. In this embodiment, the coil 21 of each phase is formed in a substantially cylindrical wave shape as a whole as shown in FIG. Each coil 21 includes a coil side portion 22 disposed in the slot 12, and a coil end portion 23 that connects a pair of coil side portions 22 disposed in different slots 12 at both axial ends of the stator core 11. It is equipped with. The coil side portion 22 is formed in a linear shape so as to extend along the axial direction corresponding to the shape of the slot 12. The coil end portion 23 is formed so as to extend along the circumferential direction by connecting a pair of coil side portions 22 arranged in different slots 12. As shown in FIG. 1, each coil end portion 23 is disposed so as to protrude from both axial end portions of the stator core 11 in the axial direction of the stator core 11. As shown in FIG. 4, the coil 21 extends in the axial direction so that the coil side portions 22 sequentially disposed in the plurality of slots 22 are connected to the coil end portion 23 on the one axial side and the coil end portion 23 on the other axial side. The coil ends 23 are alternately connected to form a waveform that circulates in the circumferential direction of the stator core 11. As described above, the coils 21 of the respective phases are formed in advance so as to have a shape that is wound around the stator core 11 by wave winding in a state in which the coil side portions 22 are respectively disposed in the corresponding slots 12. .

  In the present embodiment, the coil 21 is formed as a set of two coil side portions 22 arranged in the same slot 12. The set of two coil side portions 22 is formed by circulating one continuous linear conductor in the circumferential direction of the stator core 11. In addition, two sets of two coil side portions 22 constituting the in-phase coil 21 are arranged in parallel in the circumferential direction so as to be arranged in the slots 12 adjacent to each other. The two sets of coil side portions 22 are connected so as to be continuous at a predetermined position of the coil end portion 23. Therefore, the coil 21 shown in FIG. 4 is formed by four rounds of a continuous linear conductor in the circumferential direction of the stator core 11. At that time, the coil side portions 22 arranged in the same slot 12 are arranged so as to be sequentially shifted radially inward in the slot 12 while circulating around the circumferential direction of the stator core 11 a plurality of times. . In this example, in the first round and the second round, the coil side portions 22 are arranged radially outward in the slots 12 adjacent to each other, and in the third round and the fourth round, the slots 12 adjacent to each other. The coil side 22 is disposed radially inward.

  In the present embodiment, two sets of coils 21 having substantially the same shape as that shown in FIG. 4 are arranged adjacent to each other in the radial direction in the same slot 12. Therefore, for each of the two adjacent slots 12, the four coil sides 22 of the same phase are arranged in the slot 12 in a line in the radial direction. At this time, in the present embodiment, as described above, one linear conductor arranged in the radially innermost side in each slot 12 is the adjacent conductor 31, and the other linear conductors are The separated conductor 32 is used. Therefore, a pair of coils 21 having a shape substantially the same as the shape shown in FIG. 4 and being arranged radially outside of the two coils 21 arranged adjacent to each other in the radial direction in the same slot 12. All of the linear conductors forming the separation conductors 32 are separated conductors 32. On the other hand, among the linear conductors constituting the other set of coils 21 arranged on the radially inner side, the linear conductors up to the second round that are arranged on the radially outer side become the separated conductors 32, and are arranged in the radial direction. The linear conductors after the third round to be arranged on the inner side are the proximity conductors 31.

  As described above, the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are configured using different materials. Accordingly, the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are formed in advance in a predetermined shape using a single continuous linear conductor made of a corresponding material, and then continue at a predetermined position of the coil end portion 23. Thus, the coil 21 having the shape shown in FIG. 4 is formed. The proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are connected by various methods such as welding, brazing, and connection via other members. In this way, one connecting portion for connecting the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 is provided for each phase of the coil 21 (not shown), and the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are as if they are continuous 1 It is configured as if it is configured using a linear conductor of a book.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the coil end 23 on one axial side (the upper side in FIG. 1 and the right side in FIG. 2) of the coil end parts 23 at the axial end portions of the stator core 11 of each phase coil 21. Is a bent coil end portion 24 that is bent inward in the radial direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the bent coil end portion 24 is bent radially inward at a substantially right angle with respect to the coil side portion 22. The bent coil end portion 24 includes a radial conductor portion 25 extending in the radial direction from the coil side portion 22 and a circumferential conductor portion 26 connecting the pair of radial conductor portions 25 in the circumferential direction.

  In the present embodiment, the linear conductor constituting the radial conductor portion 25 is formed to extend radially inward after extending from the coil side portion 22 in the axial direction of the stator core 11. As described above, the four linear conductors constituting the coil side portion 22 are arranged in a line in the radial direction in the slot 12, and therefore, in the radial conductor portion 25, the four linear conductors are arranged. Are aligned in an aligned manner so as to be bent radially inward from a state substantially parallel to the axial direction while maintaining a state of being aligned in a row. As is clear from FIG. 1, the radial conductor portions 25 are arranged without overlapping the radial conductor portions 25 in the circumferential direction. Further, the radial conductor portion 25 extends at least radially inward with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 11. In the present embodiment, among the linear conductors constituting the bent coil end portion 24, a portion having the same circumferential position as the coil side portion 22 is used as the radial conductor portion 25.

The linear conductor constituting the circumferential conductor portion 26 is extended while being bent in the circumferential direction from the radial conductor portion 25 corresponding to one slot 12 toward the radial conductor portion 25 corresponding to the other slot 12. Further, it is formed so as to be bent radially outward and to be connected to the radial conductor portion 25 corresponding to the other slot 12. As described above, since the radial conductor portion 25 extends at least radially inward with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 11, the circumferential conductor portion 26 is disposed radially inward with respect to the inner peripheral surface of the stator core 11. Is done.
At this time, in the circumferential conductor portion 26, two linear conductors arranged radially outside in the slot 12 are arranged side by side in the radial direction, and the diameter in each of the two slots 12 of the same phase adjacent to each other is arranged. A total of four linear conductors are arranged side by side in the radial direction together with the two linear conductors arranged on the outer side in the direction. Further, two linear conductors arranged on the radially inner side in the slot 12 are arranged side by side in the radial direction, and are arranged on the radially inner side in each of the two slots 12 of the same phase adjacent to each other. In total, four linear conductors are arranged side by side in the radial direction.
The two sets of four linear conductors arranged side by side in the radial direction are arranged on one side in the axial direction, and are continuous from the coil side portion 22 arranged radially outside in the slot 12. In the inside, what continues from the coil side part 22 arrange | positioned radially inside is arrange | positioned at the other side of an axial direction.

3. Next, the material constituting the linear conductor formed by the coil 21, which is the main part of the present invention, will be described in detail. In the present invention, at least the proximity conductor 31 disposed at a position closest to the rotor 3 as a field magnet in the depth direction in the slot 12 and a position farther from the rotor 3 as a field magnet than the proximity conductor 31. The spaced-apart conductors 32 arranged in are made of materials having different resistivities. Here, when the resistivity is compared between the material constituting the proximity conductor 31 and the material constituting the separation conductor 32, the resistivity of the material constituting the proximity conductor 31 is the resistivity of the material constituting the separation conductor 32. Larger than. In other words, the proximity conductor 31 is made of a material having a higher resistivity than the material forming the separation conductor 32.
In the present specification, “resistivity” is used to mean an electrical resistivity indicating difficulty in passing electricity, and is determined in advance when comparing the sizes of a plurality of materials. The electrical resistivity at a predetermined temperature is compared.

Here, among a plurality of factors that can lower the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine 1, the coil 21 is related, and the eddy current loss due to the generation of eddy current in the linear conductor forming the coil 21 and the rotating electrical machine 1 are driven. Generation of Joule heat due to the drive current to achieve this.
Eddy current is an eddy current that is generated when a magnetic field in the vicinity of a metal plate or the like is suddenly changed or a metal plate or the like is moved in a strong magnetic field so as to cancel the change in the surrounding magnetic field in the metal. It is. In the rotating electrical machine 1, when the rotor 3 rotates, the magnetic field from the permanent magnet 5 that reaches the surface of the linear conductor facing the rotor 3 changes abruptly, and therefore the linear conductor forming the coil 21 on the rotor 3 side. An eddy current is generated on the surface. As a result, eddy current loss occurs as energy loss due to the eddy current.
Joule heat is electrical energy that is lost by the electrical resistance of the conductor itself when a current is passed through the conductor. Since the coil 21 is constituted by a linear conducting wire, Joule heat is generated in the linear conductor constituting the coil 21 when a driving current for driving the rotating electrical machine 1 is passed. Hereinafter, the energy loss due to Joule heat generated by this drive current will be referred to as “copper loss”.

The magnitude of the eddy current loss generated in the linear conductor forming the coil 21 is proportional to the square of the product of the circumferential width, frequency, and maximum magnetic flux density per linear conductor, and the material constituting the linear conductor. Is inversely proportional to the resistivity. That is, the circumferential width per linear conductor is t [m], the frequency is f [Hz], the maximum magnetic flux density is B [T], and the resistivity of the material constituting the linear conductor is ρ [Ω · m. ], Eddy current loss magnitude P [W] is
P = k · (t · f · B) ² / ρ (Equation 1)
It is represented by Here, k is a proportionality constant. Thus, the eddy current loss P is inversely proportional to the resistivity ρ of the material constituting the linear conductor.

On the other hand, the magnitude of the copper loss is calculated as the product of the square of the drive current flowing in the coil 21 and the electric resistance value of the linear conductor. Here, the electrical resistance value is proportional to the length of the linear conductor and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area. The proportionality constant at this time is the resistivity of the material constituting the linear conductor. That is, the drive current flowing in the coil 21 is I [A], the electrical resistance value of the linear conductor is R [Ω], the length of the linear conductor is L [m], and the cross-sectional area of the linear conductor is A [m ^2. ], The copper loss magnitude Q [W] is
Q = I ² · R = ρ · I ² · L / A (Formula 2)
It is represented by Thus, the copper loss is proportional to the resistivity ρ of the material constituting the linear conductor.

  As is clear from (Expression 1) and (Expression 2), when the material constituting the linear conductor is changed to change the resistivity, the eddy current loss and the copper loss are in different directions. Change. That is, as the resistivity ρ of the material constituting the linear conductor increases, the eddy current loss P decreases but the copper loss Q increases. On the other hand, the smaller the resistivity ρ of the material constituting the linear conductor, the smaller the copper loss Q, but the larger the eddy current loss P.

By the way, the eddy current loss occurs mainly on the surface of the linear conductor that is disposed closest to the rotor 3 in the slot 12 and that is disposed on the innermost circumferential side in the radial direction. In the linear conductors arranged behind the radial conductors, the generation of eddy currents hardly causes a problem. On the other hand, copper loss occurs regardless of the radial arrangement in the slot 12.
The present inventors pay attention to these points, and see one adjacent conductor 31 disposed closest to the rotor 3 in the slot 12 on the innermost circumferential side in the radial direction when viewed from the rotor 3. It was made of a material having a higher resistivity than the material constituting the three separated conductors 32 disposed behind the adjacent conductor 31 and on the outer peripheral side in the radial direction. In other words, the three separated conductors 32 arranged on the outer circumferential side in the radial direction are made of a material having a lower resistivity than the material constituting the one adjacent conductor 31 arranged on the innermost circumferential side in the radial direction. did.

  By adopting such a configuration, the eddy current loss P is reduced according to (Equation 1) by configuring the adjacent conductor 31 in which the generation of eddy current loss is a problem with a material having a relatively high resistivity. can do. Moreover, the copper loss Q can be reduced according to (Formula 2) by comprising the separated conductor 32 in which generation | occurrence | production of an eddy current loss does not become a problem with a material with a relatively small resistivity.

In the present embodiment, in order to improve the space factor of the coil 21, the linear conductor is configured using a single rectangular wire having a circumferential width substantially equal to the circumferential width of the slot 12. . In such a case, in the above (Equation 1), the circumferential width t per linear conductor is large, and the magnitude of the resistivity ρ of the material constituting the linear conductor is the eddy current loss. The effect on the size of P is relatively large. That is, in such a case, if the material constituting the linear conductor is changed to a material having a high resistivity ρ, the eddy current loss P is greatly reduced. Therefore, the eddy current loss P can be effectively reduced by selecting the material constituting the linear conductor in consideration of the resistivity ρ. Such an effect is particularly prominent when the frequency f is relatively large and the drive current I is relatively small in (Expression 1) and (Expression 2). Therefore, in such a case, even if the copper loss Q is slightly increased according to (Equation 2) by configuring the proximity conductor 31 with a material having a relatively high resistivity, the eddy current loss P is further increased. Can be reduced.
Therefore, by appropriately setting the use area of the rotating electrical machine 1, the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine 1 can be reduced by reducing the overall energy loss in relation to the reduced width of the eddy current loss and the increased width of the copper loss. Can be improved.

  The combination of materials constituting each of the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 is arbitrary as long as the resistivity of the material constituting the proximity conductor 31 is higher than the resistivity of the material constituting the separation conductor 32. Can be determined. However, from the viewpoint of reducing the copper loss of the coil 21 as a whole, it is preferable that the separated conductor 32 is made of a material having a resistivity as low as possible among all the materials that can be adopted. In the present embodiment, from this point of view and considering the cost, the material constituting the separated conductor 32 is copper. Here, the separated conductor 32 may be composed only of pure copper, or may contain a copper compound such as copper oxide, other impurities, and the like. Moreover, it is good also as copper alloys, such as a copper nickel alloy.

In this case, the proximity conductor 31 is made of a material having a higher resistivity than copper. In the present embodiment, considering the cost, the material constituting the proximity conductor 31 is aluminum having a resistivity approximately 1.6 times that of copper. Here, the proximity conductor 31 may be composed of pure aluminum, or may contain an aluminum compound such as aluminum oxide, other impurities, or the like. Moreover, it is good also as aluminum alloys, such as a zirconium aluminum alloy.
Aluminum is a material having a particularly low density among materials having a resistivity higher than that of copper. Therefore, there is an advantage that the coil 21, the stator 7, and the rotating electrical machine 1 as a whole can be reduced in weight.

4). Application Example Next, an application example of the rotating electrical machine 1 including the stator 7 according to the present embodiment will be described. Here, the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment was applied to the rotary electric machine with which the drive device 40 for electric vehicles is provided. As shown in FIG. 5, the drive device 40 includes the rotating electrical machine 1, a reduction gear 41, and a differential device 42. In the present embodiment, the reduction gear 41 is a single pinion type planetary gear device having a carrier ca that rotatably supports a plurality of pinion gears, a sun gear s that meshes with the pinion gears, and a ring gear r. . The rotor shaft of the rotor 3 of the rotating electrical machine 1 is drivingly connected to the sun gear s. The ring gear r is fixed to the case. The carrier ca is drivingly connected to the wheel 43 via the differential device 42. Thus, in the electric vehicle equipped with the drive device 40, the rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1 is decelerated by the reduction gear 41 based on the gear ratio (the gear ratio of the sun gear s and the ring gear r), and then the differential device. The power transmission mechanism is distributed at 42 and transmitted to the two wheels 43. And the energy efficiency of the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment was evaluated with the electric vehicle provided with such a drive device 40. FIG.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a usage region of the rotating electrical machine 1. In this figure, the horizontal axis represents the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 1 and the vertical axis represents the output torque of the rotating electrical machine 1. Then, assuming that the rotating electrical machine 1 is used in three different areas, energy loss in each area was measured and energy efficiency was evaluated. In this example, the maximum torque area A, the high-frequency use area B, and the high-speed steady running area C are set as three areas in which the rotating electrical machine 1 is used. Here, the maximum torque region A is a region where the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 1 is relatively small and the output torque is near the maximum value (low rotation high torque region). The maximum torque area A is an area set on the assumption that the maximum torque area A is used when starting an electric vehicle, for example. The high-frequency use area B is an area where the rotational speed and output torque of the rotating electrical machine 1 are both medium (medium-rotation torque area). The high-frequency use area B is an area set on the assumption that the electric vehicle is used when traveling in an urban area or the like, for example. The high-speed steady running region C is a region where the rotation speed of the rotating electrical machine 1 is near the maximum value and the output torque is relatively small (high rotation low torque region). The high-speed steady travel region C is a region set on the assumption that the high-speed steady travel region C is used when an electric vehicle travels on a highway, for example.

  Then, one representative point was set for each of the regions A, B, and C, and energy loss was measured for each representative point a, b, and c. Here, as the energy loss, the rotor iron loss, the stator iron loss, the eddy current loss of the coil 21, and the copper loss of the coil 21 were measured. The rotor iron loss is a loss due to an eddy current generated in the rotor core 4 when the rotor 3 rotates. The stator iron loss is a loss due to an eddy current generated in the stator core 11 when the rotor 3 rotates. Since the eddy current loss and the copper loss of the coil 21 have already been described in detail, the description thereof is omitted here. In the following description, when the terms “eddy current loss” and “copper loss” are simply used, they represent “eddy current loss of coil 21” and “copper loss of coil 21”, respectively.

Moreover, in order to evaluate the energy loss of the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the rotary electric machine which comprised the whole linear conductor which comprises the coil 21 with copper, and the whole linear conductor which comprises the coil 21 as a comparative example. Even in an electric vehicle provided with a rotating electrical machine made of aluminum, energy efficiency was evaluated for each rotating electrical machine by measuring energy loss in each region. 7 to 9 are graphs showing comparison of energy loss in each region. In these drawings, “Cu wire” shown on the horizontal axis represents a rotating electrical machine in which the entire linear conductor forming the coil 21 is made of copper, and “Al wire” represents the entire linear conductor forming the coil 21. The “Cu + Al wire” represents the rotating electrical machine 1 according to this embodiment. In the following description, the terms “Cu line”, “Al line”, and “Cu + Al line” will be used.
Moreover, the numerical value written together in the bar graph of the Al line and the Cu + Al line represents the difference when the Cu line is used as a reference, and when the sign is plus (+), it indicates that the loss is increased. The minus (−) indicates that the loss is decreasing.

  FIG. 7 shows a comparison of energy loss in the maximum torque region A. Regarding the rotor iron loss and the stator iron loss, the rotor core and the stator core are both configured by laminating electromagnetic steel sheets, and are almost unchanged because they are common among the Cu wire, Al wire, and Cu + Al wire. The same applies to the high-frequency use area B and the high-speed steady running area C. In the maximum torque region A, an increase in copper loss and a decrease in eddy current loss were confirmed for both the Al wire and the Cu + Al wire with respect to the Cu wire. When these were combined, it was confirmed that the energy loss increased significantly to + 33.6% for the Al wire, and increased slightly to + 7.8% for the Cu + Al wire.

  As described above, the maximum torque region A is a low rotation high torque region. In this region, in (Equation 1) and (Equation 2) described above, the drive current I increases to output a large torque, and the frequency f decreases because the rotational speed is kept low. Therefore, in this region, the influence of the copper loss Q on the overall energy loss is relatively greater than the eddy current loss P, and a part of the linear conductor forming the coil 21 has a resistivity ρ higher than that of copper. The increase in copper loss due to the construction of large aluminum is superior to the effect of reducing eddy current loss.

  In FIG. 8, the energy loss in the high frequency use area | region B is compared and shown. Even in the high frequency use region B, an increase in copper loss and a reduction in eddy current loss were confirmed for both the Al wire and the Cu + Al wire with respect to the Cu wire. However, when these were combined, it was confirmed that the energy loss increased slightly to + 7% for the Al wire, whereas the energy loss decreased to -1.9% for the Cu + Al wire. .

  As described above, the high-frequency use area B is an intermediate rotation torque area. In this region, in (Equation 1) and (Equation 2) above, the drive current I is moderate to output a medium torque, and the frequency f is also medium because the rotation speed is medium. It is said to be about. In this region, the degree of influence of the copper loss Q and the eddy current loss P on the overall energy loss varies depending on the relationship between the drive current I and the frequency f, but at least according to the evaluation result at the representative point b in this example. For example, it was confirmed that the energy loss is reduced and the energy efficiency is improved in the Cu + Al wire as compared with the Cu wire and the Al wire. At this representative point b, the overall energy loss is reduced because the eddy current loss reduction effect is superior to the copper loss increase effect. Thus, by using the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the present embodiment in a region where the influence of the eddy current loss P on the overall energy loss is larger than that of the copper loss Q, the eddy current loss P is larger than the effect of increasing the copper loss. The reduction effect of the current loss can be increased, and the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine 1 as a whole can be improved.

  FIG. 9 shows a comparison of energy loss in the high-speed steady traveling region C. Even in the high-speed steady running region C, an increase in copper loss and a reduction in eddy current loss were confirmed for both the Al wire and the Cu + Al wire with respect to the Cu wire. When these were combined, it was confirmed that energy loss was reduced in both the Al wire and the Cu + Al wire. The amount of energy loss reduction was -3.6% for the Al wire and -4.4% for the Cu + Al wire.

  As described above, the high-speed steady running region C is a high rotation low torque region. In this region, in (Equation 1) and (Equation 2) above, the frequency f increases in order to keep the rotational speed high, and the output torque is kept small, so the drive current I decreases. Therefore, in this region, the influence of the eddy current loss P on the overall energy loss is relatively greater than the copper loss Q, and a part of the linear conductor forming the coil 21 has a resistivity ρ higher than that of copper. The result is that the effect of reducing eddy current loss due to the construction of large aluminum appears more strongly. Thereby, energy loss is reduced and the energy efficiency of the rotating electrical machine 1 as a whole is improved.

  Thus, through the evaluation of energy loss, the rotating electrical machine 1 according to the present embodiment has a high-speed steady traveling region C (higher than the rotating electrical machine in which the entire linear conductor forming the coil 21 is made of copper or aluminum. It was confirmed that high energy efficiency was realized in the low rotation torque region) and the high frequency use region B (medium torque during middle rotation). In a rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle, compared to the time used in the maximum torque region A (low rotation high torque region), the high frequency use region B (medium rotation middle torque region) and the high speed steady running region C (high rotation) The time used in the low torque range is overwhelmingly long. Therefore, it turned out that the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment can be effectively applied to the rotary electric machine for vehicle drive. In addition, the area | region where it is anticipated that high energy efficiency is implement | achieved by using the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment is shown with the oblique line of the lower left in FIG.

  Moreover, the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment has implement | achieved very high energy efficiency especially in the high-speed steady driving | running | working area | region C (high rotation low torque area | region). In the drive device 40 having a power transmission mechanism in which the rotation output from the rotating electrical machine 1 is decelerated and transmitted to the wheels, the rotational speed of the rotating electrical machine 1 tends to be high. Therefore, it turned out that the rotary electric machine 1 which concerns on this embodiment can be applied especially effectively with respect to the drive device 40 of such a structure.

[Other Embodiments]
(1) In the above embodiment, the case in which the material constituting the separated conductor 32 is copper and the material constituting the proximity conductor 31 is aluminum has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the combination of materials constituting each of the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 is a combination in which the resistivity of the material constituting the proximity conductor 31 is greater than the resistivity of the material constituting the separation conductor 32. Can be arbitrarily determined.
As an example, when the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are composed of a combination of two kinds of materials selected from copper, aluminum, tungsten, and zinc, the magnitude of the resistivity of these materials is Since copper, aluminum, tungsten, and zinc are in order from the smallest, when the combination of the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 is expressed as (proximity conductor 31, separation conductor 32), (aluminum, copper), (tungsten, copper ), (Zinc, copper), (tungsten, aluminum), (zinc, aluminum), and (zinc, tungsten) can be used in any combination.

(2) In the above embodiment, the case where only one linear conductor forming the coil 21 is arranged in the width direction (circumferential direction) in each slot 12 has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, a configuration in which a plurality of linear conductors forming the coil 21 are arranged in the width direction (circumferential direction) in each slot 12 is also a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 shows a state where two linear conductors are arranged in the width direction (circumferential direction) in each slot 12 as an example. In this case, two linear conductors arranged side by side in the width direction (circumferential direction) on the innermost peripheral side in the slot 12 are used as the proximity conductors 31, and these linear conductors constitute the separation conductor 32. It is composed of a material having a higher resistivity than the material.

(3) In the above embodiment, the case where four linear conductors are arranged in a line in the depth direction (radial direction) of the slot 12 has been described as an example in each slot 12. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the number of linear conductors arranged side by side in the depth direction (radial direction) of the slot 12 can be freely set. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, in each slot 12, six linear conductors may be arranged in a line in the depth direction (radial direction) of the slot 12. This is one of the embodiments.

(4) In the above-described embodiment, only one linear conductor arranged in the radially innermost side in each slot 12 serves as the proximity conductor 31, and the remainder arranged in the outer circumferential side in the radial direction. The case where the linear conductor is the separated conductor 32 has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, if the linear conductor arranged at the closest position to the rotor 3 as a field magnet in the depth direction (radial direction) in the slot 12 is the proximity conductor 31, it is arranged on the innermost circumference side. A linear conductor other than the one linear conductor can also be used as the proximity conductor 31. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, in each slot 12, two linear conductors arranged on the inner circumferential side in the radial direction serve as the proximity conductor 31, and the remaining linear shapes arranged on the outer circumferential side in the radial direction A configuration in which the conductor is the separated conductor 32 is also one preferred embodiment of the present invention.

(5) In the above embodiment, no particular consideration is given to the cross-sectional area of the surface perpendicular to the energizing direction of the linear conductor constituting the coil 21, and as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. In the above description, the cross-sectional area of the entire coil 21 is set to be equal. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. In other words, a preferred embodiment of the present invention may be configured such that the cross-sectional area of the surface orthogonal to the energizing direction of the adjacent conductor 31 is set larger than the cross-sectional area of the surface orthogonal to the energizing direction of the separated conductor 32. one of. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, such a configuration constitutes the adjacent conductor 31 with the radial width of the adjacent conductor 31 being set substantially equal to the circumferential width of the slot 12. This can be realized by setting it wider than the radial width of the square line.
In this configuration, it is possible to reduce the electrical resistance value R per unit length of the proximity conductor 31 that tends to increase due to the material having a relatively high resistivity ρ. Therefore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of inconveniences such as the Joule heat generated in the adjacent conductor 31 becoming large and the adjacent conductor 31 generating excessive heat.
In this case, if the cross-sectional areas of the proximity conductor 31 and the separation conductor 32 are set so that the electrical resistance values R per unit length are equal, the amount of heat generated by Joule heat is reduced to the entire coil 21. It is more preferable because it can be made uniform over the entire area.

(6) In the above embodiment, the case where the circumferential width of the rectangular wire constituting the linear conducting wire is formed to be substantially equal to the circumferential width of the slot 12 has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the circumferential width of the rectangular wire constituting the linear conducting wire can be freely set within the range of the circumferential width of the slot 12.

(7) In the above embodiment, among the coil end portions 23 at the axial end portions of the stator core 11 of each phase coil 21, the coil end portion 23 on one axial side is bent inward in the radial direction. The case where the end portion 24 is used has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, both the coil end portions 23 on both ends in the axial direction are configured to be bent coil end portions 24 that are bent inward in the radial direction, or both the coil end portions 23 on both ends in the axial direction. It is also one of preferred embodiments of the present invention that the structure is not bent radially inward.

(8) In the above embodiment, as an example, the coils 21 of each phase are wound around the stator core 11 by wave winding with the coil side portions 22 arranged in the corresponding slots 12 respectively. explained. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the winding method of the coil 21 of each phase around the stator core 11 can be freely set. For example, in the state where the coil 21 of each phase is disposed in the slot 12 corresponding to each coil side portion 22, respectively. It is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention to have a configuration in which the stator core 11 is wound in an overlapping manner. As described above, the winding method of the coil 21 of each phase around the stator core 11 is arbitrary, and in either case of wave winding or lap winding, both distributed winding and concentrated winding can be employed.

(9) In the above embodiment, the case where the stator 2 is a stator used in the rotating electrical machine 1 driven by three-phase alternating current has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, it is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention that the stator 2 is used in the rotating electrical machine 1 driven by single-phase alternating current. Alternatively, a configuration used for the rotating electrical machine 1 driven by a two-phase or four-phase or more AC power supply is also one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

(10) In the above-described embodiment, the armature according to the present invention is applied to the stator 7 of the rotating electrical machine 1, and the rotating electrical machine 1 is radially outside the rotor 3 using the stator 7 as the armature as a field. The case where the inner rotor type rotating electrical machine is arranged and provided in the above is described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, in the above configuration, the armature according to the present invention is applied to a rotor of a rotating electric machine, and the rotating electric machine may be an outer rotor type rotating electric machine including a rotor as an armature. This is one of the preferred embodiments.
Further, the armature according to the present invention is applied to the stator 7 of the rotating electrical machine 1, and the rotating electrical machine 1 is provided with the stator 7 serving as the armature disposed radially inside the rotor 3 serving as the field. A rotating electric machine of a type is also one of preferred embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, in this case, the armature according to the present invention may be applied to a rotor of a rotating electrical machine, and the rotating electrical machine may be an inner rotor type rotating electrical machine having a rotor as an armature. This is one of the embodiments.

(11) In the above embodiment, the case where the rotating electrical machine 1 including the stator 7 according to this embodiment is applied to the drive device 40 for an electric vehicle has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, application to a hybrid vehicle drive device including an engine as a drive force source of a vehicle other than the rotating electrical machine 1 is one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.

(12) In the above embodiment, the drive device 40 is configured to include the speed reduction device 41 configured by the planetary gear device, and the rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1 is decelerated by the speed reduction device 41 and transmitted to the wheels 43. The case where it has the configuration has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, a configuration including a stepped or continuously variable transmission as the speed reducer is also a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, it is also a preferred embodiment of the present invention to include a reduction gear having a configuration in which the reduction gear ratio is determined according to the gear ratio between the gears meshing with each other. It is also one of preferred embodiments of the present invention that the reduction gear 41 is not provided and the rotation of the rotating electrical machine 1 is transmitted to the wheel 43 without being reduced.

(13) In the above embodiment, the case where the rotating electrical machine 1 provided with the stator 7 according to the present embodiment is applied to a rotating electrical machine for driving a vehicle for driving an electric vehicle has been described as an example. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, the present invention can be applied to rotating electrical machines that are used for all purposes other than vehicle driving.

(14) In the above embodiment, as an example, the present invention is applied to the inner rotor type rotating electrical machine 1 in which the stator core 11 has a plurality of slots 12 extending in the axial direction and is formed in a substantially cylindrical shape. explained. However, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 13, the stator core 11 is formed in a substantially disc shape having a plurality of slots 12 radially extending in the radial direction and distributed in the circumferential direction, and the rotor core 3 is also in the radial direction. A flat type (axial gap) that has a plurality of permanent magnets that extend radially and is distributed in the circumferential direction, is formed in a substantially disk shape, and the stator core 11 and the rotor core 3 are arranged with a predetermined gap in the axial direction. The present invention can also be applied to a rotating electrical machine 1 of a type).
In this case, the depth direction of each slot 12 (the direction away from the facing surface 4a of the rotor 3 facing the stator core 12) coincides with the axial direction of the rotating shaft of the rotating electrical machine. Therefore, in such a flat type rotary electric machine 1, for example, one linear conductor arranged closest to the rotor 3 in the axial direction is made of aluminum as the proximity conductor 31, and the axial direction is more than the proximity conductor 31. In addition, the remaining linear conductors spaced apart from the rotor 3 are made of copper as the separation conductors 32, so that the energy efficiency of the entire rotating electrical machine 1 can be improved.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be suitably used for an armature that is disposed to face a field that generates a magnetic field and constitutes a rotating electric machine together with the field.

1 Rotating electrical machine 3 Rotor (field)
7 Stator (armature)
11 Stator core (core)
12 Slot 21 Coil 22 Coil side 23 Coil end 31 Proximity conductor 32 Separation conductor 40 Drive device 41 Deceleration device 43 Wheel

Claims (7)

An armature comprising a core having a plurality of slots distributed in the circumferential direction, and a coil wound around the slot, and arranged opposite to a field generating a magnetic field and constituting a rotating electric machine together with the field There,
The slot has a predetermined depth in a direction away from a surface facing the core in the field;
The linear conductors forming the coil are aligned and arranged in a plurality in the depth direction of the slot,
The linear conductor disposed at a position closest to the field in the depth direction in the slot is a proximity conductor, and the line is disposed at a position farther from the field than the proximity conductor. When the conductor is a separated conductor,
An armature in which the proximity conductor is made of a material having a higher resistivity than the material constituting the spaced-apart conductor.   The armature according to claim 1, wherein only one of the proximity conductor and the separation conductor is arranged in the circumferential direction in each slot.   3. The armature according to claim 2, wherein each of the proximity conductor and the separation conductor is configured by a single square line having a circumferential width substantially equal to a circumferential width of the slot.   4. The armature according to claim 3, wherein a cross-sectional area of a surface orthogonal to the energizing direction of the adjacent conductor is set larger than a cross-sectional area of a surface orthogonal to the energizing direction of the separated conductor.   The armature according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a material constituting the proximity conductor is aluminum and a material constituting the separated conductor is copper. The core is formed in a cylindrical shape having a plurality of the slots extending in the axial direction,
The coil is
A coil side portion disposed in the slot, and a coil end portion that connects between the coil side portions disposed in different slots at both axial end portions of the core,
A plurality of the coil side portions are alternately connected at the coil end portion on one side in the axial direction and the coil end portion on the other side in the axial direction to form a waveform that circulates in the circumferential direction of the core,
6. The coil side according to any one of 1 to 5, wherein the coil sides arranged in the same slot are sequentially shifted in the radial direction in the slot while circulating in the circumferential direction of the core a plurality of times. Armature. A vehicle drive device comprising: a rotating electric machine including the armature according to any one of claims 1 to 6; and a power transmission mechanism in which rotation of the rotating electric machine is decelerated and transmitted to a wheel.

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