JP2010121433A - Paving material containing tile waste material and pulverized husk - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a paving material which has both water permeability and water retentivity and also has a natural color and texture harmonious with the ambient environment by reusing tile waste material and pulverized husk. <P>SOLUTION: The pulverized husk 2 the surface of which is covered by powdery tile waste material 3, granular tile waste material 1, and fine sand 4 are solidified and joined to one another with cement and a polymer emulsion resin. Thereby, continuous gaps 5 are formed between aggregates while providing an adhesive strength to the surface-joined parts 6 of the pulverized husk 2 and the granular tile waste material 1, and the water permeable function of the paving material can be increased. The powdery tile waste material 3 which covers the surface of the pulverized husk is porous. The pores and the fine gaps 7 between the aggregates can increase the water retentive function. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a pavement material that uses both tile waste and rice husks and has both water permeability and water retention.

Tile scrap materials generated by roof tile repair and replacement work are difficult to reuse as they are, and are mostly discarded as industrial waste, which is not only an economic burden as a disposal fee, but also a heavy burden on the environment. It is hoped that it will be reused.
As for the use of tile waste materials for pavement materials, Patent Document 1 provides a water-permeable pavement material in which a polymer water-absorbing material is blended into a tile material and consolidated with a polymer resin. Patent Document 2 provides a water-permeable pavement material obtained by solidifying an artificial aggregate obtained from a tile material and plastic waste with a blast furnace cement.

On the other hand, rice husks are produced in large quantities after harvesting in the fall, and they are bulky and difficult to store and move. The use for underdrainage construction, which has been promoted as a subsidized project by the government, is almost widespread, and because the amount of fruit trees, vegetables, and slaughterhouses is limited, there are more fields similar to the above-mentioned tile waste materials. It is hoped that it will be reused.
For the use of rice husks for paving materials and molding materials, Patent Document 3 provides construction materials obtained by solidifying rice husks with an adhesive or cement.

As a pavement material having both water permeability and water retention, a method of injecting a water retention material into a void in a paved water permeable pavement is provided. In Patent Document 4, a wooden powder or fly ash is used. In No. 5, a water retention grout material is used.

JP-A-2005-42439 JP-A-2005-213961 JP2003-13512A JP2007-92473A JP2007-277990

The present invention recycles waste tiles and rice husks that are bothersome as industrial waste, uses these properties as aggregates, combines water permeability and water retention, and natural colors that are in harmony with the surrounding environment It is an object to provide a paving material with a texture.

  In Patent Document 1, since an organic material is used for a water absorbing material and a caking material, it is expensive and easily deteriorates into ultraviolet rays, and there is a problem in cost and weather resistance. In Patent Document 2, an artificial aggregate obtained from a tile waste material having a particle size of 5 mm to 20 mm and a plastic waste is solidified with blast furnace cement, and although water permeability is obtained, high water retention cannot be expected.

  In Patent Document 3, only rice husks are directly cured with an adhesive or cement without interposing other aggregates, and there is a problem in surface peelability and strength.

  In patent document 4 and patent document 5, it becomes post-installation to an existing pavement, and the continuous void is filled with a water retention material, which causes a problem in that water permeability is reduced.

  The present invention uses a roof tile having a high strength and fine pores and a rice husk having an appropriate particle size and elasticity as an aggregate to constitute a pavement material having continuous voids and fine voids, and has high water permeability. And a pavement material having water retention and strength.

  The tile baked from clay has a certain strength as a roofing material while containing fine pores therein. Therefore, among the crushed products of the tile waste material, a granular material has strength as a coarse aggregate, and a powdered material fills a gap between the coarse aggregates as a fine aggregate and has water retention. In addition, in the case of earthenware tile, it has a color that is harmonious with nature as a so-called tile color.

  The rice husk is covered with a hard cuticle layer composed mainly of wax and maintains its shape for a long time without decaying. The rice husk alone has water repellency, but the surface of the rice husk is covered with a powdered tile waste material containing cement and mixed with water to form a water-absorbing layer, thus having water retention. In addition, since the rice husk has a bag-like shape and has elasticity, it is kneaded with powdered tile waste material, cement, and water so that air is involved and has an appropriate gap.

The present invention provides a pavement material that has both properties of water permeability and water retention by complementing the properties of the tile waste material and rice husk, which are industrial wastes, as an aggregate of the pavement material.
Specifically, the rice husk 2 whose surface is covered with the powdered tile waste material 3, the granular tile waste material 1, and the sand 4 are solidified and cemented with cement and a polymer emulsion resin. A continuous space 5 is formed between the aggregates and the water permeability function is enhanced while giving adhesive strength to the surface joint portion 6 of the rice husk 2 and the granular roof tile waste material 1. Moreover, the powdery tile waste material 3 covering the surface of the rice husk is porous, and the water retention function including the fine gaps 7 between the aggregates is enhanced.

  The powdered tile waste material is obtained by crushing the tile waste material generated in the tile roofing replacement work with a crusher and sieving it with a wire mesh having an appropriate opening. It is desirable that the shape is as round as possible with no sharp corners. When the particle size is less than or equal to the rice husk used together, the mutual adhesion efficiency is good, and since a proper amount of powder is necessary to obtain water retention, the weight ratio of the sifted tile waste material by particle size is [10-2 mm]: [less than 2 mm] = 1: 4 to 1: 2.

  The rice husk is not subjected to treatments such as pulverization, hydration, carbonization of charcoal or baking, and retains its original shape after threshing. Rice husk is used in a ratio of 1 to 10% by weight with respect to the waste tile material, and if it is less than 1% by weight, the water retention and water permeability decrease, and if it exceeds 10% by weight, the strength decreases.

  Sand is used to fill the gaps in the granular tile waste material and rice husks and improve the adhesive strength, and any of mountain sand, river sand, sea sand or reclaimed sand can be used alone or in combination. Sand is used in an amount of 10 to 100% by weight based on the waste tile material. If it is less than 10% by weight, the strength is insufficient, and if it is more than 100% by weight, water retention and water permeability are lowered.

  As the cement, portland cement, blast furnace cement, fly ash cement, silica cement, alumina cement, or the like can be used. However, it is usually preferable to use portland cement, and water with a water cement ratio of 25 to 80% by weight is blended.

  As the water reducing agent, either an AE water reducing agent or a high performance water reducing agent can be used. Usually, an AE water reducing agent mainly composed of a lignin sulfonate, a polyol composite, or an oxycarboxylate is used. .2 to 2% by weight is blended.

  The polymer emulsion resin may be acrylic, ethylene-vinyl acetate, SBR (styrene butadiene rubber), or the like, but is usually preferably acrylic and contains 2 to 20% by weight based on the cement. The polymer emulsion resin is used to make up for brittleness, which is a defect of cement, and strengthens the adhesive force between rice husk and roof tile waste material and prevents the surface peelability of the pavement material.

In the pavement material of the present invention, powdery tile waste material is first mixed with cement in a stirring device such as a bread mixer or pot mixer, and a predetermined amount of water and an AE water reducing agent are mixed. After adding rice husks and stirring well, sand may be added, and if necessary, cement pigment may be added to adjust the hue. Finally, a predetermined amount of the polymer emulsion resin is added and stirred well to obtain the pavement material of the present invention.

  This invention is applied to the pavement material for pedestrians. Specifically, it can be applied to any of gardens, dogs, gardens, natural roads, park squares, promenades, amusement parks, cemeteries, etc. As a construction method, the pavement material of the present invention is spread on a ground with a crushed stone having a thickness of 10 cm or more, and then pressed with a plate rammer, a tamping rammer, a vibrating roller or the like, dried and cured. The construction thickness is usually 3 to 7 cm depending on the application, but the curing period is about 1 to 3 days depending on the season and weather.

  The internal structure of the pavement obtained by constructing the pavement material of the present invention on the roadbed is that the tile waste material, rice husk and sand as aggregates form continuous voids, and as a result, the pavement has an appropriate water permeability. Will have sex. If the continuous porosity is less than 7%, the water permeability is not at a practical level, and if it exceeds 35%, there is a problem that the strength decreases, so 7 to 35% is appropriate.

  A pavement block can also be produced by placing the pavement material of the present invention on a mold of an appropriate size, press-molding with a press, removing the frame, and curing. The paving blocks can be applied to any of gardens, dogs, gardens, natural roads, park squares, promenades, amusement parks, cemeteries, etc. Moreover, in order to show moderate water permeability, 7 to 35% is appropriate for the continuous porosity.

  It can be set as a greening block by giving the process which can be planted in the surface or continuous space | gap of the said pavement block. That is, by making a plurality of seedling planting holes on the surface of the pavement block, it becomes possible to plant soil containing seedlings, and the roots extend through the continuous voids as the plant grows. Adhesion to vegetation and expansion of the vegetation area will be made. Alternatively, plant seeds of moderate size can be mixed into the soil or artificial soil and sprayed directly on the block surface or applied to the block surface with a paste that contains water, so that the plant seeds are above the continuous voids of the block. It may be fixed to the part. In any case, the continuous voids in the block body allow air permeability and root penetration, and the water retention of the block supplies the water necessary for growth.

According to the present invention, the fine voids between the powdery tile waste material and the aggregate on the surface of the rice husk have water retention, and the temperature rise of the pavement surface is suppressed by the heat of vaporization of moisture from the pavement material. In addition, continuous voids between aggregates are water permeable, reducing precipitation quickly to the ground and preventing water pools on the road surface. In addition, the natural color and texture of tile waste materials and rice husks are visually harmonized with surrounding planting and structures, and tile waste materials and rice husks that are difficult to dispose of as industrial waste are reused as paving materials. This reduces the burden on the environment.

Schematic sectional view of the pavement material of the present invention

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described. The selected material of the composition of the present invention is composed of powdered tile waste material, rice husk, sand, cement, water, water reducing agent and polymer emulsion resin, and the characteristics of the selected material will be described below.

The powdered tile waste material is crushed with irregularly shaped ceramic tile waste material with a blade-rotating crusher, roughly rounded corners, sieved with a circular vibrating screen, and 5.6 mm mesh mesh A sieved product was collected. The particle size was [5.6-2 mm]: [less than 2 mm] = 1: 3 (weight ratio).

The rice husks were used after threshing at the JA Rice Center.

Sand used is sand produced from Shonai Town, Yamagata Prefecture, which has a surface dry density of 2.56 g / cm ³ , a water absorption of 2.15%, an average particle size of 0.9 mm, and a particle size of 0.15 to 5 mm. did.

Ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement) was used as the cement.

The water reducing agent was an AE water reducing agent (manufactured by Floric) mainly composed of lignin sulfonate, and tap water was used as the water.

As the polymer emulsion resin, an acrylic emulsion (manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was used.

Examples 1-3, Comparative Examples 1-2
The above selected materials were kneaded at a blending ratio shown in Table 2 to prepare a paving material. In Examples 1 to 3, powdery tile waste material and cement were mixed in a bread mixer, and then a predetermined amount of water and an AE water reducing agent were mixed, and rice husk was added and stirred well. Further, sand was added, and finally a predetermined amount of polymer emulsion resin was added and stirred well. Comparative Example 1 does not use rice husks in the kneading procedure of Examples 1-3. In Comparative Example 2, powdery tile waste material is not used, cement and sand are mixed with powder, a predetermined amount of water and an AE water reducing agent are blended, rice husk is added and stirred well, and finally a predetermined amount of polymer emulsion is added. Resin was added and stirred.

The evaluation test method is as follows.
Compressive strength test: Compliant with JIS A1108 (age 28 days)
Constant water level permeability test: The permeability coefficient was determined in accordance with JIS A1218.
Water absorption: A value calculated by 100 × (B−A) / A, where A is the absolute dry weight of the specimen, and B is the surface dry weight of the specimen (soaked in surface water for 24 hours). Say.
Continuous porosity: Measured based on the continuous porosity measurement method described in “Japan Drainage Pavement Technical Guidelines (draft)” edited by Japan Road Association.
Surface peelability: The peeled state of the material is visually observed when the surface of the specimen is rubbed strongly by hand.

The evaluation criteria are shown in Table 1.

In Table 1, a sample having a large water permeability is expressed as having high water permeability, and a sample having a large water absorption rate is expressed as having high water retention. Moreover, the comprehensive determination is to determine the suitability as a pedestrian pavement material having both water permeability and water retention.

  Table 2 shows the results of evaluation tests performed on the paving material samples prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples.

In Comparative Example 1, the aggregate was a composition containing only tile waste and sand and no rice husk, and high compressive strength was obtained, but water permeability and water retention were low. This seems to be because the pavement material is a dense structure and there are few voids.
In Comparative Example 2, the aggregate is only rice husk and sand and does not contain powdery tile waste material, and there are many voids and the target water permeability and water absorption are obtained, but the compressive strength is slightly weak and the surface peelability is low. Admitted.

Example 1 is a composition including three kinds of aggregated tile waste material, rice husk and sand as aggregates, and target values were obtained for all of compressive strength, water permeability, water absorption rate and surface peelability. The structure in the pavement seems to be strong in consolidation and adhesion between aggregates while including moderate gaps.
In Example 2, the rice husk was reduced in weight as compared with Example 1, and the compressive strength was slightly increased, but the water permeability and water retention were slightly decreased. This seems to be due to the decrease in voids in the pavement material due to the reduction of rice husk.
Example 3 was a formulation in which the amount of the polymer emulsion resin was reduced as compared with Example 1, and the compressive strength was slightly reduced.

Based on the above results, high water permeability and water retention can be achieved by solidifying and adhering with cement, water reducing agent, appropriate amount of water, and appropriate amount of polymer emulsion resin using granular tile waste, rice husk and sand as aggregate. It has been found that a pavement material with good properties and constant compressive strength and no surface peeling can be obtained.

  The pavement material of the present invention can be applied as a general pedestrian pavement, but since it has excellent water permeability and water retention and has a natural color and texture, it can be applied particularly to pavements in places that emphasize landscapes. It is effective. For example, if it is applied to a garden, a dog run, a garden, a natural road, a park square, a promenade, an amusement park, a cemetery, etc., it is well drained and has water retention, so it can be a countermeasure against heat island in summer. In addition, the colors and textures match the surrounding buildings and planting, and the scenery is excellent. The pavement material of the present invention may be prepared at the construction site and paved, or a block may be prepared at the factory and laid on the construction site. Furthermore, the block can be planted and used as a greening block.

1 Granular tile waste material 2 Rice husk 3 Powdery tile waste material (including cement) covering the surface of rice husk
4 Fine sand 5 Continuous gaps between aggregates 6 Surface joints of rice husks and tiles 7 Fine gaps between aggregates

Claims (5)

  A paving material comprising powdery tile waste material, rice husk and sand as an aggregate, and having water permeability and water retention by solidifying with cement, water, water reducing agent and polymer emulsion resin.   The particle size of the powdered tile waste material is 10 mm or less, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of rice husk, 10 to 100 parts by weight of cement, and 10 to 100 parts by weight of sand with respect to 100 parts by weight of the waste brick material. The paving material according to claim 1, wherein 25 to 80% by weight of water and 0.2 to 2% by weight of a water reducing agent are mixed with the cement, and 2 to 20% by weight of a polymer emulsion resin is blended with the cement.   The pavement material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the continuous porosity in the pavement material is 7 to 35%.   Pavement material or powder consisting of powdered tile waste material, rice husk and sand as aggregate and having water permeability and water retention by solidifying with cement, water, water reducing agent and polymer emulsion resin The particle size of the granular tile waste material is 10 mm or less, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of rice husk, 10 to 100 parts by weight of cement, and 10 to 100 parts by weight of sand with respect to 100 parts by weight of the waste brick material, the water cement ratio is 25 Paving material mixed with ˜80 wt% water and 0.2-2 wt% water reducing agent with respect to cement and blended with 2-20 wt% polymer emulsion resin with respect to cement, or continuous porosity in paving material Is a pavement block characterized by being formed by press-molding a pavement material characterized by being 7 to 35% into a mold.   Pavement material or powder consisting of powdered tile waste material, rice husk and sand as aggregate and having water permeability and water retention by solidifying with cement, water, water reducing agent and polymer emulsion resin The particle size of the granular tile waste material is 10 mm or less, and 1 to 10 parts by weight of rice husk, 10 to 100 parts by weight of cement, and 10 to 100 parts by weight of sand with respect to 100 parts by weight of the waste brick material, the water cement ratio is 25 Paving material mixed with ˜80 wt% water and 0.2-2 wt% water reducing agent with respect to cement and blended with 2-20 wt% polymer emulsion resin with respect to cement, or continuous porosity in paving material However, the seeds or seedlings of plants are fixed together with soil on the surface of the paving block, which is formed by placing a pavement material characterized by 7 to 35% into a mold and press-molding it. By , Greening block, characterized in that planting is possible.