JP2009124229A - Radio transmission system and packet transmission terminal - Google Patents

Radio transmission system and packet transmission terminal Download PDF

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JP2009124229A
JP2009124229A JP2007293052A JP2007293052A JP2009124229A JP 2009124229 A JP2009124229 A JP 2009124229A JP 2007293052 A JP2007293052 A JP 2007293052A JP 2007293052 A JP2007293052 A JP 2007293052A JP 2009124229 A JP2009124229 A JP 2009124229A
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packet
line
bandwidth
data packet
transmission
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Seiji Okumura
誠司 奥村
Koichi Hiramatsu
晃一 平松
Koichi Nakajima
宏一 中島
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent loss of data packets by rationalizing the transmission amount of the data packets. <P>SOLUTION: A radio transmission system includes: a data packet transmission part 11 which transmits data packets to a packet reception terminal 2 by using a satellite line; an own station data packet reception part 12 which receives data packets transmitted from the data packet transmission part 11 and turned by a satellite; and a line band calculation part 13 which calculates an available band of a radio line from the reception quality of data packets received by the own station data packet reception part 12. A data transmission amount control part 18 controls the transmission amount of data packets transmitted from the data packet transmission part 11, in accordance with the available band calculated by the line band calculation part 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、パケット送信端末が無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信する無線伝送システムと、無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信するパケット送信端末とに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a wireless transmission system in which a packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to a packet receiving terminal using a wireless line, and a packet transmitting terminal that transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal using a wireless line. is there.

近年の災害／防衛監視を行うシステムなどでは、航空機やヘリからの空撮映像を基地局で監視したいというニーズが高く、映像伝送には衛星回線などの無線インフラが利用される。
例えば、衛星回線を利用する無線伝送システムでは、降雨などによる電波減衰や、航空機の速度・高度・姿勢変動が原因で、実際に受信することができる帯域（伝送スループット）が低減することがある。
この帯域低減を解決する方法として、送信側における信号の送信電力を制御する方法が存在する。
例えば、以下の特許文献１，２では、受信したビーコン信号やパイロット信号の信号レベルと基準レベルとの比較結果に基づいて送信電力を制御する方法を開示している。 In recent disaster / defense monitoring systems and the like, there is a strong need to monitor aerial images from aircraft and helicopters with a base station, and wireless infrastructure such as satellite links is used for video transmission.
For example, in a wireless transmission system using a satellite line, a band (transmission throughput) that can be actually received may be reduced due to radio wave attenuation due to rain or the like, or due to aircraft speed, altitude, and attitude fluctuations.
As a method for solving this band reduction, there is a method for controlling the transmission power of a signal on the transmission side.
For example, Patent Documents 1 and 2 below disclose a method of controlling transmission power based on a comparison result between the signal level of a received beacon signal or pilot signal and a reference level.

また、セルラー方式の無線伝送システムにおいても、移動機が複数の基地局エリアをハンドオーバーするときに、各基地局からの送信Ｏｎ／Ｏｆｆを制御したり、最良信号品質を有するアクセスポイントを選択・決定するために、基地局から伝送されるパイロット信号を用いて、移動機が回線の品質を測定するようにしている（例えば、特許文献３，４，５を参照）。
さらに、回線品質を推定する手段として、受信側でパケットロスやジッタを解析し、その解析結果を送信側にフィードバックして、送信帯域を制御する技術も存在する（例えば、特許文献６を参照）。 Also, in a cellular radio transmission system, when a mobile device hands over a plurality of base station areas, it controls transmission On / Off from each base station and selects an access point having the best signal quality. In order to make the determination, the mobile station measures the channel quality using the pilot signal transmitted from the base station (see, for example, Patent Documents 3, 4, and 5).
Further, as a means for estimating the channel quality, there is a technique for analyzing packet loss and jitter on the receiving side, feeding back the analysis result to the transmitting side, and controlling the transmission band (see, for example, Patent Document 6). .

特開昭６２−１３３８３１号公報JP-A-62-133831 特開平０１−１７０２２７号公報JP-A-01-170227 特開平１１−０６９４１６号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-069416 特表２００３−５２９９７１号公報Special table 2003-529971 gazette 特開平０５−１４５４５７号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-145457 特開２００１−２３０８０９号公報JP 2001-230809 A

従来の無線伝送システムは以上のように構成されているので、送信側が姿勢変動の大きい航空機である場合、アンテナの角度が固定でないことから、送信電力を制御する方法では、送信電力を増幅させて現状の回線帯域を維持することが困難な場合があり、データパケットの欠落を招くことがある課題があった。
また、送信側から送信されるデータの受信状況を受信側で解析して、その解析結果を送信側にフィードバックする方法では、回線の伝送遅延により送信側が最新の解析結果を取得するのに時間がかかる場合や、受信側からフィードバックする情報が欠落して送信側に届かなかない場合には、的確でリアルタイムな回線帯域の予測を行えず、データパケットの欠落を招くことがある課題があった。 Since the conventional wireless transmission system is configured as described above, when the transmitting side is an aircraft with a large attitude fluctuation, the angle of the antenna is not fixed. Therefore, in the method for controlling the transmission power, the transmission power is amplified. There are cases where it is difficult to maintain the current line bandwidth, and there is a problem that data packets may be lost.
Also, in the method of analyzing the reception status of data transmitted from the transmission side and feeding back the analysis result to the transmission side, it takes time for the transmission side to acquire the latest analysis result due to the transmission delay of the line. In such a case, or when information to be fed back from the receiving side is missing and cannot be delivered to the transmitting side, there is a problem in that it is impossible to predict the line bandwidth accurately and in real time, leading to missing data packets.

この発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、データパケットの伝送量の適正化を図り、データパケットの欠落を防止することができる無線伝送システム及びパケット送信端末を得ることを目的とする。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and aims to obtain a wireless transmission system and a packet transmission terminal capable of optimizing the transmission amount of data packets and preventing loss of data packets. Objective.

この発明に係る無線伝送システムは、パケット送信端末が、無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信するデータパケット送信手段と、データパケット送信手段から送信されたのち、無線回線で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する自局データパケット受信手段と、自局データパケット受信手段により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出手段とを備え、伝送量制御手段が回線帯域算出手段により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じてデータパケット送信手段から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御するようにしたものである。   In the wireless transmission system according to the present invention, a packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to a packet receiving terminal using a wireless line, and the packet is transmitted from the data packet transmitting means and then folded back on the wireless line. A local data packet receiving means for receiving the received data packet; and a line bandwidth calculating means for calculating a usable bandwidth of the wireless line from the reception quality of the data packet received by the local data packet receiving means. The control means controls the transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission means in accordance with the usable bandwidth calculated by the line bandwidth calculation means.

この発明によれば、パケット送信端末が、無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信するデータパケット送信手段と、データパケット送信手段から送信されたのち、無線回線で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する自局データパケット受信手段と、自局データパケット受信手段により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出手段とを備え、伝送量制御手段が回線帯域算出手段により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じてデータパケット送信手段から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御するように構成したので、データパケットの伝送量の適正化を図ることができるようになり、その結果、データパケットの欠落を防止することができる効果を奏する。   According to the present invention, the packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal using a wireless line, and the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting means and then returned by the wireless line A local data packet receiving means for receiving the data and a line bandwidth calculating means for calculating a usable bandwidth of the wireless line from the reception quality of the data packet received by the local data packet receiving means, Since the transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit is controlled according to the available band calculated by the line bandwidth calculation unit, the transmission amount of the data packet can be optimized. As a result, it is possible to prevent data packets from being lost.

実施の形態１．
図１はこの発明の実施の形態１による無線伝送システムを示す構成図であり、図において、パケット送信端末１は、例えば、無線回線である衛星回線からなるネットワーク３を介してパケット受信端末２と接続されている。
なお、パケット送信端末１及びパケット受信端末２は、例えば、携帯電話機等の携帯情報端末や、航空機等に搭載される無線通信機器などが該当する。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a radio transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, a packet transmitting terminal 1 is connected to a packet receiving terminal 2 via a network 3 consisting of a satellite line as a radio line, for example. It is connected.
Note that the packet transmission terminal 1 and the packet reception terminal 2 correspond to, for example, a portable information terminal such as a mobile phone, a wireless communication device mounted on an aircraft, or the like.

データパケット送信部１１は例えば無線機やアンテナなどから構成されているネットワークインタフェース機器であり、データ伝送量制御部１８の指示の下、衛星回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末２に送信する処理を実施する。なお、データパケット送信部１１はデータパケット送信手段を構成している。
自局データパケット受信部１２は例えば無線機やアンテナなどから構成されているネットワークインタフェース機器であり、データパケット送信部１１から送信されたのち、衛星で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する処理を実施する。なお、自局データパケット受信部１２は自局データパケット受信手段を構成している。 The data packet transmission unit 11 is a network interface device including, for example, a radio device and an antenna, and transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal 2 using a satellite line under the instruction of the data transmission amount control unit 18. Perform the process. The data packet transmission unit 11 constitutes a data packet transmission unit.
The local station data packet receiving unit 12 is a network interface device composed of, for example, a radio or an antenna, and performs a process of receiving a data packet that is transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11 and then returned by the satellite. . The own station data packet receiving unit 12 constitutes own station data packet receiving means.

回線帯域算出部１３は例えばＭＰＵやメモリ等を実装している半導体集積回路基板などから構成されており、自局データパケット受信部１２により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する処理を実施する。なお、回線帯域算出部１３は回線帯域算出手段を構成している。
回線帯域算出部１３の受信品質解析部１４は自局データパケット受信部１２により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質を解析する処理を実施する。
回線帯域算出部１３のデータベース１５は無線回線の実帯域と受信品質との対応関係を管理しているメモリである。
なお、データベース１５に管理される対応関係は、過去の受信品質に対応する実帯域がサンプリングされて記録されたものである。 The line bandwidth calculation unit 13 is composed of, for example, a semiconductor integrated circuit board on which an MPU, a memory, and the like are mounted, and the satellite line can be used from the reception quality of the data packet received by the local data packet reception unit 12. A process for calculating the bandwidth is performed. The line bandwidth calculation unit 13 constitutes line bandwidth calculation means.
The reception quality analysis unit 14 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 performs a process of analyzing the reception quality of the data packet received by the local station data packet reception unit 12.
The database 15 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 is a memory that manages the correspondence between the actual bandwidth of the wireless line and the reception quality.
The correspondence relationship managed in the database 15 is obtained by sampling and recording an actual band corresponding to past reception quality.

回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域決定部１６はデータベース１５に管理されている対応関係を参照して、受信品質解析部１４により解析された受信品質に対応する衛星回線の実帯域を特定し、その実帯域を衛星回線の利用可能な帯域として決定する処理を実施する。
回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域補正部１７は回線帯域決定部１６により過去に決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域の履歴にしたがって、今回決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域を補正する処理を実施する。 The line band determining unit 16 of the line band calculating unit 13 refers to the correspondence relationship managed in the database 15 and identifies the actual band of the satellite line corresponding to the reception quality analyzed by the reception quality analyzing unit 14. A process of determining the band as an available band of the satellite line is performed.
The line bandwidth correcting unit 17 of the line bandwidth calculating unit 13 corrects the available bandwidth of the satellite line determined this time according to the history of the available bandwidth of the satellite line previously determined by the line band determining unit 16. To implement.

データ伝送量制御部１８は例えばＭＰＵを実装している半導体集積回路基板などから構成されており、回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域決定部１６により決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域、あるいは、回線帯域補正部１７により補正された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域に応じてデータパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する処理を実施する。なお、データ伝送量制御部１８は伝送量制御手段を構成している。
パケット受信端末２のデータパケット受信部２１はパケット送信端末１のデータパケット送信部１１から送信されたデータパケットを受信するネットワークインタフェース機器である。
図２はこの発明の実施の形態１による無線伝送システムの処理内容を示すフローチャートである。 The data transmission amount control unit 18 is composed of, for example, a semiconductor integrated circuit board on which an MPU is mounted, and the available bandwidth of the satellite channel determined by the channel bandwidth determination unit 16 of the channel bandwidth calculation unit 13 or A process for controlling the transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 according to the usable bandwidth of the satellite channel corrected by the channel bandwidth correction unit 17 is performed. The data transmission amount control unit 18 constitutes transmission amount control means.
The data packet receiving unit 21 of the packet receiving terminal 2 is a network interface device that receives the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11 of the packet transmitting terminal 1.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing contents of the wireless transmission system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

次に動作について説明する。
まず、パケット送信端末１のデータパケット送信部１１は、衛星回線を利用して、ＩＰマルチキャストアドレスでデータパケットをパケット受信端末２に送信する（ステップＳＴ１）。
パケット受信端末２のデータパケット受信部２１は、上記のＩＰマルチキャストアドレスと同じマルチキャストアドレス（マルチキャストグループともいう）に参加することで、パケット送信端末１から送信されたデータパケットを受信する（ステップＳＴ２１，ＳＴ２２）。
パケット送信端末１の自局データパケット受信部１２も、上記のＩＰマルチキャストアドレスと同じマルチキャストアドレスに参加することで、データパケット送信部１１から送信されたのち、衛星で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する（ステップＳＴ２）。 Next, the operation will be described.
First, the data packet transmitting unit 11 of the packet transmitting terminal 1 transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal 2 using an IP multicast address using a satellite line (step ST1).
The data packet receiving unit 21 of the packet receiving terminal 2 receives the data packet transmitted from the packet transmitting terminal 1 by participating in the same multicast address (also referred to as a multicast group) as the IP multicast address (step ST21, ST22).
The local data packet receiving unit 12 of the packet transmitting terminal 1 also receives the data packet that is transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11 and then returned by the satellite by participating in the same multicast address as the IP multicast address. (Step ST2).

パケット送信端末１の回線帯域算出部１３は、自局データパケット受信部１２がデータパケット送信部１１から送信されたデータパケットを衛星回線経由で受信すると、そのデータパケットの受信品質を算出して、その受信品質から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する。
以下、回線帯域算出部１３の処理内容を具体的に説明する。 When the local station data packet receiver 12 receives the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitter 11 via the satellite line, the line bandwidth calculator 13 of the packet transmission terminal 1 calculates the reception quality of the data packet, The available bandwidth of the satellite line is calculated from the received quality.
The processing contents of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 will be specifically described below.

回線帯域算出部１３の受信品質解析部１４は、自局データパケット受信部１２がデータパケットを受信すると、そのデータパケットの受信品質の指標となる受信レートＲＲiを算出する（ステップＳＴ３）。
受信品質解析部１４における受信レートＲＲiの算出内容については公知の技術であるため詳細な説明を省略する。 When the local data packet receiving unit 12 receives the data packet, the reception quality analyzing unit 14 of the line bandwidth calculating unit 13 calculates a reception rate RR i that is an index of the reception quality of the data packet (step ST3).
Since the calculation content of the reception rate RR i in the reception quality analysis unit 14 is a known technique, detailed description thereof is omitted.

回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域決定部１６は、受信品質解析部１４が受信レートＲＲiを算出すると、データベース１５に管理されている対応関係を参照して、データパケットの受信レートＲＲiに対応する衛星回線の実帯域を特定し、その実帯域を衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiとして決定する。
データベース１５において、例えば、下記に示すような対応関係が管理されているとき、例えば、データパケットの受信レートＲＲiが受信レートＲ３と一致すれば、データパケットの受信レートＲＲiに対応する衛星回線の実帯域がＳ３であると特定し、衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiをＳ３に決定する。
あるいは、データパケットの受信レートＲＲiが受信レートＲ２と受信レートＲ３の間であり、その受信レートＲＲiが受信レートＲ３より、受信レートＲ２に近ければ、データパケットの受信レートＲＲiに対応する衛星回線の実帯域がＳ２であると特定し、衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiをＳ２に決定する。 When the reception quality analysis unit 14 calculates the reception rate RR i , the line bandwidth determination unit 16 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 refers to the correspondence managed in the database 15 and corresponds to the reception rate RR i of the data packet. The actual bandwidth of the satellite link to be identified is specified, and the actual bandwidth is determined as the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite link.
In the database 15, for example, when the correspondence is managed as shown below, for example, if they match the reception rate RR i data packet and reception rate R3, satellite link corresponding to the received rate RR i of the data packets Is determined to be S3, and the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line is determined to be S3.
Alternatively, if the reception rate RR i of the data packet is between the reception rate R2 and the reception rate R3, and the reception rate RR i is closer to the reception rate R2 than the reception rate R3, it corresponds to the reception rate RR i of the data packet. The actual bandwidth of the satellite line is specified as S2, and the available bandwidth SR i of the satellite line is determined as S2.

・データベース１５に管理されている対応関係
受信レート 衛星回線の実帯域
Ｒ１ → Ｓ１
Ｒ２ → Ｓ２
Ｒ３ → Ｓ３
Ｒ４ → Ｓ４
：
：
ＲＮ → ＳＮ Correspondence relationship managed in the database 15 Reception rate Actual bandwidth of the satellite line R1 → S1
R2 → S2
R3 → S3
R4 → S4
:
:
RN → SN

ここでは、回線帯域決定部１６がデータパケットの受信レートＲＲiに対応する衛星回線の実帯域を特定し、その実帯域を衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiとして決定するものについて示したが、データパケットの受信レートＲＲiを衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiとして決定するようにしてもよい（ステップＳＴ４）。
この実施の形態１では、回線帯域決定部１６により決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを回線帯域補正部１７に出力するものとするが、回線帯域補正部１７に出力せずに、データ伝送量制御部１８に出力するようにしてもよい。 In this example, the line bandwidth determination unit 16 specifies the actual bandwidth of the satellite line corresponding to the reception rate RR i of the data packet and determines the actual bandwidth as the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line. The packet reception rate RR i may be determined as the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line (step ST4).
In the first embodiment, the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line determined by the line band determining unit 16 is output to the line band correcting unit 17, but without being output to the line band correcting unit 17, You may make it output to the data transmission amount control part 18. FIG.

回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域補正部１７は、回線帯域決定部１６から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを受けると、過去に決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域の履歴にしたがって、今回決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを補正する。
即ち、回線帯域補正部１７は、回線帯域決定部１６により今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiを履歴として保存するとともに（ステップＳＴ５）、回線帯域決定部１６により今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiと前回決定された回線帯域ＳＲi-1との差分Ｄi（＝ＳＲi-1−ＳＲi）を算出する（ステップＳＴ６）。 When the line bandwidth correction unit 17 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 receives the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line from the line bandwidth determination unit 16, this time according to the history of the available bandwidth of the satellite line determined in the past. The available band SR i of the determined satellite link is corrected.
That is, the line band correction unit 17 stores the line band SR i determined this time by the line band determination unit 16 as a history (step ST5), and the line band SR i currently determined by the line band determination unit 16 and the previous time. A difference D i (= SR i−1 −SR i ) from the determined line bandwidth SR i−1 is calculated (step ST6).

ここで、差分Ｄiが大きい程、回線品質が悪いことになり、差分の履歴（・・・Ｄi-3，Ｄi-2，Ｄi-1，Ｄi）が大きくなってきていれば、回線品質が悪化してきていると想定することができる。
一方、差分の履歴（・・・Ｄi-3，Ｄi-2，Ｄi-1，Ｄi）が小さくなってきていれば（０に近い状態）、回線品質が回復してきていると想定することができる。 Here, the greater the difference D i, the worse the line quality, and the difference history (... D i−3 , D i−2 , D i−1 , D i ) becomes larger. It can be assumed that the line quality is getting worse.
On the other hand, if the difference history (... D i-3 , D i-2 , D i-1 , D i ) has become smaller (close to 0), it is assumed that the line quality has recovered. can do.

次に、回線帯域補正部１７は、差分の履歴Ｄi-2，Ｄi-1，Ｄiと今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiから、下記に示すように、回線品質の評価値Ｗを算出し（ステップＳＴ７）、その評価値Ｗを所定の閾値αと比較する（ステップＳＴ８）。
Ｗ＝（（Ｄi＋Ｄi-1＋Ｄi-2）／３）／ＳＲi
回線帯域補正部１７は、評価値Ｗが閾値αより大きければ、回線品質が悪化してきていると想定し、下記に示すように、今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiが幾分小さい値になるように補正する（ステップＳＴ９）。
ＳＲi＝ＳＲi×（１−Ｗ）
一方、評価値Ｗが閾値α以下であれば、回線品質が回復してきていると想定し、下記に示すように、今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiが幾分大きい値になるように補正する（ステップＳＴ１０）。
ＳＲi＝ＳＲi×β ただし、β＞１．０ Next, the line bandwidth correction unit 17 calculates a line quality evaluation value W from the difference histories D i-2 , D i-1 , D i and the currently determined line bandwidth SR i as shown below. Then, the evaluation value W is compared with a predetermined threshold value α (step ST8).
W = ((D i + D i-1 + D i-2 ) / 3) / SR i
If the evaluation value W is greater than the threshold value α, the line bandwidth correction unit 17 assumes that the line quality has deteriorated, and the line bandwidth SR i determined this time becomes a somewhat smaller value as shown below. (Step ST9).
SR i = SR i × (1-W)
On the other hand, if the evaluation value W is equal to or less than the threshold value α, it is assumed that the line quality has been recovered, and correction is made so that the line band SR i determined this time becomes a somewhat large value as shown below ( Step ST10).
SR i = SR i × β where β> 1.0

パケット送信端末１のデータ伝送量制御部１８は、回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域補正部１７（または、回線帯域決定部１６）から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを受けると、その回線帯域ＳＲiに応じてデータパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する。
即ち、データ伝送量制御部１８は、データパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの送信レートが回線帯域ＳＲiと一致するように、送信対象のパケットの数・間隔・サイズを調整する（ステップＳＴ１１）。
例えば、パケット送信端末１が、カメラにより撮影されたライブ映像を伝送する場合、データ伝送量制御部１８が映像や音声のエンコーダの機能を果たし、回線帯域補正部１７から出力された回線帯域ＳＲiをエンコーダの目標符号化レートに再設定して、エンコードを実施するようにする。
以下、データの送信が終了するまで（ステップＳＴ１３）、ステップＳＴ１〜ＳＴ１２の処理を繰り返し実施する。 When the data transmission amount control unit 18 of the packet transmission terminal 1 receives the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite channel from the channel bandwidth correction unit 17 (or the channel bandwidth determination unit 16) of the channel bandwidth calculation unit 13, the channel bandwidth The transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 is controlled according to SR i .
That is, the data transmission amount control unit 18 adjusts the number, interval, and size of the transmission target packets so that the transmission rate of the data packets transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 matches the line bandwidth SR i (step). ST11).
For example, when the packet transmission terminal 1 transmits live video captured by a camera, the data transmission amount control unit 18 functions as a video or audio encoder, and the line bandwidth SR i output from the line bandwidth correction unit 17. Is set to the target encoding rate of the encoder to perform encoding.
Thereafter, the processes of steps ST1 to ST12 are repeatedly performed until the data transmission is completed (step ST13).

以上で明らかなように、この実施の形態１によれば、衛星回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末２に送信するデータパケット送信部１１と、データパケット送信部１１から送信されたのち、衛星で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する自局データパケット受信部１２と、自局データパケット受信部１２により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出部１３とを備え、データ伝送量制御部１８が回線帯域算出部１３により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じてデータパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御するように構成したので、データパケットの伝送量の適正化を図ることができるようになり、その結果、データパケットの欠落を防止することができる効果を奏する。   As is apparent from the above, according to the first embodiment, the data packet transmitting unit 11 that transmits the data packet to the packet receiving terminal 2 using the satellite line and the data packet transmitting unit 11 transmit the data packet. A local station data packet receiving unit 12 that receives a data packet returned by a satellite, and a line band calculating unit that calculates a usable bandwidth of the radio channel from the reception quality of the data packet received by the local station data packet receiving unit 12 13, and the data transmission amount control unit 18 is configured to control the transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 in accordance with the available bandwidth calculated by the line bandwidth calculation unit 13. This makes it possible to optimize the transmission amount of data packets and, as a result, prevent data packets from being lost. Achieve the kill effect.

また、この実施の形態１によれば、回線帯域補正部１７が回線帯域決定部１６により過去に決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域の履歴にしたがって、今回決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域を補正するように構成したので、回線帯域の悪化傾向あるいは回復傾向を見込んだ帯域で伝送量の適正化を図ることができるようになり、データパケットの欠落をさらに確実に防止することができる効果を奏する。   Further, according to the first embodiment, the line bandwidth correction unit 17 can use the satellite line determined this time according to the history of the available bandwidth of the satellite line determined by the line band determination unit 16 in the past. Since it is configured to correct the bandwidth, it becomes possible to optimize the amount of transmission in a bandwidth that anticipates a trend of deterioration or recovery of the line bandwidth, and it is possible to more reliably prevent data packets from being lost. There is an effect.

なお、この実施の形態１では、回線帯域算出部１３の受信品質解析部１４が、パケットの受信品質として、パケットの受信レートＲＲiだけを算出するものについて示したが、これに限るものではなく、例えば、パケットの受信レートＲＲi、パケットロス率及び受信間隔の揺らぎ（ジッタ値）を算出して、例えば、これらの総和などをパケットの受信品質として算出するようにしてもよい。 In the first embodiment, the reception quality analysis unit 14 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 calculates only the packet reception rate RR i as the packet reception quality. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the packet reception rate RR i , the packet loss rate, and the fluctuation (jitter value) of the reception interval may be calculated, and for example, the sum of these may be calculated as the packet reception quality.

ここで、パケットロス率は、データパケット送信部１１から送信されたデータパケットの数と、自局データパケット受信部１２により受信することができなかったデータパケットの数（欠損したデータパケットの数）の割合である。なお、欠損したパケットの数を受信側で識別するために、データパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットのヘッダ等にシーケンス番号を記載しておくようにする。
また、ジッタ値は、パケットの送信間隔と受信間隔の揺らぎを示すものである。通常、無線回線では電波干渉などによるビット誤りを補正するために下位の通信レイヤーにて誤り訂正対策が施されている。回線の通信状況が悪いとビット誤り発生率が高くなり、誤り訂正処理に費やす時間が大きくなり、結果として、ジッタ値が大きくなる。 Here, the packet loss rate includes the number of data packets transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11 and the number of data packets that could not be received by the local data packet receiving unit 12 (number of missing data packets). Is the ratio. In order to identify the number of lost packets on the receiving side, the sequence number is described in the header of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11.
The jitter value indicates fluctuations in the packet transmission interval and the reception interval. Normally, in a wireless line, error correction measures are taken in a lower communication layer in order to correct bit errors due to radio wave interference and the like. If the communication status of the line is poor, the bit error occurrence rate increases, and the time spent for error correction processing increases, resulting in an increased jitter value.

また、回線帯域算出部１３の受信品質解析部１４が、パケットの受信レートＲＲi、パケットロス率及び受信間隔の揺らぎ（ジッタ値）の他に、ビットエラー率及びバーストエラー率を加味するようにしてもよい。
ビットエラー率及びバーストエラー率は、データパケット送信部１１から送信されたデータパケットのビット値と、自局データパケット受信部１２により受信されたデータパケットのビット値とを比較して、どれだけビット値が変わっているか、どれだけ連続してビットエラーが発生しているかを調べることで算出することができる。 Also, the reception quality analysis unit 14 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 considers the bit error rate and the burst error rate in addition to the packet reception rate RR i , the packet loss rate, and the fluctuation (jitter value) of the reception interval. May be.
The bit error rate and the burst error rate are determined by comparing the bit value of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11 with the bit value of the data packet received by the local data packet receiving unit 12, and how many bits It can be calculated by checking whether the value has changed and how many bit errors have occurred continuously.

実施の形態２．
図３はこの発明の実施の形態２による無線伝送システムを示す構成図であり、図において、図１と同一符号は同一または相当部分を示すので説明を省略する。
回線解析用パケット受信部１９は例えば無線機やアンテナなどから構成されているネットワークインタフェース機器であり、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信された回線解析用パケットを受信する処理を実施する。なお、回線解析用パケット受信部１９は回線解析用パケット受信手段を構成している。
回線解析用パケット送信部２２は例えば無線機やアンテナなどから構成されているネットワークインタフェース機器であり、回線解析用パケットをパケット送信端末１に送信する処理を実施する。
図４はこの発明の実施の形態２による無線伝送システムの処理内容を示すフローチャートである。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a radio transmission system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
The line analysis packet receiving unit 19 is a network interface device composed of, for example, a radio or an antenna, and performs processing for receiving the line analysis packet transmitted from the line analysis packet transmitting unit 22 of the packet receiving terminal 2. carry out. The line analysis packet receiving unit 19 constitutes a line analysis packet receiving means.
The line analysis packet transmission unit 22 is a network interface device including, for example, a wireless device, an antenna, and the like, and performs a process of transmitting the line analysis packet to the packet transmission terminal 1.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the processing contents of the wireless transmission system according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

上記実施の形態１では、パケット送信端末１のデータパケット送信部１１から送信されたデータパケットを、パケット送信端末１の自局データパケット受信部１２が受信することで、回線帯域算出部１３が回線帯域を算出するものについて示したが、上記実施の形態１では、無線回線として衛星回線を利用する場合、パケット送信端末１と衛星間だけの通信状況から回線帯域を算出していることになる。
そこで、この実施の形態２では、パケット送信端末１と衛星間の通信状況だけでなく、パケット受信端末２と衛星間の通信状況も考慮することで、さらに適正な回線帯域を算出するようにしている。 In the first embodiment, the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting unit 11 of the packet transmitting terminal 1 is received by the local data packet receiving unit 12 of the packet transmitting terminal 1, so that the line bandwidth calculating unit 13 In the first embodiment, when a satellite line is used as a wireless line, the line band is calculated from the communication state between the packet transmission terminal 1 and the satellite.
Therefore, in the second embodiment, not only the communication status between the packet transmitting terminal 1 and the satellite but also the communication status between the packet receiving terminal 2 and the satellite is taken into consideration, so that a more appropriate line bandwidth is calculated. Yes.

次に動作について説明する。
まず、パケット送信端末１のデータパケット送信部１１は、衛星回線を利用して、ＩＰマルチキャストアドレスでデータパケットをパケット受信端末２に送信する（ステップＳＴ３１）。
パケット受信端末２のデータパケット受信部２１は、上記のＩＰマルチキャストアドレスと同じマルチキャストアドレス（マルチキャストグループともいう）に参加することで、パケット送信端末１から送信されたデータパケットを受信する（ステップＳＴ５１，ＳＴ５２）。 Next, the operation will be described.
First, the data packet transmitting unit 11 of the packet transmitting terminal 1 transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal 2 using an IP multicast address using a satellite line (step ST31).
The data packet receiving unit 21 of the packet receiving terminal 2 receives the data packet transmitted from the packet transmitting terminal 1 by participating in the same multicast address (also referred to as a multicast group) as the IP multicast address (step ST51, ST52).

また、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２は、データパケット受信部２１がパケット送信端末１から送信されたデータパケットを受信すると、回線解析用パケットを所定に間隔でパケット送信端末１に繰り返し送信する（ステップＳＴ５３，ＳＴ５４）。
ここで、回線解析用パケットは、どのようなデータでも構わないが、例えば、ビット値が全て“０”のデータパケットを送信してもよいし、パケット送信端末１側に伝送したいデータがあれば、そのデータをパケット化して送信してもよい。
また、パケット送信端末１における回線帯域の予測精度を更に向上させるために、データパケット受信部２１により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質を送信するようにしてもよい。
ただし、回線解析用パケットは、予め決められたサイズ及び間隔で伝送し続けることとする。 Further, the line analysis packet transmitter 22 of the packet receiving terminal 2 receives the data packet transmitted from the packet transmitting terminal 1 by the data packet receiving unit 21 and sends the line analyzing packet to the packet transmitting terminal 1 at predetermined intervals. Transmit repeatedly (steps ST53 and ST54).
Here, the line analysis packet may be any data. For example, a data packet having all bit values “0” may be transmitted, or if there is data to be transmitted to the packet transmitting terminal 1 side. The data may be packetized and transmitted.
Further, in order to further improve the prediction accuracy of the line bandwidth in the packet transmitting terminal 1, the reception quality of the data packet received by the data packet receiving unit 21 may be transmitted.
However, the line analysis packet continues to be transmitted at a predetermined size and interval.

パケット送信端末１の回線解析用パケット受信部１９は、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信された回線解析用パケットを受信する（ステップＳＴ３２）。
パケット送信端末１の回線帯域算出部１３は、回線解析用パケット受信部１９がパケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信された回線解析用パケットを受信すると、その回線解析用パケットの受信品質を算出して、その受信品質から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する。
以下、回線帯域算出部１３の処理内容を具体的に説明する。 The line analysis packet receiver 19 of the packet transmission terminal 1 receives the line analysis packet transmitted from the line analysis packet transmitter 22 of the packet reception terminal 2 (step ST32).
When the line analyzing packet receiving unit 19 receives the line analyzing packet transmitted from the line analyzing packet transmitting unit 22 of the packet receiving terminal 2, the line band calculating unit 13 of the packet transmitting terminal 1 receives the line analyzing packet. The reception quality is calculated, and the usable bandwidth of the satellite line is calculated from the reception quality.
The processing contents of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 will be specifically described below.

回線帯域算出部１３の受信品質解析部１４は、回線解析用パケット受信部１９が回線解析用パケットを受信すると、その回線解析用パケットの受信品質の指標となる受信レートＲＲi、パケットロス率ＰＬi、受信間隔の揺らぎであるジッタＪiを算出する（ステップＳＴ３３）。
なお、上記実施の形態１と同様に、受信レートＲＲiだけを算出するようにしてもよいが、回線解析用パケット受信部１９により受信される回線解析用パケットは、データパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットと性質が異なるパケットであるため、回線解析用パケットの受信レートＲＲiだけでは、回線帯域を算出することが困難である場合があるため、パケットロス率ＰＬiとジッタＪiも算出するようにしている。 When the line analysis packet receiving unit 19 receives the line analysis packet, the reception quality analysis unit 14 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 receives the reception rate RR i and the packet loss rate PL that are indicators of the reception quality of the line analysis packet. i , Jitter J i which is fluctuation of the reception interval is calculated (step ST33).
As in the first embodiment, only the reception rate RR i may be calculated. However, the line analysis packet received by the line analysis packet receiver 19 is transmitted from the data packet transmitter 11. The packet loss rate PL i and the jitter J i are also different because it may be difficult to calculate the line bandwidth only with the reception rate RR i of the line analysis packet. I am trying to calculate.

ここで、性質の異なるとは、パケット送信端末１からパケット受信端末２に至る通信回線と、パケット受信端末２からパケット送信端末１に至る通信回線とで、割り与えられる回線リソースが異なる非対称なネットワークなどが考えられる。
例えば、パケット送信端末１からパケット受信端末２へのデータパケットは１Ｍｂｐｓで送信するが、パケット受信端末２からパケット送信端末１への回線解析用パケットは通信コストを抑えるために１００ｋｂｐｓに上限値が設定される場合などが考えられる。
このとき、仮にパケット送信端末１からパケット受信端末２へのデータパケットが１Ｍｂｐｓから半分の５００ｋｂｐｓまで実回線帯域が低下したとしても、パケット受信端末２からパケット送信端末１への回線解析用パケットは１００ｋｂｐｓで受信し続けることができるかもしれない。このため、回線解析用パケットの受信レートＲＲiだけでは、的確なデータパケットの回線帯域を算出できないことも考えられる。
これらの理由から、この実施の形態２におけるパケット送信端末１の受信品質解析部１４では、回線解析用パケットの受信レートＲＲiだけでなく、パケットロス率ＰＬiとジッタＪiも算出するようにしている。 Here, the difference in properties means an asymmetric network in which line resources allocated are different between a communication line from the packet transmission terminal 1 to the packet reception terminal 2 and a communication line from the packet reception terminal 2 to the packet transmission terminal 1. And so on.
For example, a data packet from the packet transmission terminal 1 to the packet reception terminal 2 is transmitted at 1 Mbps, but a line analysis packet from the packet reception terminal 2 to the packet transmission terminal 1 has an upper limit set at 100 kbps in order to reduce communication costs. The case where it is done is considered.
At this time, even if the actual line bandwidth of the data packet from the packet transmission terminal 1 to the packet reception terminal 2 decreases from 1 Mbps to half of 500 kbps, the line analysis packet from the packet reception terminal 2 to the packet transmission terminal 1 is 100 kbps. You may be able to continue receiving at. For this reason, it is conceivable that an accurate line bandwidth of a data packet cannot be calculated only with the reception rate RR i of the line analysis packet.
For these reasons, the reception quality analysis unit 14 of the packet transmission terminal 1 according to the second embodiment calculates not only the line analysis packet reception rate RR i but also the packet loss rate PL i and the jitter J i. ing.

ここで、パケットロス率は、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信された回線解析用パケットの数と、パケット送信端末１の回線解析用パケット受信部１９により受信することができなかった回線解析用パケットの数（欠損した回線解析用パケットの数）の割合である。なお、欠損したパケットの数をパケット送信端末１側で識別するために、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信される回線解析用パケットのヘッダ等にシーケンス番号を記載しておくようにする。
また、ジッタ値は、パケットの送信間隔と受信間隔の揺らぎを示すものである。通常、無線回線では電波干渉などによるビット誤りを補正するために下位の通信レイヤーにて誤り訂正対策が施されている。回線の通信状況が悪いとビット誤り発生率が高くなり、誤り訂正処理に費やす時間が大きくなり、結果として、ジッタ値が大きくなる。 Here, the packet loss rate can be received by the number of line analysis packets transmitted from the line analysis packet transmitting unit 22 of the packet receiving terminal 2 and the line analysis packet receiving unit 19 of the packet transmitting terminal 1. This is the ratio of the number of line analysis packets that were not present (number of missing line analysis packets). In order to identify the number of lost packets on the packet transmission terminal 1 side, a sequence number is written in the header of the line analysis packet transmitted from the line analysis packet transmitter 22 of the packet reception terminal 2. Like that.
The jitter value indicates fluctuations in the packet transmission interval and the reception interval. Normally, in a wireless line, error correction measures are taken in a lower communication layer in order to correct bit errors due to radio wave interference and the like. If the communication status of the line is poor, the bit error occurrence rate increases, and the time spent for error correction processing increases, resulting in an increased jitter value.

回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域決定部１６は、受信品質解析部１４が回線解析用パケットの受信品質を解析すると（例えば、受信レートＲＲi、パケットロス率ＰＬi及びジッタＪiの総和を回線解析用パケットの受信品質として算出する）、データベース１５に管理されている対応関係を参照して、回線解析用パケットの受信品質に対応する衛星回線の実帯域を特定し、その実帯域を衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiとして決定する。
データベース１５において、例えば、下記に示すような対応関係が管理されているとき、例えば、回線解析用パケットの受信品質が受信品質Ｒ３と一致すれば、回線解析用パケットの受信品質に対応する衛星回線の実帯域がＳ３であると特定し、衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiをＳ３に決定する。
あるいは、回線解析用パケットの受信品質が受信品質Ｒ２と受信品質Ｒ３の間であり、その回線解析用パケットの受信品質が受信品質Ｒ３より、受信品質Ｒ２に近ければ、回線解析用パケットの受信品質に対応する衛星回線の実帯域がＳ２であると特定し、衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiをＳ２に決定する。 The line bandwidth determination unit 16 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 analyzes the reception quality of the line analysis packet by the reception quality analysis unit 14 (for example, the line sum is obtained from the reception rate RR i , the packet loss rate PL i and the jitter J i (Referred to as the reception quality of the analysis packet), with reference to the correspondence relationship managed in the database 15, the actual bandwidth of the satellite line corresponding to the reception quality of the line analysis packet is specified, and the actual bandwidth of the satellite link is determined. It is determined as an available band SR i .
In the database 15, for example, when the correspondence relationship shown below is managed, for example, if the reception quality of the line analysis packet matches the reception quality R3, the satellite line corresponding to the reception quality of the line analysis packet Is determined to be S3, and the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line is determined to be S3.
Alternatively, if the reception quality of the line analysis packet is between the reception quality R2 and the reception quality R3 and the reception quality of the line analysis packet is closer to the reception quality R2 than the reception quality R3, the reception quality of the line analysis packet The actual bandwidth of the satellite line corresponding to is specified as S2, and the available bandwidth SR i of the satellite line is determined as S2.

・データベース１５に管理されている対応関係
受信品質 衛星回線の実帯域
Ｒ１ → Ｓ１
Ｒ２ → Ｓ２
Ｒ３ → Ｓ３
Ｒ４ → Ｓ４
：
：
ＲＮ → ＳＮ Correspondence relationship managed in database 15 Reception quality Actual bandwidth of satellite line R1 → S1
R2 → S2
R3 → S3
R4 → S4
:
:
RN → SN

この実施の形態２では、回線帯域決定部１６により決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを回線帯域補正部１７に出力するものとするが、回線帯域補正部１７に出力せずに、データ伝送量制御部１８に出力するようにしてもよい。 In the second embodiment, the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line determined by the line band determining unit 16 is output to the line band correcting unit 17, but without being output to the line band correcting unit 17, You may make it output to the data transmission amount control part 18. FIG.

回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域補正部１７は、回線帯域決定部１６から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを受けると、上記実施の形態１と同様に、過去に決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域の履歴にしたがって、今回決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを補正する。
即ち、回線帯域補正部１７は、回線帯域決定部１６により今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiを履歴として保存するとともに（ステップＳＴ３５）、回線帯域決定部１６により今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiと前回決定された回線帯域ＳＲi-1との差分Ｄi（＝ＳＲi-1−ＳＲi）を算出する（ステップＳＴ３６）。 When the line bandwidth correction unit 17 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 receives the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite line from the line bandwidth determination unit 16, as in the first embodiment, the use of the satellite line determined in the past is used. The available bandwidth SR i of the satellite link determined this time is corrected according to the history of the available bandwidth.
That is, the line band correction unit 17 stores the line band SR i determined this time by the line band determination unit 16 as a history (step ST35), and the line band SR i currently determined by the line band determination unit 16 and the previous time. A difference D i (= SR i−1 −SR i ) from the determined line bandwidth SR i−1 is calculated (step ST36).

ここで、差分Ｄiが大きい程、回線品質が悪いことになり、差分の履歴（・・・Ｄi-3，Ｄi-2，Ｄi-1，Ｄi）が大きくなってきていれば、回線品質が悪化してきていると想定することができる。
一方、差分の履歴（・・・Ｄi-3，Ｄi-2，Ｄi-1，Ｄi）が小さくなってきていれば（０に近い状態）、回線品質が回復してきていると想定することができる。 Here, the greater the difference D i, the worse the line quality, and the difference history (... D i−3 , D i−2 , D i−1 , D i ) becomes larger. It can be assumed that the line quality is getting worse.
On the other hand, if the difference history (... D i-3 , D i-2 , D i-1 , D i ) has become smaller (close to 0), it is assumed that the line quality has recovered. can do.

次に、回線帯域補正部１７は、差分の履歴Ｄi-2，Ｄi-1，Ｄiと今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiから、下記に示すように、回線品質の評価値Ｗを算出し（ステップＳＴ３７）、その評価値Ｗを所定の閾値αと比較する（ステップＳＴ３８）。
Ｗ＝（（Ｄi＋Ｄi-1＋Ｄi-2）／３）／ＳＲi
回線帯域補正部１７は、評価値Ｗが閾値αより大きければ、回線品質が悪化してきていると想定し、下記に示すように、今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiが幾分小さい値になるように補正する（ステップＳＴ３９）。
ＳＲi＝ＳＲi×（１−Ｗ）
一方、評価値Ｗが閾値α以下であれば、回線品質が回復してきていると想定し、下記に示すように、今回決定された回線帯域ＳＲiが幾分大きい値になるように補正する（ステップＳＴ４０）。
ＳＲi＝ＳＲi×β ただし、β＞１．０ Next, the line bandwidth correction unit 17 calculates a line quality evaluation value W from the difference histories D i-2 , D i-1 , D i and the currently determined line bandwidth SR i as shown below. Then, the evaluation value W is compared with a predetermined threshold value α (step ST38).
W = ((D i + D i-1 + D i-2 ) / 3) / SR i
If the evaluation value W is greater than the threshold value α, the line bandwidth correction unit 17 assumes that the line quality has deteriorated, and the line bandwidth SR i determined this time becomes a somewhat smaller value as shown below. (Step ST39).
SR i = SR i × (1-W)
On the other hand, if the evaluation value W is equal to or less than the threshold value α, it is assumed that the line quality has been recovered, and correction is made so that the line band SR i determined this time becomes a somewhat large value as shown below ( Step ST40).
SR i = SR i × β where β> 1.0

パケット送信端末１のデータ伝送量制御部１８は、回線帯域算出部１３の回線帯域補正部１７（または、回線帯域決定部１６）から衛星回線の利用可能な帯域ＳＲiを受けると、その回線帯域ＳＲiに応じてデータパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する。
即ち、データ伝送量制御部１８は、データパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの送信レートが回線帯域ＳＲiと一致するように、送信対象のパケットの数・間隔・サイズを調整する（ステップＳＴ４１）。
例えば、パケット送信端末１が、カメラにより撮影されたライブ映像を伝送する場合、データ伝送量制御部１８が映像や音声のエンコーダの機能を果たし、回線帯域補正部１７から出力された回線帯域ＳＲiをエンコーダの目標符号化レートに再設定して、エンコードを実施するようにする。
以下、データの送信が終了するまで（ステップＳＴ４３）、ステップＳＴ３１〜ＳＴ４２の処理を繰り返し実施する。 When the data transmission amount control unit 18 of the packet transmission terminal 1 receives the usable bandwidth SR i of the satellite channel from the channel bandwidth correction unit 17 (or the channel bandwidth determination unit 16) of the channel bandwidth calculation unit 13, the channel bandwidth The transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 is controlled according to SR i .
That is, the data transmission amount control unit 18 adjusts the number, interval, and size of the transmission target packets so that the transmission rate of the data packets transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 matches the line bandwidth SR i (step). ST41).
For example, when the packet transmission terminal 1 transmits live video captured by a camera, the data transmission amount control unit 18 functions as a video or audio encoder, and the line bandwidth SR i output from the line bandwidth correction unit 17. Is set to the target encoding rate of the encoder to perform encoding.
Thereafter, the processes of steps ST31 to ST42 are repeated until the data transmission is completed (step ST43).

以上で明らかなように、この実施の形態２によれば、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信された回線解析用パケットを受信する回線解析用パケット受信部１９と、回線解析用パケット受信部１９により受信された回線解析用パケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出部１３とを備え、データ伝送量制御部１８が回線帯域算出部１３により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じてデータパケット送信部１１から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御するように構成したので、データパケットの伝送量の適正化を図ることができるようになり、その結果、データパケットの欠落を防止することができる効果を奏する。   As is apparent from the above, according to the second embodiment, the line analysis packet receiving unit 19 that receives the line analysis packet transmitted from the line analysis packet transmitting unit 22 of the packet receiving terminal 2, and the line analysis And a line bandwidth calculation unit 13 for calculating a usable bandwidth of the wireless line from the reception quality of the line analysis packet received by the packet reception unit 19, and the data transmission amount control unit 18 calculates by the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 Since the transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit 11 is controlled according to the available bandwidth, the transmission amount of the data packet can be optimized. As a result, it is possible to prevent data packets from being lost.

また、この実施の形態２によれば、回線帯域補正部１７が回線帯域決定部１６により過去に決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域の履歴にしたがって、今回決定された衛星回線の利用可能な帯域を補正するように構成したので、回線帯域の悪化傾向あるいは回復傾向を見込んだ帯域で伝送量の適正化を図ることができるようになり、データパケットの欠落をさらに確実に防止することができる効果を奏する。   Further, according to the second embodiment, the line bandwidth correction unit 17 can use the satellite line determined this time according to the history of the available bandwidth of the satellite line determined by the line band determination unit 16 in the past. Since it is configured to correct the bandwidth, it becomes possible to optimize the amount of transmission in a bandwidth that anticipates a trend of deterioration or recovery of the line bandwidth, and it is possible to more reliably prevent data packets from being lost. There is an effect.

なお、この実施の形態２における回線帯域算出部１３では、データパケットとは異なる回線解析用パケットからデータパケットを送信するときの利用可能な回線帯域を予測するため、上記実施の形態１の方式と比較して、予測精度が低くなることも考えられるが、受信解析情報の情報量や項目数が多いほど、より的確な回線帯域を予測することができる。   The line bandwidth calculation unit 13 according to the second embodiment predicts the available line bandwidth when transmitting a data packet from a line analysis packet different from the data packet. In comparison, although the prediction accuracy may be lowered, the more accurate the line bandwidth can be predicted as the amount of reception analysis information and the number of items increase.

この実施の形態２では、回線帯域算出部１３の受信品質解析部１４が、パケットの受信レートＲＲi、パケットロス率ＰＬi及びジッタＪiを算出するものについて示したが、さらに、ビットエラー率及びバーストエラー率を加味するようにしてもよい。
ビットエラー率及びバーストエラー率は、パケット受信端末２の回線解析用パケット送信部２２から送信された回線解析用パケットのビット値と、回線解析用パケット受信部１９により受信された回線解析用パケットのビット値とを比較して、どれだけビット値が変わっているか、どれだけ連続してビットエラーが発生しているかを調べることで算出することができる。 In the second embodiment, the case where the reception quality analysis unit 14 of the line bandwidth calculation unit 13 calculates the packet reception rate RR i , the packet loss rate PL i and the jitter J i has been described. In addition, the burst error rate may be taken into account.
The bit error rate and the burst error rate are the bit value of the line analysis packet transmitted from the line analysis packet transmitter 22 of the packet receiving terminal 2 and the line analysis packet received by the line analysis packet receiver 19. It can be calculated by comparing the bit value and examining how much the bit value has changed and how many bit errors have occurred continuously.

この発明の実施の形態１による無線伝送システムを示す構成図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a block diagram which shows the radio | wireless transmission system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態１による無線伝送システムの処理内容を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the radio | wireless transmission system by Embodiment 1 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態２による無線伝送システムを示す構成図である。It is a block diagram which shows the radio | wireless transmission system by Embodiment 2 of this invention. この発明の実施の形態２による無線伝送システムの処理内容を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows the processing content of the radio | wireless transmission system by Embodiment 2 of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ パケット送信端末、２ パケット受信端末、３ ネットワーク、１１ データパケット送信部（データパケット送信手段）、１２ 自局データパケット受信部（自局データパケット受信手段）、１３ 回線帯域算出部（回線帯域算出手段）、１４ 受信品質解析部、１５ データベース、１６ 回線帯域決定部、１７ 回線帯域補正部、１８ データ伝送量制御部（伝送量制御手段）、１９ 回線解析用パケット受信部（回線解析用パケット受信手段）、２１ データパケット受信部、２２ 回線解析用パケット送信部。   1 packet transmitting terminal, 2 packet receiving terminal, 3 network, 11 data packet transmitting section (data packet transmitting means), 12 own station data packet receiving section (own station data packet receiving means), 13 line bandwidth calculating section (line bandwidth calculating) Means), 14 reception quality analysis section, 15 database, 16 line bandwidth determination section, 17 line bandwidth correction section, 18 data transmission volume control section (transmission volume control means), 19 line analysis packet reception section (line analysis packet reception) Means), 21 data packet receiver, 22 line analysis packet transmitter.

Claims (9)

パケット送信端末が無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信する無線伝送システムにおいて、上記パケット送信端末が、無線回線を利用してデータパケットを上記パケット受信端末に送信するデータパケット送信手段と、上記データパケット送信手段から送信されたのち、無線回線で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する自局データパケット受信手段と、上記自局データパケット受信手段により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出手段と、上記回線帯域算出手段により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じて上記データパケット送信手段から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する伝送量制御手段とを備えていることを特徴とする無線伝送システム。   In a wireless transmission system in which a packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to a packet receiving terminal using a wireless line, the packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal using a wireless line. A local data packet receiving means for receiving a data packet which is transmitted from the data packet transmitting means and then looped back on a wireless line; and a wireless packet based on the reception quality of the data packet received by the local data packet receiving means. A line bandwidth calculating means for calculating a usable bandwidth of the line, and a transmission amount for controlling a transmission amount of the data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting means in accordance with the available bandwidth calculated by the line bandwidth calculating means A wireless transmission system comprising: a control unit; パケット送信端末が無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信する無線伝送システムにおいて、上記パケット送信端末が、無線回線を利用してデータパケットを上記パケット受信端末に送信するデータパケット送信手段と、上記パケット受信端末から送信された回線解析用のパケットを受信する回線解析用パケット受信手段と、上記回線解析用パケット受信手段により受信された回線解析用のパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出手段と、上記回線帯域算出手段により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じて上記データパケット送信手段から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する伝送量制御手段とを備えていることを特徴とする無線伝送システム。   In a wireless transmission system in which a packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to a packet receiving terminal using a wireless line, the packet transmitting terminal transmits a data packet to the packet receiving terminal using a wireless line. A line analysis packet receiving means for receiving the line analysis packet transmitted from the packet receiving terminal, and the use of the radio line from the reception quality of the line analysis packet received by the line analysis packet receiving means. Line bandwidth calculating means for calculating a possible bandwidth, and transmission amount control means for controlling the amount of data packets transmitted from the data packet transmitting means in accordance with the available bandwidth calculated by the line bandwidth calculating means; A wireless transmission system comprising: 無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信するデータパケット送信手段と、上記データパケット送信手段から送信されたのち、無線回線で折り返されたデータパケットを受信する自局データパケット受信手段と、上記自局データパケット受信手段により受信されたデータパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出手段と、上記回線帯域算出手段により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じて上記データパケット送信手段から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する伝送量制御手段とを備えたパケット送信端末。   A data packet transmitting means for transmitting a data packet to a packet receiving terminal using a wireless line; and a local data packet receiving means for receiving a data packet transmitted from the data packet transmitting means and then returned by the wireless line; A line bandwidth calculating means for calculating a usable bandwidth of the radio line from the reception quality of the data packet received by the local station data packet receiving means, and a usable bandwidth calculated by the line bandwidth calculating means. A packet transmission terminal comprising: a transmission amount control unit that controls a transmission amount of a data packet transmitted from the data packet transmission unit. 無線回線を利用してデータパケットをパケット受信端末に送信するデータパケット送信手段と、上記パケット受信端末から送信された回線解析用のパケットを受信する回線解析用パケット受信手段と、上記回線解析用パケット受信手段により受信された回線解析用のパケットの受信品質から無線回線の利用可能な帯域を算出する回線帯域算出手段と、上記回線帯域算出手段により算出された利用可能な帯域に応じて上記データパケット送信手段から送信されるデータパケットの伝送量を制御する伝送量制御手段とを備えたパケット送信端末。   Data packet transmitting means for transmitting a data packet to a packet receiving terminal using a wireless line, line analyzing packet receiving means for receiving a line analyzing packet transmitted from the packet receiving terminal, and the line analyzing packet A line bandwidth calculating means for calculating a usable bandwidth of the wireless line from the reception quality of the packet for line analysis received by the receiving means, and the data packet according to the available bandwidth calculated by the line bandwidth calculating means A packet transmission terminal comprising: a transmission amount control unit that controls a transmission amount of a data packet transmitted from the transmission unit. 回線帯域算出手段は、パケットの受信品質を解析する受信品質解析部と、無線回線の実帯域と受信品質との対応関係を管理しているデータベースと、上記データベースに管理されている対応関係を参照して、上記受信品質解析部により解析された受信品質に対応する無線回線の実帯域を特定し、上記実帯域を無線回線の利用可能な帯域として決定する回線帯域決定部とから構成されていることを特徴とする請求項３または請求項４記載のパケット送信端末。   The line bandwidth calculation means refers to the reception quality analysis unit that analyzes the reception quality of the packet, the database that manages the correspondence between the actual bandwidth of the wireless line and the reception quality, and the correspondence that is managed in the database And a line bandwidth determining unit that identifies the actual bandwidth of the wireless line corresponding to the reception quality analyzed by the reception quality analyzing unit, and determines the actual bandwidth as a usable bandwidth of the wireless channel. The packet transmission terminal according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the above. 回線帯域決定部により過去に決定された無線回線の利用可能な帯域の履歴にしたがって、今回決定された無線回線の利用可能な帯域を補正する回線帯域補正部を設けたことを特徴とする請求項５記載のパケット送信端末。   The line bandwidth correction unit for correcting the available bandwidth of the wireless line determined this time according to the history of the available bandwidth of the wireless line determined in the past by the line bandwidth determination unit. 5. The packet transmission terminal according to 5. 受信品質解析部は、パケットの受信品質として、パケットの受信レートを解析することを特徴とする請求項５記載のパケット送信端末。   6. The packet transmission terminal according to claim 5, wherein the reception quality analysis unit analyzes the reception rate of the packet as the reception quality of the packet. 受信品質解析部は、パケットの受信品質として、パケットの受信レート、パケットロス率及び受信間隔の揺らぎを解析することを特徴とする請求項５記載のパケット送信端末。   6. The packet transmission terminal according to claim 5, wherein the reception quality analysis unit analyzes fluctuations in the packet reception rate, packet loss rate, and reception interval as the packet reception quality. 受信品質解析部は、パケットの受信品質として、パケットの受信レート、パケットロス率、受信間隔の揺らぎ、ビットエラー率及びバーストエラー率を解析することを特徴とする請求項５記載のパケット送信端末。   6. The packet transmission terminal according to claim 5, wherein the reception quality analysis unit analyzes a packet reception rate, a packet loss rate, a fluctuation in reception interval, a bit error rate, and a burst error rate as the packet reception quality.
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