JP2009051709A - Liquid fertilizer, liquid stock feed, and methods for producing them - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high-nutritive-value liquid fertilizer or liquid stock by utilizing a liquid portion obtained by the solid/liquid separation of shochu distiller's by-products and efficiently and inexpensively treating the liquid portion without using a large amount of a fuel and energy to avoid exerting load on the environment. <P>SOLUTION: A fermentate 105 is prepared by the steps of subjecting shochu slops 101 formed in the course of shochu production to solid/liquid separation to prepare a liquid portion 102, adding an Aspergillus species 104 to the liquid portion 102, culturing the Aspergillus species 104 in the liquid portion 102. The fermentate 105 is used as a liquid fertilizer or a liquid stock feed. The Aspergillus species 104 is desirably at least one species selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, and Aspergillus kawachii, among which Aspergillus oryzae is particularly desirable. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid fertilizer and liquid feed produced using shochu as a raw material, and methods for producing them.

  Distillation residue (hereinafter referred to as shochu) produced as a by-product in the production of shochu has been treated by means such as ocean dumping, farmland reduction, and reuse as feed. Among these treatment methods, ocean dumping is regarded as a problem from the viewpoint of environmental protection, and its regulation is being strengthened by the revision of the “Act on the Prevention of Marine Pollution and Maritime Disasters”. Although shochu manufacturers continue to make efforts to avoid ocean dumping by introducing various treatment facilities or treatment equipment, the amount of shochu is increasing with the increasing demand for shochu, improving the processing efficiency. Establishment of a new processing method is desired.

  Shochu is a highly viscous suspension that is difficult to handle and difficult to process in large quantities. Therefore, in a general shochu processing method, the solid component and the liquid component are separated in the first step by solid-liquid separation means such as compression and filtration. Since the solid content has a low water content and is easy to handle, it is easily reused as fertilizer or feed. On the other hand, since the liquid component is an acidic suspension containing a large amount of suspended solids and it is difficult to reuse or dispose of it, it is urgent to establish a new treatment method for the liquid component. As one of the directions, an invention is disclosed that aims to process a liquid component and use it as a fertilizer or feed.

  For example, shochu distillation residue generated in the distillation process of shochu production is solid-liquid separated into dehydrated lump and filtrate, the filtrate is concentrated and separated and extracted into a concentrate and a condensate, and the resulting concentrate, concentrate and condensate are obtained. Liquid, concentrated liquid and water or concentrated liquid, water and acetic acid, and liquid fertilizer characterized by mixing at least two kinds selected from nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer, and the liquid The manufacturing method of a fertilizer is disclosed (for example, refer patent document 1).

  A method for producing a brewed koji concentrate is disclosed in which a liquid obtained from brewed koji is treated with an enzyme containing cellulase as a main component and containing xylanase and then concentrated (for example, Patent Document 2). reference).

  Moreover, the shochu distillation residue liquid is separated into solid and liquid, and the filtrate is concentrated to extract a concentrated liquid having a water content of 65% to 80%. The concentrated liquid and a mixed raw material such as hay or cereal are mixed at a predetermined ratio. The manufacturing method of the wet type complete feed made to mix and the wet type complete feed which concerns on this manufacturing method are disclosed (for example, refer patent document 3).

JP 2004-338974 A JP 2004-298023 A JP 2000-125777 A

  However, any of the methods for producing fertilizer or feed described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 requires heating for concentration, and requires a large amount of fuel or energy. It is a method of consuming precious resources such as fuel or energy and discharging gas that can cause air pollution and greenhouse effect, so it increases the burden on the environment while aiming to effectively use shochu as a resource. There is a contradiction. Moreover, since a large amount of fuel or energy is consumed, a large amount of processing costs are required.

  Although the method for producing a brewed koji concentrate described in Patent Document 2 can reduce concentration of insoluble solids by using cellulase and xylanase in combination, it is necessary to use an isolated and expensive enzyme. There is a huge cost to procure the enzyme.

The liquid content obtained by solid-liquid separation of shochu contains a large amount of organic matter and can be used as feed or fertilizer. bad. Although it can be preserved by concentrating or drying the liquid, it is very expensive to concentrate and dry, and there is a problem in profitability compared to feed value or fertilizer value.
The present invention improves the liquid content obtained by solid-liquid separation of the shochu liquor by performing microbial treatment without costly concentration or drying treatment, and prevents liquid spoilage or preserves liquid fertilizer or The purpose is to make liquid feed.

  In view of these problems, the present invention makes effective use of a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of shochu, avoiding a burden on the environment without using a large amount of fuel and energy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid fertilizer or liquid feed that is processed efficiently and inexpensively and has high nutritional value. In addition, liquids obtained by solid-liquid separation of shochu can be processed efficiently and inexpensively without using a large amount of fuel and energy and avoiding the burden on the environment. It is an object to provide a method for producing a fertilizer or liquid feed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies and invented novel liquid fertilizers and liquid feeds and methods for producing them.

  The first invention includes a step of adding koji mold to a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the manufacturing process of shochu, and a step of further fermenting and aging the liquid component to which koji mold is added It is a liquid fertilizer characterized by being obtained by way of.

  The second invention includes a step of adding koji mold to a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the manufacturing process of shochu, and a step of further fermenting and aging the liquid component to which koji mold is added It is a liquid feed characterized by being obtained through this.

  The third invention includes a step of adding koji mold to a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the manufacturing process of shochu, and a step of further fermenting and aging the liquid component to which koji mold is added It is a manufacturing method of the liquid fertilizer characterized by including.

  The fourth invention includes a step of adding koji mold to a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the manufacturing process of shochu, and a step of further fermenting and aging the liquid component to which koji mold is added It is the manufacturing method of the liquid feed characterized by including.

  Add a koji mold to the liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of shochu and prevent the contamination of spoilage bacteria, while increasing the growth of useful bacteria and preventing the occurrence of spoilage and foul odors. obtain. The fermentation broth contains nutrients and can be used as fertilizer or feed.

  The liquid fertilizer according to the present invention contains not only nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium, which are three elements of fertilizer, but also a large amount of zinc which is an essential element for plants. Since zinc is involved in the production of chlorophyll and β-indoleacetic acid and promotes the growth of plants, the liquid fertilizer promotes the growth of crops.

  The liquid feed according to the present invention contains amino acids, citric acid, vitamins, and minerals contained in the liquid, and particularly has a high zinc content. Although zinc is an essential trace element for animals, it is an element that is prone to deficiency. Zinc deficiency is a factor of dermatitis, immune deficiency, growth disorder, taste disorder, sexual dysfunction, nervous system abnormality, etc. It is known that Since the liquid feed of the present invention contains abundant zinc, it is useful for promoting the growth of livestock, preventing dermatitis, preventing infectious diseases, and the like.

  Monosaccharides and oligosaccharides generated by the decomposition of dietary fiber are sugars that are easily consumed by animals. Since the liquid feed according to the present invention contains a large amount of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides, it is useful for promoting the growth of livestock.

  The method for producing liquid fertilizer or liquid feed according to the present invention does not necessarily require an operation involving heating such as concentration, and does not require a large amount of fuel or energy. A large amount of air pollution and greenhouse gases are not emitted, so it is possible to avoid burdening the environment. Costs associated with fuel and energy can be reduced, and processing can be performed at low cost.

  Since a commercially available koji mold may be used and it is not necessary to use an expensive enzyme, procurement costs can be suppressed. Since enzymes such as amylase / protease possessed by Aspergillus oryzae are used, active enzymes are produced one after another as the Aspergillus culturing progresses, and the enzyme reaction proceeds. Thereby, the enzymatic reaction proceeds synergistically, and a liquid fertilizer or liquid feed having a high nutritional value can be produced more efficiently than simply adding the enzyme.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a fermentation broth according to the present invention.

  The shochu liquor 101 according to the present invention only needs to be a distillation residue produced during the production process of shochu, and is not limited to shochu raw materials such as koji, rice, wheat, brown sugar. Moreover, the shochu produced by either atmospheric distillation or vacuum distillation may be used.

  The shochu liquor 101 is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a liquid component 102, which is used in the present invention. The solid-liquid separation method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of removing a large solid matter, and various solid-liquid separation methods such as filtration, centrifugation, pressing, and sieving can be applied. The liquid component 102 preferably contains 90% by weight or more of water.

  The gonococcus 104 is added to the liquid portion 102 and cultured. Both the shochu liquor 101 and the liquid component 102 contain sugar, dietary fiber, protein, and the like, and easily rot when mixed with microorganisms such as various bacteria. As a result, the culture of Aspergillus oryzae described later may be inhibited or a toxic substance or a bad odor may be generated. Therefore, it is desirable to perform the operation immediately after obtaining the shochu 101 until the start of the culture.

  The koji mold 104 according to the present invention is not limited in its type, source, and the like, but it is preferable to use koji mold for commercial food production that can be obtained at low cost. As the species of Aspergillus 104, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus niger, or Aspergillus kawachii, which has an enzyme useful for the decomposition of dietary fiber, is preferably used. Aspergillus oryzae, which is generally used for food production and has an excellent ability to decompose starch and protein, is particularly suitable. Moreover, you may use it in mixture of 2 or more types from these seed | species.

As a temporary guide, 30 g of Neisseria gonorrhoeae is added to 100 L of the liquid content 102. Neisseria gonorrhoeae are generally easy to grow at about 20 to 40 ° C., and can be sufficiently grown only by leaving at room temperature.
Preferably, the koji mold 104 is cultivated in a lidded container that is unlikely to be contaminated with falling bacteria in order to avoid contamination with other microorganisms and spoilage. More preferably, after the koji mold 104 is added, the mixture is heated at 30 ° C. to 50 ° C., preferably about 40 ° C. for 24 to 78 hours, preferably about 48 hours. By this heating operation, the gonococcus 104 can be rapidly propagated, and contamination and decay of other microorganisms can be avoided more reliably. Although heating requires fuel or energy, a small amount of consumption is sufficient as compared with, for example, concentrating the liquid component 102.

  Fermentation and aging of the liquid with koji mold added at room temperature. The fermentation / ripening period is not particularly limited, but as a guideline, the fermentation / ripening is performed for 3 to 36 months. Here, various useful microorganisms such as various lactic acid bacteria, yeasts, or fermenting bacteria are considered to contribute to fermentation.

  Fermentation liquid 105 is obtained by fermentation and aging. The fermented liquid 105 is a liquid with less insoluble solids and lower viscosity than the liquid component 102 obtained by solid-liquid separation of the raw material shochu 101. The fermented liquid 105 is put into a sealed container and stored.

  The fermentation broth 105 contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and trace elements, and can be used as a liquid fertilizer. At the time of use, it may be used by appropriately diluting with water, and as a rough standard, one diluted about 1000 times is used.

  In addition, the fermentation broth 105 contains amino acids, citric acid, vitamins, minerals, and the like contained in the liquid portion 102, and the zinc content is particularly high. Since it contains monosaccharides and oligosaccharides produced by the decomposition of dietary fiber, it can be used as a liquid feed for livestock such as cattle, pigs and chickens. When used as a liquid feed, it may be given to livestock as it is, or may be mixed with feed such as straw so that the livestock can easily eat.

  Hereinafter, although an example is described, the present invention is not limited to this.

(Production of fermentation broth 105)
100 L of the liquid content 102 obtained from the shochu manufacturer was placed in a metal cylindrical container having a corrosion-resistant surface. To this, 30 g of purely cultured Aspergillus oryzae (manufactured by Ryokuroku Co., Ltd .; long white fungus sachet powder) was added as Neisseria gonorrhoeae 104 and heated at 40 ° C. for 48 hours. The heating was stopped, and the liquid was fermented and matured at room temperature for 3 months in the same container.
Fermentation liquid 105 was obtained by the above operation. The fermented liquid 105 has a lower viscosity than the liquid component 102 and a low content of suspended solids. Aspergillus oryzae and other gonococci have species that possess enzymes that break down dietary fiber, and it is understood that suspended matter is reduced by the action and viscosity is lowered.

  The fermentation broth 105 was subdivided and stored in a polyethylene terephthalate container.

(Analysis of fermentation broth 105)
Using the fermentation broth 105 of Example 1 as a sample, the contained components were analyzed. The results are shown in Table 1.

（註）表２に焼酎粕の分析値の１例を示した。（鹿児島県本格焼酎研究会編 鹿児島県の本格焼酎Ｐ１４５，春苑堂出版，平成１２年６月発行）

(Ii) Table 2 shows an example of the analytical value of shochu. (Kagoshima Prefecture Shochu Study Group edited by Kagoshima Prefecture Shochu P145, Shungendo Publishing, published in June 2000)

  Comparing Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that most of the active ingredients as TN or less fertilizer are more concentrated in the fermented liquid obtained in the present invention than in the shochu itself. This shows that the active ingredient is liquefied and eluted in the fermentation broth by the action of koji mold and other useful microorganisms.

  From the above results, it was shown that the fermented liquid 105 of the present invention contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium, which are three elements of fertilizer, and is useful as a fertilizer. In addition, it was shown that the content of zinc, which is an essential element for plants, which is involved in the production of chlorophyll and β-indoleacetic acid and promotes plant growth, is particularly high.

  In addition, the above results suggest that the fermented liquid 105 of the present invention contains abundant zinc and is useful for promoting the growth of livestock, preventing dermatitis, preventing infectious diseases, etc. when used as a feed. The Since at least part of the dietary fiber that is supposed to inhibit the intake of minerals such as zinc is broken down, livestock can efficiently ingest the abundant zinc contained in the fermentation broth 105.

Example 1

The liquid fertilizer according to the present invention diluted 1000 times with water was sprayed on paddy fields.
The harvested rice was subjected to cooked rice taste analysis and compared with rice harvested in neighboring paddy fields. As a result, the average taste value of the rice harvested in the neighboring paddy field was about 82, whereas the rice using the liquid fertilizer according to the present invention showed a taste value 87.

Example 2

The liquid fertilizer according to the present invention diluted 1000 times with water was administered to the field where potatoes were grown. Compared to the conventional method, the yield increased by about 1 ton per 1000 m ² .

Example 3

  The liquid fertilizer according to the present invention diluted 1000 times with water was administered to the field where radish was cultivated. Daikon radish that grew larger than before was harvested, and there were many individuals exceeding 10 kg. It was a white radish that grew straight and had good taste.

Example 4

  The liquid feed according to the present invention mixed with straw was fed to beef cattle as feed. As a result, the appetite of the cow was improved, and a cow with good hair and fatness was obtained.

Example 5

  The liquid feed according to the present invention mixed with straw was fed to calves as feed. Not only was the calf's appetite improved, but the frequency of developing infections was significantly reduced. Significant cost reductions have been achieved because the frequency of veterinary consultations has become extremely low.

It is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of the fermented liquor which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

101 Shochu 102 Liquid component 103 Solid component 104 Koji mold 105 Fermented liquid

Claims (4)

  It is obtained through a process of adding koji mold to the liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the production process of shochu, and a process of further fermenting and aging the liquid containing koji mold And liquid fertilizer.   It is obtained through a process of adding koji mold to the liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the production process of shochu, and a process of further fermenting and aging the liquid containing koji mold Liquid feed.   The method includes a step of adding koji mold to a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the production process of shochu, and a step of further fermenting and aging the liquid component to which koji mold is added Method for producing liquid fertilizer.   The method includes a step of adding koji mold to a liquid component obtained by solid-liquid separation of distilled koji produced as a by-product in the production process of shochu, and a step of further fermenting and aging the liquid component to which koji mold is added A method for producing liquid feed.

Images