JP2008532005A - 流体ゲート装置 - Google Patents
流体ゲート装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008532005A JP2008532005A JP2007556655A JP2007556655A JP2008532005A JP 2008532005 A JP2008532005 A JP 2008532005A JP 2007556655 A JP2007556655 A JP 2007556655A JP 2007556655 A JP2007556655 A JP 2007556655A JP 2008532005 A JP2008532005 A JP 2008532005A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- flow path
- indicator
- test
- liquid
- flow
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K99/0001—Microvalves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502738—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by integrated valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
- B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
- B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
- B01L3/5027—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip
- B01L3/502746—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures by integrated microfluidic structures, i.e. dimensions of channels and chambers are such that surface tension forces are important, e.g. lab-on-a-chip characterised by the means for controlling flow resistance, e.g. flow controllers, baffles or throttle valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K99/0001—Microvalves
- F16K99/0003—Constructional types of microvalves; Details of the cutting-off member
- F16K99/0021—No-moving-parts valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K99/0001—Microvalves
- F16K99/0003—Constructional types of microvalves; Details of the cutting-off member
- F16K99/003—Valves for single use only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
- B01L2200/06—Fluid handling related problems
- B01L2200/0621—Control of the sequence of chambers filled or emptied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
- B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
- B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
- B01L2300/0816—Cards, e.g. flat sample carriers usually with flow in two horizontal directions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/04—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means
- B01L2400/0403—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces
- B01L2400/0406—Moving fluids with specific forces or mechanical means specific forces capillary forces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
- B01L2400/00—Moving or stopping fluids
- B01L2400/06—Valves, specific forms thereof
- B01L2400/0688—Valves, specific forms thereof surface tension valves, capillary stop, capillary break
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K2099/0073—Fabrication methods specifically adapted for microvalves
- F16K2099/0076—Fabrication methods specifically adapted for microvalves using electrical discharge machining [EDM], milling or drilling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K2099/0073—Fabrication methods specifically adapted for microvalves
- F16K2099/0078—Fabrication methods specifically adapted for microvalves using moulding or stamping
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K2099/0082—Microvalves adapted for a particular use
- F16K2099/0084—Chemistry or biology, e.g. "lab-on-a-chip" technology
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F16K2099/0082—Microvalves adapted for a particular use
- F16K2099/0086—Medical applications
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB0503921A GB0503921D0 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2005-02-25 | Improvements in or relating to selectively controling flow of liquids |
| GB0506533A GB0506533D0 (en) | 2005-03-31 | 2005-03-31 | Fluidic gating device |
| PCT/GB2006/000619 WO2006090144A1 (en) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-02-22 | Fluidic gating device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2008532005A true JP2008532005A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
| JP2008532005A5 JP2008532005A5 (https=) | 2012-01-12 |
Family
ID=36190528
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007556655A Ceased JP2008532005A (ja) | 2005-02-25 | 2006-02-22 | 流体ゲート装置 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20080148822A1 (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP1853911A1 (https=) |
| JP (1) | JP2008532005A (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU2006217719A1 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2598513A1 (https=) |
| NZ (1) | NZ560606A (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO2006090144A1 (https=) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010525319A (ja) * | 2007-04-16 | 2010-07-22 | オーミック・アーベー | 液体サンプルを処理するための装置 |
| JP2012532327A (ja) * | 2009-07-07 | 2012-12-13 | ベーリンガー インゲルハイム マイクロパーツ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 血漿分離リザーバ |
| JP2013545095A (ja) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-12-19 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 補助チャネルおよびバイパス・チャネルを含むマイクロ流体デバイス |
| JP2014527169A (ja) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-10-09 | モレキュラー・ビジョン・リミテッド | アッセイ実行用デバイス |
| KR20170066513A (ko) * | 2014-10-06 | 2017-06-14 | 알베오 테크놀로지스 인크. | 분석물의 검출을 위한 방법 및 시스템 |
| US11465141B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2022-10-11 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | Methods and compositions for detecting analytes |
| US12275007B2 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2025-04-15 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | Handheld impedance-based diagnostic test system for detecting analytes |
| US12472492B2 (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2025-11-18 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods of sample depositing and testing |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD673286S1 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2012-12-25 | Sony Corporation | Micro flow channel chip |
| US20110312554A1 (en) * | 2010-06-17 | 2011-12-22 | Geneasys Pty Ltd | Microfluidic device with dialysis device, loc and interconnecting cap |
| PL398979A1 (pl) * | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-28 | Scope Fluidics Spólka Z Ograniczona Odpowiedzialnoscia | Urzadzenie mikroprzeplywowe i uklad mikroprzeplywowy obejmujacy jedno lub wiecej urzadzen mikroprzeplywowych |
| AU2024243105A1 (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2025-10-16 | Burst Diagnostics Llc | Chemiluminescence microfluidic immunoassay device and methods of use thereof |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990009596A1 (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-23 | David Roger Vale | Testing of liquids |
| JPH10132712A (ja) * | 1996-04-26 | 1998-05-22 | Kdk Corp | 検体分析用具およびそれを用いた検体分析方法並びに検体分析装置 |
| JP2002501173A (ja) * | 1998-01-08 | 2002-01-15 | バイオ‐ダイアグノスティックス、リミテッド | 液体試験装置 |
| JP2002505946A (ja) * | 1998-03-11 | 2002-02-26 | マイクロパーツ ゲゼルシャフト フィー ミクロシュトルクチューテクニク エムベーハー | 試料担体 |
| JP2002527250A (ja) * | 1998-10-13 | 2002-08-27 | バイオマイクロ システムズ インコーポレイテッド | 受動流体力学に基づく流体回路構成要素 |
| US20030027222A1 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-06 | Bagaria Padma S. | Test device for detecting human blood and method of use |
| JP2004225912A (ja) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-12 | Steag Microparts Gmbh | マイクロ流体スイッチ |
| JP2004239904A (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | F Hoffmann La Roche Ag | 血液分析のための分析用検査要素および方法 |
| WO2004083859A1 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Platform Diagnostics Limited | Agglutination based sample testing device |
| JP2007519938A (ja) * | 2004-02-02 | 2007-07-19 | メディオン ダイアグノスティクス アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 凝集反応の可視化と分離により分析物を検出するための装置と方法 |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6451264B1 (en) * | 2000-01-28 | 2002-09-17 | Roche Diagnostics Corporation | Fluid flow control in curved capillary channels |
-
2006
- 2006-02-22 JP JP2007556655A patent/JP2008532005A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-22 NZ NZ560606A patent/NZ560606A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-02-22 WO PCT/GB2006/000619 patent/WO2006090144A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-02-22 US US11/817,188 patent/US20080148822A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-22 CA CA002598513A patent/CA2598513A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-22 AU AU2006217719A patent/AU2006217719A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-02-22 EP EP06709852A patent/EP1853911A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1990009596A1 (en) * | 1989-02-10 | 1990-08-23 | David Roger Vale | Testing of liquids |
| JPH10132712A (ja) * | 1996-04-26 | 1998-05-22 | Kdk Corp | 検体分析用具およびそれを用いた検体分析方法並びに検体分析装置 |
| JP2002501173A (ja) * | 1998-01-08 | 2002-01-15 | バイオ‐ダイアグノスティックス、リミテッド | 液体試験装置 |
| JP2002505946A (ja) * | 1998-03-11 | 2002-02-26 | マイクロパーツ ゲゼルシャフト フィー ミクロシュトルクチューテクニク エムベーハー | 試料担体 |
| JP2002527250A (ja) * | 1998-10-13 | 2002-08-27 | バイオマイクロ システムズ インコーポレイテッド | 受動流体力学に基づく流体回路構成要素 |
| US20030027222A1 (en) * | 2001-07-23 | 2003-02-06 | Bagaria Padma S. | Test device for detecting human blood and method of use |
| JP2004225912A (ja) * | 2003-01-23 | 2004-08-12 | Steag Microparts Gmbh | マイクロ流体スイッチ |
| JP2004239904A (ja) * | 2003-02-07 | 2004-08-26 | F Hoffmann La Roche Ag | 血液分析のための分析用検査要素および方法 |
| WO2004083859A1 (en) * | 2003-03-18 | 2004-09-30 | Platform Diagnostics Limited | Agglutination based sample testing device |
| JP2006520898A (ja) * | 2003-03-18 | 2006-09-14 | プラットフォーム・ダイアグノスティクス・リミテッド | 凝集に基づくサンプル検査装置 |
| JP2007519938A (ja) * | 2004-02-02 | 2007-07-19 | メディオン ダイアグノスティクス アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | 凝集反応の可視化と分離により分析物を検出するための装置と方法 |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010525319A (ja) * | 2007-04-16 | 2010-07-22 | オーミック・アーベー | 液体サンプルを処理するための装置 |
| JP2012532327A (ja) * | 2009-07-07 | 2012-12-13 | ベーリンガー インゲルハイム マイクロパーツ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 血漿分離リザーバ |
| JP2013545095A (ja) * | 2010-10-28 | 2013-12-19 | インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション | 補助チャネルおよびバイパス・チャネルを含むマイクロ流体デバイス |
| US9421540B2 (en) | 2010-10-28 | 2016-08-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Microfluidic device with auxiliary and bypass channels |
| JP2014527169A (ja) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-10-09 | モレキュラー・ビジョン・リミテッド | アッセイ実行用デバイス |
| KR20170066513A (ko) * | 2014-10-06 | 2017-06-14 | 알베오 테크놀로지스 인크. | 분석물의 검출을 위한 방법 및 시스템 |
| JP2017534064A (ja) * | 2014-10-06 | 2017-11-16 | アルヴェオ テクノロジーズ インコーポレイテッドAlveo Technologies Inc. | 分析種の検出のための方法およびシステム |
| KR102424219B1 (ko) | 2014-10-06 | 2022-07-21 | 알베오 테크놀로지스 인크. | 분석물의 검출을 위한 방법 및 시스템 |
| US11473128B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2022-10-18 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | System and method for detection of nucleic acids |
| US11465141B2 (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2022-10-11 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | Methods and compositions for detecting analytes |
| US12275007B2 (en) | 2018-12-20 | 2025-04-15 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | Handheld impedance-based diagnostic test system for detecting analytes |
| US12472492B2 (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2025-11-18 | Alveo Technologies, Inc. | Systems and methods of sample depositing and testing |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1853911A1 (en) | 2007-11-14 |
| WO2006090144A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
| AU2006217719A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
| NZ560606A (en) | 2009-12-24 |
| CA2598513A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
| US20080148822A1 (en) | 2008-06-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| AU2007291058B2 (en) | Fluidic indicator device | |
| US8877484B2 (en) | Microfluidic device and a microfluidic system and a method of performing a test | |
| WO2009068583A2 (en) | Separation and detection device with means for optimization of the capillary drag force | |
| AU2012264410B2 (en) | Capillary fluid flow measurment and capillary flow device therefore | |
| US20050106756A1 (en) | Microstructured separation device, and method for separating liquid components from a liquid containing particles | |
| AU2004221241A1 (en) | Agglutination based sample testing device | |
| JP2008532005A (ja) | 流体ゲート装置 | |
| US8512648B2 (en) | Microfluidic device | |
| EP2558204A1 (en) | Immunoassay apparatus incorporating microfluidic channel | |
| AU3884001A (en) | Microscale diffusion immunoassay | |
| JP2008532005A5 (https=) | ||
| WO2008086809A1 (en) | A microfluidic device and a kit for performing a test | |
| EP2751556B1 (en) | Device and method for detection and quantification of immunological proteins, pathogenic and microbial agents and cells | |
| CN101133324A (zh) | 流体门控装置 | |
| CN101019023A (zh) | 色谱排阻凝集测定及其使用方法 | |
| WO2009068027A1 (en) | Separation and detection device | |
| JP3053494U (ja) | 検査具 | |
| HK1111764A (en) | Fluidic gating device | |
| Hatch et al. | Microfluidic approaches to immunoassays | |
| US20260115710A1 (en) | Laminate urinalysis assay strip and methods of producing and using same | |
| US20210263025A1 (en) | Micro-separation for multiplexing | |
| Weigl et al. | Novel immunoassay formats for integrated microfluidic circuits: diffusion immunoassays (DIA) |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090114 |
|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090114 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110517 |
|
| A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20110815 |
|
| A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20110822 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111117 |
|
| A524 | Written submission of copy of amendment under article 19 pct |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A524 Effective date: 20111117 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120306 |
|
| A045 | Written measure of dismissal of application [lapsed due to lack of payment] |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A045 Effective date: 20120731 |