JP2008296120A - Garbage disposal apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage disposal apparatus easy to use for every one, eliminating unauthorized charge waste, and resolving generation of malodor. <P>SOLUTION: The garbage disposal apparatus includes: a garbage disposer 10; a garbage sorting chamber 30 adjacent to the garbage disposer 10; a sealing door 60 sealing a charge port 14 at the boundary of the sorting chamber and garbage disposer except garbage charging time; a conveying means 31 conveying garbage; a sorting means 70 sorting if the conveyed matter is garbage or not; an exhaust gas deodorizng device 44 deodorizing exhaust gas in the sorting chamber; and a control device 20. When the conveyed matter is sorted to be garbage by the sorting means, it is charged into the garbage disposer by opening the sealing door, and when sorted to be non-garbage by the sorting means, it is discharged outside the sorting chamber. Thus, unauthorized charge of stone, iron scraps and waste oil pretending garbage can be prevented. Automated charge of garbage allows powerless people like the elderly to easily use the apparatus. No diffusion of malodor occurs when charging garbage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus used in a garbage recycling system, and is configured to be easily used by many people.

The present inventors have previously proposed a recycling system that reuses organic waste by changing it to compost (Patent Document 1 below), and have also developed a garbage disposal machine used in this system and the like. (Patent Document 2 below).
Currently, the model shown in FIG. 7 is being tried for an organic waste recycling system.

  In addition to the garbage processor 10, this model includes a garbage weighing device 21, a card reader 22 that reads and writes point card data, and a control device 20 that controls them. The point corresponding to the weight of the garbage is added to the point card of the user who brought the card. Thus, by giving a privilege to a user, it recognizes again that raw garbage is an effective resource, and is aiming at smooth collection of raw garbage used as a raw material of compost at the same time.

The user who brought the garbage inserts the point card into the card reader 22 and places the garbage on the weighing device 21. When the card reader 22 reads the information recorded on the point card by the reader / writer 24, the card reader 22 acquires the measurement data from the weighing device 21, adds the point corresponding to the weight to the point card, and the display unit 23. Displays a message saying “Please throw garbage into the processor”.
The garbage processor 10 has a rotating shaft 13 and a rotating blade 12 fixed thereto inside a treatment tank 16, and the rotating shaft 13 and the rotating blade 12 are rotated by driving of a motor 11. The raw garbage in the treatment tank 16 is agitated and mixed with the fermentation material introduced for promoting the fermentation. In addition, the upper portion of the treatment tank 16 is provided with an input port 14 for introducing raw garbage, and the lower portion is provided with a recovery port 15 for recovering raw garbage treated for a predetermined time. The input port 14 and the recovery port 15 are sealed with a lid locked with an electric lock.
The control device 20 displays a message for instructing the input of garbage on the display unit 23 of the card reader 22 and then unlocks the cover of the input port 14. In accordance with the displayed message, the user opens the lid and puts the garbage brought in the processing tank 16. In addition, the control device 20 ensures the safety of the user by stopping the rotation of the rotary shaft 13 while the lid is opened.
The raw garbage processed in the raw garbage processing machine 10 for a predetermined period is recovered from the recovery port 15 and regenerated into compost.

When this system is introduced for local residents by administrative organizations such as municipalities, it may be possible to avoid the establishment of new incineration facilities and the increase of processing capacity. The waste disposal problem is extremely difficult to secure land for a waste incineration facility, and CO2 reduction is a social request in recent years. This is a painful administrative issue. It is expected to be an effective means for solving problems.
JP 2001-226181 A JP 2003-181419 A

  When an administrative organization introduces this system for local residents, as benefits for residents who bring garbage, for example, distribution of local use tickets (cash vouchers) according to points, discounts on the cost of administrative services, Tax reductions are possible.

However, in order to introduce this system in an administrative organization, it is a problem that everyone can use it easily and that fraud can be eliminated. Moreover, the problem must be solved without incurring a lot of administrative costs (personnel costs and equipment costs). From this point of view, the following improvements can be found by checking the current model.
(1) Bring stones, scraps of iron, waste oil, etc. instead of raw garbage to prevent unauthorized attempts to acquire benefits. In particular, a large amount of waste oil does not stop illegal acquisition of benefits, but kills microorganisms contained in the fermentation material and prevents composting of garbage.
(2) In the current model, the operation of opening the lid of the inlet 14 of the garbage processing machine 10 and putting the garbage in places a heavy burden on the elderly.
(3) In the current model, when the lid of the insertion port 14 of the garbage disposal machine 10 is opened, there is a considerable odor. As the fermentation process progresses to raw garbage, the unpleasant odor disappears and changes to a fragrant odor. However, in this model, since the inlet 14 is opened and new garbage is introduced before it is fully fermented, it is uncomfortable. I can't cut off the bad smell. Moreover, every time garbage is thrown in, the rotation of the rotary blade 12 stops, the outside air enters through the inlet 14 and the temperature in the treatment tank that has started to rise in the fermentation is cooled, so that the fermentation progresses. There is a delay that causes odors.

  The present invention was devised in view of these circumstances, and is easy to be used by anyone, can eliminate fraudulent acts for obtaining benefits, and can eliminate the odor emission. An object is to provide a processing apparatus.

The raw garbage processing apparatus of the present invention includes a raw garbage processing machine that stirs and mixes raw garbage with a fermentation material and performs a fermentation process, a garbage sorting chamber provided adjacent to the garbage processing machine, and the sorting chamber. And a garbage inlet provided at the boundary between the garbage processing machine, a sealing door that seals the inlet except when garbage is input, and an entrance of the sorting chamber from the outside of the sorting chamber. Conveying means for carrying the garbage through and conveying the garbage to the input port; and a sorting means for sorting out whether or not the loaded material conveyed through the sorting chamber by the conveying means is garbage; An exhaust deodorization device that performs exhaust deodorization of the sorting chamber, and a control device that controls the garbage processing machine, a sealing door, a transporting unit, and a sorting unit, and a carry-in material carried by the transporting unit is the sorting unit Open the sealed door when it is sorted as garbage. Thrown into the garbage disposal apparatus Te, when selected from the selecting means as a non-garbage is characterized in that is carried out to the outdoor of the screened chamber by said conveying means.
In this garbage processing apparatus, when the garbage that you bring is placed on the transporting means, the transporting means transports it to the input port of the garbage processing machine, and the closing door of the input port opens to automatically open the garbage processing machine. It is thrown into. In addition, since the sorting chamber provided with the input port of the garbage processing machine is exhausted and deodorized, the odor leaked from the input port does not diffuse outside the sorting chamber. Further, when the carry-in carried into the sorting room by the transport means is not garbage, it is returned to the outside of the sorting room without being put into the garbage processing machine.

In addition, the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention further includes a weighing unit for measuring the weight of the carried-in item and a reading / writing unit for the information recording card, and the carried-in item is sorted as garbage by the sorting unit. In this case, the value corresponding to the weight of the carried item measured by the weighing unit is added to the information recording card by the reading / writing unit.
In this garbage processing apparatus, when it is confirmed that the carried-in thing is garbage, a value such as points or electronic money is added to the information recording card for the first time.

Further, in the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention, the blocking door has a rotation shaft that is pivotally supported on both side portions of the charging port facing each other, and a plurality of partition plates that extend radially from the rotation shaft, The garbage conveyed by the conveying means is held between the two partition plates, and is thrown into the garbage processor as the rotating shaft rotates, and the inlet is closed by the partition plate. You may comprise.
When this sealed door is used, it is possible to shorten the time during which the inlet is open, and to reduce odor leakage from the garbage processing apparatus.

Moreover, in the garbage processing apparatus of this invention, the said selection means can identify the shape of the said carrying-in thing, and can sort out the said carrying-in based on the said shape.
The imported material having a straight side is metal or glass, and the imported material having a flat upper surface is highly likely to be a liquid and is selected as non-garbage.

In the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention, the sorting means identifies the volume of the carried-in item, and sorts the carried-in item based on the specific gravity calculated from the volume and the weight measured by the weighing device. It is possible.
Those with a very high specific gravity are likely to be stones and metals and are selected as non-garbage.

  The garbage processing apparatus of this invention can eliminate the fraudulent act which pretends stone, iron scrap, waste oil, etc. to be garbage. In addition, since the garbage disposal process is performed automatically, it is easy to use even for powerless people like the elderly. Also, bad odors do not diffuse when garbage is thrown in.

An embodiment of the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows the overall configuration of this garbage disposal apparatus. FIG. 2 shows the entrance (a) of the sorting chamber and the shape detecting means (b) and (c) in the width direction provided there. FIG. 3 shows a shape detection device that detects the shape of the load in the height direction. FIG. 4 shows a closing door of the insertion port.
This apparatus includes a garbage processor 10 driven by a motor 11, a garbage weighing device 21, a card reader 22 having a reader / writer 24 and a display unit 23, and a sorting chamber adjacent to the garbage processor 10. 30, a belt-like curtain 50 that closes the carry-in port 34 of the sorting chamber 30, a belt conveyor 31 that is a means for conveying garbage, a revolving door 60 that is a sealing door for the inlet 14 of the garbage processor 10, and a belt conveyor The shape detection device 70 for detecting the shape of the garbage in the height direction conveyed at 31, the exhaust fan 33 provided in the exhaust duct 32 of the sorting chamber 30, and the deodorizing devices 40 to 44 for deodorizing the sorting chamber 30. And a control device 20 for controlling each device.
The belt conveyor 31 conveys garbage from the outside of the sorting chamber 30 to the position of the rotary door 60 through the carry-in port 34.

As shown in FIG. 2A, the upper opening of the belt conveyor 31 is shielded by a plurality of flexible strip curtains 50 at the carry-in entrance 34 of the sorting chamber 30. As shown in FIG. 2B, an arm 52 and a micro switch 53 that are rotatably supported by a shaft 54 are arranged on the upper edge of the carry-in entrance 34 corresponding to each of the belt-like curtains 50, The belt-like curtain 50 is fixed to the tip of the arm 52. As will be described later, the arm 52 and the micro switch 53 function as a shape detection unit that detects the shape of the garbage in the width direction.
As shown in FIG. 2B, in the state where the belt-like curtain 50 hangs down, the arm 52 pushes the button 55 of the micro switch 53, and therefore the micro switch 53 is in the OFF state. Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, when the garbage 80 conveyed by the belt conveyor 31 pushes the belt-like curtain 50, the arm 52 is tilted accordingly, the button 55 is released, and the micro switch 53 is turned on. Become. Accordingly, only the micro switch 53 corresponding to the belt-like curtain 50 in contact with the garbage 80 is turned on, and the length (width) of the garbage 80 in the width direction of the belt conveyor 31 is determined from the on / off of the micro switch 53. It can be detected.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shape detection device 70 in the height direction is composed of a pair of a light emitting column 72 standing on one side of the belt conveyor 31 and a light receiving column 73 standing on the opposite side of the belt conveyor 31. A plurality of light emitting elements 74 are arranged vertically in 72, and a plurality of light receiving elements 75 are arranged vertically in the light receiving column 73 so as to face the light emitting elements 74. The light emitted by each light emitting element 74 is received only by the corresponding light receiving element 75.
However, when the garbage 80 that blocks light exists between the light emitting element 74 and the light receiving element 75, the light receiving element cannot receive light even if the light emitting element 74 emits light. If the bag 81 containing the garbage 80 is transparent or translucent, the light from the light emitting element 74 is transmitted. Therefore, the light receiving element 75 can receive light.
Therefore, the height of the garbage 80 passing between the light emitting column 72 and the light receiving column 73 is detected by checking which light receiving device 75 emits light from each light emitting device 74 at the same time and cannot receive light at that time. can do. Then, by repeating this detection at a predetermined time interval for the garbage 80 moving on the belt conveyor 31, it is possible to detect the transition of the height of the garbage 80 in the moving direction.

Further, as shown in FIG. 4A, the rotary door 60 of the input port 14 at the boundary between the sorting chamber 30 and the garbage processor 10 is a rotary shaft that is pivotally supported on opposite side portions of the input port 14. 63, four partition plates 61 extending in the radial direction from the rotating shaft 63, and discs 62 disposed at both ends of the partition plate 61 in the axial direction. The angle between the partition plates 61 is set to 90 °, and the size of the partition plates 61 is set such that the area when the two plates are arranged side by side closes the insertion port 14.
The rotation of the rotary door 60 is controlled by the control device 20 and stops at a position where the slot 14 is blocked by the partition plate 61 as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 4B, when the garbage 80 conveyed by the belt conveyor 31 falls between the partition plates 61, as shown in FIG. 4C and FIG. 60 rotates and the garbage 80 falls into the garbage processor 10. In this case, the garbage 80 may be dropped 180 ° from the state of FIG. 4 (b) and immediately dropped, or rotated by 90 ° (FIG. 4 (d)), and then rotated 90 °. The garbage 80 may fall into the garbage processor 10.

The deodorizing device of the sorting chamber 30 includes an ozone generator 40, a compressor 42 that discharges air, a pump 43 that sucks and discharges water 41, and a mist that sprays ozone fog in which ozone and fine water droplets are mixed. The nozzle 44 is provided.
The ozone generator 40 generates ozone by discharging the oxygen sent from an oxygen generator (not shown). The generated ozone is mixed with the air from the compressor 42 and flows into the atomizing nozzle 44. Further, water from the pump 43 also flows into the atomizing nozzle 44, and the atomizing nozzle 44 sprays ozone fog into the sorting chamber 30.
When water molecules (H ₂ O) of fine water particles contained in the ozone fog react with ozone, highly active hydroxy radicals are generated. This hydroxy radical has a stronger deodorizing function than ozone, and the odor component in the sorting chamber 30 is oxidized and removed. The details of this deodorizing apparatus are described in JP-A-10-296044.

  In addition, the control device 20 drives the belt conveyor 31, the rotary door 60, and the garbage processing machine 10 based on information obtained from the garbage measuring device 21, the card reading device 22, the micro switch 53, and the shape detection device 70. Control. The garbage processor 10 continues to operate even when the revolving door 60 is opened.

Next, the operation of this apparatus will be described.
The user is obliged to put the garbage in a transparent or translucent bag made of polyethylene resin or the like.
The user who brought the garbage inserts the point card into the card reader 22 and places the garbage on the weighing device 21. When the card reader 22 reads the information recorded on the point card by the reader / writer 24, the card reader 22 acquires measurement data from the weighing device 21 and temporarily stores it. In addition, a message “Please put garbage on the belt conveyor 31” is displayed on the display unit 23.
The control device 20 starts driving the belt conveyor 31 in the forward direction (the direction in which the garbage is carried into the sorting chamber 30) in accordance with the message displayed on the display unit 23.
The garbage 80 put on the belt conveyor 31 by the user is carried into the sorting chamber 30 from the carry-in entrance 34 closed by the belt-like curtain 50 while pushing up the belt-like curtain 50 (FIG. 2C). At this time, only the belt-like curtain 50 in contact with the garbage 80 is pushed up, and only the micro switch 53 corresponding to the belt-like curtain 50 is turned on.

As shown in FIG. 5A, the control device 20 records the micro switch 53 that is turned on every Δt time (the micro switch 53 arranged in the thick line), and the garbage 80 in the width direction of the belt conveyor 31 is recorded. Find the transition of width.
Further, the control device 20 activates the shape detecting device 70 in the height direction when any one of the microswitches 53 is turned on, and causes each light emitting element 74 to emit light, as shown in FIG. 5B. The position of the light receiving element 75 that cannot receive light (the position of the light receiving element 75 arranged within the bold line) is stored every Δt time.
When all the light receiving elements 75 can receive light again after the light receiving elements 75 that cannot receive light appear, the control device 20 determines that the garbage 80 has passed between the light emitting column 72 and the light receiving column 73. The shape detection device 70 is stopped, and the sorting process of the garbage 80 is started.

In this sorting process, first, the volume of the garbage 80 is calculated. This volume is the length of the thick line in FIG. 5A at time points (t1 + kΔt) and (t2 + kΔt) at which the elapsed times from the detection start time points t1 and t2 coincide in FIG. 5 (a) and FIG. 5 (b). It is obtained by integrating the lengths of the thick lines in FIG.
Next, the specific gravity of the garbage 80 is obtained from the calculated volume and the measurement data of the weighing device 21.
Judgment is made whether the obtained specific gravity falls within the prescribed range, and if it exceeds the prescribed range (possibly stone or iron scrap instead of raw garbage) or below the prescribed range (raw The possibility of industrial waste such as styrofoam (not trash) is screened as “non-garbage”.
Further, whether the waste is 80 or not is also selected from the shapes of FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b). For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, when a straight line or a circle indicating an artifact appears in the shape, it is selected as non-garbage. Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), when the upper side of the shape obtained by the shape detection device 70 in the height direction is horizontal, there is a high possibility that the contents of the bag are liquid such as waste oil. Sort as garbage.

When the control device 20 sorts the carry-in as raw garbage, the control device 20 notifies the card reader 22 of the fact, and the card reader 22 uses the point corresponding to the weight of the raw garbage measured by the weighing device 21 as a point card. Append. The control device 20 further drives the belt conveyor 31 in the forward direction to drop the garbage 80 between the partition plates 61 of the rotary door 60, and then drives the rotary door 60 to remove the garbage 80 from the garbage. The processor 10 is loaded.
When the revolving door 60 is opened, the garbage processor 10 does not have to be stopped. However, in order to move the garbage 80 that has dropped near the inlet 14 to the center of the garbage processor 10, the stirring blades rotate. The direction may be switched.

The bag containing the garbage is crushed between the stirring blade and the treatment tank in the garbage processor 10 to release the garbage. The torn bag rotates while being caught by the stirring blade without being mixed with the fermented garbage. Therefore, when collect | recovering the fermented garbage, it can remove collectively from a stirring blade using a rod-shaped instrument.
Further, when the control device 20 sorts the incoming material as non-garbage, the belt conveyor 31 is driven in the reverse direction, and the non-garbage is carried out of the sorting chamber 30.

Thus, this garbage disposal apparatus can eliminate the fraudulent act which tries to obtain a privilege by putting stones, iron scraps, waste oil or the like instead of the garbage.
Further, in this garbage disposal apparatus, the sorting chamber 30 is deodorized by spraying ozone fog from the atomizing nozzle 44 and is kept in a reduced pressure state by the exhaust of the fan 33. Even if the odor leaks from the mouth 14, there is no possibility that the odor will diffuse from the entrance 14 of the sorting chamber 30 to the outside.
Moreover, since the space of the sorting chamber 30 is narrower than the space of the processing tank of the garbage processing machine 10, deodorization in the sorting chamber 30 has a higher deodorizing effect than deodorizing the inside of the processing tank.
Moreover, since the fermentation process in the garbage processor 10 is continuously performed regardless of the input of the garbage, the fermentation efficiency can be increased as compared with the conventional model.
Further, in this garbage disposal apparatus, as long as the garbage placed in the bag is placed on the belt conveyor 31, it is automatically loaded into the garbage disposal machine 10, so that the burden on the user is light.

In addition, the structure shown here is an example, Comprising: This invention is not necessarily limited to it.
For example, in order to know the volume of the carried-in item, the carried-in item may be photographed from a plurality of directions, and the volume may be calculated by image analysis. It is also possible to obtain the outer shape of the carried-in object using the reflection of laser light.
Moreover, a roller conveyor etc. can also be used for a conveyance means.
Further, the door that closes the insertion port 14 may be of any type as long as the control device 20 can perform opening / closing control. However, since the rotary door can shorten the opening time of the inlet 14, it is possible to suppress the odor diffusion from the inlet 14 and the temperature drop of the processing tank due to the intrusion of the low temperature gas. .
In addition, here, the case where points are accumulated in the point card according to the weight of the garbage has been described. This point card may be newly introduced for this system, or may be used at a commercial facility. An IC card or the like in which electronic money or the like is stored can also be used. In this way, the method of accumulating values such as points and electronic money in information recording cards such as point cards and IC cards according to the weight of garbage increases the willingness of users to participate in the garbage recycling system, Allows smooth circulation of the system.

The figure which shows the structure of the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the entrance (a) of the sorting chamber of the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the shape detection means (b) (c) of the width direction. The figure which shows the shape detection apparatus of the height direction of the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention. The figure which shows the rotation door of the garbage processing apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and its operation | movement. Diagram explaining how to calculate the volume of garbage Diagram explaining non-garbage sorting method by shape The figure which shows the structure of the conventional garbage processing apparatus

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Garbage disposal machine 11 Motor 12 Rotor blade 13 Rotating shaft 14 Input port 15 Collection port 16 Processing tank 20 Control device 21 Garbage metering device 22 Card reader 23 Display unit 24 Reader / writer 30 Sorting chamber 31 Belt conveyor 32 Exhaust duct 33 Exhaust fan 34 Carry-in port 40 Ozone generator 41 Water 42 Compressor 43 Pump 44 Atomizing nozzle 50 Strip curtain 52 Arm 53 Micro switch 54 Axis 55 Button 60 Revolving door 61 Partition plate 62 Disk 63 Revolving shaft 70 Shape detector 72 Light emission Column 73 Light receiving column 74 Light emitting element 75 Light receiving element 80 Garbage 81 Bag

Claims (5)

A garbage processing machine that stirs and mixes garbage with fermentation materials and performs fermentation,
A sorting room for garbage disposed adjacent to the garbage disposal machine;
A garbage input provided at a boundary between the sorting room and the garbage processing machine;
A sealing door that seals the inlet except when raw garbage is being charged;
Conveying means for carrying the garbage from outside the sorting chamber through the inlet of the sorting chamber and conveying the garbage to the inlet;
Sorting means for sorting whether or not the carry-in conveyed in the sorting chamber by the conveying means is garbage;
An exhaust deodorization device for performing exhaust deodorization of the sorting chamber;
A control device for controlling the garbage processing machine, the sealing door, the conveying means and the sorting means,
When the carried-in material carried by the conveying means is sorted as garbage from the sorting means, the sealed door is opened and put into the garbage processing machine, and sorted as non-garbage from the sorting means. When this is the case, the garbage disposal apparatus is carried out of the sorting chamber by the transfer means.   2. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a weighing unit for measuring the weight of the carried-in item and a reading / writing unit for reading an information recording card, wherein the carried-in item is collected by the sorting unit. When selected as, the value corresponding to the weight of the carry-in measured by the weighing means is added to the information recording card by the read / write means.   3. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the blocking door includes a rotation shaft that is pivotally supported on opposite side portions of the charging port, and a plurality of partition plates that extend radially from the rotation shaft. The raw garbage conveyed by the conveying means is held between the two partition plates, and is thrown into the garbage processing machine along with the rotation of the rotary shaft. A garbage disposal apparatus which is blocked by a partition plate.   The garbage disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sorting unit identifies a shape of the carried-in item and sorts the carried-in item based on the shape. Garbage disposal device.   The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the sorting unit identifies a volume of the carried-in item, and based on a specific gravity calculated from the volume and a weight measured by the weighing device. A garbage disposal apparatus for sorting incoming goods.

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