JP2008229622A - Excrement treating base material and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an excrement treating base material capable of efficiently decomposing and treating excrement of animals with microorganisms, while effectively suppressing the generation of offensive odor. <P>SOLUTION: The excrement treating base material configured including wooden strips is made up of the wooden strips containing wooden fragments 10 or bark fragments 12 that are crushed into elongated shapes of slenderness ratio of 2 to 20 and the excrement of pigs and/or cows treated via aeration added thereto, wherein the total volume of the wooden fragments and/or bark fragments of the elongated shapes of the slenderness ratio of 2 to 20 occupies not less than 1/3 of the total volume of the wooden strips. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a manure processing substrate used for fermenting and decomposing manure of animals including humans by the action of microorganisms and an advantageous production method thereof.

  Conventionally, the process of fermenting, decomposing and composting manure by mixing and depositing straw, rice husk, sawdust (sawdust), etc. in the manure of pigs, cows, chickens and other livestock, Generally implemented. As is well known, the treatment of animal manure by composting allows the water content in manure to be within an appropriate range by mixing with processing base materials such as straw, rice husk, sawdust, etc. Under the conditions ensured, the biodegradation action of aerobic microorganisms, which are capable of decomposing organic matter present in manure, makes manure easy to reduce the soil and does not adversely affect the environment.

  By the way, among the above-mentioned treatment base materials, in particular, sawdust has been studied for use as a treatment base material for treating pet excreta such as dogs and cats, and further human excrement. Further, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-23673 (Patent Document 1) describes a chicken raising method in which chicken excreta is treated using sawdust. That is, the sawdust is not only for adjusting the moisture in the manure and ensuring air permeability, but also for holding and breeding microorganisms that have the function of fermenting and decomposing manure. It is also used as a possible fungal bed.

However, the excrement processing base material made of such sawdust has not yet been fully satisfactory. That is, in the conventional animal manure processing base material using such powdered or granular sawdust, the sawdust containing the manure is solidified so that the manure can be suitably fermented and decomposed. It was difficult for the propagating microorganisms to propagate, and it was difficult to sufficiently prevent the generation of malodor during the excrement treatment.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-23673

  Here, the present invention has been made in the background as described above, and the problem to be solved is to efficiently reduce the generation of malodours in animals while effectively suppressing the generation of malodors. It is an object to provide a novel manure processing substrate that can be decomposed automatically.

  Hereinafter, the aspect of this invention made | formed in order to solve such a subject is described. In addition, the component employ | adopted in the aspect of the following description is employable by arbitrary combinations as much as possible. Further, aspects or technical features of the present invention are not limited to those described below, but are described in the entire specification and drawings, or an invention that can be understood by those skilled in the art from those descriptions. It should be understood that it is recognized based on thought.

  The first aspect of the present invention is a crushed wood obtained by crushing wood and a bark crushed material obtained by crushing bark in a manure processing base material configured to include wood chips. In addition, the wooden strip is configured to include those having an elongated shape with an elongated ratio of 2 to 20 at least one of them, and in addition to the wooden strip, aerated pig and / or cow manure is included. Furthermore, the total volume of the crushed wood and / or the bark crushed material having a slender shape with a slenderness ratio of 2 to 20 is 1/3 or more of the total volume of the wood strip. Is a feature.

  In this embodiment, the wood chips constituting the excrement disposal base material include a crushed wood obtained by crushing wood and a bark crushed material obtained by crushing the bark. In addition, since at least one of the crushed wood and bark crushed material includes an elongated shape having a slenderness ratio of 2 to 20, there is a gap between the crushed wood and bark crushed material. Is easily formed.

  That is, as a result of investigation by the present inventor, saw powder used as a conventional manure processing base as described above has a large amount of sawdust from a sawmill, and has a fine polygonal shape. Therefore, when mixing and using a conventional manure processing base material using such sawdust in manure, the base material absorbs the water of the manure, and as a whole, it collects due to adhesion force, surface tension, etc. It solidifies and easily forms solids. As a result, the surface area of the base material is reduced, the voids are reduced, and it has been found that there will be a problem that the growth of aerobic microorganisms particularly useful for decomposition of manure will be suppressed. In particular, when such aggregated solids are formed, the central portion becomes anaerobic, the degradation rate due to aerobic microorganisms is remarkably reduced, and not only the excrement treatment does not proceed, but also lower fatty acids. As a result, it has been found that malodorous causative substances are generated, and as a result, bad odors are likely to be generated.

  Here, in this embodiment, a crushed material having a large slenderness ratio is used, and this is configured as a manure processing base material, so that aggregate solids are hardly formed as a whole. Further, even if such treated base materials are gathered, voids are likely to be formed due to the large slenderness ratio, and therefore, an aerobic environment can be efficiently created inside the aggregate. Therefore, the decomposition of manure by microorganisms will be performed efficiently and quickly over the whole, and as a result, when fermenting manure and decomposing it, the generation of malodor-causing substances is effectively suppressed, Thus, the generation of malodor can be advantageously suppressed.

  In addition, it has been reported that microorganisms contained in pig and cattle manure are effective for the decomposition of raw garbage, but in particular, by adopting the aeration treatment of pig and cattle manure Aerobic microorganisms can be selectively and advantageously collected, and are more effective for decomposing animal manure as well as raw garbage. The degradation of manure progresses under aerobic conditions as a whole, but anaerobic microorganisms also play a partial role during the degradation. And it is considered that the anaerobic microorganisms effective in the degradation of animal manure exist in the microorganisms contained in pig and cattle manure. It can be used very effectively in animal manure decomposition treatment.

  And in particular, in this aspect, air is appropriately taken in from the wood pieces that are composed of crushed wood and / or bark crushed material having an elongated ratio of 2-20. As a result, it becomes possible to more effectively carry out the decomposition treatment of manure with microorganisms while sufficiently suppressing the generation of malodor.

  That is, if the slenderness ratio is smaller than 2, the wooden strips are difficult to take in air. That is, it becomes difficult to form voids in the wood strip. For this reason, malodor is likely to occur, and the ability to decompose manure decreases. On the other hand, if the slenderness ratio is greater than 20, the wood strip will take in more air. In other words, voids are formed more than necessary with respect to the wood strips, thereby promoting drying and causing a deficiency of water inside the manure. As a result, the activity of aerobic microorganisms useful for decomposing manure is reduced, and the ability to decompose manure is reduced.

  In addition, the elongate ratio in this aspect shall mean the value which divided the length dimension of the crushed wood and bark crushed object made into the elongate shape by the width dimension. Here, the length dimension refers to the value of the maximum length of the crushed wood and bark crushed material, and the width dimension refers to the maximum width value of the crushed wood and bark crushed material.

  In addition, the size of the crushed wood or bark crushed material of this embodiment is preferably 1 mm to 10 mm, more preferably 3 to 8 mm in width, and preferably 5 to 100 mm in length. More preferably, it is 15-80 mm. And in this aspect, while ensuring such a magnitude | size, the crushed wood and the bark crushed material set so that an elongate ratio may be set to 2-20 will be employ | adopted suitably.

  In addition, it is desirable that the manure processing substrate of this embodiment is used for manure treatment after fermenting the wood chips with microorganisms contained in the aeration-treated pig and cow manure, thereby treating animal manure It is possible to more effectively suppress the rise in temperature and the generation of bad odors. Furthermore, it is desirable to store the fermented manure processing substrate indoors for an appropriate time before using it for manure processing. This is because a certain amount of aging is achieved.

  Here, the “aeration-treated pig and / or cow manure” in this embodiment is an aeration process in which pig and cow manure collected from a pig house or cow barn is placed in an aeration tank. In addition, “pig and / or cattle manure” in this embodiment is a liquid spillage collected by pouring down the floor of a piggery or cowshed, mainly urine, but also mixed with some feces. Is. Note that the aeration process may be performed a plurality of times. Moreover, it is desirable to perform the aeration process in an aeration tank of a moat drilled on the soil ground, thereby making it possible to suppress the smell of pig and cow manure by the action of indigenous bacteria. Moreover, it becomes possible to effectively use not only those contained in pig and cow manure but also useful microorganisms present in the soil. In particular, the soil of Yamano where dead leaves exist is desirable. Moreover, the excrement of pigs and cows in this embodiment is preferably the excrement of pigs and cows raised without antibiotics.

  It should be noted that the crushed wood in this embodiment can be advantageously obtained by cutting and crushing a felled forest or the like produced by construction work, road construction, or the like, or raw wood or lumber scraps from which the bark has been peeled off as necessary. Moreover, the bark crushed material in this embodiment can be advantageously obtained by crushing the bark peeled from the raw wood. Then, you may make it obtain a crushed wood material and a bark crushed material simultaneously by crushing what was obtained by cutting the raw wood which has not been peeled. In particular, if both of them are put into a crusher at the same time and crushed, a relatively soft bark can be efficiently crushed by striking against a relatively hard wood. In addition, the raw wood that has not been peeled may be raw wood. Furthermore, when crushing the raw wood or lumber scraps that have been peeled off the bark as necessary, the bark may also be crushed so that a crushed wood product and a crushed bark product are obtained simultaneously.

  As a device used for crushing wood and bark, a conventionally known crusher such as a hammer crusher for wood is suitably employed. In particular, it has a structure that is crushed by hitting it with a paddle or protrusion that rotates at a relatively high speed and applying an impact, rather than a structure that is crushed by a pair of rollers that rotate at a relatively low speed. Is desirable. By using such a crusher, it is elongated in the fiber direction of the wood without any special treatment thereafter, and a crushed wood or bark crushed material having a good slenderness ratio is easily obtained in the present invention. It becomes possible.

  The second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the excrement disposal base material according to the first aspect, the crushed bark includes a crushed coniferous bark. According to such an embodiment, malodor when the animal manure is decomposed can be more effectively suppressed. Further, for example, when the manure-treated substrate itself is fermented before the manure treatment, the malodor can be more effectively suppressed. Conifers include cedar and cypress, but it is desirable to use cedar bark, which can cause bad odor when decomposing animal manure and, if necessary, manure treatment base before manure treatment. Any bad odor when fermenting the material itself can be more effectively suppressed.

  The third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the excrement disposal base material according to the first or second aspect, the crushed bark includes a material obtained by crushing the bark of a broad-leaved tree. In such a manure processing base material according to this embodiment, composting after the animal manure is decomposed can be promptly performed.

  In addition, when this mode and the second mode are employed in combination, the ratio of the bark crushed material obtained by crushing the bark of the coniferous tree and the bark crushed material obtained by crushing the bark of the broadleaf tree are approximately the same. Is desirable.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the excrement disposal base material according to any one of the first to third aspects, the volume of the bark crushed material is 1 of the total volume of the wood chips. / 3 or more. According to such an embodiment, it is possible to more effectively suppress malodor when decomposing animal manure and malodor when fermenting the manure treatment substrate itself before manure treatment, if necessary. .

  A fifth aspect of the present invention includes a fermented or substantially fermented swine dung and / or cow dung in the excreta treating substrate according to any one of the first to fourth aspects. This is a feature. According to such this aspect, the fertilizer effect at the time of utilizing the excrement processing base material after decomposing the animal excrement as compost can be improved significantly. That is, in the raw garbage processing base material in which microorganisms contained in pig and cow manure are adhered and cultured using only conventional sawdust as a base material, it cannot be used as compost immediately after the raw garbage is decomposed. Although preparations such as fermenting were necessary for a period of time, according to this aspect, it can be used as compost even after immediately decomposing animal manure by using the nutrients of pig manure and cow manure. It becomes possible.

  Moreover, in this aspect, fermentation of the manure processing base itself before using for the fermentation of manure at the time of processing animal manure, or manure processing is accelerated | stimulated by the nutrient which a pig manure and a cow manure have. Furthermore, it becomes possible to raise fermentation temperature by adding pig droppings and cow droppings, and, thereby, for example, it becomes possible to promote fermentation advantageously also in winter. It should be noted that the addition of porcine feces and cow dung increases the fermentation temperature because the addition of porcine feces and cow dung adds or increases the amount of high-temperature fermentation-type bacteria to the manure processing substrate. This is considered to be due to the fact that fermentation by a type of fungus is being carried out.

  Moreover, in this aspect, you may make it change the amount of pig droppings and cow dung according to a seasonal temperature change, and in this case, the amount of pig droppings and cow droppings can be reduced in summer than in winter. . Furthermore, it becomes easy to kill bacteria that are not related to excreta treatment, harmful bacteria, bacteria that cause odors, etc. by using the fermentation temperature increased by adding pig dung and cow dung. . It should be noted that the fermented pig feces and cow feces in this embodiment refer to those in a state where the fermentation has been completed and dried. In addition, the substantially fermented pig feces and cattle feces in this embodiment are those that have been fermented to about 80% and dried to about 80%, but have not been completely dried to near atmospheric humidity. Say. Furthermore, in this embodiment, it is possible to make fermentation heat higher in the substantially fermented pig feces and cow dung than in the fermented pig feces and cow dung. Thereby, especially the efficiency of fermentation in winter can be improved, or the effectiveness of sterilization using fermentation heat can be further improved.

  In addition, it is desirable to adopt the fifth aspect particularly in combination with the second aspect, so that, for example, even when using substantially fermented pig feces and cow feces, Occurrence can be suppressed. In this case, it is particularly desirable that the crushed bark is obtained by crushing cedar bark or birch bark.

  The sixth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the excreta treating substrate according to any one of the first to fifth aspects further includes indigenous bacteria. In this embodiment, by including indigenous bacteria, it is possible to effectively use even the function of decomposing animal manure by bacteria in the soil. Indigenous bacteria can be easily mixed, for example, by carrying out aeration processing on pig and cow manure in the moat reservoir as described above. In particular, by forming the moat pond in the eutrophic soil of Yamano, it becomes possible to mix indigenous bacteria more advantageously.

  A seventh aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the manure processing substrate according to any one of the first to sixth aspects further includes rice bran. In such a manure processing substrate according to this embodiment, the nutrients of rice bran promote the fermentation of manure when processing animal manure and the fermentation of the manure processing substrate itself before being used for manure treatment. It is also possible to adopt okara instead of rice bran or in addition to rice bran. As a result, the residue after decomposition can be used more advantageously as compost, and it is possible to efficiently treat okara which is a kind of industrial waste. Furthermore, the manure processing base material further containing the rice bran and the okara is also advantageously used as a livestock feed, whereby the effective use of the rice bran and the okara can be further advantageously achieved.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the excrement disposal substrate according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the wooden piece is obtained by crushing a raw tree. It is characterized by containing a fermented product. According to this embodiment, the generation of malodor can be more advantageously suppressed as compared to the case where animal manure is treated using a manure processing base material that does not contain fermented raw wood crushed material. It becomes possible. The raw tree may be a conifer or a broad-leaved tree. In addition, fermentation of crushed raw wood may be performed by adding microorganisms or indigenous bacteria contained in pig or cow manure to the crushed raw wood, and using these added microorganisms. You may carry out using the microorganisms adhering to a raw tree or a root stock. In addition, when crushed raw wood (including root stocks, the same shall apply hereinafter) using a crusher, and using the crushed raw wood, the heat of the crushed by the crusher is used to It also becomes possible to promote fermentation.

  Further, the shape of the raw wood of this embodiment is not particularly limited as long as the raw wood is not completely dried. For example, the raw wood may be in a state of raw wood that has not been peeled, or the raw wood that has been peeled. It may be in the state. Moreover, you may perform the crushing of a raw tree simultaneously with the crushing of a timber and a bark. Furthermore, it is also possible to use a raw tree as the wood in the present invention, and to form a woody piece from a crushed material of the raw tree.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a manure-treated substrate according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, wherein (a) the wood is crushed and the wood A wood crushing step for obtaining a crushed material, (b) a bark crushing step for crushing the bark to obtain a bark crushed material, and (c) a slender ratio for adjusting the slenderness ratio of the wood crushed material and / or the bark crushed material. An adjustment step; (d) an aeration process for aeration of pig and / or cow manure; and (e) a pig and / or cow manure obtained by the aeration process and an elongated ratio adjustment step. A mixing step of mixing the crushed wood and / or wood chips comprising the bark crushed, and (f) a mixture fermentation step of fermenting the mixture obtained by the mixing step It is characterized by including.

  According to such a manufacturing method of this aspect, the wood strip is configured to include at least a part of a crushed wood or bark crushed material having a specific elongated shape, and the wood strip, aerated Since the mixture in which the processed pig and cow manure is mixed is fermented in the mixture fermentation process, the production of malodor can be suppressed in the mixture fermentation process, and the present manufacturing method The generation of malodor can be suppressed even when animal manure is processed using the manure processing substrate manufactured according to the above.

  In addition, the slenderness ratio adjusting step in this aspect is not a form of crushing and crushing wood or bark, for example, using a wood crusher such as a hammer crusher of the type crushing and crushing as described above, By obtaining the crushed material, it is possible to obtain a wood strip having a desired slenderness ratio without requiring a special adjustment step. In this case, the slenderness ratio adjusting step is performed simultaneously in the wood crushing step and the bark crushing step. More preferably, when the wood is crushed by such a wood crusher, it is desirable that the bark is also put in a treatment container together with the wood and the bark is simultaneously crushed. Thereby, the probability that the bark that is difficult to be crushed will be crushed by being crushed by the crushed wood, and an efficient crushing process may be realized.

  In addition, the wood crushing step and the bark crushing step in this aspect may be performed only once, or may be performed stepwise multiple times until the desired size is obtained. Further, the mixing step is advantageously realized by stirring for a predetermined time using a stirring means such as a blade. Moreover, the mixture fermentation process is advantageously realized by, for example, stacking the mixture obtained in the mixing process at a predetermined height in a state where the mixture is ventilated indoors. In addition, considering the height of the stacked mixture, if it is determined that the air does not reach the interior sufficiently, the mixture is turned over at an appropriate time or number of days, and the interior and surface layers are switched. Desirably, as a whole, a substantially uniform fermentation takes place.

  Moreover, when manufacturing a manure processing base material according to this aspect, in addition to said process, the fermentation process of pig droppings and / or cow dung was provided separately, and it was obtained by this pig droppings and / or cow dropping fermentation process. It is desirable to mix the fermented or substantially fermented pig and / or cow dung together with other ingredients in the mixing step and to ferment the mixture obtained by this mixing step in the mixed fermentation step. Thereby, the target manure processing base material can be obtained advantageously. In particular, in such a case, the mixture is mixed with fermented or substantially fermented pig dung or cow dung, so that the mixture does not reach a high temperature in the mixing step, but rises from the mixture fermentation step. Further, in this case, since the fermented or substantially fermented pig dung or cow dung is mixed, it becomes possible to increase the heat of fermentation, and using this heat of fermentation, It becomes possible to kill unnecessary microorganisms.

  In addition, the fermentation process of pig droppings and / or cow droppings is carried out, for example, by stacking pig droppings and / or cow droppings collected from a pig barn or cow barn on a ground preferably made impervious with concrete coating or the like. It is advantageously realized by natural fermentation in the shade for several weeks.

  Moreover, when manufacturing a manure processing base material according to this aspect, it is desirable to mix rice bran with other materials in a mixing process, and to ferment the mixture obtained at the mixing process at a mixture fermentation process. . Thereby, it becomes possible to obtain the target excrement processing base material advantageously. In addition, as rice bran, what is discarded by milled rice or any one distributed in the market can be adopted.

  Furthermore, when manufacturing a manure processing base material in this way, in addition to the above-mentioned process, the raw tree crushing process which crushes a raw tree, and the raw tree crushed material obtained by this raw tree crushing process are fermented. A separate process for fermenting raw wood to be crushed and separately mixing fermented raw wood crushed material obtained by performing the raw wood crushing step and the raw wood crushed product fermentation step together with other materials in the mixing step, It is desirable to ferment this mixture in a mixture fermentation process. Thereby, the target manure processing base material can be obtained advantageously.

  In addition, the raw tree crushing process here is advantageously implement | achieved by crushing a raw tree with a crusher, for example. Moreover, a raw-wood crushed material fermentation process is advantageously implement | achieved by fermenting using the microorganisms adhering to the raw-wood crushed material, for example. Furthermore, the raw wood crushing step may be performed simultaneously with the wood crushing step or the bark crushing step, or the raw wood may be adopted as a crushed wood product or a bark crushed material to constitute a woody piece from the raw wood. .

  As is clear from the above description, in the excreta treating substrate according to the present invention, at least one of the crushed wood and the bark crushed material contained in the wood strip has an elongated shape with an elongated ratio in a specific range. Therefore, the fermentative decomposition of animal manure by microorganisms can be performed efficiently, and the generation of malodor can be suppressed extremely advantageously.

  Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of a manure processing substrate according to the present invention. In the wood crushing step (S1), the wood is crushed using a crusher. In addition, as the wood used here, for example, raw wood or lumber scraps obtained by stripping bark are used. Moreover, such raw wood and sawdust are cut as necessary and used in a state of being processed to an appropriate size. Furthermore, the kind of wood is not limited, for example, it may be a conifer or a broad-leaved tree. And only one kind of such various kinds of wood is used alone, or a plurality of kinds are appropriately combined. Moreover, even if this timber is a raw tree, it does not interfere.

  On the other hand, as a crusher for crushing those timbers, any of various conventionally known crushers can be used. For example, hitting with a paddle or a protrusion rotating at a relatively high speed gives an impact. In the case where a hammer crusher having a structure for crushing wood is used, a crushed material elongated in the fiber direction of the wood is obtained.

  Next, in the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), the slenderness ratio of the crushed material of the wood obtained in the wood crushing step (S1) is adjusted, and the crushed wood material 10 having an elongated needle shape as shown in FIG. You get a lot. At this time, as described above, when the crushing of the wood in the wood crushing step (S1) is performed using the Hanmark lasher, the wood is crushed in a state of being elongated in the fiber direction. By crushing wood using the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) is performed simultaneously with the wood crushing step (S1).

  In addition, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) is performed separately from the wood crushing step (S1), for example, by passing the crushed wood obtained in the wood crushing step (S1) through a sieve. In other words, using a sieve having a structure in which a plurality of screens having elongated rectangular sieve meshes are arranged with a predetermined distance between them, the wood obtained in the wood crushing step (S1) using this sieve The desired slender timber crushed material 10 can be obtained by selecting the crushed material.

  And the crushed wood material 10 obtained in such a slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) has a width dimension: a of preferably 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 3 to 8 mm, while a length dimension: b. However, it is preferably 5 to 100 mm, more preferably 15 to 80 mm. In the present embodiment, the maximum width of the crushed wood material 10 is adopted as the width dimension: a of the crushed wood material 10, and the maximum length is adopted as the length dimension: b.

  In particular, in the crushed wood 10, the width ratio: a and the length dimension: b are set to values within the preferred ranges as described above, and the slenderness ratio, that is, the length dimension. : Value obtained by dividing b by width dimension: b / a is 2 to 20. In other words, by the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), the crushed wood material 10 in which the width dimension: a and the length dimension b are adjusted so that the slenderness ratio: b / a is 2 to 20 is obtained. . In addition, in the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), when it is difficult to obtain only the crushed wood material 10 in which the slenderness ratio: b / a is 2-20, the slenderness ratio: b / a is 2-20. The crushed wood 10 having a value outside the range may also be included to some extent if both the width dimension: a and the length dimension: b are values within the above range.

  Then, in carrying out such a wood crushing step (S1) and a slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), these two steps are repeated until a sufficiently crushed wood material 10 having an appropriate slenderness ratio: b / a is sufficiently obtained. You can go. Further, after the wood crushing step (S1) is repeated an appropriate number of times, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) may be performed.

  On the other hand, apart from the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), in the bark crushing step (S3), the bark obtained by peeling off the raw wood is crushed using a crusher. In addition, you may cut | disconnect the bark peeled off from the raw wood to a suitable magnitude | size before crushing with this crusher. Further, the bark used here may be peeled from a conifer or may be peeled from a broad-leaved tree. And only one type of such various barks is used alone or in combination of a plurality of types as appropriate. Such bark may be either one peeled from a raw tree or one peeled from a tree after cutting. Any conventionally known crusher for crushing such bark can be used.

  Next, in the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4), the slenderness ratio of the crushed bark obtained in the bark crushing step (S3) is adjusted, and as shown in FIG. A large number of bark crushed materials 12 having a shape are obtained. Here, in the same manner as when the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) are performed, if the bark crushing step (S3) is performed using the Hanmark crusher described above, the slenderness ratio adjusting step ( S4) can be performed simultaneously with the bark crushing step (S3). In particular, if the wood and bark are crushed simultaneously using a Hammark crusher, the bark, which is difficult to be crushed, can be efficiently crushed by striking against hard wood, as well as the wood crushing step (S1). The four steps of the ratio adjustment step (S2), the bark crushing step (S3), and the slenderness ratio adjustment step (S4) can be performed simultaneously. In addition, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) includes a sieve used in the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2) of the wood crushing step (S1), and the bark material crushed material obtained in the bark crushing step (S3). It can also be performed separately from the bark crushing step (S1), for example, by applying the same sieve.

  And the bark crushed material 12 obtained in such a slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) has a width dimension: a and a length dimension: b of the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2). The width dimension: a and the length dimension: b of the crushed wood material 10 obtained by the implementation are dimensions within the same range as that of the b. Similarly to a, the value is in the range of 2 to 20.

  Further, when performing the bark crushing step (S3) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4), the two steps are repeated until a bark crushed material 12 having an appropriate slenderness ratio: b / a is sufficiently obtained. Alternatively, after the bark crushing step (S3) is repeated an appropriate number of times, the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4) may be performed.

  Furthermore, apart from the four steps of the wood crushing step (S1), the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), the bark crushing step (S3), and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S4), they are collected from the pig house in the aeration process step (S5). The swine manure is put into an aeration tank, and the swine manure is aerated. At that time, the swine manure may be aerated in a plurality of times in a plurality of aeration tanks. Moreover, the structure of the aeration tank used here is not specifically limited, For example, it may be a product made from concrete or the thing of a bare moat. In particular, when aeration processing is performed in an aeration tank in a moat, malodor generated from manure during aeration processing can be effectively suppressed by the action of indigenous bacteria. In addition, although it replaces with pig dung or in addition to pig dung, even if it employ | adopts cow dung, it has confirmed that an effective effect is demonstrated, In the following embodiment, it demonstrates as what uses only pig dung.

  Next, in the mixing step (S6), the crushed wood 10 having the slenderness ratio: b / a adjusted in the wood crushing step (S1) and the slenderness ratio adjusting step (S2), and the bark crushing step (S3) ) And the slenderness ratio adjustment step (S4), and the bark crushed material 12 with the slenderness ratio: b / a adjusted, and the aeration-treated pig manure obtained in the aeration treatment step (S5), Mix to obtain a mixture. This mixing step (S6) is advantageously realized by, for example, putting all the materials to be mixed into a known mixer or the like and mixing them.

  The mixing ratio of the material to be mixed (the crushed wood 10, the bark crushed 12 and the aerated pig manure) is not particularly limited, but preferably the crushed wood 10 and the bark. The mixture with the crushed material 12, that is, the ratio of the aeration-treated porcine manure mixed in an amount of about 100 to 200 liters per 1 cubic meter of the wood strip. Further, although the amounts of the crushed wood 10 and the bark crushed material 12 constituting the wood strip are not specified at all, for example, the volume of the bark crushed material 12 is the total volume of the wood strip. It is desirable that it is 1/3 or more of (the total value of the volume of the crushed wood 10 and the volume of the bark crushed 12).

  In this mixing step (S6), rice bran, fermented pig feces, or substantially fermented pig feces, etc., as necessary, with respect to the crushed wood 10 and the bark crushed 12 and the aerated pig manure, etc. Are added and mixed. Among these additive materials, rice bran that is generated at the time of rice milling and discarded or provided to the market is appropriately used. In addition, the amount of such rice bran added is preferably about 20 to 30 liters per 1 cubic meter of the wood pieces (the crushed wood 10 and the crushed bark 12).

  In addition, fermented pig feces are prepared by subjecting pig feces collected from a pig house to a pig feces fermentation process in which they are deposited and fermented. Furthermore, the substantially fermented pig feces refers to a state in which fermentation by such pig feces fermentation treatment has progressed to about 80% or more. In addition, when implementing this pig excrement fermentation process, it is desirable to mix the chopped cedar skin into the pig excrement. Thereby, the bad odor produced during the pig dung fermentation process can be suppressed as much as possible. Moreover, it is preferable that the quantity of the fermented pig droppings or the substantially fermented pig droppings added and mixed in the mixing step (S6) is about 10 to 20 liters per 1 cubic meter of the wood chips.

  Thereafter, in the mixture fermentation step (S7), the mixture obtained in the mixing step (S6) is fermented. This mixture fermentation step (S7) includes, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the crushed wood 10, the crushed bark 12, the aerated pig manure 14, and the others added as necessary. This is realized by stacking a mixture 16 of the components (not shown) to a certain height: h, depositing, and then fermenting for a period of time. As a result, the target manure treatment comprising the crushed wood 10 and bark crushed material 12 having a slender shape in which the slenderness ratio: b / a is 2 to 20, and the aerated pig manure 14 The base material 18 is obtained.

  During the mixture fermentation step (S7), the deposited mixture 16 may be turned over. Thereby, the fermentation of the mixture 16 can proceed efficiently and rapidly. Moreover, it is desirable that the stacking height h of the mixture 16 is about 1.5 to 3 m. This is because when the height h is lower than 1.5 m, a problem arises in that a large space is required to deposit a predetermined amount of the mixture 16, and the mixture 16 is piled up. Height: When h is higher than 3 m, it becomes difficult to create a gap for air to enter the mixture 16 due to its own weight, thereby deteriorating the fermentation state and generating bad odor when turning over. It is.

  Thus, when decomposing livestock, pets, or human excrement using the excrement disposal substrate 18 produced by a series of production processes as described above, the crushed wood 10 contained in the excrement disposal substrate 18 and Since the bark crushed material 12 has an elongated shape within a specific range: b / a, the bark crushed material 12 is decomposed by mixing the animal manure 18 with the animal manure, for example. An appropriate aerobic environment suitable for the propagation and activation of aerobic microorganisms can be surely formed by allowing moderate air to be taken into the animal manure to be obtained. In addition, microorganisms (including both aerobic and anaerobic substances) that are effective in the decomposition process of animal manure are present in the manure processing substrate 18. Therefore, the decomposition process for animal feces can proceed promptly and reliably by these microorganisms, and as a result, the generation of malodor during the decomposition process of animal excrement can be suppressed extremely effectively.

  Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of the malodor in the fermentation process of the mixture 16 of the crushed wood 10 and the bark crushed material 12 and the aeration-treated pig manure during a manufacturing process can also be suppressed advantageously.

  Next, a specific procedure for decomposing chicken excreta, for example, of animal excreta using such an excrement treatment substrate 18 will be described.

  First, the manure processing substrate 18 and chicken manure are mixed. In mixing these, for example, a mixing device 20 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is advantageously used. The mixing device 20 includes a storage tank 22 as a storage unit that is arranged adjacent to the horizontal direction, and a storage unit 24 in which an electric motor (not shown) as a drive unit is stored. Yes.

  And the storage tank 22 has the half cylinder form which exhibits a longitudinal cross-section U-shape, and it extends in the horizontal direction, respectively, and it opens with respect to the upper direction and both sides of an axial direction, respectively. The two side walls 28 and 28 are integrally fixed so as to cover the openings on both sides in the axial direction, and can accommodate the manure processing substrate 18 and the chicken manure in predetermined amounts, respectively. It has a size and is configured. In addition, in such a storage tank 22, an insertion port 30 for introducing the manure processing base material 18 and chicken manure into the interior is formed at the opening of the trunk portion 26 that opens upward. On the other hand, an outlet 32 is provided at the bottom portion, which is substantially in the center in the length direction of the body portion, for taking out the contents accommodated therein. Further, the outlet 32 is covered with a cover body 34 so as to be opened and closed, and can be freely opened and closed by a sliding operation with respect to an opening / closing handle 36 provided in the storage portion 24.

  In addition, a rotating shaft 38 extending in the horizontal direction along the central axis is supported in such a storage tank 22 so as to be rotatable with respect to the two side wall portions 28 and 28 at both ends. It is installed. The rotary shaft 38 has one end projecting into the storage unit 24 and connected to an electric motor (not shown) stored in the storage unit 24, thereby accompanying the drive of the electric motor. And can be rotated.

  Further, in the rotary shaft 38, a plurality of first stirring blades 40 and a plurality of second stirring blades 42 are fixedly provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof. That is, the first stirring blade 40 and the second stirring blade 42 both have a rod-shaped support portion 44 and an elongated flat plate shape, and are positioned so as to extend along the support portion 44. The blade portion 46 is integrally fixed to the support portion 44 at one edge portion on one side in the width direction.

  Then, the plurality of first stirring blades 40 are positioned so that each blade portion 46 extends in the axial direction of the storage tank 22 in the storage tank 22, and the end of the rotating shaft 38 connected to the drive motor. From one end of the support portion 44 to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 38 in a state of being spirally arranged clockwise from the center toward the center portion. On the other hand, the plurality of second agitating blades 42 are positioned so that each blade portion 46 extends in the axial direction of the storage tank 22 in the storage tank 22, and the rotation shaft 38 is connected to the drive motor. In the state of being arranged in a spiral in the counterclockwise direction from the opposite end portion toward the center portion, one end portion of the support portion 44 is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 38. The plurality of first stirring blades 40 and the plurality of second stirring blades 42 all have the same phase difference in the circumferential direction of the rotation shaft 38 under the fixed state to the rotation shaft 38. In addition, the front end portion is positioned in the immediate vicinity of the inner surface of the trunk portion 26 of the storage tank 22.

  Further, in the storage tank 22, around the fixed portion of the plurality of first stirring blades 40 on the rotation shaft 38 toward the central portion in the axial direction at a position spaced in a direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 38. The first connecting body 48 spirally extending in the clockwise direction is arranged, and the first connecting body 48 reinforces the plurality of first stirring blades 40 connected to each other at the tip portions. Yes. On the other hand, at positions spaced apart in the direction perpendicular to the rotation shaft 38, around the fixed portions of the plurality of second agitating blades 42 on the rotation shaft 38, the periphery of the fixed portions is arranged on the axial center side. A second connecting body 50 extending in a spiral manner counterclockwise is disposed, and the plurality of second stirring blades 42 are connected to each other at the distal ends by the second connecting body 50 to be reinforced. ing. Further, each of the first connecting body 48 and the second connecting body 50 has a narrow belt-like shape, the surfaces on both sides in the thickness direction are opposed to the two side wall portions 28, 28 of the storage tank 22, and The outer end surface is installed so as to form a very small gap between the inner surface of the body portion 26.

  And when using the mixing apparatus 20 made into such a structure, for example, under the state where the outlet 32 is closed with the cover body 34, the chicken manure to be processed and the manure processing base The material 18 is charged into the storage tank 22 through the charging port 30 and stored. At this time, the amount of each of the poultry manure and the manure processing substrate 18 into the storage tank 22 is, for example, about three times that of the former.

  Thereafter, or before that, the plurality of first stirring blades 40 and the plurality of first stirring blades 40 and the plurality of first stirring blades 40 are driven by driving the electric motor stored in the storage unit 24 and rotating the rotation shaft 38 installed in the storage tank 22. The second agitating blade 42 is rotated, and the rotated agitating blades 40 and 42 agitate the chicken manure and the manure processing substrate 18 accommodated in the accommodating tank 22. Then, such a stirring operation is continuously performed, for example, for about 30 minutes, thereby obtaining a mixture in which the chicken manure and the manure processing substrate 18 are sufficiently mixed.

  During the stirring operation, the smell of chicken manure is adsorbed by the manure processing substrate 18, thereby advantageously suppressing the generation of malodor.

  Moreover, in the mixing apparatus 20 used here, the first stirring blade 40 and the second stirring blade 42 are mutually clockwise and counterclockwise from the both end portions of the rotating shaft 38 toward the center portion. Since they are arranged in a spiral shape in different directions, the chicken manure and the manure processing substrate 18 that are put into the storage tank 22 as the stirring blades 40 and 42 rotate as described above. While being stirred at 40, 42, it is moved toward the axially central portion of the storage tank 22.

  Therefore, in the mixing operation here, for example, all the stirring blades are spirally arranged in one of the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction from one side to the other side in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. A mixing apparatus having a structure in which the chicken manure and the manure processing substrate 18 are moved in the storage tank from one end side in the axial direction to the other end side in accordance with the rotational drive of Unlike the case where it is used, the chicken manure and manure processing substrate 18, and the mixture thereof, are pressed against the side wall 28 of the storage tank 22 to adhere to the inner surface of the side wall 28 in a hardened state. This is advantageously prevented.

  Moreover, in this mixing apparatus 20, the 1st and 2nd connection bodies 48 and 50 which exhibit a narrow strip | belt form form the two side wall parts 28 and 28 of the storage tank 22 on the surface of thickness direction both sides. The body part 26 of the storage tank 22 is rotated with the rotation of the rotation shaft 38 from the position where the outer end face is disposed at a position where a very small gap is formed between the inner surface of the body part 26. The inner surface of the chicken is scraped off by the first connecting body 48 and the second connecting body 50, and the chicken manure, the manure processing substrate 18, and further a mixture thereof are attached to the inner surface. Is also advantageously prevented. By these, mixing operation of chicken excrement and excrement disposal base material 18 can be performed more fully and smoothly.

  Next, the mixture of chicken manure and manure processing substrate 18 is taken out from the storage tank 22 of the mixing apparatus 20 to the outside through an outlet 32 provided at the bottom thereof. At this time, as described above, since the adhering of the mixture and the like to the inner surfaces of the trunk portion 26 and the side wall portion 28 of the storage tank 20 during the mixing operation is prevented, the total amount of the obtained mixture However, it can be easily taken out from the storage tank 22.

  Thereafter, the mixture of chicken excreta thus obtained and manure-treated substrate 18 is deposited and fermented. At this time, as described above, the resolution of the chicken manure by the manure processing substrate 18 is advantageously exerted, so that the fermentation of the chicken manure can proceed efficiently, and the malodor during the progress of such fermentation This can be suppressed very effectively by the excrement disposal substrate 18.

  Such fermentation of the mixture can be performed simply by stacking the mixture on the ground at a predetermined height, but preferably, the ground is placed at a predetermined area as shown in FIG. After covering with concrete and forming the water-impermeable base 52, the manure processing substrate 18 is laid on the surface of the base 52 to form the manure processing substrate layer 54 having an appropriate thickness. A mixture 56 of chicken manure and manure processing substrate 18 is piled up and piled up on the manure processing substrate layer 54 in a mountain shape or a bowl shape. Furthermore, the manure processing base material 18 is sprinkled on the surface of the mixture 54 deposited in a mountain shape or a bowl shape to form a cover layer 58 made of the manure processing base material 18. In such a state, it is desirable to leave it for several days for fermentation. Of course, during this fermentation, the mixture 56 may be turned over as necessary.

  Thus, if the mixture 56 is piled up on the water-impermeable base 52 made of concrete or the like, the moisture content in the mixture 56 is increased more than necessary due to the rise of moisture from the ground, and thereby the microorganisms It can be effectively prevented that the decomposition action of chicken manure is inhibited. Therefore, fermentation will proceed efficiently and quickly. The water-impermeable base 52 is not limited to a concrete one as long as it can prevent an increase in moisture from the ground. For example, the water-impermeable base 52 is easily formed with a vinyl sheet or the like. You can also

  Here, since the manure processing substrate layer 54 is interposed between the base 52 and the mixture 56 deposited thereon, the manure processing substrate layer 54 allows air to flow from the lower side of the mixture 56. In addition to being able to advantageously secure the heat, moderate heat retention is ensured, and the resolution of chicken manure by the manure processing substrate 18 constituting the manure processing substrate layer 54 is also advantageous from the lower side of the mixture 56. This allows the fermentation to proceed more efficiently. In addition, the thickness of the manure processing base material layer 54 formed between the base 52 and the deposited mixture 56 is preferably about 5 to 50 mm, more preferably about 10 to 30 mm. By using such a thickness, the air permeability and heat retention as described above, and further, the resolution of the manure processing substrate 18 itself can be advantageously exhibited without using the manure processing substrate 18 wastefully. Become.

  In addition, the height of the mixture 56 deposited on the base 52 and the manure processing substrate layer 54 is not particularly limited, but if it is too high, the inside of the mixture 56 is crushed by its own weight. It is difficult to form a gap for taking in air, and the internal fermentation may be insufficient. If it is too low, a large space is required to deposit the mixture 56. Therefore, the stacked height of the mixture 56 is preferably about 30 to 300 cm, for example. In addition, when there is a concern about air shortage inside the deposited mixture 56, it is desirable to perform turning. In addition, when stacking the mixture 56, for example, two partition walls that are arranged to face each other at a predetermined distance and extend in parallel with each other are formed, and the mixture 56 is put between the partition walls. , May be deposited. If it does so, the spread of the mixture 56 at the time of deposition will be prevented, and the space saving etc. which the space required for deposition of a mixture may be achieved advantageously.

  In this case, in particular, the cover layer 58 made of the excrement processing base material 18 is formed on the surface of the deposited mixing portion 56, so that the air permeability in the surface layer portion is sufficiently secured, thereby Steam generated by fermentation heat is effectively released to the outside without stagnation in the surface layer. For this reason, simply by depositing the mixture 56, the surface layer portion where the fermentation tends to be insufficient due to excessive moisture, specifically, the depth of 2 from the surface of the deposited mixing portion 56 is reduced. Fermentation up to about 3 cm can be sufficiently and rapidly advanced. As a result, unlike the conventional case, the entire mixture 56 can be fermented uniformly and uniformly without requiring a cumbersome operation of repeatedly performing the turning operation.

  In addition, since the cover layer 58 that exhibits such a transpiration effect is formed of the manure processing base material 18 that is excellent in odor adsorption, when the steam is allowed to pass through the cover layer 58, It can be effectively prevented that the mixed ammonia odor or the like is adsorbed and a bad odor is diffused together with the vapor.

  Furthermore, since high heat retention is exhibited by the cover layer 58, the internal temperature of the mixture 56 is quickly raised by fermentation heat, whereby microorganisms in the manure processing substrate 18 are efficiently activated, The progress of fermentation is effectively promoted. As a result, the number of days required from the start to the end of the fermentation of the mixture 56 can be advantageously shortened. And the acceleration | stimulation of the fermentation by the heat retention power of the cover layer 58 becomes especially remarkable in the winter where the outside air temperature is low. Note that, in the summertime when the outside air temperature is high, when the internal temperature of the mixture 56 is likely to be higher than necessary due to the heat retaining ability of the cover layer 58, the stacking height of the mixture is reduced or the turning operation is performed. Therefore, it is desirable to suppress the rise in the internal temperature as much as possible.

  Thus, by carrying out such a series of operations, chicken manure can be efficiently fermented and decomposed while the generation of malodor is effectively suppressed, and high-quality compost can be produced. Become. The manufactured compost can be used not only for field application as an organic fertilizer, a soil conditioner, etc., but can also be reused as a manure processing substrate 18.

  Further, before mixing the chicken manure and the manure processing substrate 18, the chicken manure is subjected to a pretreatment which is exposed to steam, heated and stirred, and then the pretreatment is performed. Alternatively, the temperature of the slaughtered chicken urine may be lowered before mixing with the sewage processing substrate 18. In this case, such pre-processing is advantageously realized by using the mixing device 80 shown in FIGS. In addition, in the mixing device 80, members and parts having the same structure as the members and parts used in the mixing device 20 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are used in the mixing device 20 in the drawing. Detailed description thereof will be omitted by attaching the same reference numerals as those used.

  In the mixing device 80, a rotating shaft 82 having a cylindrical shape is employed instead of the solid rotating shaft (38). Then, heated steam is sent into the rotary shaft 82 from a steam generator 86 separately provided outside the mixing device 80, and a plurality of the heated steams open to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 82. The injection holes 84 are injected into the storage tank 22. Thus, chicken manure is heated while being exposed to steam. In addition, you may make it heat chicken excrement by heating the storage tank 22 with a heater. In this case, the heating temperature is appropriately changed according to the kind of the heating target and the purpose of the treatment, but is preferably in the range of 100 ° C to 200 ° C.

  And in this state where the chicken manure is heated while being exposed to the steam, it is stirred by the plurality of first stirring blades 40 and the plurality of second stirring blades 42, so that the pretreatment is performed. It is like that. Such pretreatment is performed for 30 minutes to 120 minutes, preferably 60 minutes to 90 minutes. Thereafter, the injection of the heating steam is terminated, and the valve 90 provided on the pipe 88 to which the heating steam is sent is switched, so that the cooling air is supplied into the rotary shaft 82 from the cooling air fan 92 provided outside the mixing device 80. The cool air is sprayed into the storage tank 22 from the plurality of spray holes 84, and the feces and urine of the chicken that has reached a high temperature is cooled. At this time, the chicken manure is agitated so that the chicken manure can be cooled quickly and substantially uniformly.

  The valve 90 may be manually switched or may be an electromagnetic type. Moreover, the pipe 88, the rotating shaft 82, the storage tank 22, and the like are formed of a heat-resistant material (for example, steel). Furthermore, the cool air fan 92 is advantageously constituted by, for example, a device provided with a heat exchanger. Moreover, the steam generator 86 is advantageously comprised by what was equipped with the boiler, for example. Furthermore, the pressure at the time of injecting steam is set appropriately and is not particularly limited.

  The chicken manure after the pretreatment cooled as described above is mixed with the manure processing substrate 18 and subjected to a fermentation process. In this case, the time required for the fermentation treatment of chicken manure can be greatly reduced. Moreover, generation | occurrence | production of the off-flavor in the fermentation process of chicken manure can also be suppressed.

  The mixing of the cooled pre-treated chicken manure and the manure-treated substrate 18 does not take out the cooled pre-treated chicken manure from the mixing device 80, and uses the mixing device 80. Alternatively, it may be performed, or alternatively, the cooled pre-treated chicken manure may be taken out of the mixing device 80 and performed using the mixing device 20.

  In addition, the method for cooling the chicken manure after the pre-treatment is not limited to the above-described method, and for example, it may be performed by sending air at room temperature or by leaving it as it is. Also good.

  Next, a description will be given of a poultry house in which a manure processing system using the manure processing base material 18 having the excellent characteristics as described above is constructed.

  The poultry house in which this manure processing system is constructed has a floor 60 paved with concrete, as shown in FIG. 8, and this floor 60 is slightly in one direction (left direction in FIG. 8). It is made into the substantially plane inclined so that it may go down. A chicken gauge 62 is installed on the floor 60. The gauge 62 has a conventionally known structure in which a plurality of steel wires are combined, and a rectangular box-shaped chicken chamber 64 is connected to the front, rear, left and right, and a plurality of stages or as required. It was installed in multiple stages.

  And in each chicken private room 64 of such a gauge 62, the chicken 66 is each accommodated and raised. Moreover, these private rooms 64 for chickens are located above the floor 60 of the poultry house by a predetermined height, and the manure 68 of the chickens 66 accommodated in each private room 64 for chickens falls on the floor 60, It can be deposited.

  Here, on the floor 60 of the poultry house, the manure produced as described above is provided in a region (substantially substantially the entire surface in the present embodiment) including at least a portion located below the individual chicken chambers 64. The processing substrate 18 is laid in layers with a predetermined thickness (for example, 5 to 50 mm).

  In the poultry house having such a structure, the manure 68 deposited on the floor 60 is scraped together with the manure processing substrate 18 spread on the floor 60 every several days or weeks and provided in another place. In a fermentation space (not shown), a fermentation process is performed by stacking in a mountain shape or a bowl shape having a height of several tens to several hundreds cm, for example, a height of about 30 to 300 cm. In addition, in the fermentation process of the manure 68 of the chicken 66 and the manure processing substrate 18 collected from the floor 60 of the poultry house, a specific procedure for the decomposition process of the chicken manure using the manure processing substrate 18 as described above It is desirable to proceed according to

  Further, in the poultry house of this embodiment, the leg portions 70 of the gauge 62 are composed of pillars standing at predetermined intervals, and the chicken excrement 68 can be easily passed through the gaps between the plurality of leg portions 70. Can be collected. Further, a groove 72 is provided in front of the poultry house floor 60 in the inclined direction, and the feces and urine 68 can be collected more easily through the groove 72.

  Thus, in the poultry house having such a structure, since the manure processing base material 18 is spread on the floor 60 under the gauge 62 in which the chicken 66 is accommodated, the chicken 66 deposited on the floor 60 is stored. The smell of the excreta 68 can be effectively adsorbed by the excrement disposal substrate 18. As a result, the malodor in the poultry house, which has been difficult to breathe in the past, can be surprisingly improved. Further, the manure processing base material 18 spread on the floor 60 and the manure 68 deposited thereon are collected together and subjected to a fermentation process, thereby suppressing the generation of bad odor and effectively producing high-quality compost. Can be efficiently manufactured.

  Furthermore, it is possible to reduce the amount of manure 68 by fermenting manure 68 using manure processing substrate 18. Further, in the excrement processing substrate 18 used for the fermentation process of the excrement 68 as described above, microorganisms useful for the fermentation process are propagated by the progress of the fermentation process for the excrement 68, and the useful microorganisms are also propagated. Since it tends to be further activated by the nutrients of the manure 68, it can be used as a regenerated manure treatment base material that exhibits a further excellent treatment effect. Then, such a reproduction manure processing base material advances the fermentation process with respect to the manure 68, or the fermentation process with respect to the manure 68 advances in the state where there are a large amount of the wood fragments 10 and the bark fragments 12 in advance. At that time, by adding the crushed wood 10 and the crushed bark 12, the amount can be increased.

  Next, a system for processing manure from free-range livestock using the manure processing substrate 18 having the above-described excellent characteristics will be described.

  In this manure processing system, as shown in FIG. 11, the manure processing substrate 18 manufactured as described above has a predetermined thickness (for example, 5 to 50 mm) on a site where livestock are kept free of charge. It is spread in layers. And the manure 96 of the livestock 94 falls on the manure processing base material 18 spread | laid in this way.

  In this case, the excrement 96 and the excrement disposal substrate 18 are mixed by the livestock 94 walking on the site. Also, the mixture thus produced is cut back. Therefore, the fermentation process of the excreta 96 can be advanced by the action of the livestock 94.

  In addition, in the manure processing substrate 18 used for the fermentation process of the manure 96 in this manner, microorganisms useful for the fermentation process are propagated by the progress of the fermentation process for the manure 96, and the useful microorganisms are Since it tends to be further activated by the nutrients of the manure 96, it can be used as a regenerated manure processing base material that exhibits a more excellent effect. Then, such a reproduction manure processing base material thinks about the fermentation process with respect to the manure 96 by advancing the fermentation process with respect to the manure 96 in the state in which there are a large amount of the wood fragments 10 and the bark fragments 12 in advance. At that time, by adding the crushed wood 10 and the crushed bark 12, the amount can be increased.

  First, as wood, a predetermined amount of wood mixed with bark peeled bark and vertebrate lumber scraps and cedar raw wood bark peeled was prepared. Further, as bark, a predetermined amount of a mixture of cedar bark obtained by peeling off cedar raw wood and birch bark obtained by peeling off raw birch wood was prepared. Note that the ratio of sawwood and timber sawdust and cedar raw wood included in the prepared wood is 1: 1, and the ratio of cedar bark and birch bark included in the prepared bark is 8 : 2.

  Next, using the Komatsu BR200S, the wood and bark prepared as described above were simultaneously crushed in an amount of 7: 3 to obtain a first intermediate crushed material. Thereafter, using a known magnetic separator, after removing iron-based foreign matter from the first intermediate crushed material, the first intermediate crushed material is crushed again using the Komatsu Zeno Hanmark Crusher CR370M, Two intermediate crushed materials were obtained. Subsequently, after removing iron-based foreign matter from the second intermediate crushed material using a known magnetic separator, the second intermediate crushed material is further removed using a breakman TPC-800 type manufactured by Ishida Engineering Co., Ltd. Crushing was performed. In this way, the prepared wood and bark were divided into three stages and simultaneously subjected to crushing treatment, thereby obtaining a woody piece containing a mixture of crushed wood and bark crushed material.

  Subsequently, the wood pieces thus obtained were sieved with a mesh having a width of 5 mm. Thus, a predetermined amount of wood strips including those having values in the range of width dimension: 3 mm, length dimension: 10 to 40 mm, and slenderness ratio: about 3.3 to 13.3 were produced.

  Subsequently, the produced wooden strips, separately prepared rice bran, swine manure previously aerated, and substantially fermented swine manure were mixed using a Kyozen Shoji Co., Ltd. Kyozen mixer. Mixing for minutes gave a mixture.

  The mixing ratio of each material at this time was 100 liters for aerated manure and 30 liters of rice bran for 1 cubic meter of wood chips. Moreover, as a rice bran, what was generally marketed was used. Furthermore, for the aeration-treated pig manure, the manure collected from the pig house is used as the first aeration tank made of concrete, the second and third aeration tanks of the moat, and the fourth as the adjustment pond of the moat. The aeration tanks were used in the order of aeration tanks to discharge from the first aeration tank to the fourth aeration tank while performing aeration treatment in each aeration tank, and aged in the fourth aeration tank. Furthermore, as the substantially fermented pig feces, the one that was collected from the pig house and naturally fermented, and was fermented by about 80% was used.

  Next, the mixture obtained as described above was piled up indoors at a height of 2.5 m and fermented at room temperature for 30 days. At that time, the door at the entrance was opened, ventilated, and shielded from light so that it was dim. Moreover, the mixture was turned over on the 15th day from the start of fermentation. Thereby, the predetermined amount of the target excrement processing base material which has the structure according to this invention was produced. It was confirmed that no bad odor was generated during the fermentation process.

  And, in order to confirm the effect obtained when the animal manure is fermented and decomposed using the manure processing substrate according to the present invention, first, 300 liters of the manure processing substrate prepared as described above is used. Then, 100 liters of chicken manure collected from the poultry house was mixed for 30 minutes using a Kyozen Shoji Co., Ltd. Kyozen mixer to obtain a mixture. Thereafter, this mixture was deposited in an outdoor compost at a height of 40 cm in a bowl shape and left in that state to perform a fermentation treatment on the mixture.

  Separately, using 300 liters of sawdust generated in the sawmill instead of the manure processing base material, this and 100 liters of chicken manure are combined with Kyozen Shoji Co., Ltd. Using a mixer, mixing was performed for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture. Thereafter, the mixture was fermented in the same manner as described above.

  Then, the presence or absence of malodor during the fermentation treatment of the mixture of manure treatment substrate and chicken manure and the presence or absence of malodor during the fermentation treatment of the mixture of sawdust and chicken manure were examined by a sensitivity test. As a result, in the former fermentation treatment, a bad odor was hardly felt, whereas in the latter fermentation treatment, a noticeable bad odor was felt. From this result, it can be clearly recognized that by using the manure processing substrate according to the present invention, the generation of malodor during fermentation and decomposition treatment of chicken manure can be effectively prevented.

  Next, in order to confirm the effect obtained by forming a cover layer with the excrement processing base material according to this invention, when animal excrement is accumulated and fermented, the following tests were done.

  That is, first, 300 liters of manure processing base material prepared as described above and 100 liters of chicken manure collected from a poultry house were used using a Kyozen Shoji Co., Ltd. Kyozen mixer. For 30 minutes to obtain a mixture. Thereafter, this mixture was deposited in an outdoor compost at a height of 40 cm in a bowl shape and left in that state to perform a fermentation treatment on the mixture. And in order to investigate the progress state from the start to the end of this fermentation treatment, the internal temperature of the deposited mixture was measured every day at 8 am and 4 pm. The results are shown in Table 1 below. In addition, in this Table 1 and Table 2 mentioned later, outside temperature shows the temperature in the composting place at 4 pm. In addition, the accumulation in the compost site was performed at 4 pm the day before the first day in Table 1. Furthermore, the internal temperature of the mixture was a temperature measured with a thermometer inserted from the surface of the deposited mixture to a depth of about 20 cm.

  Separately, 300 liters of manure processing substrate obtained as described above and 100 liters of chicken manure collected from a poultry house were combined with a Kyozen Shoji Co., Ltd. Kyozen Shoji mixer. Used to mix for 30 minutes to obtain a mixture, which was then deposited in a bowl at a height of 40 cm on an outdoor compost. Next, on the surface of the deposited mixture, a manure treatment substrate different from the one mixed with chicken manure is sprinkled in layers, and a cover layer having a thickness of about 1 to 3 cm made of the manure treatment substrate is formed. Formed. And it left to stand in that state, and the mixture was fermented. In the fermentation treatment of such a mixture, the internal temperature of the deposited mixture was measured every day at 8 am and 4 pm in order to examine the progress of the fermentation treatment from the start to the end. In addition, the accumulation in the composting place was performed at 4 pm the day before the day which is regarded as the first day in Table 2. Furthermore, the internal temperature of the mixture was measured under the same conditions as in Test 1.

  As is clear from the results of Tables 1 and 2, when the fermentation process is performed by simply depositing a mixture of the manure processing substrate and the chicken manure, the internal temperature of the mixture is the highest on the fifth day from the start of the fermentation. The temperature reached 60 ° C., reached the peak of fermentation, and on the 5th day from that day, the internal temperature of the mixture dropped to a temperature of 20 ° C. at which it was judged that the fermentation was almost completed, It can be seen that it takes 10 days from the start to the end. On the other hand, when a fermentation treatment is performed in a state where a mixture of a manure treatment substrate and chicken manure is deposited and a cover layer made of a manure treatment substrate is formed on the surface of the deposit, On the third day, the internal temperature of the mixture reached the maximum temperature of 66 ° C. and reached the peak of fermentation, and on the fifth day from that day, the internal temperature of the mixture was judged to be about the end of the fermentation. It can be seen that the temperature has dropped to 24 ° C., and it took only 8 days from the start to the end of the fermentation. These results clearly show that the fermentation process can be performed quickly and efficiently by forming a cover layer made of the manure processing substrate on the surface of the mixture of the manure processing substrate and the chicken manure. .

  It was also confirmed that when manure was fermented using a manure processing substrate, 70% or more of the manure was decomposed and disappeared as water (water vapor) or the like. In particular, it was confirmed that about 80% of chicken manure was not decomposed.

  Moreover, the same experiment was performed also about what the elongate ratio was set to 2-20 only for at least one of the crushed wood material and the crushed bark material. And it confirmed that the same effect as the case where the slenderness ratio was set to 2-20 was acquired in both the crushed wood material and the resin crushed material.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention and some examples were shown, this invention is not limited at all by these specific description.

  For example, in the above embodiment and the above examples, an example of decomposing chicken manure using a manure processing base material has been shown. However, the manure processing base material according to the present invention includes cows, pigs, horses, etc. The present invention is advantageously used for decomposing human animal manure, pet feces such as dogs and cats, and human animal manure. Furthermore, the manure processing substrate according to the present invention is also advantageously used in the decomposition processing of animal manure in the livestock industry.

  In addition to directly laying the substrate obtained in accordance with the present invention, for example, in a poultry house, it is also possible to use a supernatant obtained by mixing the substrate with an appropriate amount of water, for example. Such a supernatant can be used, for example, as a spray for deodorization, specifically for a pet toilet or the like, and such a supernatant can be used as a septic tank or toilet for human waste. It is also possible to use it suitably.

  In addition, although not enumerated one by one, the present invention can be carried out in a mode to which various changes, modifications, improvements, etc. are added based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. It goes without saying that any one of the embodiments is included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a flowchart which shows an example of the manufacturing process of the excrement processing base material according to this invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the crushed wood obtained by the timber crushing process in the manufacturing process of the excrement processing base material according to this invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the bark crushed material obtained at the bark crushing process in the manufacturing process of the excrement processing base material according to this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which accumulated the mixture in the mixture fermentation process in the manufacturing process of the excrement processing base material according to this invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front explanatory view including a partially cutaway view showing an example of a mixing device used for mixing animal manure and a manure processing substrate in a method for treating animal manure as a reference technique related to the present invention. It is VI-VI cross-section explanatory drawing in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which accumulated the mixture of animal manure and manure processing base material in the processing method of animal manure as a reference technique relevant to this invention. It is a conceptual explanatory view showing an example of a poultry house having a manure processing system as a reference technique related to the present invention. It is front explanatory drawing including a partially cutaway figure which shows an example of the mixing apparatus used when processing animal excrement in advance in the processing method of animal excrement as a reference technique relevant to this invention. FIG. 10 is an XX cross-sectional explanatory diagram in FIG. 9. It is a conceptual explanatory view showing a free range livestock excreta treatment system as a reference technique related to the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wood crushed material 12 Bark crushed material 14 Manure 16 Mixture 18 Manure processing base material 20 Mixing device 52 Base 54 Manure processing base material layer 58 Cover layer 60 Floor 62 gauge

Claims (9)

In the excrement processing base material comprised including the wood chip,
A wood crushed material obtained by crushing wood and a bark crushed material obtained by crushing bark, wherein at least one of them has a slender shape with a slenderness ratio of 2-20. While constituting a piece, in addition to the woody piece, it contains aerated pig and / or cow manure,
Feces and urine characterized in that the total volume of the crushed wood and / or the bark crushed material having an elongated ratio of 2 to 20 is not less than 1/3 of the total volume of the wood strip. Processing substrate.   The excrement processing base material according to claim 1 in which said bark crushed material contains what crushed the bark of a coniferous tree.   The excrement processing base material according to claim 1 or 2 in which said bark crushed material contains what crushed bark of a broad-leaved tree.   The excrement processing base material given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1 thru / or 3 in which the volume of said bark crushed material is made into 1/3 or more of the whole volume of said wood strip.   The excrement processing base material given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1 thru / or 4 containing porcine feces and / or cow excrement of fermentation state or almost fermentation state.   The excrement processing base material given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1 thru / or 5 which further contain indigenous bacteria.   The excrement processing base material given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1 thru / or 6 which further contains rice bran.   The excrement processing base material given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1 thru / or 7 in which said woody fine piece contains what fermented crushed raw wood obtained by crushing raw wood. A method for producing a manure treatment substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A crushing process of crushing wood to obtain a crushed wood,
A bark crushing step of crushing the bark to obtain a crushed bark,
A slenderness ratio adjusting step for adjusting a slenderness ratio of the crushed wood and / or the crushed bark,
An aeration process for aeration of swine and / or cattle manure;
Mixing swine and / or cattle manure obtained by the aeration treatment step and wood fragments comprising the crushed wood and / or bark crushed material whose slenderness ratio has been adjusted by the slenderness ratio adjusting step A mixing step to
A mixture fermentation step of fermenting the mixture obtained by the mixing step;
The manufacturing method of the excrement processing base material characterized by including this.

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