JP2008106302A - Method for plating trivalent chromium on needles and needles - Google Patents
Method for plating trivalent chromium on needles and needles Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針などの針類の母材の表面粗さを小さくしてし3価クロムメッキを施し、人体・環境への影響を軽減し、耐久性を有する針とするための針類への3価クロムメッキ方法及び針類に関する。 The present invention reduces the surface roughness of the base material of needles such as knitted needles, felt needles, or sewing needles and applies trivalent chrome plating to reduce the influence on the human body and the environment, and has durability. The present invention relates to a method for plating trivalent chromium on needles for use as a needle and needles.
従来、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針には6価クロムメッキが施されているが、近年、6価クロムは人体に対し有害であり、環境汚染の原因物質であるため、6価クロムの代替品による表面処理が望まれており、代替品として3価クロムメッキによる被膜が検討されている。しかし、3価クロムメッキは、通常装飾用のメッキとして利用されるものであり、その膜厚は0.5μm程度の薄い被膜しか被着させることができず、針類のメッキとしての利用に耐えられるものではなかった。また、周知のように、これらの針類では、縫製や編製のため、生地や糸又は繊維と接触・摩擦を繰り返し、半年や1年も連続して使用される場合があり、針類の耐久性やその他の品質の不変性が求められており、針類のメッキとして3価クロムメッキを使用するには解決しなければならない問題があった。 Conventionally, knitted needles, felt needles, or sewing needles have been plated with hexavalent chromium. However, in recent years, hexavalent chromium is harmful to the human body and is a cause of environmental pollution. Surface treatment with an alternative is desired, and coating with trivalent chrome plating is being studied as an alternative. However, trivalent chromium plating is usually used as decorative plating, and can only be applied to thin films with a thickness of about 0.5 μm, and it can withstand use as needle plating. It wasn't something that could be done. In addition, as is well known, these needles may be used continuously for half a year or a year for sewing and knitting, and may be used continuously for half a year or one year. Therefore, there is a problem that must be solved in order to use trivalent chrome plating as needle plating.
従来、鍛鋼やクロム鋼に6価クロムメッキを施した冷間圧延ロールを用いて冷間圧延する圧延方法があり、この圧延方法では、圧延材とロールとの摩擦熱が300℃程度まで上昇すると、6価クロムメッキの硬度が低下し、耐摩耗性が減少するといった欠点があった。このような欠点を解消すべく、冷間圧延ロールに3価クロムメッキを施した冷間圧延方法がある。この3価クロムメッキでは、耐摩耗性を向上させるために3価クロム中にSiC、ZrB2 、Si3 N4 、Al2 O3 、Cr3 C2 、B4 C、BN及びダイヤモンド等の硬質粒子を分散させた複合メッキ法によって、冷間圧延ロール表面の耐摩耗性を解決している(例えば、特許文献1参照)。 Conventionally, there is a rolling method in which cold rolling is performed using a cold rolling roll in which forged steel or chromium steel is subjected to hexavalent chromium plating. In this rolling method, when the frictional heat between the rolled material and the roll rises to about 300 ° C. , The hardness of hexavalent chrome plating is lowered, and the wear resistance is reduced. In order to eliminate such drawbacks, there is a cold rolling method in which trivalent chromium plating is applied to a cold rolling roll. In this trivalent chromium plating, hard materials such as SiC, ZrB 2 , Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , Cr 3 C 2 , B 4 C, BN and diamond are included in the trivalent chromium in order to improve wear resistance. The wear resistance on the surface of the cold rolling roll is solved by a composite plating method in which particles are dispersed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
特許文献1では、3価クロムによるメッキマトリックスからSiC、ZrB2 、Si3 N4 、Al2 O3 、Cr3 C2 、B4 C、BN及びダイヤモンド等の硬質粒子を突出させ、圧延材料表面とメッキマトリックス面との間に空隙を形成するようにし、この空隙に潤滑油が溜まることにより、潤滑効果を高めて3価クロムメッキの摩耗量を抑制している。硬質粒子がメッキマトリックスから突出した複合メッキで耐摩耗性を向上させているが、針類のメッキにおいて、このような硬質粒子がメッキ表面から突出していると、生地や繊維に損傷を与えることになり、好ましい方法ではなく、また高価なものとなり、針類のメッキに応用できないことは明らかである。 In Patent Document 1, hard particles such as SiC, ZrB 2 , Si 3 N 4 , Al 2 O 3 , Cr 3 C 2 , B 4 C, BN and diamond are projected from a plating matrix made of trivalent chromium, and the surface of the rolled material A gap is formed between the surface and the plating matrix surface, and lubricating oil accumulates in the gap, thereby enhancing the lubrication effect and suppressing the wear amount of the trivalent chromium plating. The composite plating in which hard particles protrude from the plating matrix improves wear resistance. However, in the plating of needles, if such hard particles protrude from the plating surface, the fabric and fibers may be damaged. Obviously, this is not a preferred method, is expensive, and cannot be applied to needle plating.
本発明は、上述のような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、人体・環境への影響がなく、長期間にわたって生地・糸・繊維との接触・摩耗に耐えられる耐摩耗性を有し、かつ安価に製造できる針類への3価クロムメッキ方法及び3価クロムメッキを施した針類を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, has no influence on the human body and the environment, and has wear resistance capable of withstanding contact and abrasion with fabrics, yarns and fibers over a long period of time. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for plating trivalent chromium on needles that can be manufactured at low cost and needles subjected to trivalent chromium plating.
本発明は、上記課題を達成したものであり、請求項1の発明は、針類への3価クロムメッキ方法において、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の母材の表面粗さを小さくして3価クロムをメッキすることを特徴とする針類への3価クロムメッキ方法である。 The present invention achieves the above-mentioned problems, and the invention according to claim 1 reduces the surface roughness of a base material such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing needle in a trivalent chromium plating method for needles. Then, a trivalent chromium plating method for needles characterized by plating trivalent chromium.
また、請求項2の発明は、前記母材の表面粗さRaが、0.015〜0.28μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法である。 The invention according to claim 2 is the method for plating trivalent chromium on needles according to claim 1, wherein the base material has a surface roughness Ra of 0.015 to 0.28 μm. .
また、請求項3の発明は、前記母材の表面を、表面粗さを小さくするためにダイヤモンドパウダーやサンドペーパー#600より細かい粒子で羽布研磨したことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法である。 Further, the invention of claim 3 is characterized in that the surface of the base material is feather-polished with particles finer than diamond powder or sandpaper # 600 in order to reduce the surface roughness. This is a trivalent chromium plating method for needles.
また、請求項4の発明は、前記3価クロムメッキの膜厚が1〜5μm、好ましくは2〜4μmであることを特徴とする請求項1,2又は3に記載の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法である。 The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the film thickness of the trivalent chromium plating is 1 to 5 μm, preferably 2 to 4 μm, and the trivalent to needles according to claim 1, 2 or 3 Chrome plating method.
また、請求項5の発明は、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の針類の母材表面が、請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の3価クロムメッキ方法により3価クロムメッキしたものであることを特徴とする針類である。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the surface of a base material of needles such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing needle is trivalent chromium plated by the trivalent chromium plating method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects. It is a needle characterized by being plated.
請求項1の発明では、針類への3価クロムメッキ方法において、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の母材の表面粗さを小さくして3価クロムをメッキすることを特徴とする針類への3価クロムメッキ方法であるので、表面粗さを小さくした針母材に3価クロムメッキを被着させることにより、針母材表面に3価クロムメッキの膜厚が1μmから5μm程度まで被着することが可能となる。そのため長期間にわたる生地・糸または繊維との接触摩擦に耐え得る耐摩耗性を備える。しかもそのメッキ肌は平滑なものであり、生地や繊維に損傷を与えることがない針類とすることができる利点がある。さらに、3価クロムを使用することによって、人体や環境への負荷を軽減することができる。なお、表面粗さを小さくしとは、母材表面を鏡面近傍に近づけることを意味する。 The invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that in the method of plating trivalent chromium on needles, the surface roughness of a base material such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing needle is reduced, and trivalent chromium is plated. Since this is a trivalent chrome plating method for needles, the film thickness of the trivalent chrome plating is 1 μm to 5 μm on the surface of the needle base material by attaching the trivalent chrome plating to the needle base material having a reduced surface roughness. It becomes possible to deposit to the extent. Therefore, it has abrasion resistance that can withstand contact friction with fabrics, yarns or fibers over a long period of time. In addition, the plated skin is smooth, and there is an advantage that needles that do not damage the fabric and fibers can be obtained. Furthermore, by using trivalent chromium, the load on the human body and the environment can be reduced. Note that reducing the surface roughness means bringing the surface of the base material close to a mirror surface.
また、請求項2の発明では、前記母材の表面粗さRaが、0.015〜0.28μmであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法であるので、3価クロムメッキを厚く被着することができ、耐摩耗性を備えた針類とすることができる。なお、表面粗さRaが、0.35μmでは3μm以上の膜厚の3価クロムメッキの被膜を形成するのに時間を要し、生産性が悪い。また、表面粗さRaが0.35μm以上ではメッキの表面肌が荒れてしまい、縫製や編成時に、生地や糸、繊維に毛羽立ち等の損傷を与えるおそれがある。最も実用的な母材の表面粗さRaは、0.015〜0.28μmである。なお、表面粗さRaが0.015μmとは、母材表面が鏡面ではないが、限りなく鏡面に近い値を示し、母材表面をこれ以上鏡面に近づけることはコスト的に困難である。 In the invention of claim 2, the surface roughness Ra of the base material is 0.015 to 0.28 [mu] m, and the trivalent chromium plating method for needles according to claim 1 Therefore, the trivalent chrome plating can be thickly applied, and needles having wear resistance can be obtained. When the surface roughness Ra is 0.35 μm, it takes time to form a trivalent chromium plating film having a thickness of 3 μm or more, and the productivity is poor. On the other hand, if the surface roughness Ra is 0.35 μm or more, the surface skin of the plating becomes rough, and there is a risk of damage such as fluffing on the fabric, thread, or fiber during sewing or knitting. The surface roughness Ra of the most practical base material is 0.015 to 0.28 μm. The surface roughness Ra of 0.015 μm indicates that the surface of the base material is not a mirror surface, but shows a value close to the mirror surface as much as possible, and it is difficult in terms of cost to bring the surface of the base material closer to the mirror surface.
また、請求項3の発明では、前記母材の表面を、表面粗さを小さくするためにダイヤモンドパウダーやサンドペーパー#600より細かい粒子で羽布研磨したことを特徴とする請求項2に記載の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法であるので、母材の表面粗さRaを、0.015〜0.28μmにし、3価クロムメッキを厚く施し、耐摩耗性を備えた針類とすることができる利点がある。 Further, in the invention of claim 3, the surface of the base material is feather-polished with particles finer than diamond powder or sandpaper # 600 in order to reduce the surface roughness. Since it is a trivalent chrome plating method for needles, the surface roughness Ra of the base material is 0.015 to 0.28 μm, and the trivalent chrome plating is thickly applied to provide needles with wear resistance. There is an advantage that can be.
また、請求項4の発明では、前記3価クロムメッキの膜厚が1〜5μm、好ましくは2〜4μmであることを特徴とする請求項1,2又は3に記載の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法であるので、針母材の表面粗さが小さく、3価クロムメッキの膜厚を厚くすることが可能であり、耐摩耗性を備えた針類とすることができる利点があり、膜厚が5μmより厚いと、針類によっては針穴が狭まり形状的な問題が発生するが、膜厚が5μm以下であれば問題はない。 Further, in the invention of claim 4, the film thickness of the trivalent chrome plating is 1 to 5 μm, preferably 2 to 4 μm. Since it is a chrome plating method, the surface roughness of the needle base material is small, the film thickness of the trivalent chrome plating can be increased, and there is an advantage that the needles with wear resistance can be obtained. If the film thickness is thicker than 5 μm, the needle hole may be narrowed depending on the needles, causing a shape problem, but if the film thickness is 5 μm or less, there is no problem.
また、請求項5の発明では、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の針類の母材表面が、請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の3価クロムメッキ方法により3価クロムメッキしたものであることを特徴とする針類であるので、耐摩耗性を備えた針類とすることができるし、3価クロムを使用することによって、人体や環境への負荷を軽減することができる利点がある。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the surface of the base material of needles such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing needle is trivalent chromium plated by the trivalent chromium plating method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects. Since the needles are characterized by being plated, they can be made into wear-resistant needles, and the load on the human body and the environment can be reduced by using trivalent chromium. There is an advantage that can be.
以下、本発明の針類への3価クロムメッキ方法及び針類の実施の形態について説明する。本実施形態は、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の縫製や編成に利用される針類への3価クロムメッキ方法及びその針類に関し、針母材への3価クロムメッキ方法は、ダイヤモンドパウダーやサンドペーパー#600よりも細かい粒子のものを用いて、針類の母材の表面粗さRaを、0.015〜0.28μmとなるように羽布研磨等をして表面粗さを小さくする。針母材を研磨した後、表面粗さを小さくした母材表面に電解法により3価クロムメッキを施して針類を製造する。3価クロムメッキの膜厚は1〜5μm、好ましくは2〜4μmとする。なお、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の針類の図は周知であるので省略する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the trivalent chromium plating method and needles of the needles of the present invention will be described. The present embodiment relates to a trivalent chrome plating method for needles used for sewing and knitting such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing needle, and the needles. Using diamond powder or finer particles than sandpaper # 600, the surface roughness Ra of the needle base material is polished to a surface roughness Ra of 0.015 to 0.28 μm, etc. Make it smaller. After the needle base material is polished, trivalent chromium plating is applied to the surface of the base material having a reduced surface roughness by an electrolytic method to produce needles. The film thickness of the trivalent chromium plating is 1 to 5 μm, preferably 2 to 4 μm. Note that illustrations of needles such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing machine needle are well known and will be omitted.
本実施形態では、3価クロムメッキを針母材に電解法により被膜形成するが、この電解法による電流密度は3.34A/dm2 である。図1は、3価クロムメッキにおけるメッキ時間対3価クロムメッキの膜厚の関係を特性曲線(イ),(ロ)で示しており、同図の横軸がメッキ時間(分)を示し、縦軸が3価クロムメッキの膜厚(μm)を示している。図1中の(イ)がRa=0.07μmの場合のメッキ特性曲線であり、(ロ)がRa=0.35μmの場合のメッキ特性曲線を示している。この3価クロムメッキの電解法では、針母材の表面粗さRaが、0.07μmと0.35μmの母材表面に図1に示すメッキ特性曲線(イ),(ロ)で3価クロムメッキを行うことができる。 In the present embodiment, although the film formed by electrolytic method trivalent chromium plating to the needle base material, the current density by the electrolytic method is 3.34A / dm 2. FIG. 1 shows the relationship between the plating time in trivalent chrome plating and the film thickness of trivalent chrome plating as characteristic curves (A) and (B). The horizontal axis of the figure shows the plating time (minutes). The vertical axis represents the film thickness (μm) of trivalent chrome plating. 1A is a plating characteristic curve when Ra = 0.07 μm, and FIG. 1B is a plating characteristic curve when Ra = 0.35 μm. In this electrolytic method of trivalent chromium plating, the surface roughness Ra of the needle base material is 0.07 μm and 0.35 μm on the surface of the base material, and the plating characteristic curves (A) and (B) shown in FIG. Plating can be performed.
針類のメッキの膜厚は5μmを超えると、針類によっては針穴が小さくなって、針穴に糸を通すのが困難になり、形状的な問題が発生するので好ましくなく、メッキの膜厚は5μm以下とする必要があり、かつ長時間の使用に耐え得るためには1μm以上であることが要求される。信頼性を考慮すると、メッキの膜厚は、2〜4μmが好ましい。なお、針類によっては膜厚が5μm以下まで許容されるので、実用的範囲としては、3価クロムメッキの膜厚は1〜5μmとする。 If the film thickness of the needle plating exceeds 5 μm, the needle hole may be small depending on the needle, making it difficult to pass the thread through the needle hole, which causes a problem in shape, which is not preferable. The thickness needs to be 5 μm or less, and is required to be 1 μm or more in order to withstand long-time use. In consideration of reliability, the thickness of the plating is preferably 2 to 4 μm. Note that, depending on the needles, the film thickness is allowed to be 5 μm or less. Therefore, as a practical range, the film thickness of the trivalent chromium plating is 1 to 5 μm.
一方、同図から明らかなように、膜厚が3μmの3価クロムメッキ被膜を針類に施したとき、母材の表面粗さがRa=0.07μmではメッキ時間が35分で被膜することができたのに対し、母材の表面粗さがRa=0.35μmでは60分程度のメッキ時間を要した。表面粗さがRa=0.07μmでは、メッキ時間がRa=0.35μmのときの半分の時間で所定膜厚(3μm)の3価クロムメッキを被着することができる。母材の表面粗さRaが0.07μmの場合、3価クロムメッキの被着における生産性が良好であることを示している。 On the other hand, as is clear from the figure, when a trivalent chromium plating film having a film thickness of 3 μm is applied to needles, the coating takes 35 minutes when the surface roughness of the base material is Ra = 0.07 μm. In contrast, when the surface roughness of the base material was Ra = 0.35 μm, a plating time of about 60 minutes was required. When the surface roughness is Ra = 0.07 μm, trivalent chromium plating with a predetermined film thickness (3 μm) can be applied in half the time when the plating time Ra = 0.35 μm. When the surface roughness Ra of the base material is 0.07 μm, it indicates that the productivity in applying trivalent chromium plating is good.
次に、針母材の凹凸を明確にすべく母材表面を斜め上方から撮影した図2(a),(b)を参照して説明する。図2(a)は母材の表面粗さがRa=0.07μmのときの3価クロムメッキの表面を示す図であり、図2(b)は母材の表面粗さがRa=0.35μmのときの3価クロムメッキの表面を示す図である。図2(a)では、3価クロムメッキの表面が滑らかであり、概ね鏡面状であるのに対し、図2(b)では素材表面肌の凹凸によりメッキ後の表面も荒れていることが判る。針の表面肌が、図2(b)のような荒れた状態では、縫製や編成時に、生地や糸、繊維に損傷を与え、地糸切れや糸切れ、生地繊維の毛羽立ちなどのトラブルを引き起こすおそれがあり、しかも、メッキの膜厚成長速度も遅く、針類のメッキ方法として不適切である。また、母材表面粗さRaを0.015より小さくなるようにすることは難しく、できたとしても加工時間、加工材料などのコストが高騰することもあり実用的ではない。このような観点から3価クロムメッキを針母材にメッキする場合、メッキ後の表面肌、メッキ時間及び加工コストを考慮して最も実用的な範囲とし、母材表面粗さRaを0.015〜0.28μmとすることに至ったものである。 Next, a description will be given with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B in which the surface of the base material is photographed obliquely from above in order to clarify the unevenness of the needle base material. 2A is a view showing the surface of the trivalent chromium plating when the surface roughness of the base material is Ra = 0.07 μm, and FIG. 2B is a view showing the surface roughness of the base material Ra = 0. It is a figure which shows the surface of trivalent chromium plating at the time of 35 micrometers. In FIG. 2 (a), the surface of the trivalent chromium plating is smooth and generally mirror-like, whereas in FIG. 2 (b), the surface after plating is rough due to the unevenness of the material surface skin. . When the surface skin of the needle is rough as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the fabric, thread, and fiber are damaged during sewing and knitting, causing troubles such as ground thread breakage, thread breakage, and fabric fiber fluffing. In addition, there is a fear that the film thickness growth rate of plating is slow, which is inappropriate as a method for plating needles. In addition, it is difficult to make the base material surface roughness Ra smaller than 0.015, and even if possible, the cost of processing time, processing material, etc. may increase, which is not practical. From this point of view, when trivalent chrome plating is plated on a needle base material, the surface roughness after plating, plating time and processing cost are considered to be the most practical range, and the base material surface roughness Ra is 0.015. It came to be set to -0.28 micrometer.
本発明の活用例としては、メリヤス針やフェルト針、あるいはミシン針等の針母材に3価クロムメッキを施す針類の製造に利用することができ、人体或いは環境への負荷を軽減することができる針類を提供できる。 As an application example of the present invention, it can be used for manufacturing needles in which trivalent chromium plating is applied to a needle base material such as a knitted needle, a felt needle, or a sewing needle, thereby reducing the load on the human body or the environment. Can provide needles.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3438330A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-06 | Groz-Beckert KG | Textile machine component and method for producing a textile tool |
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JPH0734061Y2 (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1995-08-02 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Winding end needle |
JPH0813199A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-16 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | Chromium plating method |
JPH0995793A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-08 | Shigeo Hoshino | Tervalent chromium plating bath depositing chromium plating having thermally hardening property |
JP2002206189A (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-26 | Nippon Platec Co Ltd | Method of chromium plating for ferrous base metal |
JP2002263390A (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-17 | Brother Ind Ltd | Sewing machine needle and its manufacturing method |
JP2002285375A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Chunichi Craft Kk | Trivalent chromium plating bath |
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JPH0734061Y2 (en) * | 1989-02-14 | 1995-08-02 | 宇部興産株式会社 | Winding end needle |
JPH0813199A (en) * | 1994-06-27 | 1996-01-16 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | Chromium plating method |
JPH0995793A (en) * | 1995-09-29 | 1997-04-08 | Shigeo Hoshino | Tervalent chromium plating bath depositing chromium plating having thermally hardening property |
JP2002206189A (en) * | 2000-12-28 | 2002-07-26 | Nippon Platec Co Ltd | Method of chromium plating for ferrous base metal |
JP2002263390A (en) * | 2001-03-13 | 2002-09-17 | Brother Ind Ltd | Sewing machine needle and its manufacturing method |
JP2002285375A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-03 | Chunichi Craft Kk | Trivalent chromium plating bath |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP3438330A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-06 | Groz-Beckert KG | Textile machine component and method for producing a textile tool |
WO2019025203A1 (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2019-02-07 | Groz-Beckert Kommanditgesellschaft | Textile machine tool part and method for producing a textile tool |
CN111201340A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2020-05-26 | 格罗兹-贝克特公司 | Textile machine tool component and method for producing a textile tool |
TWI780189B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2022-10-11 | 德商葛羅斯貝克公司 | Textile machine tool part, method of using the same and method for producing a textile tool part |
CN111201340B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2024-03-01 | 格罗兹-贝克特公司 | Textile machine tool component and method for producing a textile tool |
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