JP2008071560A - Lighting system, liquid crystal device, and electronic apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lighting system capable of surely and easily providing a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions while reducing influence on other characteristics such as a luminance level or uniformity of luminance due to the light emission angle characteristic; and to provide a liquid crystal device using it. <P>SOLUTION: This lighting system 10 is characterized in that a plurality of light sources 12 are flatly arranged, and installed in an attitude emitting light in a direction crossing the arrangement surface of the light sources to compose a planar light source; and each of the light sources has a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions crossing the arrangement surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device, a liquid crystal device, and an electronic apparatus, and more particularly to a structure of a lighting device that can obtain illumination light having directivity in a plurality of directions.

  Generally, as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, a light source such as an LED or a cold cathode tube is disposed opposite to an end surface of a light guide plate, and light emitted from the light source propagates through the inside of the light guide plate from a surface perpendicular to the end surface. A side light type (edge light type) illumination device used as a planar light source configured to emit light gradually is known. In the illuminating device having such a configuration, the illumination light emitted from the illuminating device is in the normal direction of the light emitting surface of the light guide plate so that the highest luminance is obtained in the direction facing the screen of the liquid crystal display device. Or what has the light emission angle distribution which has the peak of a single light intensity in the vicinity is normal.

  However, if the setting is made so that the highest luminance is obtained in the normal direction of the screen of the liquid crystal display device, a problem arises. Therefore, unlike the light emission angle distribution described above, the light emission having light intensity peaks in a plurality of directions. An angular distribution may be required. For example, in the case where an in-vehicle display device installed in the center of the width direction of the vehicle is configured by the liquid crystal display device, the driver and the passenger seat or the person in the rear seat view the screen from different directions. Therefore, in order to ensure sufficient visibility in these different directions, a characteristic having light intensity peaks in a plurality of directions, that is, a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions is required. Also, according to such a light emission angle characteristic, it is possible to form different screen displays when viewed from different directions on one display screen.

As described above, the light emission angle distribution having directivity in a plurality of directions is configured by overlapping a plurality of sets of light sources and light guide plates, and different directivities in the emission directions of each set of light guide plates. The thing comprised so that it might have property was known (for example, refer the following patent document 1). In addition, a prism sheet having a triangular cross-sectional prism structure is inserted in front of the illuminating device in a posture in which the prism structure faces the illuminating device side, and an emission angle distribution of illumination light emitted from the illuminating device by the prism sheet is calculated. An apparatus that modulates the distribution as described above is also known (for example, see Patent Document 2 below).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-273438 JP 2000-164016 A

  However, in the illumination device that forms illumination light having directivity in a plurality of directions as described above, the brightness of the display screen is insufficient because the maximum luminance is lower than that of an illumination device having a luminance peak on a normal front surface. May occur. This is inevitably caused in order to divide the illumination light having a single luminance peak into two luminance peaks. In particular, as in recent years, an increase in the size of the display screen, an increase in the definition of the display, etc. In an evolving situation, the lack of display brightness is even more serious. For example, in general, when the display is to be made high definition, the transmittance of the liquid crystal cell is lowered, so that the required level for the luminance of the lighting device increases. Also, in the case of a liquid crystal cell (dual view liquid crystal: registered trademark) that can display two screens at the same time for each viewing direction, a parallax barrier layer is formed to separate the two screens according to the viewing direction. It is assumed that the transmittance is further lowered and sufficient display brightness cannot be obtained.

  In addition, in the above conventional illumination device, the light exit angle characteristic of illumination light having directivity in a plurality of directions is obtained by using a light refraction action by a prism sheet or a wedge-shaped light guide plate. There is a problem that it is difficult to set the angle characteristics in detail, for example, setting the peak angle and the half width of the peak in the light emission angle distribution, and obtaining a desired light emission angle characteristic according to the situation.

  Furthermore, in the above conventional lighting device, the above-described light emission angle characteristics are obtained by the refraction action of the prism sheet or the light guide plate, so that the uniformity of the luminance distribution of the illumination light is likely to be affected, and the luminance unevenness and directivity. There is a problem that it is extremely difficult to achieve both.

  Therefore, the present invention solves the above-described problems, and the problem is directed to a plurality of directions while reducing the influence of the light emission angle characteristics on other characteristics such as the luminance level or luminance uniformity. The present invention is to realize an illumination device that can reliably and easily obtain a light emission angle characteristic having a property, and a liquid crystal device using the same.

  In view of such a situation, the illumination device of the present invention forms a planar light source in which a plurality of light sources are arranged in a plane and installed in a posture to emit light in a direction intersecting with the arrangement surface of the light sources. In addition, each of the light sources has a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions intersecting the array plane. According to the present invention, each of the plurality of light sources arranged in a plane constituting the planar light source has a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions. Since the emission angle characteristics are combined, the light emission angle characteristics of the entire illumination device can be set reliably and easily. In addition, the light emission angle characteristic can reduce the influence on other characteristics of the lighting device, for example, the luminance level and luminance uniformity.

  Examples of the light source include an LED element and an organic EL light emitting element. However, the light source is not limited to this, and is preferably a point light source, but is not limited thereto.

  Here, in the present invention, it is only necessary that the light emission angle characteristics of the plurality of light sources have directivity in a plurality of directions, respectively, and the light emission angle characteristics need not be equal to each other. Since they have the same light emission angle characteristics, the light emission angle characteristics of the entire illumination device can be set more reliably as reflecting the light emission angle characteristics of the individual light sources. In particular, it is desirable that the plurality of light sources are arranged so that each of the plurality of directivities that the respective light sources have are in the same direction.

  The light emission angle characteristic is preferably a characteristic in which the light emission angle distribution along a predetermined azimuth axis has two peaks on both sides in the normal direction of the arrangement surface. According to this, since strong illumination can be performed in the emission direction corresponding to the two peaks on both sides of the normal direction of the arrangement surface, it is possible to cope with in-vehicle display devices and the like.

  Furthermore, the light source preferably includes a light emitting element and a directional lens disposed on the light emitting side of the light emitting element for forming the light emitting angle characteristic. By forming a directional lens on the light emission side of a light emitting element such as an LED element or an organic EL element, the light emission angle characteristic of the light source can be easily set.

  In this case, in the directional lens, the cross-sectional contour shape along a direction orthogonal to a predetermined azimuth axis is a convex curve shape, and the cross-sectional contour shape maintains the shape range corresponding to the convex curve shape. It is preferable to have an optical surface having a convex surface portion traced by moving along a predetermined azimuth axis and end surface portions formed at both ends thereof. According to this, in the light emission angle distribution along the azimuth axis, it is possible to easily form characteristics having peaks on both sides in the normal direction of the virtual plane.

  The light source preferably includes a light emitting element and a directional light reflecting surface arranged on the light emitting side of the light emitting element for forming the light emitting angle characteristic. In this case, since the light emission angle characteristic can be realized by the surface shape of the light reflecting surface, the light emission angle characteristic can be realized more easily.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to further include a light diffusing plate disposed on the light emitting side of the light source. By using a light diffusing plate, the light emitted from a plurality of light sources can be dispersed and made uniform.

  In the present invention, each of the plurality of light sources has a light emission surface and a bottom surface provided on the opposite side of the light emission surface, and is mounted with the bottom surface facing the substrate extending along the array surface. It is preferable that According to this, since a plurality of light sources can be easily mounted on a single substrate, and the bottom surface opposite to the light emitting surface is directed to the substrate, the light emitting element is disposed on the bottom surface side. Thus, heat dissipation through the substrate is facilitated, and the heat dissipation of the light source can be improved. In addition, since the light source can be easily thinned, the lighting device can be thinned.

  In this case, the substrate preferably has a base made of a metal material. According to this, since the thermal conductivity of the substrate can be increased by the metal base, the heat dissipation can be further improved.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that a light reflecting layer is formed in a region between the plurality of light sources. According to this, since the light reflection layer is formed in the region between the light sources, the light can be used efficiently, so that the luminance can be increased.

  Next, in the liquid crystal device of the present invention, a plurality of light sources are arranged in a plane, and are installed in a posture for emitting light to one side of the arrangement surface of the light sources to form a planar light source. Each having a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions on the one side, a liquid crystal cell on the light emission side of the planar light source, and a sub-pixel adjacent to each other disposed on the liquid crystal cell. And a parallax barrier in which a slit is located correspondingly between the two.

  In addition, an electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the above-described liquid crystal device. As the electronic apparatus of the present invention, an in-vehicle display device, a display device capable of simultaneously viewing different display contents from different directions on a common display screen, and the like are desirable.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the illuminating device of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a light emitting portion (a substrate and a light source mounted thereon) of the illuminating device.

  The lighting device 10 of the present embodiment includes a mounting board 11 and a plurality of light sources 12 mounted on the mounting board 11. The mounting substrate 11 includes a base body 11A and a surface layer portion 11B. The base body 11A is made of a metal material such as aluminum and has a structure in which heat dissipation is enhanced by its thermal conductivity. In addition, a wiring pattern and an insulating layer are formed on the surface layer portion 11B, and a mounting wiring board having electrodes for the light source 12 is configured.

  In the illustrated example, each of the plurality of light sources 12 is configured by an LED (light emitting diode) light source. Although the light source 12 may be a linear light source or a planar light source, the LED light source in the illustrated example substantially acts as a point light source. The plurality of light sources 12 are arranged in a plane on the mounting substrate 11, and all emit light above the arrangement surface (substrate surface) (on the opposite side of the substrate 12, that is, in the direction intersecting with the arrangement surface). It is supposed to be a posture to do. In the illustrated example, the light sources 12 are arranged in a matrix in the vertical and horizontal directions. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated example, and can be arranged in an appropriate arrangement pattern such as a delta type arrangement.

  A light diffusion plate 13 is disposed above the plurality of light sources 12. This light diffusing plate 13 is for dispersing the light emitted from the plurality of light sources 12 and enhancing the uniformity of the luminance of the planar light source. Examples of the light diffusing plate 13 include a material in which fine particles made of a material having a different refractive index or a light-reflective material are dispersed in a transparent layer, and a material in which fine irregularities are formed on the surface of the transparent layer. However, in the present invention, the light diffusing plate 13 is not an essential element, and the light diffusing plate 13 may be omitted depending on the relationship between the arrangement mode (array density) of the light sources 12 and the required level of luminance uniformity.

  3A is a schematic perspective view of the light source 12, FIG. 3B is a diagram viewed in the Y direction, and FIG. 3C is a diagram viewed in the X direction. The light source 12 of the present embodiment includes a light emitting element 12A and a directional lens 12B disposed on the light emitting side. As shown in FIG. 3, the light emitting element 12A is a rectangular parallelepiped surface-mounted element (LED package), and a support substrate 12s is formed on the bottom surface 12b side opposite to the light emission side, and on the inner surface of the support substrate 12s. A light emitting unit 12c made of an LED chip or the like is mounted (a so-called top view type light emitting element). The light emitting element 12A emits white light. The light emitting element 12c is a blue light emitting LED chip, and the periphery of the light emitting element 12c is filled with a resin mixed with a phosphor. Further, the periphery is covered with a package material made of white resin or the like.

  The light source 12 has a bottom surface 12b opposite to the directional lens 12B that emits light as a mounting surface, and is mounted with the bottom surface 12b facing the mounting substrate 11. In such a top-view type light source 12, the light emitting unit 12c, which is a heat generating unit, is mounted on the support substrate 12s, and the bottom surface 12b on the support substrate 12s side is in close contact with the mounting substrate 11, and thus the light emitting unit 12c. Since the heat released from the heat is immediately transmitted to the mounting substrate 11 through the support substrate 12s, the structure has a high heat dissipation property. Further, with this type of light source 12, the thickness in the light emitting direction can be reduced by the above structure, so that it is easy to make the illumination device 10 thinner.

  The directional lens 12B is made of a transparent resin such as acrylic resin or polycarbonate resin, and the light emission surface is made of the surface of the directional lens 12B. The surface of the directional lens 12B is the X direction when the X direction and the Y direction shown in the figure orthogonal to each other are set along the surface of the mounting substrate 11 (the arrangement surface of the light source 12, or a flat surface in the illustrated example). The cross-sectional contour shape along the orthogonal Y direction is a convex curve shape, and the cross-sectional contour shape is traced by moving along the X direction while maintaining the shape range corresponding to the convex curve shape. It has a convex surface portion 12a and end surface portions 12d formed at both ends thereof.

  The example shown in FIG. 3 is an example having the above-described surface shape, and has a semi-cylindrical shape in which the cross-sectional shape along the Y direction is configured in a semicircular shape, and the cross-sectional shape is moved as it is in the X direction. Therefore, the optical surface of the directional lens 12B is constituted by a cylindrical convex surface portion 12a and flat and vertical end surfaces 12d provided at both ends thereof. By forming the directional lens 12B having such an optical surface, the light source 12 has the light emission angle characteristic shown in FIG. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the light emission angle distribution along the X and Y directions. In this example, the light emission angle distribution along the X direction has characteristics having peaks on both sides of the normal direction (exit angle 0 degree) of the arrangement surface (the surface of the mounting substrate 11), that is, a plurality of crossing the arrangement surface. The light emission angle characteristic having directivity in the direction of is shown. On the other hand, the light emission angle distribution along the Y direction shows a characteristic having a single peak in the vicinity of the normal direction (output angle 0 degree) similar to that of a normal light emitting device.

  In the light emission angle characteristics having luminance peaks on both sides in the normal direction, the center angle of the peak is preferably within a range of ± 20 to 50 degrees from the viewpoint setting of the display device. Further, the half width of the peak is preferably in the range of 10 to 90 degrees, particularly in the range of 25 to 80 degrees, in consideration of the balance between the brightness and the visual field range.

  FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C show a perspective view of a light source 12 ′ having a directional lens 12B ′ having a different shape, a view seen in the Y direction, and a view seen in the X direction. . In this example, the central portion of the directional lens 12B ′ has a convex surface portion 12a ′ having the same shape as the directional lens 12B, but end surfaces 12d ′ and 12d ′ provided at both ends of the X direction are inclined upward and inward, respectively. It differs from the light source 12 in that it has an inclined surface. In this case, the angular position of the center of the two peaks and the half-value width of these peaks differ according to the inclination angle of the end face 12d '.

  6 (a), 6 (b) and 6 (c) are a perspective view of a light source 12 ″ having a directional lens 12B ″ having a different shape, a view seen in the Y direction, and a view seen in the X direction. Show. In this example, the convex surface portion 12a ″ and the end surface portion 12d ″ are provided, and the cross-sectional contour shape along the Y direction of the directional lens 12B ″ is a convex curve shape as described above. The surface shape of the convex surface portion 12a ″ is different from the above in that it is configured in a triangular shape with rounded vertices. Even in this case, the light emission angle distribution along the X azimuth has a light emission angle characteristic with two peaks, but the angular position of the peak center and the half-value width of the peak are different from the above two examples. Further, the light emission angle characteristic along the Y direction has a single peak similar to the above two examples, but this also has a peak shape different from the above two examples.

  In the present embodiment, the light sources 12 are planarly arranged on the substrate 11 to form a planar light source, and each of the light sources 12 has a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions. Thus, the light emission angle characteristic having directivity in a plurality of directions as the planar light source can be obtained accurately and easily. Further, it is possible to reduce the influence on the luminance level and luminance distribution when obtaining the light emission angle characteristics. That is, the luminance level can be set to a desired level by the arrangement density of the light sources 12, and the luminance distribution can be appropriately set according to the arrangement mode of the light sources 12, the presence or absence of the light diffusion plate 13, or the light diffusion characteristics thereof. Because it is possible to reduce the influence between the light emission angle characteristics of the lighting device and the luminance level or distribution, the design of the lighting device can be designed such that both required characteristics can be designed independently. Can be easily performed.

  Further, by using the light source 12 including the light emitting element 12A and the directional lens 12B, the directional lens 12B can be formed in an appropriate shape, thereby further facilitating the light emission angle characteristics of the illumination device 10 as a whole. Obtainable. In particular, in this embodiment, since the plurality of light sources 12 all have the same directional lens 12B and have the same light emission angle characteristics, the light emission angle characteristics of the individual light sources 12 are almost as they are. Since it corresponds to the entire light emission angle characteristic, it is very easy to design optical characteristics.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing the structure of another light source 22 that can be used in place of the light sources 12, 12 ′, 12 ″ of the above embodiment. This light source 22 is located above the light-reflecting substrate 22s. A light emitting element 22c connected to a pair of electrodes 22e is disposed, and a transparent material 22t is filled between the light emitting element 22c and the light reflective base material 22s. Is composed of a transparent electrode.

  In the light source 22, a light reflecting surface 22r composed of a light reflecting base material 22s is formed on the light emitting side (downward in the drawing) of the light emitting element 22c, and the light reflected by the light reflecting surface 22r is transparent material 22t. Through the top of the figure. Similar to the above embodiment, the light reflecting surface 22r has a surface shape (directional reflecting surface) designed in advance so as to form a light emission angle distribution having peaks on both sides in the normal direction.

  FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of another illumination device 30 that can be used instead of the above embodiment. In this example, although it is the same as that of the said embodiment in the point comprised by the mounting substrate 31, the some light source 32, and the light diffusing plate 33, it is light to the area | region between the light sources 32 on the surface of the mounting substrate 31. The difference is that a reflective layer 31C is provided. The light reflection layer 31C is a light reflection sheet (for example, a sheet having a hole corresponding to the light source 12) configured separately from the mounting substrate 31 (which can be configured by the base body 31A and the surface layer portion 31B as described above). ) Etc. may be arranged on the mounting substrate 31, but may be formed integrally with the substrate 31 as a printed layer on the surface of the substrate 31. The light reflecting layer 31C can be composed of a white paint, a white resin, a metal film, or the like.

[Liquid Crystal Cell]
FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal cell 50 that can be used in each of the above embodiments. In the liquid crystal cell 50, transparent substrates 51 and 52 made of glass, plastic, or the like are bonded together with a sealing material 53, and a liquid crystal 54 is sealed between the substrates. Electrodes 51a and 52a are formed on the inner surfaces of the transparent substrates 51 and 52, respectively, and a planar area where these electrodes 51a and 52a face each other is a pixel area. On one substrate (transparent substrate 52 in the illustrated example), a color filter 52c having a colored layer formed in accordance with the pixel region is provided. In addition, alignment films 51d and 52d are formed on the surfaces of the transparent substrates 51 and 52 in contact with the liquid crystal 54. Further, polarizing plates 55 and 56 are disposed (attached) on the outer surfaces of the transparent substrates 51 and 52 of the liquid crystal cell 50.

  The transparent substrate 51 is provided with a substrate extending portion 51T extending outward from a region facing the transparent substrate 52, and an electronic component 57 such as an integrated circuit chip is mounted on the substrate extending portion 51T as necessary. The The electronic component 57 is, for example, an IC in which a liquid crystal driving circuit is configured. Further, an end portion 61 of a wiring substrate 60 made of a flexible wiring substrate (FPC) or the like is mounted on the substrate extension portion 51T. The wiring board 60 is for supplying a driving potential, signal data, and the like to the liquid crystal cell 50.

  The liquid crystal cell 50 is disposed so as to overlap the light emitting side of the illumination device 10, and the display area AD defined by the above configuration is planarly disposed within an illumination range as a planar light source of the illumination device 10. Is set as follows. The illuminating device 10 and the liquid crystal cell 50 thus configured constitute a liquid crystal device 100 shown in FIG.

[Electronics]
Finally, an embodiment of an electronic apparatus equipped with the liquid crystal device will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view showing the appearance of an example of an electronic apparatus according to the present invention. The electronic apparatus 1000 in the illustrated example is an in-vehicle car navigation system, and includes a main body 1010 and a display unit 1020 connected to the main body 1010. The main body 1010 is provided with an operation surface 1011 provided with operation buttons and the like, and an inlet 1012 for a recording medium such as a DVD. The liquid crystal device 100 is stored inside the display unit 1020, and the display by the liquid crystal device 100, that is, the display of the navigation image can be visually recognized on the display screen 1020a of the display unit 1020.

  In the electronic apparatus 1000, the liquid crystal device 100 described above is mounted, whereby display light emitted from the display screen can have directivity in a plurality of directions. For example, when arranged in the center of the vehicle, the driver and other passengers (for example, a person sitting in the front passenger seat) can view the display screen 1020a simultaneously from different directions (left and right directions). However, by designing the light emission angle characteristics of the illumination device so as to have directivity in each of the different directions, a bright display can be seen from any direction. .

  Note that the illumination device, the liquid crystal device, and the electronic apparatus of the present invention are not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, the above-described lighting device is not limited to the one mounted on the liquid crystal device as described above, and may be used as a single lighting fixture, or may be integrated with various other devices other than the liquid crystal device. It may be used for.

The schematic sectional drawing which shows embodiment of the illuminating device which concerns on this invention. The schematic perspective view which shows the board | substrate and light source of the embodiment. The schematic perspective view (a) of the light source of the embodiment, the figure (b) seen in the Y direction, and the figure (c) seen in the X direction. The graph which shows the light emission angle distribution along the X direction and Y direction of the light source of the embodiment. The schematic perspective view (a) of the light source of a different shape, the figure (b) seen in the Y direction, and the figure (c) seen in the X direction. Furthermore, the schematic perspective view (a) of the light source of a different shape, the figure (b) seen in the Y direction, and the figure (c) seen in the X direction. The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the light source of another embodiment. The schematic sectional drawing of different embodiment. The schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows schematic structure of a liquid crystal cell. The schematic perspective view of an electronic device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Illuminating device, 11 ... Board | substrate, 11A ... Base | substrate, 11B ... Surface layer part, 12 ... Light source, 12A ... Light emitting element, 12B ... Directional lens, 22r ... Light reflection surface, 22t ... Transparent material, 13 ... Light diffusing plate, 31C ... Light reflecting layer 50 ... Liquid crystal cell, 100 ... Liquid crystal device, 1000 ... Electronic equipment

Claims (13)

  A plurality of light sources are arranged in a plane and are arranged in a posture to emit light in a direction intersecting with the arrangement surface of the light sources to form a planar light source, and a plurality of the light sources each intersect with the arrangement surface A lighting device characterized by having a light emission angle characteristic having directivity in the direction of.   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of light sources have the same light emission angle characteristics.   The lighting device according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of light sources are arranged such that each of the plurality of directivities of the plurality of light sources is in the same direction.   The light emission angle characteristic is a characteristic in which an emission angle distribution of light along a predetermined azimuth axis has two peaks on both sides in a normal direction of the arrangement surface. Lighting equipment.   The light source includes a light emitting element and a directional lens disposed on the light emitting side of the light emitting element for forming the light emitting angle characteristic. The lighting device according to any one of the above.   In the directional lens, a cross-sectional contour shape along a direction orthogonal to a predetermined azimuth axis is a convex curve shape, and the predetermined azimuth axis is maintained while maintaining a shape range in which the cross-sectional contour shape corresponds to the convex curve shape. The illumination device according to claim 5, further comprising: an optical surface having a convex surface portion traced by moving along and end surface portions formed at both ends thereof.   The light source includes a light emitting element and a directional light reflecting surface disposed on the light emitting side of the light emitting element for forming the light emitting angle characteristic. The illuminating device as described in any one of thru | or 4.   The illuminating device according to claim 1, further comprising a light diffusing plate disposed on the light emitting side of the light source.   The plurality of light sources have a light emitting surface and a bottom surface provided on the opposite side of the light emitting surface, and are mounted on a substrate extending along the arrangement surface with the bottom surface facing. The illumination device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein   The lighting device according to claim 9, wherein the substrate has a base made of a metal material.   The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein a light reflection layer is formed in a region between the plurality of light sources.   A plurality of light sources are arranged in a plane and installed in a posture to emit light to one side of the arrangement surface of the light sources to form a planar light source, and the light sources are respectively in a plurality of directions on the one side It has a light emission angle characteristic with directivity, and is arranged on the light emission side of the planar light source so as to overlap with the liquid crystal cell, and a slit is located between the adjacent sub-pixels. And a parallax barrier that is disposed.   An electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal device according to claim 12.

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