JP2007333086A - Clutch device, and stand and optical device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clutch device used in a stand for loading a heavy object such as an optical apparatus capable of achieving quick motion by separating a clutch not needing excess operation, and preventing rotation in the unexpected direction caused by the operation of a separating member. <P>SOLUTION: A long hole 34c is formed at a second clutch plate 34, a pin 33d of a first clutch plate 33 is freely fitted therein to transmit a driving force, and the head 34d1 of a screw 34d of the second clutch plate 34 can be fitted to a hole 33e of the first clutch plate 33 when the pin 33d is located at one end of a long hole 34c. Accordingly, the head 34d1 of the screw 34d is fitted to the hole 33e when a gear 32 is rotated in the expected R1 direction, and thus the first clutch plate 33 is displaced in the second clutch plate 34 direction and separated from the gear 32, and when the direction is opposite to R1, the head 34d1 is brought into contact with an end face 33c, and the first clutch plate 33 cannot be separated from the gear 32. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In particular, the present invention relates to a stand that is preferably used for mounting a heavy optical device, an optical device that is a combination thereof, and a clutch device that is preferably used for the stand.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a conventional technique that allows the mount on which the load is mounted to be lifted manually by canceling the weight of the load on the load with a biasing force such as a spring. Proposed. Patent Document 1 is a stand for a medical instrument, but by embedding a gas spring, in which gas is injected into an internal space defined by a cylinder and a piston, in a support column, much of the weight of an object to be loaded is described above. There has been proposed a stand that is canceled by the biasing force of the gas spring and facilitates the lifting operation of the mounted object. In the stand, the gas spring is locked / released by operating a lever, so that the gas spring can be displaced to an arbitrary height and fixed at the height.

  On the other hand, a conventional stand 2 for mounting and supporting an optical apparatus 1 such as a three-dimensional measuring device is configured as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, for example. The stand 2 is generally provided on the pedestal 5, a pedestal 3 installed on the floor surface, a support column 4 extending from the pedestal 3, a pedestal 5 supported by the support column 4 so as to be movable up and down. The platform 6 is provided with another platform 7 extending from the platform 3 and a platform 8 fixed to the upper end of the platform 7. A quick shoe 9 is attached to the bottom surface of the optical device 1 with a screw 10, and the optical device 1 is attached to the pan head 6 with a single touch by fitting the quick shoe 9 into the groove 6a of the pan head 6. It has become. The measurement results of the optical device 1 are collected and displayed by a personal computer or the like mounted on the gantry 8.

  The base 3 is connected to a pair of leg portions 3a and 3b that are appropriately opened so as not to fall with respect to the weight of the support column 4 and the optical apparatus 1 and the like. 4 is attached to the back surface of the base 3c and the leg portions 3a and 3b, and is provided with a caster 3d that can slide on the floor and can be fixed by operating a brake (not shown). .

  The support column 4 has guide surfaces on both front and back surfaces on which guide rollers (not shown) in the gantry 5 slide, and supports the gantry 5 so as to be movable up and down. Moreover, this support | pillar 4 exhibits the urging | biasing force of smaller than it, for example, 18 kg with respect to 20 kg which combined the weight of 15 kg of the optical apparatus 1 and the weight 5 of the mount frame 5 and the pan head 6 in the inside, for example. For example, a pulley is provided at the upper end of the column 4, and the frame 5 is attached to one end of a wire wound around the pulley, and the other end is a base end portion of the column 4 via the spring. Or the other end of the wire is wound around a pulley, and the pulley is biased in the direction of winding the wire by the spring, so that the mount 5 is biased upward, and the optical device is 1 can be manually moved up and down with a small force.

  The gantry 5 includes a base body 5a that slides and displaces on the column 4, an arm 5b that extends forward from the base body 5a and mounts the pan head 6 at a free end, and an upper end of the pan head 6 from the base body 5a. A pair of left and right support rods 5c, 5d that extend toward the side, allow forward tilting (tilt) and left / right swinging (panning) of the pan head 6, and hold the posture of the pan head 6 in each displaced state; The balance weights 5e and 5f are attached to the support rods 5c and 5d and offset a part of the weight of the optical device 1 when the pan head 6 is tilted forward.

  The pan / tilt head 6 is configured such that the base end 6b attached to the gantry 5 is angularly displaceable around a vertical axis so that the left / right swing (pan) is realized, and the upper end 6c side to which the optical device 1 is attached is The forward tilt (tilt) is realized by being angularly displaceable about the left and right axis.

  In the stand 2 configured as described above, the up-and-down displacement of the gantry 5 can be performed by releasing the brake lever 5g provided on the base body 5a of the gantry 5 as described above. The user can easily displace to any lift position suitable for measurement, and the position can be fixed by locking the brake lever 5g after the displacement.

On the other hand, when the brake lever 5g is released while the optical device 1 is detached from the gantry 5, the gantry 5 jumps up to the upper end of the column 4 by the urging force of the spring. For this reason, a pin hole 4a is formed at an appropriate position of the column 4, and the stopper pin 4b is fitted into the pin hole 4a, whereby the upper end of the base body 5a is pressed and the jumping up is prevented.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-258066

  In the above-described prior art, if the operation of the stopper pin 4b is forgotten, the cradle 5 jumps up undesirably if the brake lever 5g is released while the optical device 1 is detached from the cradle 5 as described above. There is. In addition, the stopper pin 4b must be operated, and there is a problem that the operation is complicated. In the case of Patent Document 1 as well, if the release lever operation is performed while the medical injector head is detached, the same problem of jumping may occur.

  On the other hand, when the gantry is moved up and down by the handle, the self-locking action by the worm of the handle does not cause the spring to spring up due to the urging force of the spring, but there is a problem that it cannot move quickly. That is, the urging force of the spring that cancels the load of the optical device 1 or the like cannot be utilized (when the worm is rotated by the handle, the reduction ratio is large, and even if the spring is not provided, the heavy optical device It is possible to lift 1).

  An object of the present invention is to realize a quick movement by disengaging the clutch, and to prevent a rotation in an undesired direction without requiring an extra operation, and a stand and an optical device using the clutch device Is to provide.

  The clutch device of the present invention has a shaft that is one end of input or output of driving force, a gear that is rotatable around the shaft, and a gear that is the other end of input or output of driving force, and rotates around the shaft. It is freely movable on the shaft in the axial direction, and the driving force is transmitted / cut off by contacting / separating one end surface with the one end surface of the gear, and the first engagement protrusion One of the first engagement recesses that are engaged with each other is formed, and the second engagement projection that is lower than the first engagement projection and the second engagement recess in which the first engagement recess fits are formed. A first clutch plate formed on one side, a bias spring that resiliently urges the first clutch plate in the gear direction to contact the gear, and is fixed to the shaft; The other end of the first engagement protrusion and the first engagement recess is formed on one end surface on the other end surface side of the clutch plate. And the other one of the second engagement protrusion and the second engagement recess is formed, and the first clutch plate is formed by the engagement between the first engagement protrusion and the first engagement recess. A second clutch plate that rotates in conjunction with the first clutch plate, and a separation member that can separate the first clutch plate in the direction of the second clutch plate against the resilient force of the bias spring, At the time of transmission of the driving force in which the rotation of the gear is in one direction, the second engagement protrusion is inserted into the second engagement recess, and the second clutch plate of the first clutch plate by the separation member When the driving force is transmitted such that the displacement in the direction is allowed and the rotation of the gear is in the other direction, the second engagement protrusion is caused to move by the elastic force of the bias spring against the first clutch plate. Detach from the recess and ride on the end face of the first or second clutch plate, Displacement and to the second clutch plate direction of the by member first clutch plate is characterized in that it is blocked.

  According to the above configuration, the gear serving as the other end of the input or output of the driving force is provided on the shaft serving as one end of the input or output of the driving force, and is rotatable around the axis. A first clutch plate that can move in the axial direction on the shaft is provided. Usually, the first clutch plate is energized by the elastic force of a bias spring, and its one end surface is driven by contacting the gear. In the clutch device in which the force is transmitted and the disconnecting member disengages the first clutch plate from the gear against the elastic force of the bias spring so that the transmission of the driving force is cut off. A second clutch plate fixed to the shaft is provided opposite to the clutch plate, and the second clutch plate and the first clutch plate are formed on one side of the end surfaces facing each other. Is formed on the other side The first engagement recess rotates together with the first engagement recess, while the second clutch plate and the first clutch plate are opposite to each other on one side of the mutually opposing end surfaces. A second engagement protrusion lower than the joint protrusion is formed, and a second engagement recess into which the second engagement protrusion is fitted is formed on the other side.

  Therefore, when transmitting the driving force in which the rotation of the gear is in one direction, the second engagement protrusion can be inserted into the second engagement recess, and the first clutch plate of the first clutch plate by the separating member can be inserted. 2 in the direction of the clutch plate, that is, cutting of the drive transmission system is allowed, and when the driving force is transmitted in the other direction of rotation of the gear, the elastic force of the bias spring against the first clutch plate causes the first The two engagement protrusions disengage from the second engagement recess and ride on the end face of the first or second clutch plate, toward the second clutch plate of the first clutch plate by the separating member. Can be prevented, i.e., the drive transmission system can remain connected. As a result, the cutting of the drive transmission system by the separating member is permitted / prevented depending on which direction the driving force is applied in which direction the gear is rotated, so that the rotation of the gear in one direction is the rotation in the desired direction. By setting the rotation in the other direction to be in an undesired direction, it is possible to achieve quick movement by disengaging the clutch, and without requiring an extra operation, It is possible to prevent rotation in the undesired direction due to operation.

  In the clutch device of the present invention, the first engagement recess is an arc-shaped long hole, and the first engagement protrusion is a pin loosely fitted in the long hole. .

  According to the above configuration, when the rotation of the gear is in one direction, the first engagement protrusion comes into contact with one end of the long hole, and when the rotation is in the other direction, the first engagement protrusion is in the long hole. By abutting against the other end portion, it becomes possible to transmit the driving force in each direction, and the second engagement projection is in a state where the first engagement projection is at one end of the elongated hole. By setting their positions so as to be fitted into the second engagement recesses, when the first engagement protrusions are disengaged from one end of the long hole, the second engagement protrusions are the second engagement protrusions. It becomes impossible to fit into the fitting recess, and displacement of the first clutch plate toward the second clutch plate by the separating member can be prevented.

  Furthermore, the clutch device of the present invention is rotatable about the shaft and movable in the axial direction on the shaft, and further includes a spring receiving plate on the other end surface side of the second clutch plate, The first engaging recess is formed by penetrating between both end faces of the second clutch plate, and the first engaging protrusion is loosely fitted in the elongated hole and connected to the receiving plate. The first clutch plate and the receiving plate rotate integrally with each other, the bias spring is a coil spring wound around the shaft, and a bearing member that pivotally supports the shaft. It is interposed between the spring receiving plates.

  According to the above configuration, the second clutch is configured by the first engagement protrusion that receives the elastic force of the bias spring by the spring receiving plate and rotates the spring receiving plate and the first clutch plate in conjunction with each other. Since the elastic force is transmitted to the first clutch plate beyond the plate, the bias spring can be arranged outward from the second clutch plate, that is, in the direction opposite to the gear, It is possible to use a device that generates an elastic force, and the adjustment of the elastic force is easy.

  In the stand of the present invention, a gantry on which an object is mounted is supported on a column extending from a pedestal installed on a floor so as to be movable up and down, and a certain amount of urging force is applied to the gantry upward. Thus, the clutch device is mounted on a stand that can lift and fix the mount on which the load is mounted to an arbitrary position by manual operation, and the shaft manually lifts and lowers the mount. The gear is connected to a member that defines the raising / lowering position of the gantry on the column side, and the separating member is coupled to an operation lever that is operated when the gantry is raised and lowered manually. It is characterized by that.

  According to the above configuration, the gantry on which the load is mounted is supported on the column extending from the pedestal installed on the floor so as to be movable up and down, and a certain amount of urging force is given to the gantry upward. Thus, in a stand that can lift and fix the mount on which the object is mounted to an arbitrary position by manual operation, the stand is manually lifted and lowered by using a clutch device for the mount. And a member that defines the lifting position of the pedestal, such as a gear meshed with the rack rail on the support column side, and the position of the pedestal is fixed by raising and lowering the pedestal by the handle operation and stopping the operation. Realize. On the other hand, when realizing the up-and-down displacement of the gantry to an arbitrary position as described above by disengaging the clutch, the shaft is connected to the handle and the gear is formed on, for example, a column, using the clutch device. Connected to a member that defines the raising and lowering position such as a gear meshing with the rack rail, and the separating member is connected to an operation lever that is operated when manually raising and lowering the gantry, and an object to be mounted on the gantry When the pedestal is mounted, the weight of the gantry is urged in the downward direction so that the gear rotates in one desired direction, and when the load is not mounted on the gantry, It is set so that the gear rotates in the other undesired direction when the gantry is urged upward by the force.

  Therefore, the clutch can be disengaged by operating the operation lever when the object to be loaded is mounted on the mount without any special operation, and the user can move the balanced mount to any position with a small force. By quickly moving up and down and connecting the clutch, position fixing and fine position adjustment by the handle become possible. In other words, in the stand that switches to the manual up / down movable mode when the clutch is engaged / disengaged, the clutch cannot be disengaged and cannot be switched to manual movement if the stand does not hold an object exceeding the urging force to the gantry. When the object to be mounted is not mounted on the mount, it is possible to prevent the mount that has become unbalanced from jumping up undesirably.

  Furthermore, the stand of the present invention is characterized in that a pan head is mounted on the mount, and the mounted object is mounted on the pan head.

  According to the above configuration, when the object to be mounted is directly mounted on the gantry, it is possible to operate the member that locks the gantry to the column in conjunction with the object to be mounted. On the other hand, when a load is mounted on a gantry via a platform, it is difficult to link the load from the load to the lock member, and a book that locks using the weight of the load. The invention is particularly suitable.

  The optical device of the present invention is characterized in that the stand is provided with an optical device as the mounted object.

  According to the above configuration, an optical apparatus such as a three-dimensional measuring apparatus requires the pan head for angle adjustment, is heavy, and preferably uses the stand.

  As described above, the clutch device of the present invention is provided with a gear serving as the other end of the input or output of the driving force on the shaft serving as one end of the input or output of the driving force, and around the shaft. A first clutch plate is provided which is rotatable and movable in the axial direction on the shaft. Usually, the first clutch plate is urged by the elastic force of a bias spring, and one end surface of the first clutch plate is applied to the gear. A clutch device in which the driving force is transmitted by contact, and the separation member disengages the first clutch plate from the gear against the elastic force of the bias spring so that the transmission of the driving force is disconnected. A second clutch plate fixed to the shaft opposite to the first clutch plate is provided, and the second clutch plate and the first clutch plate are on one side of the end surfaces facing each other. First engaging projection formed Is rotated in conjunction with the first engagement recess formed on the other side, while the second clutch plate and the first clutch plate are on one side of the mutually opposing end surfaces. Forms a second engagement protrusion lower than the first engagement protrusion, and a second engagement recess into which the second engagement protrusion is fitted.

  Therefore, at the time of transmission of the driving force in which the rotation of the gear is in one direction, the second engagement protrusion can be inserted into the second engagement recess, and the first clutch plate of the first clutch plate by the separating member can be inserted. Displacement in the direction of the second clutch plate, that is, disconnection of the drive transmission system is allowed, and when the driving force is transmitted in the other direction of rotation of the gear, the elastic force of the bias spring with respect to the first clutch plate The second engagement protrusion is disengaged from the second engagement recess and rides on the end face of the first or second clutch plate, and the second clutch plate direction of the first clutch plate by the separating member Can be prevented, i.e. the drive train can remain connected. As a result, the cutting of the drive transmission system by the separating member is permitted / prevented depending on which direction the driving force is applied in which direction the gear is rotated, so that the rotation of the gear in one direction is the rotation in the desired direction. By setting the rotation in the other direction to be in an undesired direction, it is possible to achieve quick movement by disengaging the clutch, and without requiring an extra operation, It is possible to prevent rotation in the undesired direction due to operation.

  Further, as described above, in the stand of the present invention, a pedestal on which an object is mounted is supported on a column extending from a pedestal installed on a floor surface so as to be movable up and down, and a certain amount is supported on the pedestal upward. In the stand that can lift and fix the mount on which the mounted object is mounted to an arbitrary position by manual operation, a clutch device is used for the mount. A handle for manually raising and lowering the gantry and a member defining the raising and lowering position of the gantry, such as a gear meshing with the rack rail on the support column side, are directly connected to raise and lower the gantry by the handle operation and stop the operation. While realizing the fixed position of the pedestal by the above, in order to realize the vertical displacement of the pedestal to an arbitrary position as described above by disengaging the clutch, using the clutch device, When the shaft is connected to the handle, the gear is connected to a member that defines the lifting position, such as a gear that meshes with a rack rail formed on a support column, and the separation member is moved up and down manually. Connected to an operation lever operated in the above manner, and when the object to be mounted on the gantry is mounted, the gantry is urged in the downward direction by its weight so that the gear rotates in one desired direction, and It is set so that the gear rotates in the other undesired direction by urging the gantry upward by the urging force to the gantry when the object to be mounted on the gantry is not mounted.

  Therefore, it is possible to disengage the clutch by operating the operation lever when mounting an object to be mounted on the mount without any special operation, and the user can move the balanced mount to any position with a small force. By quickly moving up and down and connecting the clutch, position fixing and fine position adjustment by the handle become possible. As a result, in the stand that is switched to the manual up-and-down movable mode by the engagement / disengagement of the clutch, when the object exceeding the urging force to the gantry is not held by the stand, the clutch cannot be disengaged and switched to the manual movement. Thus, when the load is not mounted on the mount, it is possible to prevent the unsupported mount from jumping up undesirably.

  In addition, as described above, the optical device of the present invention is provided with the optical device as the mounted object on the stand.

  Therefore, an optical apparatus such as a three-dimensional measuring apparatus requires a pan head for angle adjustment and is heavy, and it is preferable to use the above-mentioned stand.

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an overall configuration of a stand 20 in which a clutch device according to an embodiment of the present invention is used. The stand 20 constitutes an optical apparatus together with the optical apparatus 1 such as the three-dimensional measuring apparatus shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 described above. The stand 20 mounts a heavy load to be mounted, cancels the weight by a biasing force of a spring (not shown), and enables manual up-and-down displacement, preferably using the pan head 6 If so, it is not limited to the optical device 1.

  The stand 20 is roughly composed of a base 3 installed on the floor, a support 21 extending from the support 3, a support 22 supported by the support 21 so as to be movable up and down, and a support 22 on the support 22. A platform 6 (not shown) provided and a mount 23 attached to the back surface of the column 21 are configured. The platform 3 and the platform 6 are the same as the platform 3 and the platform 6 shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, respectively, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. To do. As shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 described above, a quick shoe 9 is attached to the bottom surface of the optical device 1 with a screw 10, and the quick shoe 9 is fitted into the groove 6a of the pan head 6, thereby 1 is attached to the pan head 6 with one touch. The measurement results of the optical device 1 are collected and displayed by a personal computer or the like mounted on the gantry 23.

  The gantry 22 includes a base body 24 that slides and displaces on the column 21, an arm 26 that extends forward from the base body 24 and has a mounting portion 25 on which the pan head 6 is mounted at the free end, and the arm 26 portion. And a handle 28 provided on the base body 24 and capable of finely adjusting the lifting position of the gantry 22 manually. In FIG. 1, the support rods 5c and 5d and the balance weights 5e and 5f shown in FIG. 17 and FIG. 18 are omitted for simplification of the drawing. They are also equipped for mounting 1.

  2 is a perspective view showing the internal structure of the base 24 portion of the gantry 22, FIG. 3 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 4 is a rear view thereof. The front side of the support column 21 is composed of a pair of left and right guide rails 21a and 21b having a U-shaped horizontal cross section and facing each other. , 24b; 24c, 24d slide, so that the gantry 24 can be displaced up and down. Further, a rack rail 21c is laid on the rear surface side of the support column 21, and a pinion gear 24e meshes with the rack rail 21c, so that the positioning of the gantry 22 and the vertical displacement by rotating the handle 28 are performed. Is possible. Opposed to the pinion gear 24e, a driven roller 24f for preventing derailment is provided on the opposite side of the rack rail 21c. The pinion gear 24e is connected to the handle 28 in the base body 24 via a clutch device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention described later.

  Further, the support column 21 has a biasing force of 18 kg, for example, which is smaller than that of the optical device 1, for example, 20 kg including the weight of the optical device 1 and the weight of the gantry 22 and the platform 6 of 5 kg. A pulley is provided on the upper end 21d of the column 21, and the gantry 22 is attached to one end of a wire 21e wound around the pulley, and the other end is a base end of the column 21 via the spring. By being attached to the portion 21f, the gantry 22 is urged upward, and the gantry 22 can be manually moved up and down with a small force when the optical device 1 is mounted. The pedestal 23 may be fixed at an appropriate position on the back surface 21g of the support column 21, or the height may be adjusted appropriately.

  5 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the mounting portion 25 from the arm 26 of the gantry 22, FIG. 6 is a plan view thereof, FIG. 7 is a side view thereof, and FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of. The arm 26 is generally configured to include a main body 26a connected to the base 24 and a feeding member 26b that can be fed forward from the main body 26a. The mounting portion 25 is attached to the tip of the feeding member 26b.

  In the main body 26a, a guide surface is formed by guide members 26c, 26d and a bottom plate 26e provided on both sides of the main body 26a, and guide rollers 26f disposed in a pair of front, rear, left and right of the feeding member 26b in the guide surface. , 26g slide, the feeding member 26b can be moved forward and backward. A rack rail 26h is attached to the front central portion of the feeding member 26b. The rack rail 26h faces the outside from a long hole formed in the front and rear direction of the bottom plate 26e, and a pair of rack rails 26h are formed on the outer surface side of the bottom plate 26e. The bracket 26i meshes with a rack gear 26k fixed to a shaft 26j pivotally supported around the left and right axis. A knob 26l is fixed to the tip of the shaft 26j. Thus, by rotating the knob 26l, the feeding member 26b can be moved in and out of the main body 26a.

  Further, a rising piece 26m is erected on the feeding member 26b, and a fastening piece 26o is connected to the tip of the feeding member 26b so as to be parallel to the top plate 26n of the main body 26a. The fastening piece 26o is formed with a long hole 26p extending in the front-rear direction, and a knob 26s screwed to a nut 26r of a bracket 26q attached to the inner surface side of the top plate 26n is formed in the long hole 26p. Loose fit. Therefore, by loosening the knob 26s, the fastening piece 26o can slide in the front-rear direction, that is, the feeding member 26b can be moved in and out. By tightening the knob 26s, the fastening piece 26o is connected to the top plate 26n and the nut 26r. In other words, the feeding member 26b cannot be moved up and down. In this manner, the feeding member 26b can be moved in and out by the rotation of the knob 26l and fixed at an arbitrary feeding position by the knob 26s.

  9 is an enlarged perspective view showing the structure of the peripheral portion of the clutch device 30 according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a side view thereof, and FIG. 11 is a rear view thereof. 12 and 13 are exploded perspective views of the clutch device 30. FIG. The clutch device 30 generally includes a shaft 31, a gear 32, a first clutch plate 33, a second clutch plate 34, a spring receiving plate 35, and a bias spring 36. .

  The shaft 31 serves as an input end for driving force when the gantry 22 is moved up and down using the handle 28, and serves as an output end for driving force when the gantry 22 is stopped. The axis 31 is moved in the axial direction by the front and rear frames 24 m and 24 n in the base 24. It is pivotally supported as the front-rear direction. A gear 37 is fixed to the front end 31a side of the shaft 31, and a worm 39 fixed to a shaft 38 to which the handle 28 is fixed is engaged with the gear 37. Therefore, the shaft 31 serves as an input end of the driving force when the gantry 22 using the handle 28 is moved up and down as described above. When the gantry 22 is stopped, the shaft 31 is prevented from rotating by the self-locking action of the worm 39, and the driving force output end. It becomes.

  The gear 32 is rotatable about the shaft 31 and serves as an output end of driving force when the gantry 22 is lifted / lowered using the handle 28, and when the gantry 22 is lifted / lowered by the handle 27 by closing the clutch device 30. When stopping, it becomes the input end of the driving force. An idle gear 40 is engaged with the gear 32, and the idle gear 40 is fixed to a shaft 41 that is pivotally supported by the front and rear frames 24m and 24n with the axial direction as a front-rear direction. The pinion gear 24e is fixed to the shaft 41. Therefore, the gear 32 becomes an output end of driving force to the pinion gear 24e when the gantry 22 is lifted and lowered using the handle 28, and the clutch device 30 is cut off when the gantry 22 is lifted and stopped by the handle 27. The input terminal of the driving force from the pinion gear 24e.

  The first clutch plate 33 is movable in the axial direction on the shaft 31, and the driving force is transmitted / cut off when the one end surface 33 a contacts / separates the one end surface 32 a of the gear 32. 9 to 13, a coupler 32c is attached to the one end surface 32a by a screw 32b, and any one of the coupling recesses 32d formed in the radial direction at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the coupler 32c. Furthermore, the coupling protrusion 33b formed on the one end surface 33a of the first clutch plate 33 is fitted, so that the gear 32 and the first clutch plate 33 rotate integrally without deviation. The gear 32 and the first clutch plate 33 may be configured such that the driving force is transmitted / cut off by contacting / separating each other, and the driving force is transmitted by frictional contact between the disks. . On the other end surface 33c of the first clutch plate 33, a plurality (four in FIGS. 9 to 13) of first engagement protrusions 33d are provided upright at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The hole 33e, which is the second engagement recess, is formed.

  The second clutch plate 34 is fixed to the shaft 31 and is connected to the other end surface 34b from the one end surface 34a on the other end surface 33c side of the first clutch plate 33, and the pin 33d is loosely fitted. An arc-shaped long hole 34c is formed, and a screw 34d into which the head portion 34d1 fits in the hole 33e is screwed to the one end surface 34a.

  The spring receiving plate 35 is also rotatable around the shaft 31 and is movable on the shaft 31 in the axial direction. The spring receiving plate 35 is screwed and fixed to the tip of a pin 33d loosely fitted with the elongated hole 34c by a screw 35a. Therefore, the spring receiving plate 35 rotates and moves in the axial direction integrally with the first clutch plate 33, and in the gear 32 direction, that is, the first clutch plate 33 by the bias spring 36 wound around the shaft 31. Is elastically biased in the direction of meshing with the gear 32.

  A separation member 42 is provided between the gear 32 and the first clutch plate 33, and the separation member 42 has a lever 43 (see FIG. 6) whose upper end portion 43a is swingably supported by a pin 43b. ) Is installed. A lower end portion 43 c of the lever 43 is connected to a lever 46 provided in the handle 27 via link members 44 and 45. The lever 46 is formed in a substantially L shape in plan view, and its middle point 46a serves as a rocking base point in the handle 27, and when the one end 46b side is pulled in the Yafu F1 direction by the user, the other end The link member 45 connected by the pin on the 46c side is displaced in the direction of Yafu F2, thereby displacing the link member 44 in the direction of Yafu F2, and the lever 43 swings in the direction of Yafu F3, The first clutch plate 33 and the spring receiving plate 35 are also displaced in the Yafu F2 direction, that is, the direction in which the clutch is disengaged.

  14-16 is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of the clutch apparatus 30 comprised in this way, (a) is a front view seen from the surface of the 2nd clutch board 34, (b) Is a side view. As shown in FIGS. 14 (a) and 15 (a), the elongated hole 34c has a center position of the pin 33d when the pin 33d is positioned at one end 34c1, and as shown in FIG. 16 (a). In addition, a predetermined angle θ, for example, 7 °, is formed around the shaft 31 between the pin 33d when the pin 33d is positioned at the other end 34c2.

  Then, relative to the second clutch plate 34, a driving force is applied in the direction in which the first clutch plate 33 is rotationally driven in the Yafu R1 direction, and FIGS. 14 (a) and 15 (a). ), When the pin 33d is positioned at the one end 34c1 of the long hole 34c, the position of the head 34d1 of the screw 34d is aligned with the hole 33e, and the head 34d1 of the screw 34d is fitted into the hole 33e. It becomes possible. In contrast, relative to the second clutch plate 34, a driving force is applied in a direction in which the first clutch plate 33 is rotationally driven in the direction opposite to Yafu R1, and FIG. ), When the pin 33d is positioned at the other end 34c2 of the long hole 34c, the position of the head 34d1 of the screw 34d does not match the hole 33e, and the head 34d1 of the screw 34d fits into the hole 33e. It cannot run and rides on the other end surface 33c of the first clutch plate 33.

  Here, the moving amount D1 of the first clutch plate 33 and the spring receiving plate 35 in the direction of the shaft 31 is, for example, 4 mm, and the height D2 of the coupling protrusion 33b is 3 mm. Therefore, the gantry 22 to which a driving force is applied to the first clutch plate 33 in the Yafu R1 direction, that is, the direction in which the pinion gear 24e is rotated in the opposite direction R2 is biased in the downward direction. That is, in a state where the optical device 1 is mounted on the mount 22, the position of the head 34d1 of the screw 34d matches the hole 33e, the user holds the handle 27, and resists the elastic force of the bias spring 36. When the lever 46 is operated, the clutch can be released as shown in FIGS. 15 (a) and 15 (b) to 14 (a) and 14 (b). When the clutch is released, the user can hold the handle 27 and quickly move the gantry 22 up and down.

  When the user stops the operation of the lever 46, the lever 46 is restored by the elastic force of the bias spring 36, the clutch is connected, and the gantry 22 can be moved up and down by the operation of the handle 28. If no operation is performed, the gantry 22 is held and fixed to the column 21 at the position by the self-locking action of the worm 39.

  On the other hand, the first clutch plate 33 is lifted by the gantry 22 to which a driving force is applied in the direction opposite to the Yafu R1, that is, the direction in which the pinion gear 24e is rotated in the opposite direction to R2. When the optical device 1 is biased in the direction, that is, when the optical device 1 is not mounted on the mount 22, the position of the head 34d1 of the screw 34d does not coincide with the hole 33e, and FIG. 16 (a) and FIG. 16 (b) As shown, the clutch release operation by the operation of the lever 46 becomes impossible.

  With this configuration, the cutting of the drive transmission system by the separating member 42 is allowed / blocked depending on in which direction the driving force is applied in the direction in which the gear 32 is rotated. Rotation in the rotation direction R1 of the gear 32 at the time becomes a rotation in a desired direction, and rotation in a direction opposite to the rotation direction R1 at the time of non-mounting becomes a rotation in an undesired direction. As a result, a quick movement of the gantry 22 can be realized by disengaging the clutch by operating the lever 46, and no special operation like the stopper pin 4b is required. It is possible to prevent the gantry 22 that cannot be removed from jumping up undesirably by the operation of the lever 46.

  In particular, in the stand 20 in which the platform 6 is mounted on the mount 22 and the mounted object is mounted on the platform 6, the mounted object is mounted in the case where the mounted object is directly mounted on the mount. As a result, it becomes possible to operate the member that locks the gantry to the support column in conjunction with it, but the pan head 6 is interposed, so that the interlocking from the mounted object to the lock member is realized. However, the present invention that locks using the weight of the mounted object is particularly suitable. In addition, the optical apparatus 1 such as a three-dimensional measuring apparatus requires the pan head 6 for adjusting the angle and is heavy, and it is preferable to use the stand 20.

  Further, the bias spring 36 is a coil spring wound around the shaft 31, and after receiving the elastic force by the spring receiving plate 35, the first clutch is connected via the pin 33d loosely fitting the elongated hole 34c. By transmitting to the plate 33, the bias spring 36 can be disposed outward from the second clutch plate 34, that is, in the direction opposite to the gear 32, and generates a sufficient elasticity in the bias spring 36. Can be used, and the adjustment of the elasticity is easy. The spring receiving plate 35 and the first clutch plate 33 are not connected by the pin 33d, but the spring receiving plate 35 and the first clutch plate 33 are formed to have a larger diameter than the second clutch plate 34. Alternatively, the second clutch plate 34 may be connected by a cylinder covering the outer peripheral side.

  When the bias spring 36 is realized by a tension spring or the like provided between the first clutch plate 33 and the rear frame 24n, the spring receiving plate 35 becomes unnecessary, and the first clutch plate 33 is eliminated. A long hole 34c may be formed in the second clutch plate 34, and the pin 33d may be erected on the second clutch plate 34, as long as the height of the pin 33d is higher than the height of the head 34d1 of the screw 34d. Similarly, it goes without saying that the screw 34 d may be screwed to the first clutch plate 33 and the hole 33 e may be formed in the second clutch plate 34.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of the stand in which the clutch apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is used. It is a perspective view which shows the internal structure of the base | substrate part of the mount frame in the stand shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a rear view of FIG. 2. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the structure of the mounting part part of a pan head from the arm of the said mount. FIG. 6 is a plan view of FIG. 5. FIG. 6 is a side view of FIG. 5. It is sectional drawing which shows the internal structure of the said arm part. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the structure of the peripheral part from the clutch apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9. FIG. 10 is a rear view of FIG. 9. It is a disassembled perspective view of the said clutch apparatus. It is a disassembled perspective view of the said clutch apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a clutch apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a clutch apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement of a clutch apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of a typical prior art stand. It is a perspective view which shows the whole structure of a typical prior art stand.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Optical equipment 3 A platform 6 A platform 20 A stand 21 A support | pillar 21a, 21b A guide rail 21c A rack rail 22, 23 A mount 24 A base 24e A pinion gear 25 A mounting part 26 An arm 26a Main body 26b A feeding member 27 A handle 28 A handle 30 A clutch device 31 Axis 32 Gear 32c Coupler 32d Coupling recess 33 First clutch plate 33b Coupling protrusion 33d Pin 33e Hole 34 Second clutch plate 34c Long hole 34d Screw 34d1 Head 35 Spring receiving plate 36 Bias spring 39 Worm 42 Separating members 43, 46 Lever 44, 45 Link member

Claims (6)

An axis that is one end of input or output of driving force,
A gear that is rotatable about the axis and serves as the other end of the input or output of the driving force;
It is rotatable around the axis and is movable in the axial direction on the axis, and the driving force is transmitted / cut off when the one end surface contacts / separates from one end surface of the gear, and the other end surface receives the first engagement. One of the convex protrusion and the first engaging recess in which it loosely engages is formed, and the second engaging convex lower than the first engaging convex and the second engaging protrusion A first clutch plate in which one of the engagement recesses is formed;
A bias spring that resiliently biases the first clutch plate in the gear direction to contact the gear;
The other end of the first engagement protrusion and the first engagement recess, and the second engagement protrusion and the first engagement protrusion are fixed to the shaft and on the other end surface side of the first clutch plate. A second clutch plate that is formed with the other of the two engagement recesses and rotates in conjunction with the first clutch plate by the engagement of the first engagement protrusion and the first engagement recess. When,
A separation member capable of separating the first clutch plate in the direction of the second clutch plate against the elastic force of the bias spring;
At the time of transmission of driving force in which the rotation of the gear is in one direction, the second engagement protrusion is inserted into the second engagement recess, and the second clutch of the first clutch plate by the separation member Displacement in the plate direction is allowed, and when the driving force is transmitted so that the rotation of the gear is in the other direction, the second engagement protrusion is the second due to the elastic force of the bias spring with respect to the first clutch plate. Disengaging from the engagement recess and riding on the end face of the first or second clutch plate, the displacement of the first clutch plate toward the second clutch plate by the separating member is prevented. Clutch device.   2. The clutch device according to claim 1, wherein the first engagement recess is an arc-shaped long hole, and the first engagement protrusion is a pin loosely fitted in the long hole. The second clutch plate further includes a spring receiving plate that is rotatable about the shaft and movable in the axial direction on the shaft,
The first engagement recess is formed by penetrating between both end faces of the second clutch plate, and the first engagement protrusion is loosely fitted in the long hole and connected to the receiving plate. Thus, the first clutch plate and the receiving plate rotate integrally with each other,
The bias spring is a coil spring wound around the shaft, and is interposed between a bearing member that rotatably supports the shaft and the spring receiving plate. Clutch device. A pedestal mounted on a floor is supported by a column extending from a pedestal so that the mounted object can be moved up and down, and a certain amount of urging force is applied to the pedestal upward. In a stand that can be raised and lowered to an arbitrary position by manual operation and fixed,
The clutch device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is mounted on the pedestal, the shaft is connected to a handle for manually raising and lowering the pedestal, and the gear is connected to the support on the column side. The stand is connected to a member that defines an elevation position, and the separation member is connected to an operation lever that is operated when the platform is manually raised and lowered.   The stand according to claim 4, wherein a platform is mounted on the platform, and the mounted object is mounted on the platform.   6. The optical apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising an optical device as the mounted object.

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