JP2007319552A - Fireproof installation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent local temperature rise due to heat by fire in each of closed spaces partitioned with partition walls in a building. <P>SOLUTION: The building having the plurality of closed spaces S1 partitioned in the circumferences includes: first opening parts 81 provided by penetration in ceiling boards 5 partitioning the respective closed spaces S1 and ceiling spaces S2; and second opening parts 82 provided by penetration in the partitioning walls 4 partitioning the ceiling spaces S2 in accordance with the closed spaces S1. The heat from the closed space S1 being the source of the fire is thereby made to escape via the openings 81, 82 to prevent the heat from being kept in the closed space S1 being the fire source. Consequently, the local temperature rise is prevented in each of the closed spaces S1 due to the heat by the fire. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fireproof facility for releasing heat in a building in the event of a fire.

  In the fire-proof design of buildings, the fire-proof performance verification method is frequently used. The fireproof performance verification method verifies that the fireproof time of the main structural part is longer than the fire time against the heat from the fire that is expected to occur in the room. According to the fireproof performance verification method, rationalization of the fireproof coating of the column beam and the fireproof specification of the partition wall is performed.

  However, depending on the building, it may be difficult to rationalize measures for fireproof specifications. The main cause is considered to be a partition wall. In a performance fireproof design, if the partition wall is evaluated on the safe side, it will be treated as not broken during the fire. However, heat generated by a fire is trapped inside a room configured as a closed space partitioned by a partition wall. As a result, the temperature of the closed space rises abnormally and the thermal influence on other structural members increases.

  Conventionally, as a smoke exhaust system for preventing smoke leakage to the evacuation route, a pressure relief port is formed on the outer wall of the ceiling chamber in the living room, and a pressure fan is connected to the ancillary room communicating with the living room. There is something. In this smoke exhaust system, by operating the pressure fan, the air pressurized in the attached room enters the room and rises in the room and is discharged from the ceiling chamber to the outside air through the pressure relief port. That is, the smoke generated by the fire in the living room is discharged together with the pressurized air from the pressure relief port to the outside air. As a result, smoke is prevented from leaking into the corridor and the staircase as an evacuation path communicating with the living room together with the attached room (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 11-294823 A

  In the smoke exhaust system, it can be assumed that the heat generated by the fire together with the smoke is discharged from the pressure relief port to the outside air. However, the smoke exhaust system is applied to a room facing the outer wall in order to secure an evacuation route. In a building that partitions a plurality of closed spaces with partition walls, there may be a closed space that does not face the outer wall. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the heat generated by the fire from being stored even in a closed space that does not face the outer wall.

  In view of the above circumstances, the present invention provides fireproof equipment capable of preventing local temperature rise in each closed space due to heat at the time of fire in a building having a plurality of closed spaces partitioned by partition walls. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, a fireproof equipment according to claim 1 of the present invention partitions a space between each closed space and a ceiling space in a fireproof equipment for a building having a plurality of closed spaces partitioned around. A first opening provided through the ceiling plate and a second opening provided through the partition wall partitioning the ceiling space corresponding to each closed space are provided.

  The fireproof equipment according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned claim 1, further comprising a third opening provided through a side wall that partitions the ceiling space and the outside of the building. To do.

  The fireproof equipment according to claim 3 of the present invention is the above-mentioned fireproof equipment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the blindfold closing the opening and the blindfold is held in a closed state at the normal time, while being melted by heat at the time of fire And a closing member that releases the holding of the blindfold and opens the opening.

  The fireproof equipment according to the present invention is a fireproof equipment for a building having a plurality of closed spaces partitioned around the first opening provided through the ceiling plate partitioning between each closed space and the ceiling space. And a second opening provided through the partition wall for partitioning the ceiling space corresponding to each closed space. For this reason, heat is released from the closed space where the fire has occurred to the other closed spaces through the first opening and the second opening, so that heat does not accumulate in the closed space of the fire. As a result, the local temperature rise of each closed space can be prevented by the heat at the time of fire. That is, it is not necessary to change the fireproof specification of the partition wall depending on the arrangement of the closed space, and the uniform fireproof specification can be achieved, so that design and construction are facilitated. Moreover, since the fire-resistant specification of the partition wall is not changed even when the design is changed or modified, it is possible to provide a highly flexible building for a long time. In some cases, it becomes possible to reduce or eliminate the fireproof coating of the column beam and the fireproof specification of the partition wall, so that the equipment cost can be reduced.

  In addition, by further including a third opening provided through the side wall that partitions the ceiling space and the outside of the building, the outside of the building is opened from the closed space S1 where there was a fire through each opening. Since heat is released to the inside, it is possible to prevent the situation where heat builds up in the building.

  Moreover, while holding the blindfold which closes an opening part and the said blindfold board at the time of a normal time, it melt | dissolves with the heat | fever at the time of a fire, and the holding | maintenance of a blindfold board is removed and the said opening part is made into an open state By further including the closing member, it is possible to maintain an air conditioning effect and a soundproofing effect in a normal time when no fire is generated, and to make the opening function only in a fire.

  Exemplary embodiments of a fireproof equipment according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

  FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment of a building to which a fireproof facility according to the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

  The building shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a high-rise building or the like, and has a plurality of closed spaces S1 that are partitioned by an upper slab 1, a lower slab 2, an outer wall 31, an inner wall 32, and a partition wall 4. Yes. A ceiling space S <b> 2 partitioned by a ceiling plate 5 is provided below the upper slab 1. And the ceiling space S2 in the upper part is also partitioned by the partition wall 4 corresponding to each closed space S1. In addition, in the building in this Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, each closed space S1 is arranged in parallel and the window glass 6 is arrange | positioned in the outer wall 31 of the closed space S1 of both ends. . Moreover, in the building in this Embodiment, the channel | path 7 etc. are provided along the closed space S1 provided in parallel as shown in FIG. Also in the space of the passage 7, a ceiling space S3 partitioned by the ceiling plate 51 is provided. Moreover, the building mentioned above is made into the fireproof structure which provided the performance for preventing the collapse and fire spread by the said fire until a normal fire is complete | finished.

  The fireproof equipment according to the present invention applied to the building described above includes a first opening 81 provided through the ceiling plate 5 between each closed space S1 and the ceiling space S2, and a partition wall 4 that partitions the ceiling space S2. And a third opening 83 provided through the outer wall 31 that partitions the ceiling space S2 and the outside of the building. The first opening 81 is closed by a blindfold plate 811. The second openings 82 are respectively provided on the both-side partition plates 41 that form the thickness of the partition wall 4, and are closed by the blindfold plate 821. Similarly, the third opening 83 is closed by the blindfold plate 831. Each of the blind plates 811, 821, 831 is held by a closing member (not shown) so that the respective openings 81, 82, 83 are normally closed. The closing member is melted by heat such as a thermal fuse. That is, the closing member is melted by heat at the time of a fire, and thereby the function of holding the blindfold plates 811, 821, 831 is cut off, and the openings 81, 82, 83 are opened. Note that the arrangement and size of the openings 81, 82, and 83, or the melting temperature of the closing member may be adjusted as appropriate according to the shape and size of the closed space S1.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the above-described fireproof equipment will be described. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, a case is assumed where there is a fire in the closed space S1 that does not face the outer wall 31. In the closed space S1 of the fire source, the internal temperature rises. For this reason, in the ceiling board 5 of the said closed space S1, a closing member fuse | melts with the heat | fever of predetermined temperature, the holding | maintenance of the blindfold board 811 is removed, and the 1st opening part 81 will be in an open state. And the 2nd opening part 82 provided in the partition wall 4 and the 1st opening part 81 connected to other closed space S1 will be in an open state by the heat | fever which transmits the ceiling space S2 via the 1st opening part 81. FIG. As a result, since heat is transferred from the fire source closed space S1 to the other closed space S1, it is possible to prevent a situation where fire heat is trapped in the fire source closed space S1. Further, the third opening 83 is opened by heat transmitted to the ceiling space S2 corresponding to the closed space S1 facing the outer wall 31, and heat is released to the outside of the building.

  In addition, when the window glass 6 exists in closed space S1 which faced the outer wall 31, the window glass 6 is damaged by heat and it is possible to discharge | release heat from there. For this reason, when the window glass 6 exists in the closed space S <b> 1 facing the outer wall 31, the third opening 83 may not be provided.

  As described above, in the fireproof equipment described above, in the building having the plurality of closed spaces S1 that are partitioned around the first, the first is provided through the ceiling plate 5 that partitions between the closed spaces S1 and the ceiling spaces S2. An opening 81 and a second opening 82 provided through the partition wall 4 for partitioning the ceiling space S2 corresponding to each closed space S1 are provided. For this reason, heat is released from the closed space S1 where there is a fire to the other closed spaces S1 through the openings 81 and 82, so that heat does not accumulate in the closed space S1 of the fire source. As a result, it is possible to prevent a local temperature rise in each closed space S1 due to heat during a fire. That is, it is not necessary to change the fire resistance specification of the partition wall 4 depending on the arrangement of the closed space S1, and the design and construction are facilitated because the fire resistance specification can be made uniform. Moreover, since the fireproof specification of the partition wall 4 may remain as it is by design change or modification, a highly flexible building can be provided over a long period of time. In some cases, it becomes possible to reduce or eliminate the fireproof coating of the column beam and the fireproof specification of the partition wall 4, so that the equipment cost can be reduced.

  Further, by further including a third opening 83 provided through the outer wall 31 that partitions the ceiling space S2 and the outside of the building, the openings 81, 82, and 83 are opened from the closed space S1 where there was a fire. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the heat from being trapped in the building.

  Further, the blindfold plates 811, 821, and 831 that block the openings 81, 82, and 83, and the blindfold plates 811, 821, and 831 are kept closed at the normal time, while being melted by heat at the time of fire By further including a closing member that removes the holding of the cover plates 811, 821, 831 and opens the openings 81, 82, 83, it is possible to provide a cooling / heating effect, a soundproofing effect, etc. in a normal time when no fire is generated. It is possible to keep the openings 81, 82, and 83 to function only during a fire.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows embodiment of the building to which the fireproof equipment which concerns on this invention is applied. It is II-II sectional drawing in FIG. It is a figure which shows the effect | action of the fireproof equipment which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper slab 2 Lower slab 4 Partition wall 41 Partition plate 31 Outer wall 32 Inner wall 5,51 Ceiling plate 6 Window glass 7 Passage 81 1st opening part 811 Blind plate 82 Second opening part 821 Blind plate 83 3rd opening part 831 Blindfold S1 Closed space S2 Ceiling space S3 Ceiling space

Claims (3)

In a fireproof facility for a building having a plurality of closed spaces partitioned around,
A first opening provided through the ceiling plate that partitions between each closed space and the ceiling space;
And a second opening penetrating through a partition wall that partitions the ceiling space corresponding to each closed space.   The fireproof equipment according to claim 1, further comprising a third opening provided through a side wall that partitions the ceiling space and the outside of the building. A blindfold that closes the opening;
And further comprising a closing member that holds the blindfold in a closed state at normal time, and releases the blindfold plate by being melted by heat during a fire to open the opening. The fireproof equipment according to claim 1 or 2.

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