JP2007312678A - Sowing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sowing machine whose whole body can be made compact, and whose electric motor can have high torque and high speed. <P>SOLUTION: This sowing machine 1 loading a battery 7 and the electric motor 20 driven by the battery 7 as a power source, and rotating at least any of front wheels 8 and rear wheels 9 driven by the electric motor 20 is provided with that the electric motor 20 is built in the rear wheels 9. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a seeder equipped with auxiliary power.

Conventional seeding machines include those using only human power (see Patent Document 1) and those equipped with auxiliary power. It is difficult for a seeder using only human power to push the seeder while maintaining a horizontal posture depending on the state of the field. In particular, it is difficult for a powerless person to operate a seeder equipped with a plurality of seeding means of two or more lines while maintaining an appropriate posture for a powerless person due to the weight of the machine and the resistance of the grooving part by soil. On the other hand, a seeder equipped with auxiliary power is easy to operate because it is easy for a powerless person to operate while maintaining a horizontal posture.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 4-21210

  However, a conventional seeding machine equipped with auxiliary power includes a battery mounted on the main body frame, an electric motor mounted on the main body frame, and power for transmitting the rotation of the electric motor to the front wheels, the rear wheels, or both wheels. A transmission mechanism configured to rotate the front wheel or the rear wheel by driving an electric motor, and the feeding means for feeding seeds to the field is linked to either the front wheel or the rear wheel via the interlocking means. Seeds are seeded.

  Therefore, an electric motor is mounted on the main body frame, and a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the electric motor to the front wheels, the rear wheels, or both wheels must be provided in addition to the interlocking means for moving the feeding means. Therefore, there is a problem that the seeder becomes large. In order to increase the torque and speed of the electric motor, the electric motor becomes larger and the seeder becomes larger.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a seeder capable of reducing the size of the entire seeder and further increasing the torque and speed of the electric motor. With the goal.

  The invention of claim 1 is a seeder equipped with a battery and an electric motor that drives the battery as a power source, and at least one of a front wheel and a rear wheel is rotated by the driving of the electric motor, The motor is incorporated in at least one of the front wheel and the rear wheel.

  The invention of claim 2 is the seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle position of the electric motor is monitored by the controller with the signal of the position detection sensor, and overload prevention of the electric motor is controlled by the controller. To do.

  The invention of claim 3 is the seeder according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein an electric motor is built in either the front wheel or the rear wheel, and no front motor or rear wheel is built in the electric motor. A feeding means for feeding seeds to one of the other is interlocked, and a battery is mounted on the upper part of the other.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is not necessary to separately provide a space for mounting the electric motor, and it is not necessary to provide a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the electric motor. Further, since the interior of the front and rear wheels having a sufficient size as a motor space is used as a space for the electric motor, an electric motor having a high torque and a high speed can be mounted. As described above, the entire seeding machine can be made compact, and the electric motor can be increased in torque and speed.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, overloading of the electric motor can be prevented by monitoring the angular position of the electric motor by the controller and controlling the electric motor.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or claim 2, the feeding means is moved in conjunction with the front wheel or the rear wheel not including the electric motor, and the electric motor is incorporated. Since the feeding means moves regardless of the rotation of the front wheel or the rear wheel, even if the front wheel or the rear wheel with the built-in electric motor slips, the inter-strain (seed seeding interval) does not change, and the constant strain is maintained. be able to.

  In addition, by mounting a battery on the front wheel or the rear wheel that does not include the electric motor, a good weight balance between the front wheel side and the rear wheel side can be obtained, and the operability of the seeder can be improved.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 8 show an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a seeding machine, FIG. 2 is a side view showing interlocking means, FIG. 3 is a front view of a main part of a handle, and FIG. FIG. 5 to FIG. 7 are perspective views showing respective assembly processes of the rear wheel, FIG. 8 is a schematic control block diagram of the seeding machine, and FIG. 9 is an operation flowchart of the seeding machine.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a seeder 1 is mounted on a main body frame 2 arranged in a horizontal direction, a handle arm 3 connected to the main body frame 2 and arranged obliquely rearward, and a main body frame 2. Seeding means 4 and medicine spraying means (feeding means) 5, a battery 7 mounted on the main body frame 2 via a support base 6, a front wheel 8 rotatably supported on the lower front part of the main body frame 2, and a main body A rear wheel 9 rotatably supported at the lower rear portion of the frame 2 and an interlocking means for moving the seeding means 4 and the medicine spraying means 5 by the rotation of the front wheel 8 are provided.

  The seeding means 4 and the medicine spraying means 5 have feeding means 45 that automatically drops seeds and medicines in conjunction with the rotation of the front wheel 8. The feeding means 45 is provided with a feeding roller (not shown) having a plurality of holes on the outer peripheral surface at the lower part of the hoppers 42 and 43 filled with seeds and medicines. Then, the rotational driving force of the front wheel 8 is transmitted to rotate.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the interlocking means 46 is wound between the sprocket 48 fixed to the rotating shaft 47 of the front wheel 8, the sprocket 50 fixed to the rotating shaft 49 of the feeding roller, and the sprockets 48, 50. The chain 51 is hung. When the front wheel 8 rotates, the sprocket 50 rotates through the chain 51, and the rotation is transmitted to the feeding roller.

  Note that by changing the gear ratio of the sprockets 48 and 50 or changing the number of holes of the feeding roller, it is possible to change the seed drop or the spraying interval (seeding interval, spraying interval).

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the example of the seeding means 4 and the chemical | medical agent spraying means 5 using a feeding roller was shown, not only this but seeding using a rotating eye plate or spraying a chemical | medical agent may be carried out. good.

  The battery 7 has a light weight structure and is disposed at a position directly above the front wheel 8. The battery 7 can be charged and has a capacity of 24V to 27V when fully charged. All the mounted electric devices including the electric motor 20 are driven by the power source of the battery 7. The power source may be of a capacity that can drive the electric motor 20.

  As shown in detail in FIG. 3, the horizontal grip portion 3 a of the handle arm 3 is provided with a first operation portion 10 and a second operation portion 11. The first operation unit 10 is provided on the right hand side of the seeding machine, and the second operation unit 11 is provided on the left hand side of the seeding machine.

  The first operation unit 10 includes a power switch 12 for turning on / off the power, an accelerator lever 13 for changing on / off of the electric motor 20 and its rotation speed, a full lamp unit 14 indicating the remaining amount of the battery 7, and an empty. And a lamp unit 15. The power switch 12 can select an on state by a pressing operation, and can select an off state by a pressing operation again. The accelerator lever 13 is composed of a potentiometer using a proximity switch, and can move between an off position and an on area by a swing operation. The proximity position that enters the ON area from the OFF position is the lowest speed position, and gradually changes to the high speed position as the distance from the OFF position increases. The accelerator lever 13 is biased by a spring (not shown) to the off position side so that the operator automatically returns to the off position when the operator releases the hand from the accelerator lever 13.

  The second operation unit 11 includes a speed fixing switch 16. The fixed speed switch 16 can select the constant speed mode by a pressing operation and can release the constant speed mode by a further pressing operation.

  An electric motor 20 is built in the rear wheel 9. Hereinafter, the configuration of the rear wheel 9 will be described in detail. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the rear wheel 9 includes an electric motor 20 disposed therein, a pair of discs 21 and 21 that sandwich the side surface of the outer peripheral portion of the electric motor 20, and a pair of discs. A pair of left and right outer ring bodies 22, 22 fixed so as to cover the outer peripheral portion of the electric motor 20 assembled with 21, 21, and the left and right side surfaces of the electric motor 20 and the disks 21, 21 are fixed. A pair of left and right side plates 23, 23 is provided.

  The electric motor 20 uses a motor shaft 20 a protruding from the left and right side surfaces as a stator side, and the motor shafts 20 a on both sides are fixed to the main body frame 2 via mounting brackets 24. As for the electric motor 20, the outer peripheral part is used as a rotator side, and as above-mentioned, a pair of discs 21 and 21, a pair of outer ring bodies 22 and 22, and a pair of side plates 23 and 23 are being fixed to the outer peripheral part. The electric motor 20 is a brushless motor and is speed-controlled by a PWM (pulse width modulation) method. A position detection sensor 41 (shown in FIG. 7) is built in the electric motor 20. The position detection sensor 41 detects the rotation state of the electric motor 20 by detecting the rotation angle of the rotator side with respect to the stator side.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which a brushless motor is used has been described. However, other types of motors (brush motors) may be used as the electric motor.

  Next, a procedure for assembling the electric motor 20 will be briefly described. First, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of discs 21 and 21 are fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the electric motor 20 from the left and right sides with a plurality of spacers 25, screws 26 and nuts 27. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of outer ring bodies 22, 22 are arranged on the outer periphery of the electric motor 20 from the outside, and the outer ring bodies 22, 22 are fixed to the spacers 25 with screws 28. A pair of side plates 23, 23 are arranged on the left and right side surfaces of the electric motor 20 from the outside, and the side plates 23, 23 are fixed to the outer ring bodies 22, 22 with screws 29 and nuts 30. This completes the assembly of the rear wheel 9 itself. Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the motor shaft 20 a of the rear wheel 9 is fixed to the main body frame 2 with a screw 31 and a nut 32 via the mounting bracket 24. Thus, the assembly of the rear wheel 9 to the main body frame 2 is completed.

  The pair of outer ring bodies 22, 22 can be exchanged because they can be attached and detached by screws 28, 29, etc., and the width of the rear wheel 9 can be freely changed by exchanging them with ones having different widths.

  Next, the control system of the seeder 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 8, operation signals of the power switch 12, the accelerator lever 13 and the speed fixing switch 16 and a detection signal of the position detection sensor 41 are input to the controller 40. The controller 40 controls the electric motor 20 and the like based on these signals. The details of the control will be described in detail in the following explanation of the operation of the seeder 1.

  The controller 40 has a function of checking the remaining amount of the battery 7. If the remaining amount of the battery 7 is 22V or more, the full lamp unit 14 is turned on, and if it is less than 22V, the empty lamp unit 15 is turned on.

  Next, the operation of the seeder 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 9, when the power switch 12 is pressed and the power is turned on (step S1), first, the remaining amount of the battery 7 is checked (step S2). If the remaining amount of the battery 7 is 22V or more, the full lamp unit 14 is turned on, and if it is less than 22V, the empty lamp unit 15 is turned on. Hereinafter, in the battery check, when a load is applied, the voltage may drop for a moment and become less than 22V. When the voltage is less than 22V, the empty lamp unit 15 is turned on and at the same time, the driving of the motor is stopped.

  After the power is turned on, the standby mode is waited for the accelerator lever 13 to be operated from the off position to the on area (steps S2 to S4). When the power switch 12 is turned off without the accelerator lever 13 being operated to the on area in the standby mode (step S4), the process is ended. When the accelerator lever 13 is operated from the off position to the on area in the standby mode, the driving of the electric motor 20 is started, and the lever shift mode is entered in which it rotates at a speed corresponding to the operation position of the accelerator lever 13 (steps S5 to S5). S9).

In the lever shift mode process, the output state of the position detection sensor 41 is constantly checked (step S6). If there is an output fluctuation within 2 seconds, the lever shift mode is continued. If there is no output fluctuation after 2 seconds, the lever shift mode is forcibly stopped and the drive of the electric motor 20 is stopped (step). S10)
In the lever shift mode process, the remaining amount of the battery 7 is constantly checked (step S9), and the lamp units 14 and 15 that are lit are changed if the remaining amount of the battery varies.

  If the accelerator lever 13 is returned to the OFF position in the lever shift mode process (step S8), the driving of the electric motor 20 is stopped (step S10).

  When the speed fixing button 16 is turned on in the lever speed change mode process (step S7), a constant speed rotation mode in which the electric motor 20 is rotated at a constant speed at a speed when the constant speed mode is selected by the speed fixing button 16 is entered (step S7). Steps S11 to S14).

In the constant speed rotation mode process, the output state of the position detection sensor 41 is always checked (step S12), as in the lever shift mode process. If there is an output fluctuation within 2 seconds, the constant speed rotation mode is continued. If there is no output fluctuation even after 2 seconds, the constant speed rotation mode is forcibly stopped to stop driving the electric motor 20. (Steps S12 and S10)
In the constant speed rotation mode process, as in the lever speed change mode process, the remaining amount of the battery 7 is always checked (step S14). When the voltage is less than 22V, the empty lamp unit 15 is turned on and at the same time, the driving of the motor is stopped. If the remaining battery level varies, the lamp units 14 and 15 that are turned on are changed.

  If the fixed speed button 16 is pressed again in the constant speed rotation mode process, the constant speed rotation mode is canceled (step S13). Then, the driving of the electric motor 20 is stopped on the condition that the accelerator lever 13 is in the off position (steps S8 and S10). If the accelerator lever 13 is not in the off position, the lever shift mode is entered (steps S8, S9, S5 to S7).

  When the drive of the electric motor 20 is stopped (step S10), a standby mode is entered to wait for the accelerator lever 13 to be operated from the off position to the on area (steps S2 to S4).

  In the present embodiment, since the rotation on the front wheel 8 side in which the electric motor 20 is not incorporated is transmitted to the seeding means or the medicine spraying means by the interlocking means 46, the electric motor 20 is kept in a state where the front wheel 8 is lifted. Even if the direction is turned while moving, the feeding roller does not rotate and seeds or medicines are not fed out.

  As described above, in the seeder 1, since the electric motor 20 is built in the rear wheel 9, it is not necessary to provide a space for mounting the electric motor 20, and it is also necessary to provide a power transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the electric motor 20. Absent. Further, since the internal space of the rear wheel 9 having a sufficient size as a motor space is used as a space for the electric motor 20, the electric motor 20 having a high torque and a high speed can be mounted. From the above, the entire seeding machine can be made compact, and the torque and speed of the electric motor 20 can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, an accelerator lever 13 that changes the rotation speed of the electric motor 20 and a speed fixing switch 16 that keeps the rotation speed of the electric motor 20 constant are provided, and the constant speed mode is selected by the speed fixing switch 16. Then, the electric motor 20 was controlled to be driven at a constant speed at the speed when the constant speed mode was selected regardless of the position of the accelerator lever 13. Therefore, if the constant speed mode is selected by the speed fixing switch 16, the accelerator lever 13 can be driven at a constant speed without being maintained at a certain operation position, and thus it is easy to use.

  In the present embodiment, the rear wheel 9 incorporating the electric motor 20 has the motor shaft 20 a of the electric motor 20 supported by the main body frame 2, and a pair of outer ring bodies 22, 22 are fixed to the outer periphery of the electric motor 20. The pair of outer ring bodies 22 and 22 are configured to be exchangeable. Therefore, since the width of the rear wheel 9 incorporating the electric motor 20 can be easily changed, in the seeder 1 with auxiliary power, the vehicle body width can be easily changed. Thereby, it can respond easily to the number change of sowing.

  In the present embodiment, since the position detection sensor 41 is built in the electric motor 20 and the electric motor 20 is controlled to be forcibly stopped when the electric motor 20 stops for more than 2 seconds, the electric motor 20 is controlled. It is possible to prevent an excessive load from acting on.

  In the present embodiment, an accelerator lever 13 is provided on the first operation unit 10 on the right side of the seeding machine, and a speed fixing switch 16 is provided on the second operation unit 11 on the left side of the seeding machine, and the arrangement of the operation unit can be changed. The speed fixing switch 16 can be easily operated while operating the accelerator lever 13. Therefore, it is easy to change from the lever shift mode to the constant speed rotation mode, and it is easy to use.

  In the present embodiment, since the battery 7 is disposed right above the front wheel 8, the weight of the battery 7 acts on the front wheel 8 and the weight of the electric motor 20 acts on the rear wheel 9. The seeder 1 with auxiliary power having an excellent weight balance can be provided.

  According to the present embodiment, the electric motor 20 is built in the rear wheel 9. However, if the electric motor 20 is built in the front wheel 8 if the electric motor 20 is built in the front wheel 8 unless it sticks to the stock such as streak sowing, the front wheel 8 and the rear wheel Of course, the electric motor 20 may be built in both of these.

  In the present embodiment, the position detection sensor 41 is built in the electric motor 20, but it goes without saying that the position detection sensor 41 may be arranged outside the electric motor 20.

  In the present embodiment, the speed fixing switch 16 selects the constant speed mode by the pressing operation and can release the constant speed mode by the pressing operation again. However, the speed fixing switch 16 is not limited to this, and the speed fixing switch 16 is pressed. A mechanism may be adopted in which the constant speed mode is selected by an operation and the constant speed mode can be canceled when released.

  In the above embodiment, the fixed speed button and the flowchart related to the fixed speed button are necessary techniques when an accelerator lever that returns when the hand is released is used in consideration of safety of operation.

  In the above-described embodiment, an example using an accelerator lever that returns when the hand is released is shown. However, when an accelerator that maintains the accelerator position such as a dial is employed, the speed fixing switch 16 is not necessary.

1 shows an embodiment of the present invention and is an overall side view of a seeder. FIG. It is a side view which shows one Embodiment of this invention and shows a interlocking means. FIG. 2 is a front view of the main part of the handle, showing an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a perspective view of a rear wheel that includes an electric motor according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a process of assembling a rear wheel. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a process of assembling a rear wheel. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention and showing a process of assembling a rear wheel. It is one embodiment of the present invention and is a schematic control block diagram of a seeder. It is one Embodiment of this invention, and is an operation | movement flowchart of a seeder.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seeding machine 2 Main body frame 7 Battery 8 Front wheel 9 Rear wheel 13 Accelerator lever 16 Speed fixed switch 20 Electric motor 20a Motor shaft 22 Outer ring body 46 Interlocking means

Claims (3)

A battery (7) and an electric motor (20) driven by using the battery (7) as a power source are mounted, and at least one of the front wheel (8) and the rear wheel (9) is driven by the driving of the electric motor (20). A rotating seeder (1),
The seeding machine (1), wherein the electric motor (20) is built in at least one of the front wheel (8) and the rear wheel (9). A seeder (1) according to claim 1,
A seeder (1) characterized in that an angular position of the electric motor (20) is monitored by a controller with a signal from a position detection sensor, and overload prevention of the electric motor (20) is controlled by a controller (40). A seeder (1) according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein
The electric motor (20) is built in either the front wheel (8) or the rear wheel (9), and the front wheel (8) or the rear wheel (9) without the electric motor (20). A seeding machine characterized in that a feeding means for feeding seeds or medicines to any one of the two is linked via a linkage means, and the battery (7) is mounted on the upper part of the other.

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