JP2007241179A - Cover glass for display - Google Patents

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JP2007241179A
JP2007241179A JP2006067240A JP2006067240A JP2007241179A JP 2007241179 A JP2007241179 A JP 2007241179A JP 2006067240 A JP2006067240 A JP 2006067240A JP 2006067240 A JP2006067240 A JP 2006067240A JP 2007241179 A JP2007241179 A JP 2007241179A
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film
cover glass
refractive index
display
transparent conductive
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Koji Ikegami
耕司 池上
Toshimasa Kanai
敏正 金井
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Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd
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Nippon Electric Glass Co Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cover glass capable of preventing fog by bedewing and preventing reflection. <P>SOLUTION: The cover glass for display is characterized that an antireflection film including a transparent conduction film is formed and reflectivity is 0.5% or lower when light with wavelength of 500-600 nm is radiated with an incident angle of 30°. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、結露による曇りや反射光の写りこみを防止できるディスプレイ用カバーガラスに関するものである。   The present invention relates to a display cover glass that can prevent fogging due to condensation and reflection of reflected light.

ディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、破損や水等の汚れからディスプレイ本体を保護する役割を有している。   The display cover glass has a role of protecting the display main body from damage and dirt such as water.

また、例えば航空機の操縦席のモニターを覆うカバーガラスのように過酷な条件で使用されるディスプレイ用カバーガラスには、結露等で曇りが生じないことや、反射による写りこみがほとんどないことが要求される。   In addition, display cover glass used under harsh conditions such as the cover glass that covers the cockpit monitor of an aircraft, for example, is required to be free from fogging due to condensation or to be almost free from reflections. Is done.

従来、自動車のリアガラスのように結露や霜等の付着を防止する目的でディスプレイ用カバーガラスに電熱線が配設され、ジュール熱によって加熱するカバーガラスが提案されている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cover glass has been proposed in which a heating wire is disposed on a display cover glass and heated by Joule heat in order to prevent condensation, frost, and the like, like a rear glass of an automobile.

しかし、このカバーガラスは、金属線でモニターが見にくいため、金属線の替わりに透明導電膜(例えば、ITO膜)を成膜したヒーターガラスが提案されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
特開9−306647号公報
However, since this cover glass is difficult to see with a metal wire, a heater glass in which a transparent conductive film (for example, ITO film) is formed instead of the metal wire has been proposed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-306647

ところで、特許文献1に開示されているヒーターガラスは、透明導電膜が形成されているため可視光線の反射率が高く、周囲の景色がガラス表面で反射し、ディスプレイの画像が見にくいという問題を有していた。   By the way, the heater glass disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a problem that the transparent conductive film is formed so that the reflectance of visible light is high, the surrounding scenery is reflected on the glass surface, and the display image is difficult to see. Was.

本発明の目的は、結露による曇りを防止できるとともに、反射による写りこみを防止できるカバーガラスを提供することである。   An object of the present invention is to provide a cover glass that can prevent fogging due to condensation and can prevent reflection due to reflection.

本発明者等は、上記課題について鋭意検討を行なった結果、屈折率が2.0以上の少なくとも1つの高屈折率膜と屈折率が1.5以下の少なくとも1つの低屈折率膜からなる上層と下層に透明導電膜を挟んでなる反射防止膜をカバーガラスに形成すれば、結露による曇りを防止できるとともに、反射による写りこみを防止できることを突き止め、本発明として提案するものである。   As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventors have found that an upper layer comprising at least one high refractive index film having a refractive index of 2.0 or more and at least one low refractive index film having a refractive index of 1.5 or less. It is found that if an antireflection film having a transparent conductive film sandwiched between the lower layer and the lower layer is formed on the cover glass, fogging due to condensation can be prevented and reflection due to reflection can be prevented, which is proposed as the present invention.

すなわち、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、透明導電膜を含む反射防止膜が形成されており、波長500〜600nmの光が入射角30°で照射された場合、反射率が0.5%以下であることを特徴とする。   That is, the display cover glass of the present invention is formed with an antireflection film including a transparent conductive film. When light having a wavelength of 500 to 600 nm is irradiated at an incident angle of 30 °, the reflectance is 0.5% or less. It is characterized by being.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、透明導電膜に電流を導通することによって結露による曇りを防止できるとともに、反射率が低いため反射による写りこみを防止できる。すなわち、透明導電膜に電流を流すことによってジュール熱が発生するため、結露による曇りを防止できるとともに、透明導電膜を含む複数の層からなる反射防止膜が形成されているため反射による写りこみがほとんどない。   The display cover glass of the present invention can prevent fogging due to dew condensation by conducting a current through the transparent conductive film, and can prevent reflection due to reflection because of low reflectance. That is, since Joule heat is generated by passing a current through the transparent conductive film, it is possible to prevent fogging due to dew condensation, and since an antireflection film comprising a plurality of layers including the transparent conductive film is formed, reflection due to reflection is prevented. rare.

また、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、透明導電膜が形成されているため、帯電しにくく、ホコリ等がカバーガラスに付着しにくい。   In addition, since the display cover glass of the present invention is formed with a transparent conductive film, it is difficult to be charged and dust and the like are less likely to adhere to the cover glass.

また、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、透明導電膜が形成されているため、電磁波を遮蔽する能力も有する。   Moreover, since the transparent cover film is formed, the display cover glass of the present invention also has an ability to shield electromagnetic waves.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、波長500〜600nmの可視光線が入射角30°で照射された場合、反射率が0.5%以下であり、この反射率が低いほど反射による移りこみが少なくなるため好ましい。具体的には、反射率が0.3%以下、さらには0.2%以下であることが好ましい。   The cover glass for display of the present invention has a reflectance of 0.5% or less when visible light having a wavelength of 500 to 600 nm is irradiated at an incident angle of 30 °, and the lower the reflectance, the less the migration due to reflection. Therefore, it is preferable. Specifically, the reflectance is preferably 0.3% or less, and more preferably 0.2% or less.

なお、反射率は、ガラス基板に透明導電膜を形成した側から光を入射して測定したものである。   The reflectance is measured by making light incident from the side where the transparent conductive film is formed on the glass substrate.

また、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスにおいて、光の波長を500〜600nmに限定しているのは、この波長域の光が最も眩しく感じられるためである。   In the display cover glass of the present invention, the light wavelength is limited to 500 to 600 nm because light in this wavelength range is felt most dazzling.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、ガラス基板にソーダ石灰ガラス、ホウケイ酸ガラス、アルミノホウケイ酸ガラス等が使用可能である。また、化学強化や物理強化されたガラス基板を使用しても良い。   In the display cover glass of the present invention, soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, aluminoborosilicate glass, or the like can be used for the glass substrate. Further, a chemically strengthened or physically strengthened glass substrate may be used.

また、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、破損した際にガラスの破片が飛散しないように複数枚のガラス板を樹脂シートで貼り合わせた合わせガラス構造であっても良い。樹脂としては、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、フッ素樹脂等が使用可能である。   The display cover glass of the present invention may have a laminated glass structure in which a plurality of glass plates are bonded together with a resin sheet so that glass fragments do not scatter when broken. As the resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) resin, polycarbonate resin, fluororesin and the like can be used.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、波長400〜700nmの可視光線の平均透過率が80%以上であるとディスプレイの画像を明瞭に視認しやすいため好ましく、85%以上であるとより好ましい。なお、透過率の測定は、ガラス基板に透明導電膜を形成しなかった側から光を入射して測定したものである。   In the display cover glass of the present invention, the average transmittance of visible light having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm is preferably 80% or more because the display image is easily clearly seen, and more preferably 85% or more. The transmittance is measured by entering light from the side where the transparent conductive film is not formed on the glass substrate.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、屈折率ndが2以上の高屈折率膜と、屈折率ndが1.5以下の低屈折率膜とが交互に形成された上層と下層を有し、透明導電膜が上層と下層との間に形成されていると、合計の膜数を15以下にしやすいため容易に作製しやすい。   The display cover glass of the present invention has an upper layer and a lower layer in which a high refractive index film having a refractive index nd of 2 or more and a low refractive index film having a refractive index nd of 1.5 or less are alternately formed. If the conductive film is formed between the upper layer and the lower layer, the total number of films can be easily reduced to 15 or less, so that it is easy to manufacture.

なお、上層は、透明導電膜で反射する光を干渉によって弱める効果を有し、下層はガラス基板で反射する光を干渉によって弱める効果を有する。下層がなければ透明導電膜による反射とガラスによる反射を同時に弱めることが難しいため必須の構成である。   The upper layer has an effect of weakening light reflected by the transparent conductive film by interference, and the lower layer has an effect of weakening light reflected by the glass substrate by interference. If there is no lower layer, it is an essential configuration because it is difficult to weaken the reflection by the transparent conductive film and the reflection by the glass at the same time.

高屈折率膜がTiO2、Nb25、Ta25またはZrO2からなると、成膜性と耐候性に優れるため好ましい。 It is preferable that the high refractive index film is made of TiO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 or ZrO 2 because the film formability and weather resistance are excellent.

また、低屈折率膜がSiO2、MgF2またはCaF2からなると、膜材料が安価であるとともに成膜性に優れるため好ましい。 Further, it is preferable that the low refractive index film is made of SiO 2 , MgF 2 or CaF 2 because the film material is inexpensive and excellent in film formability.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、透明導電膜として金、銀、アルミニウム等の金属薄膜、スズ含有酸化インジウム(ITO)、アンチモン含有酸化スズ、フッ素含有酸化スズ、アルミニウム含有酸化亜鉛等の酸化物薄膜が使用可能であり、特にITOは、成膜が比較的容易であるとともに、ある電気伝導性を得るための膜厚において可視光線の透過率を高くできるため好ましい。   The cover glass for display according to the present invention is made of a metal thin film such as gold, silver or aluminum as a transparent conductive film, an oxide thin film such as tin-containing indium oxide (ITO), antimony-containing tin oxide, fluorine-containing tin oxide or aluminum-containing zinc oxide. In particular, ITO is preferable because it is relatively easy to form a film and can increase the transmittance of visible light at a film thickness for obtaining certain electrical conductivity.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスにおける第一の実施形態は、ガラス基板側から順番に10層からなる反射防止膜が形成されており、10〜150nmの低屈折率膜からなる第1層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第2層、10〜100nmの低屈折率膜からなる第3層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第4層、50〜200nmの透明導電膜からなる第5層、50〜200nmの低屈折率膜からなる第6層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第7層、5〜100nmの低屈折率膜からなる第8層、50〜200nmの高屈折率膜からなる第9層、50〜200nmの低屈折率膜からなる第10層を備えてなる。   In the first embodiment of the display cover glass of the present invention, an antireflection film consisting of 10 layers is formed in order from the glass substrate side, and the first layer consisting of a low refractive index film of 10 to 150 nm, A second layer composed of a high refractive index film of 50 nm, a third layer composed of a low refractive index film of 10 to 100 nm, a fourth layer composed of a high refractive index film of 1 to 50 nm, and a second layer composed of a transparent conductive film of 50 to 200 nm. 5 layers, 6th layer consisting of 50-200 nm low refractive index film, 7th layer consisting of 1-50 nm high refractive index film, 8th layer consisting of 5-100 nm low refractive index film, 50-200 nm high A ninth layer made of a refractive index film and a tenth layer made of a low refractive index film of 50 to 200 nm are provided.

また、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスにおける第二の実施形態は、ガラス基板側から順番に9層からなる反射防止膜が形成されており、10〜150nmの低屈折率膜からなる第1層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第2層、10〜100nmの低屈折率膜からなる第3層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第4層、50〜200nmの透明導電膜からなる第5層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第6層、5〜100nmの低屈折率膜からなる第7層、50〜200nmの高屈折率膜からなる第8層、50〜200nmの低屈折率膜からなる第9層を備えてなる。   Further, in the second embodiment of the display cover glass of the present invention, an antireflection film consisting of 9 layers is formed in order from the glass substrate side, and the first layer consisting of a low refractive index film of 10 to 150 nm, From a second layer composed of a high refractive index film of 1 to 50 nm, a third layer composed of a low refractive index film of 10 to 100 nm, a fourth layer composed of a high refractive index film of 1 to 50 nm, and a transparent conductive film of 50 to 200 nm A fifth layer consisting of a high refractive index film of 1 to 50 nm, a seventh layer consisting of a low refractive index film of 5 to 100 nm, an eighth layer consisting of a high refractive index film of 50 to 200 nm, and 50 to 200 nm. And a ninth layer made of a low refractive index film.

また、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスにおける第三の実施形態は、ガラス基板側から順番に8層からなる反射防止膜が形成されており、10〜150nmの低屈折率膜からなる第1層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第2層、10〜100nmの低屈折率膜からなる第3層、50〜200nmの透明導電膜からなる第4層、1〜50nmの高屈折率膜からなる第5層、5〜100nmの低屈折率膜からなる第6層、50〜200nmの高屈折率膜からなる第7層、50〜200nmの低屈折率膜からなる第8層を備えてなる。   Further, in the third embodiment of the display cover glass of the present invention, an antireflection film composed of 8 layers is formed in order from the glass substrate side, and a first layer composed of a low refractive index film of 10 to 150 nm, From a second layer composed of a high refractive index film of 1 to 50 nm, a third layer composed of a low refractive index film of 10 to 100 nm, a fourth layer composed of a transparent conductive film of 50 to 200 nm, and a high refractive index film of 1 to 50 nm A fifth layer consisting of a low refractive index film of 5 to 100 nm, a seventh layer consisting of a high refractive index film of 50 to 200 nm, and an eighth layer consisting of a low refractive index film of 50 to 200 nm. .

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、反射防止膜を構成する各膜をイオンプレーティング法、スパッタ法、真空蒸着法を用いて成膜することできるが、特に、スパッタ法を用いると、緻密な膜が形成でき、耐摩耗性に優れるため好ましい。   The cover glass for a display according to the present invention can be formed by using an ion plating method, a sputtering method, or a vacuum evaporation method to form each film constituting the antireflection film. In particular, when the sputtering method is used, a dense film is formed. Can be formed and is excellent in wear resistance.

本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスにおいて、ガラス基板の片面に反射防止膜を形成すれば所期の目的を達成できるが、両面に反射防止膜を形成するとディスプレイの画像が二重写りすることを防止できるため好ましい。   In the display cover glass of the present invention, the desired purpose can be achieved if an antireflection film is formed on one side of the glass substrate. However, if an antireflection film is formed on both sides, it is possible to prevent the display image from being duplicated. Therefore, it is preferable.

以下、実施例を用いて本発明を詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail using examples.

表1〜3は、それぞれ実施例1〜3の膜構成を示すものである。また、図1は実施例1の断面図であり、図2は実施例1〜3の入射角が30°のときの反射スペクトルを示すグラフである。   Tables 1 to 3 show the film configurations of Examples 1 to 3, respectively. 1 is a cross-sectional view of Example 1, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing a reflection spectrum when the incident angle of Examples 1 to 3 is 30 °.

Figure 2007241179
Figure 2007241179

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[実施例1]
図1に記載のように、ディスプレイ用カバーガラス1は200×200×2.0mmのガラス基板2(日本電気硝子製 OA−10)の表面に表1に記載の膜材質と膜厚になるようにスパッタ装置を用いて上層3、透明導電膜4、下層5が成膜されている。なお、上層3の膜は、ガラス基板2の両側ともガラス基板2、透明導電膜4および下層5よりも5mm狭い幅で成膜されており、透明導電膜4に電流を導通できるように電極6が形成されている。
[Example 1]
As shown in FIG. 1, the display cover glass 1 has a film material and film thickness shown in Table 1 on the surface of a glass substrate 2 (OA-10, manufactured by Nippon Electric Glass) having a size of 200 × 200 × 2.0 mm. The upper layer 3, the transparent conductive film 4, and the lower layer 5 are formed using a sputtering apparatus. Note that the film of the upper layer 3 is formed on both sides of the glass substrate 2 with a width narrower by 5 mm than the glass substrate 2, the transparent conductive film 4 and the lower layer 5, and the electrode 6 is formed so that current can be conducted to the transparent conductive film 4. Is formed.

[実施例2]
表2に記載の膜材質を、表2に記載の膜厚になるようにスパッタ装置を用いて成膜されている以外は、実施例1と同様に形成されている。
[Example 2]
The film materials shown in Table 2 are formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film materials shown in Table 2 are formed using a sputtering apparatus so as to have the film thicknesses shown in Table 2.

[実施例3]
表3に記載の膜材質を、表3に記載の膜厚になるようにスパッタ装置を用いて成膜されている以外は、実施例1と同様に形成されている。
[Example 3]
The film materials shown in Table 3 are formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the film materials shown in Table 3 are formed using a sputtering apparatus so as to have the film thicknesses shown in Table 3.

実施例1〜3のカバーガラスの成膜面に対して30°の方向から波長400〜700nmの可視光線を入射して、反射した可視光線の反射率を分光光度計(日立製作所製 U-4000)を用いて測定した。その結果を図2に示す。   Visible light having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm was incident on the cover glass film-forming surface of Examples 1 to 3 from a direction of 30 °, and the reflectance of the reflected visible light was measured with a spectrophotometer (U-4000 manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.). ). The result is shown in FIG.

また、平均透過率は、成膜しなかった面側からカバーガラスに対して垂直に波長400〜700nmの可視光線を入射して、透過した可視光線の透過率を分光光度計(日立製作所製 U−4000)を用いて測定した。   Further, the average transmittance is obtained by measuring the transmittance of visible light transmitted through a visible light having a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm perpendicularly to the cover glass from the side where the film was not formed. -4000).

また、5分後温度は、20℃の恒温槽に24時間保管した実施例1〜3のカバーガラスに交流100Vの電圧を印加し、5分経過後のカバーガラスの温度を赤外線温度計で測定した。30℃以上であれば充分結露を防止できるものと考えられるため「○」とし、30℃未満の場合「×」として評価した。以上を表4に示す。   The temperature after 5 minutes was measured by applying an AC voltage of 100 V to the cover glasses of Examples 1 to 3 stored in a constant temperature bath at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, and measuring the temperature of the cover glass after 5 minutes with an infrared thermometer. did. Since it was considered that condensation could be sufficiently prevented at 30 ° C. or higher, it was evaluated as “◯”, and when it was below 30 ° C., it was evaluated as “x”. The above is shown in Table 4.

Figure 2007241179
Figure 2007241179

図2から明らかなように、実施例1〜3のカバーガラスは、波長500〜600nmの可視光線の30°反射率がいずれも0.3%以下であった。   As is apparent from FIG. 2, the cover glasses of Examples 1 to 3 each had a 30 ° reflectance of visible light having a wavelength of 500 to 600 nm of 0.3% or less.

また、表4から明らかなように、平均透過率はいずれも85%以上であり、5分後のカバーガラスの温度はいずれも30℃以上であった。   Further, as apparent from Table 4, the average transmittance was 85% or higher for all, and the temperature of the cover glass after 5 minutes was 30 ° C. or higher.

以上のように、本発明のディスプレイ用カバーガラスは、特に、屋外のディスプレイ、航空機や船舶の操縦席のディスプレイ用カバーガラスとして好適である。   As described above, the display cover glass of the present invention is particularly suitable as an outdoor display or a display cover glass for a cockpit of an aircraft or a ship.

実施例1の構成を示す断面図である。1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of Example 1. FIG. 実施例1〜3の30°反射スペクトルを示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the 30 degree reflection spectrum of Examples 1-3.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 ディスプレイ用カバーガラス
2 ガラス基板
3 上層
4 透明導電膜
5 下層
6 電極
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Display cover glass 2 Glass substrate 3 Upper layer 4 Transparent conductive film 5 Lower layer 6 Electrode

Claims (5)

ガラス基板に透明導電膜を含む反射防止膜が形成されており、波長500〜600nmの光が入射角30°で照射された場合、反射率が0.5%以下であることを特徴とするディスプレイ用カバーガラス。   An antireflection film including a transparent conductive film is formed on a glass substrate, and the reflectance is 0.5% or less when light having a wavelength of 500 to 600 nm is irradiated at an incident angle of 30 °. Cover glass. 反射防止膜は、屈折率ndが2以上の少なくとも1つの高屈折率膜と、屈折率ndが1.5以下の少なくとも1つの低屈折率膜とが交互に形成された上層と下層を有し、透明導電膜が上層と下層との間に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のディスプレイ用カバーガラス。   The antireflection film has an upper layer and a lower layer in which at least one high refractive index film having a refractive index nd of 2 or more and at least one low refractive index film having a refractive index nd of 1.5 or less are alternately formed. The display cover glass according to claim 1, wherein a transparent conductive film is formed between the upper layer and the lower layer. 高屈折率膜が、TiO2、Nb25、Ta25およびZrO2からなる群より選ばれた1種または2種以上の材料からなることを特徴とする請求項2に記載のディスプレイ用カバーガラス。 High refractive index film, display of claim 2, characterized in that it consists of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of TiO 2, Nb 2 O 5, Ta 2 O 5 and ZrO 2 Cover glass. 低屈折率膜が、SiO2、MgF2およびCaF2からなる群より選ばれた1種または2種以上の材料からなることを特徴とする請求項2または3に記載のディスプレイ用カバーガラス。 The display cover glass according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the low refractive index film is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of SiO 2 , MgF 2 and CaF 2 . 透明導電膜がスズ含有酸化インジウムからなることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のディスプレイ用カバーガラス。   5. The display cover glass according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film is made of tin-containing indium oxide.
JP2006067240A 2006-03-13 2006-03-13 Cover glass for display Pending JP2007241179A (en)

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Cited By (1)

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KR20100110734A (en) 2009-04-03 2010-10-13 니시야마 스테인레스 케미컬 가부시키가이샤 Glass substrate for an electronic device and method for manufacturing an electronic device

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JPH1048402A (en) * 1996-08-02 1998-02-20 Sony Corp Optical element or device, their production, and equipment for production therefor
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0634802A (en) * 1992-07-20 1994-02-10 Fuji Photo Optical Co Ltd Conductive antireflection film
JPH1048402A (en) * 1996-08-02 1998-02-20 Sony Corp Optical element or device, their production, and equipment for production therefor
JPH1173119A (en) * 1997-03-24 1999-03-16 Konica Corp Antireflection coat having electromagnetic wave shield effect and optical member having antireflection coat
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20100110734A (en) 2009-04-03 2010-10-13 니시야마 스테인레스 케미컬 가부시키가이샤 Glass substrate for an electronic device and method for manufacturing an electronic device

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