JP2007229823A - Processing machine having conveying function and processing line using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a processing machine capable of more effectively utilizing a space inside a factory by saving an installation space for a device dedicated to conveyance with the installation of a work posture conversion device or a conveyor and a processing line using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The processing machine having a table 18 that supports the work W, a processing tool 17 that machines the work W, and a spindle 14 by which the processing tool 17 is detachably gripped, and the spindle 14 machines the work W while moving to the work W, wherein a detachable work grip holder 19 is provided to the spindle 14, and a posture conversion of the work is performed by utilizing a rotational force of the spindle 14, with the work W gripped with the work grip holder 19. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing machine unit and a processing line in which processing machines are arranged, and has a workpiece transfer function.

As a conveying form in conventional machining, a plurality of processing machines are arranged side by side in which a work gripper that grips a work on a processing line in which processing machines are arranged as described in Patent Document 1 is detachably attached to a tool holding unit. In addition, there is a processing line that is provided so as to be movable with respect to the line, and in which a robot for transporting the workpiece, placing the workpiece, and taking out the workpiece is provided for each processing machine.
JP-A-2005-46917

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, it is possible to grip and take out a workpiece using a holder-type gripper, but the posture change of the workpiece and the transfer of the workpiece are provided at the front part of each processing machine. These tasks are performed by robots. In this configuration, the space for the transfer device or the installation cost of the robot or workpiece posture changing device is increased, and it cannot be said that the processing line is efficient.

  Therefore, the present invention was created to solve such problems, and it eliminates the installation space for the dedicated device for transportation by installing the posture changing device or the transportation device, and more effectively uses the space in the factory. An object of the present invention is to provide a processing machine and a processing line that can eliminate the power source dedicated to workpiece transfer and posture conversion, and can reduce the installation cost of the robot and the workpiece posture conversion device. .

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 includes a table for supporting a workpiece, a machining tool for machining the workpiece, and a spindle on which the machining tool is detachably gripped. In a processing machine that processes a workpiece while the spindle moves relative to the workpiece, the workpiece includes a workpiece gripping holder that can be attached to and detached from the spindle, and holds the workpiece with the workpiece gripping holder. The gist is to change the posture of the workpiece using the rotational force of the spindle.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plurality of horizontal machining centers provided with the horizontal main spindle in the processing machine according to the first aspect and vertical machining centers provided with the vertical main spindle in the processing machine according to the first aspect. The processing lines are arranged side by side, and the gist is that the vertical machining centers and the horizontal machining centers are alternately arranged.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the processing line according to the second aspect, a plurality of columns corresponding to the plurality of machining centers are independently provided in the left and right axial directions on the bed via a common guide means. The table is arranged in front of each column, and the workpiece gripping holder gripped by the main shaft is capable of turning the workpiece to be processed and adjacent to the table. The gist is that it can be transported.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the processing line according to the second aspect, a plurality of columns corresponding to the plurality of machining centers are independently provided in the left and right axial directions on the bed via a common guide means. A common table is arranged in front of the columns of the adjacent vertical machining center and the horizontal machining center, and the workpiece gripping holder gripped by the spindle is a workpiece to be processed. The gist is that the workpiece can be turned and conveyed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the processing line according to the second to fourth aspects, the plurality of columns corresponding to the plurality of machining centers are fixed on the bed, and the table provided in front of each column. The gist is that they are mounted so as to be able to reciprocate independently in the left and right axial directions via a common guide means.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the processing line according to the second aspect, the bed is divided for each processing machine, and the guide surface in the left-right direction and a part of the drive source are separated from the divided bed. The gist is that the overhanging portion of each guide surface can be overlapped with the adjacent processing machine.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is no need for a drive source and a drive mechanism for changing the posture of a workpiece to be machined between a machining machine and a machining machine that performs the next process or a table that supports the workpiece. Therefore, it is effective for space saving of the machine body.

  In addition, according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the postures of the workpieces are mutually changed between the adjacent vertical machining center and the horizontal machining center, for example, in the case of a cubic workpiece, all surfaces have no turning mechanism. Processing becomes possible, and space saving and cost reduction of the processing line are possible.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the conveyance movement can be performed by the machine body in addition to the rotation movement, it is not necessary to provide a conveyance apparatus or a rotation apparatus, and the entire processing line can be reduced in size and space can be saved. It becomes.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the number of tables used in the processing line can be reduced, so that the cost associated with the installation of the tables can be reduced.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the workpiece can be conveyed by the table without using the workpiece gripping arm at the time of conveying the workpiece, so that there is an effect of increasing a sense of stability during the workpiece conveyance.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, since the distance in the left-right direction can be further shortened, significant effects can be obtained with respect to downsizing and space saving of the entire processing line. Further, since the vibrations of adjacent machines are not transmitted because the bed is divided, there is an effect of preventing the vibration of the machine body.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of front and rear first guide rails 2 as guide means are laid on the upper surface of the bed 1 so as to be parallel to each other and directed in the left and right (horizontal) direction. On this guide rail 2, a first machining machine 3 of a vertical machining center having a vertical spindle as a machining machine and a second machining machine 4 of a horizontal machining center having a horizontal spindle as a machining machine can move in three orthogonal directions. Is provided.

Next, the configuration of each processing machine will be described in detail with reference to FIG. This processing machine is a second processing machine 4 having a horizontal main shaft. A first saddle 6 is mounted on the first guide rail 2 so as to reciprocate in the left-right direction. A first motor 5 and a ball screw (not shown) connected to the first motor 5 via a coupling are provided on the upper surface of the bed 1 so as to be positioned between the first guide rails 2. Yes. The first motor 5 and the ball screw are provided in each processing machine. The first motor 5 and the ball screw connected to the first motor 5 serve as driving means for moving the first saddle 6 in the left-right direction. On the upper surface of the first saddle 6, a pair of left and right second guide rails 7 as guide means are laid in parallel to each other and directed in the front-rear (horizontal) direction. As shown in FIG. 2, a column 8 is mounted on the second guide rail 7 so as to be capable of reciprocating in the front-rear direction. The upper surface of the first saddle 6 is provided with a second motor 9 and a ball screw (not shown) connected to the second motor 9 via a coupling so as to be positioned between the second guide rails 7. It has been. The second motor 9 and the ball screw connected to the second motor 9 serve as driving means for moving the column 8 in the front-rear direction. A pair of left and right third guide rails 10 as guide means are laid on the front end surface of the column 8 so as to be parallel to each other and directed in the vertical (vertical) direction. As shown in FIG. 2, a second saddle 11 is mounted on the third guide rail 10 so as to reciprocate in the vertical direction. A front surface of the column 8 is provided with a third motor 12 and a ball screw (not shown) connected to the third motor 12 via a coupling so as to be positioned between the third guide rails 10. Yes. The third motor 12 and the ball screw connected to the third motor 12 serve as driving means for moving the second saddle 11 in the vertical direction.

  A spindle head 13 is provided on the second saddle 11 so as to be oriented in the front-rear (horizontal) direction. A spindle 14 is rotatably provided inside the spindle head 13 via a bearing (not shown). The spindle motor 15 is connected to the rear end portion of the main shaft 14 through a coupling (not shown). The main shaft 14 rotates using the spindle motor 15 as a driving means. An insertion hole for inserting a shank portion of a tool holder 16 that holds a processing tool 17 such as a drill, a tap, a reamer, a boring bar, and a milling cutter is provided in the front end portion of the main shaft 14. Although not shown, a clamping mechanism for clamping the tool holder 16 is provided. As a result, the tool holder 16 held by the spindle 14 can be exchanged with another tool holder 16 provided in a tool magazine (not shown).

A table 18 is provided in front of each processing machine 3, 4 in the bed 1, and a workpiece W to be processed is placed on the upper surface of the table 18. The workpiece W is fixed by a clamp arm (not shown) provided on the table 18 and is processed by the processing tool 17.

  In addition to the tool holder 16, a work gripping holder 19 is detachably mounted on the spindle 14 as shown in FIG. The workpiece gripping holder 19 has a shank portion having a shape common to the shank portion of the tool holder 16, and a workpiece gripping arm 19 a instead of the processing tool 17 at the tip portion. The workpiece gripping arm 19a can be opened and closed to grip the workpiece W, and the workpiece W gripped by the rotation of the spindle 14 can be turned.

  In contrast, the first processing machine 3 is different in that a spindle head 13 is provided in a vertical direction with respect to the second saddle 11 as shown in FIG.

Next, the operation of the machining system configured as shown in FIG. 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the unprocessed workpiece W moves the first processing machine 3 to the first workpiece stocker 20 on the left side of the bed 1 by driving the first motor 5. Thereafter, the unprocessed workpiece W is gripped by the first workpiece stocker 20 and then moved to a position corresponding to the first table 21. After the workpiece W is placed on the first table 21, it is moved onto the first table 21 by a clamping mechanism (not shown). To fix the workpiece W. Next, the workpiece holding holder 19 held by the spindle 14 of the first processing machine 3 and the tool holder 16 held by a magazine (not shown) are exchanged via a tool changing mechanism, and the workpiece 17 is processed by the machining tool 17 of the tool holder 16. Process W. When the processing of the workpiece W by the first processing machine 3 is finished, the tool holder 16 and the workpiece gripping holder 19 are exchanged again to release the clamped state of the workpiece W, and after the workpiece W is gripped by the workpiece gripping holder 19 The workpiece W is turned 90 ° from the state (a) in FIG. 5 to the state (b) in FIG. 5 by the rotational force of the main shaft 14, and the first processing machine 3 is moved to a position corresponding to the second table 22. Thereafter, the workpiece W is placed on the second table 22 and clamped by a clamp mechanism provided in the second table 22. Thereafter, the first processing machine 3 returns to the original position and the workpiece W is processed by the second processing machine 4. After the processing of the workpiece W is completed, the tool holder 16 held by the spindle 14 of the second processing machine 4 and the workpiece holding holder 19 are exchanged. The workpiece holding holder 19 holds the workpiece W, and the second processing machine 4 is moved. The workpiece W is transferred from the second processing machine 4 to the second workpiece stocker 23 by moving to a position corresponding to the second workpiece stocker 23 and releasing the grip of the workpiece W.

According to the processing system in the above embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In the above embodiment, the work holding holder 19 and the tool holder 16 that can be attached to and detached from the main spindle 14 of each processing machine can be exchanged on a processing line in which a plurality of processing machines are arranged. In addition, since the first guide rail 2 is made common in each processing machine and can be moved to the range of the next process (previous process), the work W can be transported without using a dedicated transport apparatus. As a result, the installation space for the processing line can be greatly reduced, and the cost for the transfer device can also be reduced.

(2) In the above embodiment, since the workpiece W gripped by the workpiece gripping holder 19 can be turned by the rotation of the spindle 14, the posture conversion of the workpiece W can be performed without using the workpiece posture changing device. . As a result, it is not necessary to provide a posture change device for the workpiece W in the line, so that the processing line length and installation space can be reduced. Furthermore, the installation cost of the processing line can be reduced as compared with the provision of the posture changing device.

(3) In the above-described embodiment, the work grip holder 19 and the tool holder 16 that can be attached to and detached from the main spindle 14 of each processing machine in a processing line in which the first processing machine 3 with the vertical main spindle and the second processing machine 4 with the horizontal main spindle are arranged. And can be exchanged. In addition, since the first guide rail 2 is made common to each processing machine so that it can be moved to the range of the next process (previous process), the processing surface to be processed can be processed without a transfer device or a posture changing device. it can.

In addition, you may change the said embodiment as follows.
After the processing of the workpiece W by the second processing machine 4, the workpiece W is gripped by the workpiece gripping holder 19, and after turning, the second processing machine 4 is moved again to a position corresponding to the first table 21. Machining the raw surface of Thereafter, the workpiece W can be gripped and turned again in the same manner, transferred to the second table 22, and another unmachined surface of the workpiece W can be machined.

By repeating the steps in the above embodiment several times, the entire surface of the workpiece W can be processed without using a transfer device or a posture changing device.

-It is also possible to add a number of processing machines to the next process of the second processing machine 4 in the order of vertical and horizontal, so that a plurality of workpieces W can be processed in order without reversing the process. is there.

According to the above-described embodiment, a plurality of workpieces W can be processed at a time on the processing line, and a processing line capable of processing the entire surface of the workpiece W can be configured.

-As shown in FIG. 6, you may make it provide one common table with respect to two processing machines. In this embodiment, after processing the workpiece W with the processing tool 17 by the first processing machine 3, the workpiece replacement holder 19 is replaced with the tool changing mechanism, and the workpiece W is rotated by the workpiece gripping holder 19, After the workpiece W is placed on the first table 21 again, the first processing machine 3 is retracted, and then the workpiece W is processed by the second processing machine 4. After the replacement, the workpiece W is turned and conveyed and placed on the second table 22 by the second processing machine 4, and the unprocessed surface is processed by the third processing machine 24 and the fourth processing machine 25.

According to the embodiment, the number of tables used for the processing line can be reduced. This can reduce the installation cost of the table.

As shown in FIG. 7, the first guide rail 2 may be laid under the table 18. In this case, the table 18 is installed so as to be capable of reciprocating left and right. The first motor 5 for driving the table 18 and the ball screw connected to the first motor 5 are provided between the pair of first guide rails 2. The first motor 5 and one set of ball screws connected to the first motor 5 may be provided in the entire processing line and all tables may be moved in synchronization. However, each table is provided individually and controlled individually. You may do it.

According to the above-described embodiment, when the workpiece W is transported, it is not necessary to grip the workpiece W with the workpiece gripping arm 19a. Therefore, there is little risk of dropping the workpiece W, and stable transport is possible.

-As shown in FIG. 8, the form which the both ends of the 1st guide rail 2 of adjacent processing machines overhang from the bed 1 and overlapped may be sufficient. As a result, the length in the left-right direction on the processing line is significantly shortened compared to the other embodiments.

According to the embodiment, the line length of the processing line can be greatly shortened and the installation space for the processing line can be further reduced.

The front view which shows the processing machine of this invention. The side view in the processing machine with the horizontal main axis | shaft of this invention. The side view in the processing machine with the vertical main axis | shaft of this invention. The top view which shows the processing line in the Example in this invention. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view around the spindle head in FIG. 3. The top view which shows the processing line in other embodiment of this invention. The top view which shows the processing line in other embodiment of this invention. The top view of the bed in the processing line in other embodiments of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bed, 2 ... 1st guide rail, 3 ... 1st processing machine, 4 ... 2nd processing machine, 6 ... 1st saddle, 8 ... Column, 11 ... 2nd saddle, 13 ... Spindle head, 14 ... Spindle, 16 ... Tool holder, 18 ... Table, 19 ... Work gripping holder, 19a ... Arm part.

Claims (6)

A table for supporting a workpiece, a machining tool for machining the workpiece, and a spindle on which the machining tool is detachably attached, and machining the workpiece while the spindle moves relative to the workpiece. In processing machines that perform
A processing machine comprising a workpiece gripping holder that is attachable to and detachable from the spindle, and performing workpiece posture conversion using the rotational force of the spindle while gripping the workpiece with the workpiece gripping holder. A machining line having a configuration in which a plurality of horizontal machining centers provided with a horizontal spindle in the processing machine according to claim 1 and a plurality of vertical machining centers provided with a vertical spindle in the processing machine according to claim 1 are arranged on a bed, A processing line, wherein the vertical machining center and the horizontal machining center are alternately arranged. 3. The processing line according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of columns corresponding to the plurality of machining centers are mounted on the bed so as to be reciprocally movable independently in the left and right axial directions through a common guide means. The table is arranged in front of each column, and the workpiece gripping holder gripped by the spindle enables the workpiece to be processed to be turned and transported to an adjacent table. Processing line. 3. The processing line according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of columns corresponding to the plurality of machining centers are mounted on the bed so as to be reciprocally movable independently in the left and right axial directions through a common guide means. In addition, one common table is arranged in front of the columns of the adjacent vertical machining center and horizontal machining center, and the workpiece gripping holder gripped by the spindle enables the workpiece to be machined to be rotated and transported. A processing line characterized by that. 5. The processing line according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of columns corresponding to the plurality of machining centers are fixed on the bed, and the table provided in front of each column is connected to the left and right through a common guide means. A machining line that is mounted so as to be able to reciprocate independently in one axial direction. 3. The processing line according to claim 2, wherein the bed is divided for each processing machine, and the left and right guide surfaces and a part of the drive source are overhanging from the divided beds, A processing line characterized in that the overhang can be overlapped with adjacent processing machines.

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