JP2007187366A - Heat pump water heater - Google Patents
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- JP2007187366A JP2007187366A JP2006004522A JP2006004522A JP2007187366A JP 2007187366 A JP2007187366 A JP 2007187366A JP 2006004522 A JP2006004522 A JP 2006004522A JP 2006004522 A JP2006004522 A JP 2006004522A JP 2007187366 A JP2007187366 A JP 2007187366A
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本発明は、ヒートポンプの能力制御と制御装置の冷却とを両立できるファンを備えたヒートポンプ給湯機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a heat pump water heater provided with a fan capable of achieving both capacity control of a heat pump and cooling of a control device.
パソコンに代表されるように、半導体等の電子機器類は動作中に自身が発熱するため、温度上昇による動作の不具合を防止するために発熱部分に何らかの冷却手段を設けるのが一般的である。前述のパソコンでは、冷却用ファンを用いた空冷式や、水を循環させる水冷式が知られている。 As represented by a personal computer, since electronic devices such as semiconductors generate heat during operation, it is common to provide some cooling means in the heat generation part in order to prevent malfunctions due to temperature rise. In the above personal computer, an air cooling method using a cooling fan and a water cooling method for circulating water are known.
ヒートポンプのように圧縮機を制御するパワーモジュールを有する機器では特に発熱量が大きいため、ヒートシンクと呼ばれる放熱フィンを送風回路内に設置する方法がとられる。このように、ヒートポンプの能力制御と制御装置の冷却とを両立できるファンを備えた従来の空調機として、図４に示すようなものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 In a device having a power module that controls the compressor, such as a heat pump, the amount of heat generated is particularly large. Therefore, a method of installing a radiation fin called a heat sink in the blower circuit is used. As shown in FIG. 4, there is a conventional air conditioner including a fan capable of achieving both heat pump capacity control and control device cooling (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
図４に示すように、この空調機は、ケーシング１０１内に熱交換器１０２，熱交換器１０２に送風するファン１０３，ファン１０３を駆動するファンモータ１０４を備えており、ファン１０３の送風量を変化させることにより熱交換器１０２の熱交換量、即ち空調機の能力制御を行っている。 As shown in FIG. 4, this air conditioner includes a heat exchanger 102 in the casing 101, a fan 103 that blows air to the heat exchanger 102, and a fan motor 104 that drives the fan 103. By changing, the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger 102, that is, the capacity control of the air conditioner is performed.
また、ファン１０３の送風経路途中には放熱器１０５が備えられており、制御装置の半導体１０６で発生した熱が放熱器１０５を介して空気中に放熱されて半導体１０６が冷却される。このように送風経路内に放熱器１０５を備えることにより、半導体１０６の冷却専用の手段を講じることなく、空調機の能力制御と制御装置の半導体１０６の冷却とを両立させることができる。 In addition, a radiator 105 is provided in the middle of the blowing path of the fan 103, and heat generated in the semiconductor 106 of the control device is dissipated into the air via the radiator 105 to cool the semiconductor 106. By providing the radiator 105 in the air blowing path in this manner, it is possible to achieve both the capacity control of the air conditioner and the cooling of the semiconductor 106 of the control device without taking measures for cooling the semiconductor 106.
また、従来の貯湯タンクを有するヒートポンプ給湯機は、圧縮機、水冷媒熱交換器、減圧手段、蒸発器を順次接続して冷媒を循環させる冷媒循環回路と、前記水冷媒熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯蔵する貯湯タンクとを一つの筐体内に収納して構成していた。 Further, a heat pump water heater having a conventional hot water storage tank is heated by a refrigerant circulation circuit for circulating a refrigerant by sequentially connecting a compressor, a water refrigerant heat exchanger, a decompression means, and an evaporator, and the water refrigerant heat exchanger. A hot water storage tank for storing hot water is housed in a single housing.
上記筐体内では、貯湯タンクが左右どちらか一方に配置されているとともに、冷媒循環回路と蒸発器に送風を行うファンがもう一方に配置されている。さらに、冷媒循環回路及びファンの上方には各種センサーからの入力を受けつけ、圧縮機等のアクチュエータを制御する制御基板が配置されている。そして、上記ファンは蒸発器に送風を行うとともに、発熱した制御基板を冷却している（例えば、特許文献２参照）。
ところで、上記のような冷媒循環回路と貯湯タンクとを一つの筐体内に収納するヒートポンプ給湯機は、設置のための省スペース化を図ることができるので、日本の狭小な住宅事情を考慮すると、今後もより一層の小型化が望まれる。 By the way, since the heat pump water heater that houses the refrigerant circulation circuit and the hot water storage tank as described above in a single housing can save space for installation, considering the small housing situation in Japan, In the future, further miniaturization is desired.
筐体全体の小型化を実現するためには、貯湯タンクの小型化と、貯湯量減少に伴う湯切れを回避するためのヒートポンプ加熱能力向上が不可欠となる。 In order to reduce the size of the entire casing, it is essential to reduce the size of the hot water storage tank and improve the heat pump heating capacity to avoid running out of hot water due to the decrease in the amount of hot water storage.
ヒートポンプの加熱能力を向上させるためには空気中から冷媒に多くの熱量を取り込む必要があるため、蒸発器の大型化や高効率化、及び蒸発器に対してより多くの送風を行わなければならない。また、ヒートポンプの加熱能力が向上すると圧縮機の容量が増大するために、圧縮機を制御・駆動する制御基板に対する負荷も増大して制御基板自体が発熱するので、ファンの回転数を多くして制御基板の冷却を行わなければならない。 In order to improve the heating capacity of the heat pump, it is necessary to take in a large amount of heat from the air into the refrigerant. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the size and efficiency of the evaporator and to blow more air to the evaporator. . In addition, since the capacity of the compressor increases as the heating capacity of the heat pump increases, the load on the control board that controls and drives the compressor also increases and the control board itself generates heat. The control board must be cooled.
しかし、特に外気温度が高い場合、蒸発器への送風が多くなり過ぎると、圧縮機の吐出圧力が異常に上昇し、冷媒循環回路の故障の原因となってしまう。逆に、蒸発器への送風が少なくなると、制御基板の冷却が不十分となり、制御基板が高温化して故障の原因となってしまう。 However, particularly when the outside air temperature is high, if the amount of air blown to the evaporator becomes excessive, the discharge pressure of the compressor rises abnormally, causing a failure of the refrigerant circulation circuit. On the other hand, when the air flow to the evaporator is reduced, the control board is not sufficiently cooled, and the control board is heated to cause a failure.
本発明は、前記従来の課題を解決するもので、ヒートポンプの能力制御と制御基板（制御装置）の冷却とを両立できるヒートポンプ給湯機を提供することを目的とする。 This invention solves the said conventional subject, and it aims at providing the heat pump water heater which can make the capability control of a heat pump and cooling of a control board (control apparatus) compatible.
前記従来の課題を解決するために、本発明のヒートポンプ給湯機は、圧縮機と給湯熱交換器の冷媒側配管と膨張弁と蒸発器とを環状に接続して形成したヒートポンプユニットと、貯湯タンクと水循環ポンプと給湯熱交換器の水側配管とを環状に接続して形成したタンクユニットと、前記ヒートポンプユニットと前記タンクユニットを制御する制御基板と、前記制御基板と前記制御基板を冷却する冷却部とからなるユニット制御装置とを備えたヒートポンプ給湯機において、前記蒸発器に送風を行う第１ファン及び第２ファンを備え、外気温度が所定温度よりも高い場合に、前記ユニット制御装置に対して近接している前記第１ファンの回転数を、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある前記第２ファンの回転数よりも大きくしたものである。これにより、前記冷却部近傍の送風量が確保されて、ヒートポンプの能力制御と制御装置の冷却とを両立できる。 In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, a heat pump water heater of the present invention includes a heat pump unit formed by annularly connecting a compressor, a refrigerant side pipe of a hot water supply heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, and a hot water storage tank. A tank unit formed by annularly connecting a water circulation pump and a water-side pipe of a hot water supply heat exchanger, a control board for controlling the heat pump unit and the tank unit, and cooling for cooling the control board and the control board A heat pump water heater comprising a unit control device comprising: a first fan and a second fan for blowing air to the evaporator; and when the outside air temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, The rotation speed of the first fan that is close to each other is higher than the rotation speed of the second fan that is farther from the first fan than the unit control device. Those who listen. Thereby, the air flow rate in the vicinity of the cooling unit is ensured, and it is possible to achieve both the capacity control of the heat pump and the cooling of the control device.
２台のファンのうち、ユニット制御装置の冷却部の近傍にあるファンの回転数を、他方のファンの回転数よりも大きくすることにより、冷却部近傍の送風量が確保されるため、ヒートポンプの能力制御と制御装置の冷却とを両立でき、制御装置の信頼性が向上する。 Of the two fans, by making the rotation speed of the fan near the cooling section of the unit control device larger than the rotation speed of the other fan, the amount of air blown near the cooling section is secured, so the heat pump Capability control and cooling of the control device can both be achieved, and the reliability of the control device is improved.
第１の発明は、圧縮機と給湯熱交換器の冷媒側配管と膨張弁と蒸発器とを環状に接続して形成したヒートポンプユニットと、貯湯タンクと水循環ポンプと給湯熱交換器の水側配管とを環状に接続して形成したタンクユニットと、前記ヒートポンプユニットと前記タンクユニットを制御する制御基板と、前記制御基板と前記制御基板を冷却する冷却部とからなるユニット制御装置とを備えたヒートポンプ給湯機において、前記蒸発器に送風を行う第１ファン及び第２ファンを備え、外気温度が所定温度よりも高い場合に、前記ユニット制御装置に対して近接している前記第１ファンの回転数を、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある前記第２ファンの回転数よりも大きくしたことにより、前記蒸発器を通過する風量が減少した場合でも前記冷却部近傍の風速を確保して前記制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 A first invention is a heat pump unit formed by annularly connecting a refrigerant side pipe, an expansion valve, and an evaporator of a compressor, a hot water supply heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank, a water circulation pump, and a water side pipe of a hot water supply heat exchanger. A heat pump comprising: a tank unit formed by connecting a ring unit; a control board that controls the heat pump unit and the tank unit; and a unit control device that includes the control board and a cooling unit that cools the control board. The water heater includes a first fan and a second fan for blowing air to the evaporator, and when the outside air temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, the rotation speed of the first fan that is close to the unit control device Is larger than the rotational speed of the second fan located farther than the first fan with respect to the unit controller, so that the amount of air passing through the evaporator is increased. The malfunction caused by temperature rise of the control board can be prevented to ensure the wind speed of the cooling in the vicinity even when a little.
第２の発明は、外気温度が所定温度よりも高い場合に、ユニット制御装置に対して近接している第１ファンを運転し、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある前記第２ファンを停止することにより、蒸発器を通過する風量が減少した場合でも前記冷却部近傍の風速を確保して前記制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the outside air temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, the first fan that is close to the unit control device is operated, and is located farther from the first fan than the unit control device. By stopping the second fan, even when the amount of air passing through the evaporator is reduced, it is possible to secure the air speed in the vicinity of the cooling unit and prevent malfunction due to the temperature rise of the control board.
第３の発明は、外気温度が所定温度よりも高い場合に、ユニット制御装置に対して近接している第１ファンの回転数を変更せず、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファン
よりも遠方にある前記第２ファンの回転数を小さくするので、蒸発器を通過する風量が減少した場合でも前記冷却部近傍の風速を確保して前記制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。
According to a third aspect of the present invention, when the outside air temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, the number of rotations of the first fan that is close to the unit control device is not changed, and the unit control device uses the first fan. However, since the rotational speed of the second fan located far away is reduced, even when the amount of air passing through the evaporator is reduced, the air speed in the vicinity of the cooling unit can be secured to prevent malfunction due to the temperature rise of the control board.
第４の発明は、圧縮機と給湯熱交換器の冷媒側配管と膨張弁と蒸発器とを環状に接続して形成したヒートポンプユニットと、貯湯タンクと水循環ポンプと給湯熱交換器の水側配管とを環状に接続して形成したタンクユニットと、前記ヒートポンプユニットと前記タンクユニットを制御する制御基板と、前記制御基板と前記制御基板を冷却する冷却部とからなるユニット制御装置とを備えたヒートポンプ給湯機において、前記蒸発器に送風を行う第１ファン及び第２ファンを備え、外気温度が所定温度よりも高くかつ前記給湯熱交換器の水側配管入口部の水温が所定温度よりも高い場合に、前記ユニット制御装置に対して近接している前記第１ファンの回転数を、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある前記第２ファンの回転数よりも大きくしたことにより、前記蒸発器を通過する風量が減少した場合でも前記冷却部近傍の風速を確保して前記制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 A fourth invention is a heat pump unit formed by annularly connecting a refrigerant side pipe, an expansion valve, and an evaporator of a compressor, a hot water supply heat exchanger, a hot water storage tank, a water circulation pump, and a water side pipe of a hot water supply heat exchanger. A heat pump comprising: a tank unit formed by connecting a ring unit; a control board that controls the heat pump unit and the tank unit; and a unit control device that includes the control board and a cooling unit that cools the control board. The water heater includes a first fan and a second fan for blowing air to the evaporator, and the outside air temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature and the water temperature at the water side pipe inlet of the hot water heat exchanger is higher than the predetermined temperature. In addition, the rotational speed of the first fan that is close to the unit control device is set to be farther from the first fan than the second fan. By made larger than the rotational speed, the operation failure by the evaporator temperature rise of the control board to ensure the wind speed of the cooling in the vicinity even when the air volume is reduced to pass through can be prevented.
第５の発明は、外気温度が所定温度よりも高くかつ給湯熱交換器の水側配管入口部の水温が所定温度よりも高い場合に、ユニット制御装置に対して近接している第１ファンを運転し、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある第２ファンを停止することにより、前記蒸発器を通過する風量が減少した場合でも前記冷却部近傍の風速を確保して前記制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, when the outside air temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature and the water temperature at the water side pipe inlet of the hot water supply heat exchanger is higher than the predetermined temperature, the first fan that is close to the unit controller is provided. By operating and stopping the second fan that is farther from the first fan than the unit controller, even if the amount of air passing through the evaporator is reduced, the wind speed in the vicinity of the cooling unit is secured. It is possible to prevent malfunction due to temperature rise of the control board.
第６の発明は、ユニット制御装置の冷却部を放熱フィンで形成し、前記放熱フィンと蒸発器との間を熱伝導性材料を介して接触させたことにより、蒸発器を通過する風量の増減に関係なく冷却部を冷却でき、制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the cooling part of the unit control device is formed by heat radiating fins, and the amount of air passing through the evaporator is increased or decreased by contacting the heat radiating fins and the evaporator via a heat conductive material. The cooling unit can be cooled regardless of whether the operation failure due to the temperature rise of the control board can be prevented.
第７の発明は、ユニット制御装置の冷却部に送風して前記ユニット制御装置を冷却する第３ファンを備えたことにより、蒸発器を通過する風量の増減に関係なく冷却部を冷却でき、制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 7th invention can cool a cooling part irrespective of increase / decrease in the air volume which passes an evaporator by having provided the 3rd fan which ventilates the cooling part of a unit control apparatus and cools the said unit control apparatus, and controls It is possible to prevent malfunction due to the temperature rise of the substrate.
第８の発明は、ユニット制御装置の温度センサーを備え、前記温度センサーで検知した温度が所定温度以上の場合に第３ファンを運転することにより、前記第３ファンの無駄な運転をなくし、かつ、冷却部を確実に冷却して制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the temperature sensor of the unit control device is provided, and the third fan is operated when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature, thereby eliminating unnecessary operation of the third fan, and The cooling unit can be reliably cooled to prevent malfunction due to the temperature rise of the control board.
第９の発明は、特に、第１〜８のいずれか１つの発明のヒートポンプ給湯機において、ヒートポンプユニットの冷媒回路を高圧側の冷媒圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルとし、前記臨界圧力以上に昇圧された冷媒により給湯熱交換器の水側配管内の水を加熱することにより、前記給湯熱交換器の冷媒配管内の冷媒は臨界圧力以上に加圧されているので、前記給湯熱交換器の水側配管内の水により熱を奪われて温度低下しても凝縮することがない。従って、前記給湯熱交換器の全域で冷媒と水との間の温度差を形成しやすくなり、熱交換効率を高くできる。 In a ninth aspect of the present invention, in particular, in the heat pump water heater of any one of the first to eighth aspects, the refrigerant circuit of the heat pump unit is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure, and the critical pressure By heating the water in the water-side pipe of the hot water supply heat exchanger with the refrigerant whose pressure has been increased as described above, the refrigerant in the refrigerant pipe of the hot water supply heat exchanger is pressurized above the critical pressure. Condensation does not occur even when the temperature is lowered due to heat deprived by water in the water-side piping of the exchanger. Therefore, it becomes easy to form a temperature difference between the refrigerant and water in the entire area of the hot water heat exchanger, and the heat exchange efficiency can be increased.
第１０の発明は、特に、第９の発明のヒートポンプ給湯機において、使用する冷媒を二酸化炭素としたものであり、比較的安価でかつ安定な二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用することで製品コストを抑えるとともに、信頼性を向上させることができる。また、二酸化炭素はオゾン破壊係数がゼロであり、地球温暖化係数も代替冷媒ＨＦＣ−４０７Ｃの約１７００分の１と非常に小さいため、地球環境に優しい製品を提供できる。 In the heat pump water heater of the ninth invention, the tenth aspect of the invention is that the refrigerant to be used is carbon dioxide, and the product cost is suppressed by using relatively inexpensive and stable carbon dioxide for the refrigerant. At the same time, reliability can be improved. In addition, carbon dioxide has an ozone depletion coefficient of zero and a global warming coefficient of about 1/700 of the alternative refrigerant HFC-407C, which is very small.
以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、この実施の
形態によって本発明が限定されるものではない。
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
（実施の形態１）
図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態のヒートポンプ給湯機の側面図である。図２は、本発明の第１の実施の形態のヒートポンプ給湯機の正面図である。図１または図２において、圧縮機１と給湯熱交換器２の冷媒側配管２ａと膨張弁３と蒸発器４とを環状に接続してヒートポンプユニットを形成している。
(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a side view of the heat pump water heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of the heat pump water heater according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, the refrigerant pump 2a, the expansion valve 3 and the evaporator 4 of the compressor 1 and the hot water supply heat exchanger 2 are connected in an annular shape to form a heat pump unit.
蒸発器４では第１ファン５ａ、第２ファン５ｂにより蒸発器４に供給された空気と蒸発器４内の冷媒との間で熱交換が行われ、冷媒が加熱される。従って、第１ファン５ａ、第２ファン５ｂの回転数を制御することにより蒸発器４に供給される風量が変化し、ヒートポンプユニットの能力を制御することができる。 In the evaporator 4, heat exchange is performed between the air supplied to the evaporator 4 by the first fan 5 a and the second fan 5 b and the refrigerant in the evaporator 4 to heat the refrigerant. Therefore, by controlling the rotation speeds of the first fan 5a and the second fan 5b, the amount of air supplied to the evaporator 4 changes, and the capacity of the heat pump unit can be controlled.
また、貯湯タンク６と水循環ポンプ７と給湯熱交換器２の水側配管２ｂとを環状に接続してタンクユニットを形成している。貯湯タンク６底部の水は、水循環ポンプ７によって給湯熱交換器の水側配管２ｂに搬送され、ここで給湯熱交換器の冷媒側配管２ａ内の冷媒と熱交換して自身は高温の湯となって貯湯タンク６の上部に戻される。なお、冷媒側配管２ａで加熱された湯水が所定温度以下であるときは、三方切り替え弁１４により貯湯タンク６の底部に戻されるようになっている。 Further, a tank unit is formed by annularly connecting the hot water storage tank 6, the water circulation pump 7, and the water side pipe 2 b of the hot water supply heat exchanger 2. The water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 6 is conveyed by the water circulation pump 7 to the water side pipe 2b of the hot water heat exchanger, where it exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the refrigerant side pipe 2a of the hot water heat exchanger, And returned to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6. In addition, when the hot water heated by the refrigerant | coolant side piping 2a is below predetermined temperature, it is returned by the three-way switching valve 14 to the bottom part of the hot water storage tank 6. FIG.
貯湯タンク６の底部には貯湯タンク６に水を供給するための給水配管１７が、また貯湯タンク６の上部には貯湯タンク６から湯を取り出すための給湯配管１８がそれぞれ接続されており、貯湯タンク６の上部の湯水と水とを混合する混合弁１５で適温にされた湯水は給湯配管１８から端末（蛇口）へ出湯する。 A hot water supply pipe 17 for supplying water to the hot water storage tank 6 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 6, and a hot water supply pipe 18 for taking out hot water from the hot water storage tank 6 is connected to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 6. Hot water heated to an appropriate temperature by a mixing valve 15 for mixing hot water and water in the upper part of the tank 6 is discharged from a hot water supply pipe 18 to a terminal (faucet).
前述のヒートポンプユニットとタンクユニットとは、ケーシング１１内に収納されている。また、ケーシング１１内部のヒートポンプユニット上方には、ヒートポンプユニットとタンクユニットの運転を制御するユニット制御装置１０が収納されている。ユニット制御装置１０は、ヒートポンプユニットやタンクユニットの各アクチュエータを制御する制御基板８と制御基板８を冷却する冷却部９とを備えている。 The aforementioned heat pump unit and tank unit are accommodated in the casing 11. A unit controller 10 that controls the operation of the heat pump unit and the tank unit is housed above the heat pump unit in the casing 11. The unit control device 10 includes a control board 8 that controls each actuator of the heat pump unit and the tank unit, and a cooling unit 9 that cools the control board 8.
冷却部９は一般的にはヒートシンクとも呼ばれるフィン形状のもので、冷却部９の一部または全体を蒸発器４への送風経路途中に設置することで、制御基板８で発生した熱が冷却部９を介して空気中に放出され、制御基板８自身は冷却される。即ち、第１ファン５ａ、第２ファン５ｂは、ヒートポンプユニットの能力制御機能と、ユニット制御装置１０の冷却機能とを兼ね備えている。 The cooling unit 9 is generally of a fin shape, also called a heat sink. By installing a part or the whole of the cooling unit 9 in the middle of the air flow path to the evaporator 4, the heat generated in the control board 8 is cooled. The control board 8 is cooled by being discharged into the air through 9. That is, the first fan 5 a and the second fan 5 b have both the capability control function of the heat pump unit and the cooling function of the unit control device 10.
以上のように構成されたヒートポンプ給湯機について、以下その動作、作用を説明する。 About the heat pump water heater comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.
まず、冬期のように外気温度が低い場合は蒸発器４の熱交換量（ヒートポンプユニットの能力）を確保するために、第１ファン５ａ、第２ファン５ｂは共に比較的高速回転（例えば、５００〜８００回転／分程度）で運転される。このため、冷却部９近傍を流れる空気の風速も大きいため冷却部９から空気中への放熱が促進されてユニット制御装置１０の温度が過度に上昇することはなく、ユニット制御装置１０の動作は安定したものとなる。 First, when the outside air temperature is low as in winter, both the first fan 5a and the second fan 5b rotate at a relatively high speed (for example, 500) in order to ensure the heat exchange amount (capacity of the heat pump unit) of the evaporator 4. (About ~ 800 rpm). For this reason, since the wind speed of the air flowing in the vicinity of the cooling unit 9 is also large, heat radiation from the cooling unit 9 into the air is promoted, and the temperature of the unit control device 10 does not rise excessively. It will be stable.
また、夏期のように外気温度が高い場合は蒸発器４に送風する風量が少なくても所定の熱交換量（ヒートポンプユニットの能力）が得られるため、第１ファン５ａ、第２ファン５ｂの回転数を低下させて蒸発器４への送風量を減少させる。この時、外気温度が所定温度以上（例えば３０℃以上）であることを外気温度センサー１２が検知すると、ユニット
制御装置１０に対して近接している第１ファン５ａの回転数を、ユニット制御装置１０に対して第１ファン５ａよりも遠方にある第２ファン５ｂの回転数よりも大きく（例えば、第１ファン５ａの回転数を４００回転／分、第２ファン５ｂの回転数を２００回転／分）する。また、場合によっては第２ファン５ｂを停止してもよい。これにより、蒸発器４に送風する風量は減少しても、ユニット制御装置１０の近傍に設置されている第１ファン５ａの回転数は比較的大きいので、冷却部９から空気中への放熱が促進されてユニット制御装置１０の温度が過度に上昇することはなく、ユニット制御装置１０の動作は安定したものとすることができるのである。
In addition, when the outside air temperature is high as in summer, a predetermined heat exchange amount (capacity of the heat pump unit) can be obtained even if the amount of air blown to the evaporator 4 is small. Therefore, the rotation of the first fan 5a and the second fan 5b The number of air blown to the evaporator 4 is reduced by decreasing the number. At this time, when the outside air temperature sensor 12 detects that the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 30 ° C. or higher), the rotation speed of the first fan 5a close to the unit control device 10 is determined. 10 is larger than the rotational speed of the second fan 5b farther from the first fan 5a (for example, the rotational speed of the first fan 5a is 400 revolutions / minute, and the rotational speed of the second fan 5b is 200 revolutions / minute). Min) In some cases, the second fan 5b may be stopped. As a result, even if the amount of air blown to the evaporator 4 is reduced, the rotational speed of the first fan 5a installed in the vicinity of the unit control device 10 is relatively large, so that heat is dissipated from the cooling unit 9 into the air. The temperature of the unit control device 10 is not excessively increased and the operation of the unit control device 10 can be made stable.
また、ヒートポンプサイクルの特性上、外気温度が低い場合でも、給湯熱交換器の水側配管２ｂの入口部の水温（以下、入水温度と呼ぶ）が高い場合にも蒸発器４への送風量を減少させることがある。そこで、入水温度が所定温度以上（例えば５０℃以上）であることを入水温度センサー１３が検知すると、ユニット制御装置１０に対して近接している第１ファン５ａの回転数を、ユニット制御装置１０に対して第１ファン５ａよりも遠方にある第２ファン５ｂの回転数よりも大きくする。また、場合によっては第２ファン５ｂを停止してもよい。これにより、蒸発器４に送風する風量は減少しても、ユニット制御装置１０の近傍に設置されている第１ファン５ａの回転数は比較的大きいので、冷却部９から空気中への放熱が促進されてユニット制御装置１０の温度が過度に上昇することはなく、ユニット制御装置１０の動作は安定したものとすることができるのである。 Further, due to the characteristics of the heat pump cycle, even when the outside air temperature is low, the amount of air blown to the evaporator 4 can be reduced even when the water temperature at the inlet of the water side pipe 2b of the hot water heat exchanger (hereinafter referred to as the incoming water temperature) is high. May decrease. Therefore, when the incoming water temperature sensor 13 detects that the incoming water temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 50 ° C. or higher), the rotational speed of the first fan 5a close to the unit controller 10 is determined. On the other hand, the rotational speed of the second fan 5b located farther than the first fan 5a is set to be larger. In some cases, the second fan 5b may be stopped. As a result, even if the amount of air blown to the evaporator 4 is reduced, the rotational speed of the first fan 5a installed in the vicinity of the unit control device 10 is relatively large, so that heat is dissipated from the cooling unit 9 into the air. The temperature of the unit control device 10 is not excessively increased and the operation of the unit control device 10 can be made stable.
以上のように、本実施の形態１においては、外気温度または入水温度が所定温度よりも高い場合に、ユニット制御装置１０に対して近接している第１ファン５ａの回転数を、ユニット制御装置１０に対して第１ファン５ａよりも遠方にある第２ファン５ｂの回転数よりも大きくしたことにより、蒸発器４を通過する風量が減少した場合でも冷却部９近傍の風速を確保して制御基板８の温度上昇による動作不良を防止できる。 As described above, in the first embodiment, when the outside air temperature or the incoming water temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, the rotation speed of the first fan 5a that is close to the unit controller 10 is determined by the unit controller. 10, even if the amount of air passing through the evaporator 4 is reduced, the air speed in the vicinity of the cooling unit 9 is secured and controlled by making the rotational speed of the second fan 5 b farther from the first fan 5 a than 10. The malfunction due to the temperature rise of the substrate 8 can be prevented.
なお、外気温度が所定温度以上（例えば３０℃以上）であることを外気温度センサー１２が検知したとき、第１ファン５ａの回転数を変更することなく保ちつつ、第２ファン５ｂの回転数のみを小さくあるいは停止するように制御してもよい。また、この時、さらに制御基板８への冷却が必要であれば、第１ファン５ａの回転数を大きくするとともに、第２ファン５ｂの回転数を更に小さくするように変更してもよい。これによれば、制御基板８の冷却能力を確保しながら、かつ蒸発器４を通過する風量を適切にできるので、ヒートポンプユニットの能力制御と、制御基板の温度上昇による動作不良や故障の回避（制御基板の信頼性向上）とを両立できる。 Note that when the outside air temperature sensor 12 detects that the outside air temperature is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature (for example, 30 ° C. or more), only the rotation speed of the second fan 5b is maintained without changing the rotation speed of the first fan 5a. May be controlled to be small or stopped. At this time, if further cooling to the control board 8 is necessary, the rotation speed of the first fan 5a may be increased and the rotation speed of the second fan 5b may be further decreased. According to this, since the cooling capacity of the control board 8 is ensured and the amount of air passing through the evaporator 4 can be made appropriate, the capacity control of the heat pump unit and the avoidance of malfunctions and failures due to the temperature rise of the control board ( (Improvement of control board reliability).
（実施の形態２）
図３は、本発明の第２の実施の形態のヒートポンプ給湯機の側面図である。図３において、本発明の第１の実施の形態のヒートポンプ給湯機と同様の構成部分については共通の符号を用い、詳細な説明を省略する。
(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 3 is a side view of the heat pump water heater according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, the same code | symbol is used about the component similar to the heat pump water heater of the 1st Embodiment of this invention, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.
実施の形態１と異なるのは、ユニット制御装置１０の冷却部９と蒸発器４との間を熱伝導性材料１９で接触させたことである。これにより、冷却部９は、第１ファン５ａ、第２ファン５ｂの送風により冷却されるだけでなく、熱伝導材料１９を介しても冷却される。従って、蒸発器４を通過する風量の増減に関係なく冷却部９を冷却でき、制御基板８の温度上昇によるユニット制御装置１０の動作不良や故障を防止できる。 The difference from the first embodiment is that the cooling unit 9 of the unit control device 10 and the evaporator 4 are brought into contact with each other with a heat conductive material 19. Thereby, the cooling unit 9 is not only cooled by the blowing of the first fan 5a and the second fan 5b, but is also cooled through the heat conductive material 19. Therefore, the cooling unit 9 can be cooled regardless of the increase or decrease in the amount of air passing through the evaporator 4, and malfunction or failure of the unit control device 10 due to the temperature rise of the control board 8 can be prevented.
また、図示していないが、冷却部９の冷却専用の第３ファン２０を備えれば、蒸発器４を通過する風量の増減に関係なく冷却部９を冷却でき、制御基板８の温度上昇によるユニット制御装置１０の動作不良や故障を防止できる。さらに、ユニット制御装置１０に温度センサー２１（図示していない）を備え、温度センサー２１で検知した温度が所定温度以
上の場合に第３ファン２０を運転することにより、第３ファン２０の無駄な運転をなくし、かつ、冷却部９を確実に冷却して制御基板８の温度上昇によるユニット制御装置１０の動作不良や故障を防止できる。
Although not shown, if the third fan 20 dedicated to cooling the cooling unit 9 is provided, the cooling unit 9 can be cooled regardless of the increase or decrease in the amount of air passing through the evaporator 4. It is possible to prevent malfunction and failure of the unit control device 10. Furthermore, the unit controller 10 is provided with a temperature sensor 21 (not shown), and the third fan 20 is wasted by operating the third fan 20 when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 21 is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature. The operation can be eliminated, and the cooling unit 9 can be reliably cooled to prevent malfunction and failure of the unit controller 10 due to the temperature rise of the control board 8.
また、実施の形態１および実施の形態２では、冷媒回路のサイクルを、高圧側の冷媒圧力が臨界圧力以上となる超臨界ヒートポンプサイクルとしたが、もちろん高圧側の冷媒圧力が臨界圧力以下のヒートポンプサイクルでもよい。また、実施の形態１および実施の形態２において、二酸化炭素を冷媒として使用することにより、製品コストを抑えると共に、信頼性を向上させることができる。また、二酸化炭素はオゾン破壊係数がゼロであり、地球温暖化係数も代替冷媒ＨＦＣ−４０７Ｃの約１７００分の１と非常に小さいため、地球環境に優しい製品を提供できる。なお、本発明では冷媒として二酸化炭素以外にもフロンガス、アンモニアなどを用いても影響を及ぼすものではない。 In the first embodiment and the second embodiment, the cycle of the refrigerant circuit is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high pressure side is equal to or higher than the critical pressure. It may be a cycle. Moreover, in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, by using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant, product cost can be suppressed and reliability can be improved. In addition, carbon dioxide has an ozone depletion coefficient of zero and a global warming coefficient of about 1/700 of the alternative refrigerant HFC-407C, which is very small. In the present invention, there is no effect even if chlorofluorocarbon gas, ammonia, or the like is used as the refrigerant other than carbon dioxide.
以上のように、本発明にかかるヒートポンプ給湯機は、蒸発器への送風ファンを複数台有し、ヒートポンプの能力制御と制御装置の冷却とを両立でき、かつ、制御装置の冷却を確実に行うことで制御装置の信頼性向上を図る場合に有効である。 As described above, the heat pump water heater according to the present invention has a plurality of blower fans for the evaporator, can perform both heat pump capacity control and control device cooling, and reliably cool the control device. This is effective in improving the reliability of the control device.
１ 圧縮機
２ 給湯熱交換器
２ａ 給湯熱交換器の冷媒側配管
２ｂ 給湯熱交換器の水側配管
３ 膨張弁
４ 蒸発器
５ａ 第１ファン
５ｂ 第２ファン
６ 貯湯タンク
７ 水循環ポンプ
８ 制御基板
９ 冷却部
１０ ユニット制御装置
１１ ケーシング
１２ 外気温度センサー
１３ 入水温度センサ−
１４ 三方切り替え弁
１５ 混合弁
１６ 減圧弁
１７ 給水配管
１８ 給湯配管
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor 2 Hot-water supply heat exchanger 2a Refrigerant-side piping of hot-water supply heat exchanger 2b Water-side piping of hot-water supply heat exchanger 3 Expansion valve 4 Evaporator 5a First fan 5b Second fan 6 Hot water storage tank 7 Water circulation pump 8 Control board 9 Cooling unit 10 Unit controller 11 Casing 12 Outside air temperature sensor 13 Incoming water temperature sensor
14 Three-way selector valve 15 Mixing valve 16 Pressure reducing valve 17 Water supply pipe 18 Hot water supply pipe
Claims (10)
前記蒸発器に送風を行う第１ファン及び第２ファンを備え、外気温度が所定温度よりも高い場合に、前記ユニット制御装置に対して近接している前記第１ファンの回転数を、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある前記第２ファンの回転数よりも大きくしたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ給湯機。 A heat pump unit formed by annularly connecting the refrigerant side piping of the compressor, the hot water heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the evaporator, and the hot water storage tank, the water circulation pump, and the water side piping of the hot water heat exchanger are annularly connected. A heat pump water heater comprising a tank unit formed, a control board that controls the heat pump unit and the tank unit, and a unit control device that includes the control board and a cooling unit that cools the control board.
The first fan and the second fan for blowing air to the evaporator, and when the outside air temperature is higher than a predetermined temperature, the rotation speed of the first fan that is close to the unit control device is determined by the unit. A heat pump water heater characterized by having a rotational speed greater than that of the second fan located farther from the first fan than the control device.
前記蒸発器に送風を行う第１ファン及び第２ファンを備え、外気温度が所定温度よりも高くかつ前記給湯熱交換器の水側配管入口部の水温が所定温度よりも高い場合に、前記ユニット制御装置に対して近接している前記第１ファンの回転数を、前記ユニット制御装置に対して前記第１ファンよりも遠方にある前記第２ファンの回転数よりも大きくしたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ給湯機。 A heat pump unit formed by annularly connecting the refrigerant side piping of the compressor, the hot water heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the evaporator, and the hot water storage tank, the water circulation pump, and the water side piping of the hot water heat exchanger are annularly connected. A heat pump water heater comprising a tank unit formed, a control board that controls the heat pump unit and the tank unit, and a unit control device that includes the control board and a cooling unit that cools the control board.
A first fan and a second fan for blowing air to the evaporator, wherein the unit has an outside air temperature higher than a predetermined temperature and a water temperature at a water-side pipe inlet of the hot water heat exchanger is higher than a predetermined temperature. The number of revolutions of the first fan that is close to the control device is greater than the number of revolutions of the second fan that is farther from the first fan than the unit control device. Heat pump water heater.
配管内の水を加熱する請求項１〜８のいずれか１項に記載のヒートポンプ給湯機。 The refrigerant circuit of the heat pump unit is a supercritical heat pump cycle in which the refrigerant pressure on the high-pressure side becomes equal to or higher than the critical pressure, and heats water in the water-side pipe of the hot water supply heat exchanger by the refrigerant whose pressure is increased to the critical pressure or higher. Item 9. The heat pump water heater according to any one of Items 1 to 8.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPWO2010109619A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-09-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Load-side relay unit and combined air conditioning and hot water supply system |
| JP5900690B1 (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2016-04-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat pump steam generator |
| JP2018087695A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-06-07 | 東芝キヤリア株式会社 | Heat pump type heat source device |
| EP3608602A4 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2020-03-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Outdoor unit of heat-pump-type water heater |
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| JPH09280632A (en) * | 1996-04-09 | 1997-10-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Outdoor unit of air conditioner |
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| JP2004044818A (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-02-12 | Hitachi Home & Life Solutions Inc | Air conditioner |
| JP2004053119A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat pump hot water supply device |
| JP2004069195A (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat pump type water heater |
| JP2004226036A (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Toshiba Kyaria Kk | Heat pump type hot water supply system |
| JP2005315453A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-11-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Water heater |
| JP2006118793A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-11 | Denso Corp | Electronic control device for water heater |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS604870A (en) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-01-11 | Nec Corp | Thermal resistance measuring apparatus of laser diode |
| JPH09280632A (en) * | 1996-04-09 | 1997-10-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Outdoor unit of air conditioner |
| JP2001091024A (en) * | 1999-09-20 | 2001-04-06 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Refrigeration air conditioner |
| JP2003222395A (en) * | 2002-02-01 | 2003-08-08 | Denso Corp | Multi-functional water heater |
| JP2004044818A (en) * | 2002-07-05 | 2004-02-12 | Hitachi Home & Life Solutions Inc | Air conditioner |
| JP2004053119A (en) * | 2002-07-19 | 2004-02-19 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat pump hot water supply device |
| JP2004069195A (en) * | 2002-08-07 | 2004-03-04 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat pump type water heater |
| JP2004226036A (en) * | 2003-01-24 | 2004-08-12 | Toshiba Kyaria Kk | Heat pump type hot water supply system |
| JP2005315453A (en) * | 2004-04-27 | 2005-11-10 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Water heater |
| JP2006118793A (en) * | 2004-10-21 | 2006-05-11 | Denso Corp | Electronic control device for water heater |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2010109619A1 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2012-09-20 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Load-side relay unit and combined air conditioning and hot water supply system |
| JP5900690B1 (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2016-04-06 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat pump steam generator |
| JP2017044378A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-03-02 | 富士電機株式会社 | Heat pump type steam generator |
| EP3608602A4 (en) * | 2017-04-04 | 2020-03-25 | Mitsubishi Electric Corporation | Outdoor unit of heat-pump-type water heater |
| JP2018087695A (en) * | 2018-03-07 | 2018-06-07 | 東芝キヤリア株式会社 | Heat pump type heat source device |
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|---|---|
| JP4816089B2 (en) | 2011-11-16 |
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