JP2007175556A - Method for producing novel material with highly functional capability from waste diatomaceous earth, and novel material with highly functional capability by the waste diatomaceous earth - Google Patents

Method for producing novel material with highly functional capability from waste diatomaceous earth, and novel material with highly functional capability by the waste diatomaceous earth Download PDF

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JP2007175556A
JP2007175556A JP2004209244A JP2004209244A JP2007175556A JP 2007175556 A JP2007175556 A JP 2007175556A JP 2004209244 A JP2004209244 A JP 2004209244A JP 2004209244 A JP2004209244 A JP 2004209244A JP 2007175556 A JP2007175556 A JP 2007175556A
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diatomaceous earth
waste diatomaceous
waste
sludge
new material
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Sukeshiro Hori
佑四郎 堀
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ONE UIRU KK
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Priority to CNB2005800197682A priority patent/CN100534934C/en
Priority to PCT/JP2005/002357 priority patent/WO2005123614A1/en
Publication of JP2007175556A publication Critical patent/JP2007175556A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/16—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using chemical substances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L11/00—Methods specially adapted for refuse
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00482—Coating or impregnation materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00793—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as filters or diaphragms
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/0081—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as catalysts or catalyst carriers
    • C04B2111/00827—Photocatalysts

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a novel material with highly functional capability from waste diatomaceous earth excellent in handling easiness, excellent in fuel cost for drying and capable of obtaining a high function at a low cost through utilizing a function by carrying out the remaining control of an organic component such as oxygen/enzyme in the waste diatomaceous earth or the like when the waste diatomaceous earth is disposed, and the novel material with the highly functional capability by the waste diatomaceous earth. <P>SOLUTION: This method comprises the removal of the water content of sludgy waste diatomaceous earth by evaporation to carry out drying processing by calcined limes for the drying processing having calcined lime (including burning dolomite) as a main component, and sterilizing to make the sludgy waste diatomaceous earth harmless by alkali. This method further comprises the remaining control of the function included in an organic component such as oxygen/enzyme contained in the waste diatomaceous earth or the like by accompanying the drying processing of the sludgy waste diatomaceous earth. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

発明の詳細な説明Detailed Description of the Invention

この発明は、各種製造工揚のろ過工程などから排出される廃珪藻土の廃棄処理に際し、取り扱い性に優れると共に、乾燥燃費性に優れ、且つ、廃珪藻土中の酵素・酵母などの有機成分を残存コントロールしてその機能を活用するなど、高機能を低コストに得ることができる廃珪藻土の高機能新素材化方法、及び、廃珪藻土類による高機能新素材に関するものである。  The present invention is excellent in handling property, excellent in dry fuel efficiency and remaining organic components such as enzymes and yeast in the waste diatomaceous earth in the disposal of waste diatomaceous earth discharged from various manufacturing processes such as filtration processes. The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-performance new material from waste diatomaceous earth that can obtain high functionality at low cost, such as controlling and utilizing its function, and a high-performance new material from waste diatomaceous earth.

ビール工場や醤油工場など各種製造工揚のろ過工程では、そのろ過材として珪藻土が使用されている。例えば、ビール工場においては大麦の麦芽汁にホップを加工して苦味や香りをつけ発酵させ、これを珪藻土を介してろ過しビールを製造している。  Diatomaceous earth is used as the filter material in the filtration processes of various manufacturing plants such as beer factories and soy sauce factories. For example, in a beer factory, barley wort is processed with hops, fermented with bitterness and aroma, and filtered through diatomaceous earth to produce beer.

このような珪藻土は、使用後には大量の水分とともに酵母や粕を含んだヘドロ状の廃材（廃珪藻土）となるため、その廃棄処理が大変であった。一般的には、埋め立て処理が行なわれているが、酵母や粕を含んだ大量の含有水のため、大量の水処理と臭気分の処理も考慮しなければならなかった。また、セメントキルンでの焼却処理を行なうにしても大量の水分を含むため多くのエネルギーが必要となる。  Since such diatomaceous earth becomes sludge-like waste material (waste diatomaceous earth) containing yeast and straw together with a large amount of water after use, the disposal process has been difficult. In general, landfill treatment is performed, but due to the large amount of water containing yeast and straw, a large amount of water treatment and odor treatment must also be considered. Moreover, even if incineration is performed with a cement kiln, a large amount of water is contained, so a lot of energy is required.

このため最近は、廃珪藻土を乾燥・造粒・炭化処理・８００〜１０００℃の高温蒸気や炭酸ガス養生などで賦活処理されており、埋め立て処理や焼却処理以外に廃珪藻土の再利用化が検討されている。  Therefore, recently, waste diatomite has been activated by drying, granulation, carbonization, high-temperature steam at 800-1000 ° C and carbon dioxide curing, etc., and reuse of waste diatomite is considered in addition to landfill and incineration Has been.

上記したように、このような廃珪藻土は、一般的には廃棄物処理業者に委託し、理めたて処理しているのであるが、微生物・酵母・粕などの有機物等を含むヘドロ状であり、悪臭がある，ヘドロ状のためハンドリングが難しい，カビの発生や腐食し易い，等の種々の悪条件を有しているため、処理業者も避けたい廃棄物の一つとされている。このため、処理費用も年々高騰しており、製造コストを圧迫しているという問題がある。  As described above, such waste diatomaceous earth is generally entrusted to a waste disposal contractor and treated in a wasteful manner, but in a sludge form containing organic matter such as microorganisms, yeast, and straw. There are various bad conditions such as odor, bad odor, difficult handling due to sludge, mold generation and corrosion, and it is regarded as one of the wastes that should be avoided. For this reason, the processing cost is also rising year by year, and there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is pressed.

また、廃珪藻土の賦活処理による再利用は、賦活処理が複雑となる上に高温処理を必要とし、コストと手間がかかり過ぎるため、未だ実用化可能な技術とされてはおらないのが現状である。  In addition, the reuse of waste diatomite by activation treatment is not yet considered as a technology that can be put to practical use because the activation treatment is complicated and requires high-temperature treatment, which is too costly and labor-intensive. .

本願発明者は、上述したような廃珪藻土の有効処理と有効活用につき鋭意研究を行ったものであり、ハンドリングがし易い，さらさらの状態に固形物化できカビ・雑菌等か増殖しない保存可能な原料にできる，臭気を軽滅できる，これらの処理を短工程・低コストで行うことができる，酵素、酵母など廃珪藻土に含有する有機成分を活かし、多用途に渡り、例えば、ホルムアルデヒド等の有害化学物質の吸着分解能が大変優れている。これらの観点に着目し、全く新たな廃珪藻土の有効処理を開発したものである。  The present inventor has conducted intensive research on the effective treatment and effective utilization of waste diatomaceous earth as described above, and is a storable raw material that is easy to handle, can be solidified in a smooth state, and does not grow mold, bacteria, etc. Odor can be extinguished, these treatments can be performed in a short process and at a low cost. Utilizing organic components contained in waste diatomaceous earth such as enzymes and yeast, it can be used for many purposes, for example, harmful chemistry such as formaldehyde Excellent adsorption resolution of substances. Focusing on these viewpoints, we have developed a completely new effective treatment for waste diatomaceous earth.

この発明は、上記のような事情に基づきなされたもので、再処理に際する廃珪藻土の取り扱い作業を容易に行なえると共に、再処理後の廃珪藻土を無害化し、且つ、有害化学物質などの高い吸着分解能を併せ持つ廃珪藻土の高機能新素材化方法、及び、廃珪藻土による高機能新素材を低コストに提供するものである。  This invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and can easily handle waste diatomaceous earth during reprocessing, detoxify waste diatomaceous earth after reprocessing, and The present invention provides a low-cost high-functional new material method using waste diatomaceous earth and a high-functional new material production method of waste diatomaceous earth with high adsorption resolution.

この発明は、上記のような目的を達成するために、廃珪藻土の高機能新素材化方法として、請求項１のように、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するに際し、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去して乾燥処理を図ると共に、アルカリによるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の殺菌無害化を図ることを特徴とする。また、請求項２記載のように、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するに際し、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去して乾燥処理を図ると共に、アルカリによるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の殺菌無害化を図り、且つ、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の乾燥処理に伴って廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持り機能を残存コントロールすることを特徴とする。また、請求項３記載のように、生石灰は、廃珪藻土の種類に応じてセメント鉱物，酸化鉄，石膏，ゼオライト，粘土鉱物等を適宜ブレンドした乾燥処理用生石灰類とされることを特徴とする。また、請求項４記載のように、廃珪藻土の解砕，攪拌を行なって水分を搾り出し、廃珪藻土を均一に液状化して含有水分量を把握する事前工程と、把握した含有水分量に見合う乾燥処理用生石灰類を投入して廃珪藻土の乾燥処理を行なうと共に、アルカリによる殺菌処理を施す本工程とよりなることを特徴とする。  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention, as a method for producing a highly functional new material of waste diatomaceous earth, as described in claim 1, when treating sludge waste diatomaceous earth, quick lime (including calcined dolomite) is used. It is characterized by evaporating and removing the water contained in the sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth by using quicklime for drying treatment as a main component, and attaining sterilization and detoxification of the sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth with alkali. Further, as described in claim 2, when the sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth is treated, the water contained in the sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth is removed by evaporation using quicklime for drying treatment mainly composed of quicklime (including calcined dolomite). Along with drying treatment, the sterilization and detoxification of sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth with alkali, and the holding function of organic components such as enzymes and yeast contained in the waste diatomaceous earth due to drying treatment of sludge-like waste diatomite It is characterized by remaining control. Further, as described in claim 3, the quicklime is a quicklime for drying treatment in which cement mineral, iron oxide, gypsum, zeolite, clay mineral and the like are appropriately blended according to the kind of waste diatomaceous earth. . In addition, as described in claim 4, the waste diatomaceous earth is crushed and stirred to squeeze out moisture, and the waste diatomaceous earth is uniformly liquefied to grasp the contained moisture content, and the drying corresponding to the grasped contained moisture content The present invention is characterized in that it comprises the present process in which quick lime for treatment is introduced to dry waste diatomaceous earth and sterilization with alkali is performed.

廃珪藻土による新素材として、請求項５のように、廃珪藻土の解砕，攪拌により水分を搾り出し、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を均一に液状化して含有水分量を把握すると共に、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により乾燥処理され、且つ、アルカリにより殺菌無害化されたことを特徴とする。また、請求項６記載のように、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するに際し、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去して乾燥処理を図ると共に、アルカリによるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の殺菌無害化を図り、且つ、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の乾燥処理に伴って廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持つ機能を残存コントロールすることを特徴とする。また、請求項７記載のように、生石灰は、廃珪藻土の種類に応じてセメント鉱物，酸化鉄，石膏，ゼオライト，粘土鉱物等を適宜ブレンドした乾燥処理用生石灰類とされることを特徴とする。  As a new material of waste diatomaceous earth, as in claim 5, the water is squeezed out by crushing and stirring the waste diatomaceous earth, the sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth is liquefied uniformly to determine the water content, and quick lime (including calcined dolomite is included) ), And is sterilized and detoxified with alkali. Further, as described in claim 6, when treating the sludge-like waste diatomite, water contained in the sludge-like waste diatomite is removed by evaporation with quicklime for dry treatment mainly composed of quicklime (including calcined dolomite). Along with drying treatment, the sterilization and detoxification of sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth with alkali, and the functions of organic components such as enzymes and yeasts contained in waste diatomaceous earth with drying treatment of sludge-like waste diatomite It is characterized by remaining control. In addition, as described in claim 7, quick lime is characterized in that it is a quick lime for drying treatment in which cement mineral, iron oxide, gypsum, zeolite, clay mineral and the like are appropriately blended according to the type of waste diatomaceous earth. .

請求項１に記載の発明によれば、従来は主として埋め立て処理するか高い燃費で焼却処理するしかなかった廃珪藻土の廃棄処分を、燃料を使用せず廃珪藻土が含有する水分と生石灰との反応熱を活用して廃珪藻土を低コストに乾燥処理すると共に、アルカリにより殺菌無害化することができる。
したがって、近年行き詰まりを見ていた廃珪藻土の廃棄処分に対し、有効処理方法を提供することができると共に、廃珪藻土を建材，防草，防虫，抗菌ボール，保水材，軽量骨材，屋上緑化パネル，水稲用肥料，土壌改良剤，生活用品などの多くの分野の原料として用途に応じて再資源化し有効活用することができ、環境衛生面と再活用面など多重に高機能化することができる。
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１に記載の発明の効果に加えて、廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持つ機能を残存コントロールし、ホルムアルデヒドなど有害化学物質の吸着分解能を高めた高機能性を付加することができる。そのことにより、さらに農業・食品分野にも広く展開ができる。
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１あるいは請求項２に記載の発明の効果に加えて、廃珪藻土の種類に応じて主材の生石灰に他の副助材を加え再生処理することができる。
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１，請求項２あるいは請求項３に記載の発明の効果に加えて、廃珪藻土の乾燥処理をコントロール性よく遂行することができる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, the waste diatomaceous earth, which has conventionally been mainly landfilled or incinerated with high fuel consumption, is a reaction between moisture and quick lime contained in the waste diatomaceous earth without using fuel. Heat can be used to dry waste diatomaceous earth at a low cost and to be sterilized and detoxified with alkali.
Therefore, an effective treatment method can be provided for the disposal of waste diatomaceous earth that has seen deadlock in recent years, and the waste diatomaceous earth can be used for building materials, herbicides, insect repellents, antibacterial balls, water retention materials, lightweight aggregates, and rooftop greening panels. , It can be recycled and effectively used as raw materials in many fields such as fertilizer for paddy rice, soil conditioner, and daily necessities, and it can have multiple functions such as environmental hygiene and reuse. .
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, the functions of organic components such as enzymes and yeast contained in the waste diatomaceous earth are controlled to remain and harmful to formaldehyde, etc. It is possible to add high functionality with enhanced adsorption ability of chemical substances. As a result, it can be further expanded to agriculture and food.
According to the third aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the first or second aspect of the invention, another auxiliary material is added to the quicklime of the main material according to the type of waste diatomaceous earth, and the recycle treatment is performed. be able to.
According to the invention described in claim 4, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 1, claim 2 or claim 3, the drying treatment of the waste diatomaceous earth can be performed with good controllability.

請求項５に記載の発明によれば、燃料を使用せず廃珪藻土が含有する水分と生石灰類との反応熱を活用して廃珪藻土を低コストに乾燥処理し、アルカリにより殺菌無害化され、廃珪藻土を建材，防草，防虫，抗菌ボール，保水材，軽量骨材，屋上緑化パネル，水稲用肥料，土壌改良剤，生活用品などの多くの分野の原料として用途に応じて箭い分け、低コストに再資源化し有効活用することができる新素材とすることができる。
請求項６に記載の発明によれば、請求項５の発明の効果に加え、廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持つ機能を残存コントロールし、残存された酵素・酵母などを活かし、多用途により、例えば、ホルムアルデヒドなど有害化学物質の吸着分解能を高めた高機能性を付加した新素材を低コストに提供することができる。
請求項７に記載の発明によれば、請求項５あるいは請求項６記載の発明の効果に加えて、廃珪藻土の乾燥理理をコントロール性よく遂行することができる。According to the invention of claim 5, the waste diatomaceous earth is dried at low cost by utilizing the reaction heat between the moisture and quicklimes contained in the waste diatomaceous earth without using fuel, and sterilized and detoxified by alkali. Dispose of waste diatomaceous earth as a raw material in many fields such as building materials, herbicides, insect repellents, antibacterial balls, water retention materials, lightweight aggregates, rooftop greening panels, paddy rice fertilizers, soil conditioners, and daily necessities. New materials that can be recycled and effectively used at low cost can be obtained.
According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 5, the function of the organic components such as enzyme and yeast contained in the waste diatomaceous earth is controlled to remain, and the remaining enzyme and yeast For example, new materials with high functionality with enhanced adsorption resolution of toxic chemicals such as formaldehyde can be provided at low cost by utilizing various applications.
According to the invention described in claim 7, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 5 or 6, the drying process of waste diatomaceous earth can be performed with good controllability.

以下、この発明の詳細を実施例に基づき説明する。
ろ過済廃材であるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の新素材化方法の前提としては、従来の燃料を使用したヘドロ状廃珪藻土の処理システムが、乾燥効率が悪くエネギー消責が多くなり、尚且つ高温処理するシステムのため、リサイクル化ができても利用価値は著しく低くなる点に鑑み、従来の燃料を使った乾燥方法は採用しない。Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be described based on examples.
As a premise of the new materialization method of sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth that is filtered waste material, the treatment system of sludge-like waste diatomite using conventional fuel is poor in drying efficiency, increases energy consumption, and is treated at high temperature In view of the fact that the system can be recycled and its utility value is significantly reduced, the conventional drying method using fuel is not adopted.

従って、この発明に係る新素材化方法は、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するシステムとして、水との反応熱の活用、アルカリの殺菌性を活用するシステムである。すなわち、水と反応して高い反応熱を発生する生石灰（ドロマイト系を含む）、廃珪藻土の種類に応じてはセメント鉱物、空気と反応して熱を発生する酸化鉄、その他の石膏、ゼオライト等の副助材をブレンドして乾燥処理用生石灰類として活用する。
そして、この乾燥処理用生石灰類を活用して廃珪藻土が保有する酵素・酵母などの有機成分を残存コントロールしながら、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去すると共に、アルカリによりヘドロ状廃珪藻土を殺菌して無害化する。Therefore, the method for producing a new material according to the present invention is a system that utilizes the heat of reaction with water and the bactericidal property of alkali as a system for treating sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth. That is, quicklime (including dolomite) that reacts with water to generate high heat of reaction, cement minerals depending on the type of waste diatomaceous earth, iron oxide that reacts with air to generate heat, other gypsum, zeolite, etc. It is used as quicklime for drying treatment by blending the auxiliary aids.
And while using the quick limes for drying treatment to control the remaining organic components such as enzymes and yeast in the waste diatomaceous earth, the water contained in the waste diatomaceous earth is removed by evaporation and the waste diatomaceous earth is removed by alkali. Sterilize and detoxify.

これらの乾燥処理用生石灰類の機能を最大限に引き出すため、新素材化システムでは事前処理工程と本工程の２工程に分かれる。事前処理工程では、ヘドロ状あるいはケーキ状の廃珪藻土を乾燥処理用生石灰類と反応しやすくするために、生石灰が水分と反応して高い反応熱（生石灰の反応熱２７８Ｋｃａｌ／Ｋｇ）を発生することに鑑み、廃珪藻土における含有水分量の把握を行なうと共に、それに基づく水分の抽出を重要課題とする。  In order to maximize the functions of these dry limes for drying treatment, the new materialization system is divided into two steps, a pretreatment step and a main step. In the pretreatment process, quick lime reacts with moisture to generate high reaction heat (reaction heat of lime 278 Kcal / Kg) in order to make sludge-like or cake-like waste diatomaceous earth easily react with quick-lime for drying treatment. In view of the above, the moisture content in waste diatomaceous earth is grasped, and the extraction of moisture based on it is an important issue.

このため、事前処理としてはミキサーなどにより廃珪藻土を十分に攪拌、揺籃し、廃珪藻土を均質に液状化する必要がある。一般に含水した珪藻土は付着水以外に細孔に含まれる水分も多く、この水分の抽出が重要である。この細孔に含まれる水分を十分抽出し活用することがこの方法では強く求められる。  For this reason, as a pretreatment, it is necessary to sufficiently stir and shake the waste diatomaceous earth with a mixer or the like to liquefy the waste diatomaceous earth uniformly. In general, hydrated diatomaceous earth contains a lot of moisture in the pores in addition to the adhering water, and extraction of this moisture is important. In this method, it is strongly required to sufficiently extract and utilize the moisture contained in the pores.

また、含有水分を把握した上で、次工程でブレンドすべき乾燥処理用生石灰類の投入量を決める。廃珪藻土の水分量に見合う乾燥処理用生石灰類の投入量の決定は、この発明に係る新素材化のシステムでは極めて重要な課題である。  Moreover, after grasping the moisture content, the input amount of dry limes to be blended in the next step is determined. The determination of the amount of dry lime used for the drying process that matches the amount of water in the waste diatomaceous earth is a very important issue in the system for creating a new material according to the present invention.

次に、本工程では、前工程で廃珪藻土の解砕・攪拌が完結し、水分の搾り出しが充分にできた廃珪藻土に、反応熱が高く比較的安価に入手できる生石灰を主材に、更に廃珪藻土の種類に応じて、セメント鉱物，酸化鉄，石膏，ゼオライト等々の副助材を適宜ブレンドした粉末（乾燥処理用生石灰類）を混合し攪拌する。
この乾燥処理用生石灰類の量は、廃珪藻土から搾り出された水分量を勘案し、重量比で廃珪藻土の１０％−５０％の範囲で決める。攪拌は、５−１０分程度と短時間で済ますのが好適である。攪拌終了後は、静かに養生し、その時間は３０分前後が好ましい。養生中には廃珪藻土内部の温度は急上昇することとなり、水分は表面から水蒸気となって発散し、廃珪薄土はサラサラの乾燥した粉末となる。さらさら状態の乾燥状態になり、尚且つアルカリによる殺菌処理を同時に行なう。この工程で、廃珪藻土を効率よく脱水，乾燥，殺菌するには、水分の搾り出しと養生時間は極めて重要な要素となる。Next, in this process, waste diatomite that has been completely crushed and agitated in the previous process and has been fully squeezed out of moisture, and quick lime that has a high reaction heat and can be obtained at a relatively low price, Depending on the type of waste diatomaceous earth, powder (quick lime for drying treatment) that is appropriately blended with auxiliary materials such as cement mineral, iron oxide, gypsum, zeolite, etc. is mixed and stirred.
The amount of quicklime for drying treatment is determined in the range of 10% to 50% of the waste diatomaceous earth in terms of weight ratio in consideration of the amount of water squeezed from the waste diatomaceous earth. Stirring is preferably completed in a short time of about 5-10 minutes. After the stirring, it is gently cured and the time is preferably around 30 minutes. During curing, the temperature inside the waste diatomaceous earth will rise rapidly, the moisture will evaporate from the surface as water vapor, and the waste siliceous soil will become a dry dry powder. A dry state is obtained, and sterilization with alkali is simultaneously performed. In this process, in order to efficiently dehydrate, dry and sterilize waste diatomaceous earth, the extraction of water and the curing time are extremely important factors.

さらさらに乾燥し粉末となった廃珪藻土は、低コストに再生されて無害化、尚且つ高機能化されているので、本願特許出願人である（株）ワンウイルが保有している壁材特許第３３５８０２６号などに添加することで大幅に品質性能を高めることができる。さらに壁材以外にいろいろな用途があり、建材、防草、防虫、抗菌ボール、保水、軽量骨材、屋上緑化パネル、水稲用肥料、土壌改良剤、生活用品など多くの分野の原料として用途に応じて箭い分け再資源化することができる。さらに、残存している酵素・酵母によって高機能を備えた農業並びに食品分野でも展開できる。  Furthermore, the waste diatomaceous earth, which has been dried and turned into powder, is regenerated at low cost, is rendered harmless, and is highly functional. Therefore, the wall material patent No. By adding to No. 3358026 etc., the quality performance can be greatly improved. In addition to wall materials, it has a variety of other uses, such as building materials, herbicides, insect repellents, antibacterial balls, water retention, lightweight aggregates, rooftop greening panels, paddy rice fertilizers, soil conditioners, and daily necessities. Depending on the situation, it can be recycled. Furthermore, it can be developed in the agricultural and food fields with high functionality by the remaining enzymes and yeast.

いずれにせよ、この発明によれば廃珪藻土の廃棄処分に際し、燃料を使用せず廃珪藻土が含有する水分と生石灰との反応熱を活用して廃珪藻土を低コストに乾燥処理すると共に、アルカリにより殺菌無害化することにより、低コストに建材，防草，防虫，抗菌ボール，保水材，軽量骨材，屋上緑化パネル，水稲用肥料，土壌改良剤，生活用品などの多くの分野の原料を、用途に応じて箭い分け再資源化し有効活用する。
また、廃珪藻土の種類に応じて主材の生石灰に他の副助材を適宜加え、廃珪藻土の乾燥処理をして高機能化を効率よく遂行する。すなわち、廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持つ機能を残存コントロールし、残存された酵素・酵母などを活かした高機能化が可能になる。例えば、ホルムアルデヒドなど有害化学物質の吸着分解能を高めた高機能性が付加される。In any case, according to the present invention, when disposing of the waste diatomaceous earth, the waste diatomaceous earth is dried at a low cost by utilizing the reaction heat between the moisture and quicklime contained in the waste diatomaceous earth without using fuel, and by alkali. By sterilizing and detoxifying, raw materials in many fields such as building materials, herbicides, insect repellents, antibacterial balls, water retention materials, lightweight aggregates, rooftop greening panels, paddy rice fertilizers, soil conditioners, and daily necessities Divide and recycle according to the purpose and use it effectively.
Also, depending on the type of waste diatomaceous earth, other auxiliary materials are added to the main lime as appropriate, and the waste diatomaceous earth is dried to achieve high functionality efficiently. In other words, the functions of organic components such as enzymes and yeasts contained in the waste diatomaceous earth are controlled to remain, and high functionality utilizing the remaining enzymes and yeasts can be realized. For example, high functionality with enhanced adsorption resolution of harmful chemical substances such as formaldehyde is added.

＜実施例１＞
醤油ろ過後の廃珪藻土は、１０−１５％の塩分，５０−６０％の水分を貪むためその処理が最も困難であるとされている。食品加工工場では、この廃珪藻土を水洗処理、脱水して理めたて処理しているが、コストが高くつくと共に、水処理の問題もあった。この発明に係る素材化方法の適用例を示す。
まず、前工程では、回転数をコントロールできるミキサーで、廃珪藻土を約２０分攪拌し、珪藻土の付着水、細孔中の水分を表面に搾り出し、これに比表面積が高い（例えば２００００ｃｍ２／ｇ）ソフトバーンの生石灰粉を重量比で３０％加え、約５分間攪拌した。その後、つき固めて約３０分養生した。
廃珪藻土内部の温度は、３０分後には９０度前後になり、ヘドロ状の廃珪藻土は、サラサラの保存可能なリサイクル珪藻土に再生できた。臭気も著しく減少、建材用珪藻土として活用が可能であった。<Example 1>
Waste diatomaceous earth after soy sauce filtration is said to be the most difficult to treat because it contains 10-15% salt and 50-60% moisture. In the food processing factory, the waste diatomaceous earth is treated with water washing and dewatering, and it is treated freshly. However, the cost is high and there is a problem of water treatment. An application example of the materializing method according to the present invention will be shown.
First, in the previous step, the waste diatomaceous earth is stirred for about 20 minutes with a mixer capable of controlling the number of revolutions, and the water adhering to the diatomaceous earth and the moisture in the pores are squeezed to the surface, which has a high specific surface area (for example, 20000 cm 2 / g). 30% by weight of soft burn quicklime powder was added and stirred for about 5 minutes. After that, it was hardened and cured for about 30 minutes.
The temperature inside the waste diatomite was about 90 degrees after 30 minutes, and the sludge-like waste diatomite could be regenerated into a smooth, storable, recycled diatomite. The odor was significantly reduced and it could be used as a diatomaceous earth for building materials.

また、この廃珪藻土の微細な多孔中に適量に残存コントロールされた有機物が存在されていることにより、この有機物が作用し、ホルムアルデヒドの吸着分解能が極めて高いことが、神奈川県産業総合研究所（１６．５．２４）の分析により判明した。
以下に、その分析結果を表示する。
試料 １時間後 ４時間後
（新品珪藻土入り）
ケイソウくん ０．１１ｐｐｍ以下 ０．０２ｐｐｍ以下
塗壁材
（本廃棄珪藻土入り）
ケイソウくん
塗壁材
１０％（４７ｇ）混入 ０．００５ｐｐｍ以下 殆ど０値
３０％（４７ｇ）混入 ０．００６ｐｐｍ以下 殆ど０値
この分析結果から判ることは、含有有機成分を残存コントロトロールした乾燥廃珪藻土を混在したケイソウくんは、従来の新品ケインウくんに比べ、４時間後にはホルムアルデヒドが殆ど検出されないほど高い吸着分解能力を示した。ホルムアルデヒド吸着分解能は、乾燥時間、厚み、表面状態の物理吸着度合い等々で若干変わってくるが、いずれにせホルムアルデヒド吸着分解能力に優れるものである。
廃珪藻土の中には多くの有機物が含有されている。例えば、酵母の場合ではポリオール、カルボン酸、スルホン酸等様々な有機成分が存在し、その中でＮ（窒素）が多く含まれている。このＮＨ２（アミノ基）がホルムアルデヒド（ＨＣＨＯ）をメチロール化し他の物質に変える。また、ホルムアルデヒドはユリア（尿素）と相性がよいため、このユリア（尿素）と反応して無害に変化するものと思われる。
このように、廃珪藻土に含有されている有機成分を残存コントロールすることにより、この事例の場合はガス吸着分解能に優れた有効新素材とすることができる。In addition, the presence of an appropriate amount of organic material remaining in the fine pores of the waste diatomaceous earth allows the organic material to act, and the adsorption ability of formaldehyde is extremely high. .5.24) analysis.
The analysis results are displayed below.
Sample 1 hour later 4 hours later (with new diatomaceous earth)
Diatom-kun 0.11 ppm or less 0.02 ppm or less Painted wall material (contains this waste diatomaceous earth)
Diatom-kun Paint wall material mixed with 10% (47g) 0.005ppm or less Almost 0 value 30% (47g) mixed 0.006ppm or less Almost 0 value This analysis shows that the dried organic diatomaceous earth containing the remaining organic components As compared with the conventional new quince kun, diatom kun mixed with the lye showed a high adsorptive decomposition ability so that formaldehyde was hardly detected after 4 hours. The formaldehyde adsorption resolution varies slightly depending on the drying time, thickness, degree of physical adsorption of the surface state, etc., but in any case, the formaldehyde adsorption ability is excellent.
Waste organic diatomaceous earth contains many organic substances. For example, in the case of yeast, there are various organic components such as polyol, carboxylic acid, and sulfonic acid, among which a large amount of N (nitrogen) is contained. This NH 2 (amino group) methylolates formaldehyde (HCHO) and converts it into another substance. In addition, since formaldehyde is compatible with urea (urea), it appears to react harmlessly with this urea (urea).
Thus, by controlling the remaining organic components contained in the waste diatomaceous earth, in this case, an effective new material excellent in gas adsorption resolution can be obtained.

なお、上記ホルムアルデヒド低減試験方法は、ガラス容器（真空デシケータ／１２Ｌ）のほぼ中央部に試料（ガラス板上丹塗付乾燥物、厚さ：４ｍｍ、面積：１５０ｃｍ２）をセットし、容器内を減圧後、これにホルムアルデヒド調整空気を封入する。静置して一定時間容器内空気を採取して気中濃度を測定する。ホルムアルデヒドの暴露条件は、初期濃度を２．５ｐｐｍとし、温度２０℃、湿度５０％で行なった。In addition, the said formaldehyde reduction test method sets a sample (Dry matter on a glass plate with a coating on a glass plate, thickness: 4 mm, area: 150 cm 2 ) in a substantially central part of a glass container (vacuum desiccator / 12L), and decompresses the inside of the container. After that, formaldehyde-adjusted air is sealed in this. Let stand and collect air in the container for a certain period of time to measure the air concentration. The formaldehyde was exposed to an initial concentration of 2.5 ppm at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a humidity of 50%.

Claims (7)

ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するに際し、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去して乾燥処理を図ると共に、アルカリによるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の殺菌無害化を図ることを特徴とする廃珪藻土の高機能新素材化方法。  When treating sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth, dry limestone containing quicklime (including calcined dolomite) as a main component is used to evaporate and remove the water contained in sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth, and to produce sludge-like alkali. A high-functional new material production method for waste diatomaceous earth characterized by detoxification of waste diatomaceous earth. ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するに際し、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去して乾燥処理を図ると共に、アルカリによるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の殺菌無害化を図り、且つ、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の乾燥処理に伴って廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持つ機能を残存コントロールすることを特徴とする廃珪藻土の高機能新素材化方法。  When treating sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth, dry limestone containing quicklime (including calcined dolomite) as a main component is used to evaporate and remove the water contained in sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth, and to produce sludge-like alkali. Waste diatomaceous earth characterized by detoxification of waste diatomaceous earth and remaining control of the functions of organic components such as enzymes and yeast contained in the waste diatomaceous earth with the drying treatment of sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth Of high-performance new material. 生石灰は、廃珪藻土の種類に応じてセメント鉱物，酸化鉄，石膏，ゼオライト，粘土鉱物等を適宜ブレンドした乾燥処理用生石灰類とされることを特徴とする請求項１または２記載の廃珪藻土の高機能新素材化方法。  The quick lime is a quick lime for drying treatment in which cement mineral, iron oxide, gypsum, zeolite, clay mineral and the like are appropriately blended according to the type of waste diatomaceous earth. High-performance new material method. 廃珪藻土の解砕，攪拌を行なって水分を搾り出し、廃珪藻土を均一に液状化して含有水分量を把握する事前工程と、把握した含有水分量に見合う乾燥処理用生石灰類を投入して廃珪藻土の乾燥処理を行なうと共に、アルカリによる殺菌処理を施す本工程とよりなることを特徴とする請求項１，２または３記載の廃珪藻土類の高機能新素材化方法。  Disintegrate and agitate the waste diatomaceous earth to squeeze out the water, liquefy the waste diatomaceous earth uniformly and grasp the moisture content, and input the dry limes that match the grasped moisture content to throw the waste diatomaceous earth The method for producing a highly functional new material for waste diatomaceous earth according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it comprises the present step of performing a drying treatment of and a sterilization treatment with an alkali. 廃珪藻土の解砕，攪拌により水分を搾り出し、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を均一に液状化して含有水分量を把握すると共に、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により乾燥処理され、且つ、アルカリにより殺菌無害化されたことを特徴とする廃珪藻土による高機能新素材。  Water is squeezed out by crushing and stirring the waste diatomaceous earth, and the sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth is liquefied uniformly to determine the water content, and dry treatment is performed with quicklime for drying treatment mainly containing quicklime (including calcined dolomite). A high-performance new material made of waste diatomaceous earth, characterized by being sterilized and detoxified with alkali. ヘドロ状廃珪藻土を処理するに際し、生石灰（焼成ドロマイトを含む）を主成分とする乾燥処理用生石灰類により、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の含有水を蒸発除去して乾燥処理を図ると共に、アルカリによるヘドロ状廃珪藻土の殺菌無害化を図り、且つ、ヘドロ状廃珪藻土の乾燥処理に伴って廃珪藻土中に含有されている酵素・酵母などの有機成分の持つ機能を残存コントロールすることを特徴とする廃珪藻土による高機能新素材。  When treating sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth, dry limestone containing quicklime (including calcined dolomite) as a main component is used to evaporate and remove the water contained in sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth, and to produce sludge-like alkali. Waste diatomaceous earth characterized by detoxification of waste diatomaceous earth and remaining control of the functions of organic components such as enzymes and yeast contained in the waste diatomaceous earth with the drying treatment of sludge-like waste diatomaceous earth High-performance new material. 生石灰は、廃珪藻土の種類に応じてセメント鉱物，酸化鉄，石膏，ゼオライト，粘土鉱物等を適宜ブレンドした乾燥処理用生石灰類とされることを特徴とする請求項５または６記載の廃珪藻土による高機能新素材。  The quick lime is quick lime for drying treatment in which cement mineral, iron oxide, gypsum, zeolite, clay mineral and the like are appropriately blended according to the type of waste diatomaceous earth, according to the waste diatomaceous earth according to claim 5 or 6 High-performance new material.
JP2004209244A 2004-06-17 2004-06-17 Method for producing novel material with highly functional capability from waste diatomaceous earth, and novel material with highly functional capability by the waste diatomaceous earth Pending JP2007175556A (en)

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