JP2007082480A - Rice cultivation method using organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rice cultivation method gentle to the environment, relating to direct sowing of rice on well-drained paddy field using organic fertilizer. <P>SOLUTION: This rice cultivation method comprises direct sowing of rice on well-drained paddy field using 5 kg-200 kg of organic fertilizer per 10 are. The cultivating method enables cultivation without lowering rice plant yield compared to the case of using an inorganic chemical fertilizer containing the same quantity of nitrogen, even if an using organic fertilizer with less load to the environment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to direct sowing cultivation of rice using organic fertilizer.

Examples of rice cultivation methods using organic special fertilizers include a method of using mixed fermented compost of rice husk and chicken manure as the original fertilizer of rice (Patent Document 1), a cultivation method using rice straw (Non-Patent Document 1), and the like. In this case, it is necessary to use 400 to several tons of the fertilizer per 10 ares.
JP 60-81079 A Japan Soil Fertilizer Science Vol.61, No.1, 119 (1990)

  Organic fertilizers have been recommended in recent years because they have less environmental impact than inorganic chemical fertilizers. However, compared with inorganic chemical fertilizers, organic fertilizers are slow-acting, cause germination inhibition, may cause gas damage due to high fertilization, and are difficult to control fertilization, which reduces yield. It was connected to.

  The present inventor has intensively studied in view of the above situation, and has found that by performing dry rice direct sowing cultivation, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the yield of rice accompanying the disadvantages of organic fertilizer, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, the present invention
[1] A method for cultivating rice, characterized in that organic fertilizer is directly cultivated by dry seeding using 5 kg to 200 kg per 10 ares.

  With the cultivation method of the present invention, it is possible to cultivate without reducing the yield of rice compared to the case of using an inorganic chemical fertilizer having the same nitrogen content, even when using an organic fertilizer with a low environmental load.

  Examples of the organic fertilizer used in the present invention include fish meal powder, dried fish fertilizer powder, fish boiled fish, crustacean fertilizer powder, steamed fish scales and powders thereof, meat meal powder, meat bone powder, steamed corn powder, steamed food Cornhorn bone meal, steamed hair powder, dry blood and its powder, raw bone powder, steamed bone powder (dehydrated bone powder), steamed chicken bone powder, steamed leather powder, dried rice cake powder, rice bran oil powder and powder thereof, silk spinning waste, corn Buds and powder thereof, soybean oil cake and powder thereof, rapeseed oil cake and powder thereof (mustard oil cake and powder thereof), cotton seed meal and powder thereof, peanut oil cake and powder thereof, linseed oil cake and powder thereof, Sesame oil cake and powder, castor oil cake and powder thereof, rice bran oil cake and powder thereof, other herbaceous vegetable oil cake and powder thereof, Kapok oil cake and powder thereof, corn germ, bud oil cake and Powder, tobacco waste fertilizer powder, licorice powder, tofu powder dry fertilizer, enjuka powder, nitrogenous guano, processed poultry manure fertilizer, corn soaked fertilizer, fish waste processed fertilizer, dry cell fertilizer, by-product moving substance Examples include fertilizers, by-product plant fertilizers, and mixed organic fertilizers.

  The application amount of the organic fertilizer is preferably 5 to 200 kg per 10 ares, more preferably 5 to 100 kg per 10 ares.

  The organic fertilizer to be used may be mixed with an inorganic chemical fertilizer, or an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer may be used separately.

Inorganic chemical fertilizers used include urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, lime nitrogen, formaldehyde processed urea fertilizer (UF), acetaldehyde processed urea fertilizer ( CDU), nitrogenous fertilizers such as isobutyraldehyde processed urea fertilizer (IBDU) and guanneaurea (GU), superphosphate lime, heavy superphosphate lime, molten phosphorus fertilizer, humic acid phosphorus fertilizer, calcined phosphorus fertilizer, heavy firing Phosphorous fertilizers such as phosphorus, bitter earth superphosphate, ammonium polyphosphate, potassium metaphosphate, calcium metaphosphate, bitter phosphate, ammonium sulfate, phosphorous ammonium phosphate and ammonium phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium sulfate , Potassium sulfate clay, potassium bicarbonate and potassium phosphate Potassium fertilizers such as um, siliceous fertilizers such as calcium silicate, magnesium fertilizers such as magnesium sulfate and magnesium chloride, calcium fertilizers such as quick lime, slaked lime and calcium carbonate, manganese sulfate, sulfated manganese and mineral manganese Examples include manganese fertilizers, boron fertilizers such as boric acid and borate, and ordinary fertilizers (including composite fertilizers) defined in the fertilizer control law such as ferrous fertilizers such as steel slag. Among these, one containing at least one fertilizer component selected from nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), particularly one containing all three types of fertilizer components is preferable. Specific examples thereof include NPK component type (NP ₂ O ₅ —K ₂ O) fertilizers. Examples of such fertilizers include type 1 flattening such as 5-5-7 and 12-12-16. Type, 2 type horizontal type such as 5-5-5 and 14-14-14, 3 type flat falling type such as 6-6-5 and 8-8-5, 4-7-9 and 6-8-11 4 type up type such as 4-7-7 and 10-20-20, 6 type up type such as 4-7-4 and 6-9-6, 6-4-5 and 7 type valley type such as 14-10-13, 8 type falling flat type such as 6-5-5 and 18-11-11, 9 type falling type such as 7-6-5 and 14-12-9, 3 10 type NP type such as -20-0 and 18-35-0, 11 type NK type such as 16-0-12 and 18-0-16, 0-3-14 and 0-15-15 etc. Mention may be made of the 12-inch PK type, and the like. The form of the fertilizer to be used may be any of granular, powder, lump, and liquid, and various forms of fertilizer can be used.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described using examples, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.

[Field test 1]
Using a non-tillage sowing machine (PFT-6) manufactured by Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd. on a paddy field (0.5a) in a non-tillage dry field, 5.2 per 10a kg seeded. Immediately after sowing, urea-coated nitrogen fertilizer (40% nitrogen) is 7.5kg / 10a (3kg / 10a in terms of nitrogen) and mixed organic fertilizer (10% nitrogen) is 30kg / 10a (3kg / 10a in terms of nitrogen) on the surface Scattered. Rice emerged on May 24, and water entered the 2.5 leaf stage of rice on June 3. Headed on August 15 and grew steadily.
[Field test 2]
Using a non-tillage sowing machine (PFT-6) manufactured by Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd. on a paddy field (0.5a) in a non-tillage dry field, 5.2 per 10a kg seeded. Immediately after sowing, urea-based nitrogen fertilizer (nitrogen 40%) was added to 7.5 kg / 10a (3 kg / 10a in terms of nitrogen). Rice emerged on May 24, and mixed organic fertilizer (10% nitrogen) was sprayed on the surface of 30kg / 10a (3kg / 10a in terms of nitrogen) during the 1.5-2 leaf stage on May 26. Water entered the 2.5 leaf stage of rice on June 3. Headed on August 15 and grew steadily.
[Field test 3]
On 19 April, plowed dry rice seeds (variety: Aya no Kagayaki) were applied to the paddy field (27a) in a plowed dry field using a non-plowing seeder (PFT-6) manufactured by Minoru Sangyo Co., Ltd. kg seeded. Immediately after sowing, urea-based nitrogen fertilizer (nitrogen 40%) was added to 7.5 kg / 10a (3 kg / 10a in terms of nitrogen). On May 20, rice emerged, and mixed organic fertilizer (10% nitrogen) was sprayed on the surface of 30kg / 10a (3kg / 10a in terms of nitrogen) in the 1.5-2 leaf stage of May 26th. Water entered the rice 2.5 leaf stage on May 31. It headed on August 16 and grew smoothly.
[Comparative example]
Comparative test by direct sowing cultivation of dry paddy A 1/5000 aren Wagner pot was filled with soil, dried paddy was seeded at a depth of 3 cm (variety: Nipponbare), and fertilizer was applied. Water was introduced when the leaf age of rice reached the 4th leaf stage, and thereafter it was managed under submerged conditions with a depth of 5 cm.

Comparative test by submerged transplantation The soil was filled in a 1/5000 aren Wagner pot, and after scraping, fertilizer was applied, and 3 leaf rice (cultivar: Nipponbare) grown in advance at a depth of 3 cm was transplanted. After entering the water, it was managed under flooding conditions with a depth of 5 cm.

  As for the fertilizer, Nisshin genuine rapeseed oil cake powder (N (nitrogen) 5.3%) is used as the organic fertilizer, and ammonium sulfate (product name: Fumin, N (nitrogen) 21) as the inorganic chemical fertilizer. %) Were used respectively.

And the difference in growth was compared by comparing the body weight of the 40th day after sowing or transplanting when the same amount of organic fertilizer was used as the amount of N and when using inorganic chemical fertilizer. The results of the test are shown in Table 1.
[Table 1]
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Cultivation conditions N (kg) in fertilizer Growth ratio of organic fertilizer / inorganic chemical fertilizer
(Body weight comparison)
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
Dry rice field sowing cultivation 20 1.0
Flooded transplant cultivation 20 0.6
――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――――
As described above, when 377 kg (20 kg as the amount of N) of organic fertilizer is used per 10 ares, submerged transplantation is performed compared to when 95 kg (20 kg as the amount of N) of inorganic fertilizers is used per 10 ares. In the cultivation, the yield of rice was 60%, but in the direct sowing cultivation of the dry rice field, it was equivalent and showed no inhibition of rice growth.

The cultivation method of the present invention is useful as an environmentally friendly rice cultivation method.

Claims (1)

1. A method for cultivating rice, characterized in that organic fertilizer is directly cultivated in dry fields using 5 kg to 200 kg per 10 ares.