JP2007071418A - Calm environment-type plant growing chamber and temperature adjusting method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a calm environment-type plant growing chamber and a temperature adjusting method, capable of accurately controlling plant growing environment, and performing special cultivation for experiment, and efficiently cultivating good plant. <P>SOLUTION: The wind at a supply opening is reduced by mounting a cylindrical cloth filter 20 made of synthetic resin filament yarn on the conditioned air supply opening of an air blower 6 for ventilation. Solenoid valves of a plurality of coolers 3 of an air conditioner 10 are controlled to be ON/OFF by a digital indicator controller 1 to be adjusted to be lower than a set temperature. Then a heater 4 is PID controlled to adjust a temperature in a chamber to the set temperature. The number of times of recirculating ventilation in the chamber is set to chamber internal volume (m3) ×60-150 times/(h), and calm ventilation is performed in the chamber through the cylindrical cloth filter 20. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a chamber capable of experimentally cultivating a plant having a genetically modified plant, and in particular, a windless environment type plant capable of preventing fluctuations that occur in a gene due to contact morphogenesis and capable of suppressing other breeding. The present invention relates to a growth chamber and a temperature adjustment method.

  Patent Document 1 describes an agricultural air conditioning system capable of performing desired air conditioning in a windless state without directly blowing air on agricultural products. In this system, an air conditioning cover is provided outside the cover main body, and an air conditioner that blows air between the air conditioning cover and the cover main body is provided. According to this system, the adjusted air flow is provided so as to conduct the inner wall of the cover body and adjust the temperature of the cultivation environment.

  Further, as a plant growth chamber, Patent Literature 2 describes a plant growth storage device and a plant growth storage method. In this apparatus, it is possible to give the seedlings illumination suitable for both the growth of seedlings and the storage of plants after the growth. Therefore, in patent document 2, light is irradiated on the same conditions as the time of plant growth by controlling lighting of the light source by the control unit even when storing the plant after the growth.

On the other hand, it has recently been clarified that the chamber used to grow a special plant having a genetically modified gene needs to prevent "thigmomorohogenesis" of the plant as much as possible. In other words, plants have the ability to significantly change their growth and morphology due to rain, wind, contact, and the like. Plants that have continued to receive contact stimuli are hindered in their growth, such as delayed flower formation or suppression of flower stem elongation. According to research, plants have sensor systems that detect physical and mechanical stimuli, and the processes and mechanisms that change and develop in response to these stimuli are called "contact morphogenesis". Recently, it became clear that this "contact morphogenesis" caused changes in the expression of many genes. Such a change in a gene expressed by an external factor may cause an obstacle to accurate data in experimental cultivation of a plant in which a gene is recombined. Therefore, in such special experimental cultivation, it has become necessary to cultivate such that the gene does not change due to external factors such as contact stimulation. Moreover, as a plant cultivation purpose, for example, it may be aimed at seeding of progeny seeds such as rice, maintenance / management and analysis of lines. In cultivation for such a purpose, it is necessary to prevent crossing with transgenic rice lines of different surroundings due to pollen scattering by the wind. Therefore, it is desired to provide a windless plant growth chamber and a temperature adjustment method that do not give physical and mechanical stimulation and can reliably prevent pollen scattering.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-30 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-55

The agricultural air conditioning system of Patent Document 1 provides an air conditioning system that prevents seedling wilt caused by cold air directly hitting seedlings. Therefore, in order to realize air-conditioning in a windless state, a cover body that defines a storage space for crops is provided, cold air or heating is sent to the cover body itself, and air conditioning is performed in the storage space for crops through the inner wall surface of the cover body. It conducts temperature. Therefore, the air conditioning temperature that conducts heat from the cover body takes a long time to adjust the temperature around the plant that is farthest from the cover body, and the time to respond to the temperature change around the growing plant is delayed. is there. For example, changes in the amount of light from the irradiation lamp, changes in the environment such as day and night, body temperature of workers working in the laboratory, and growth heat radiated from the plants to be grown It is necessary to detect and make the internal temperature constant in a short time. However, in air conditioning using heat conduction means, a temperature difference occurs between a position close to the heat source and a position far from the heat source, and the heat conduction time is slow, so it cannot be used for experimental cultivation of plants.

  On the other hand, in experimental cultivation of plants that have been genetically modified, no wind is desired in order to prevent the occurrence of “contact morphogenesis” and to suppress other breeding. It is necessary to accurately control the temperature, humidity, daylighting time, etc. However, in the agricultural air conditioning system of Patent Document 1, it is possible to prevent seedling wilt caused by direct contact of cold air on seedlings, but it is extremely difficult to accurately control temperature, humidity, etc. in special experimental cultivation. It is. Moreover, such precise control of the cultivation environment is not limited to special experiments, and is an important condition in experiments for efficiently cultivating paid varieties.

  Thus, accurate control of the cultivation environment without wind is an important condition for special experimental cultivation and efficient cultivation of pay varieties. However, according to the theory of air conditioning, there is a positive correlation between temperature accuracy and ventilation, and it is necessary to increase the ventilation frequency in proportion to the temperature accuracy. That is, if the number of ventilations is increased in order to increase the temperature accuracy, the air flow due to this ventilation increases and a strong wind is generated. Therefore, the higher the number of ventilations, the more difficult it is to maintain a no-air state. For these reasons, no chamber has been provided that realizes highly accurate temperature / humidity adjustment without wind.

  Moreover, in patent document 2, although there is description of the chamber which has a light source and the control part which controls lighting of a light source, about controlling the cultivation environment of plants, such as temperature and humidity other than controlling a light source, for example This means is unknown, and there is no mention of precise control under windless conditions that are necessary for special experimental cultivation of plants. Therefore, even if the said patent document 2 and the said patent document 1 are combined, it is difficult to provide the chamber suitable for the experimental cultivation of the plant which recombined the gene.

  Therefore, the present invention was created to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it becomes possible to control the plant growth environment in a windless manner with high accuracy, and also enables experimental cultivation of genetically modified plants. The object is to provide a windless environment type plant growth chamber and a temperature control method.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first means in the present invention is a chamber for growing plants, including a plurality of cooling devices including a backup unit selectively operated according to the temperature conditions inside and outside the chamber, An air conditioner 10 is provided that includes a heater 4 and a humidifier 5 that adjust the temperature and humidity to a set value with the digital indicating controller 1, and a ventilation fan 6 that blows the adjusted air into the chamber. The ventilation blower 6 is equipped with a tubular fabric filter 20 provided with a filament yarn made of synthetic resin at an adjustment air blowout port arranged at the upper part of the chamber to suppress the wind at the blowout chamber. There is no wind ventilation while keeping the temperature and humidity uniform.

  The air conditioner 10 of the second means is provided with two cooling devices provided with a plurality of coolers 3 in one outdoor unit 2, and each of the two solenoid valves provided in each cooler 3. Is controlled to be lower than the indoor set temperature by the ON / OFF control by the digital indicating controller 1, and the heater 4 is controlled by PID to adjust to the set temperature in the chamber.

  A third means is to set the circulation ventilation frequency in the chamber to the chamber volume (m3) × 60 to 150 times / (h) by the inverter control in the ventilation fan 6, and the cylindrical cloth filter The chamber is provided with no wind ventilation through 20.

  In the fourth means, the cooler 3 includes at least a set indoor temperature, an outdoor temperature in summer, a heat load condition of the plant growing lamp 30 and various devices arranged indoors, a heat load condition of conduction from the indoor wall surface and the window. The heat load condition for entering the room by opening and closing the door, the external heat introduction heat load condition, the human body heat load condition for the operator entering the room, and the breeding heat radiated from the plant are set to be ON / OFF controlled.

  The fifth means is a method for adjusting the temperature in the chamber for growing the plant, wherein one outdoor unit 2 is provided with a plurality of cooling devices provided with a plurality of cooling devices 3, and each cooling device 3 is provided. After adjusting the solenoid valve provided in the ON / OFF control with the digital indicating controller 1 to be lower than the set temperature in the room, the heater 4 installed together with the cooling device is PID controlled to adjust to the set temperature in the chamber. This is a means for solving the problem.

  According to claim 1 of the present invention, the temperature and humidity in the chamber can be made uniform with no wind around the plant. Therefore, when experimentally cultivating a genetically modified crop, physical and mechanical stimulation is applied. You don't have to give it. As a result, it is possible to grow so that the gene does not change due to external factors such as contact stimulation. Moreover, pollen scattering due to wind can be effectively eliminated. By suppressing the scattering of pollen, it becomes possible to prevent crossing with different genetically modified lines in the vicinity. This is extremely important in seeding of progeny seeds, line maintenance and management, and analysis.

  According to the second and fifth aspects, since the air cooled to near the set temperature is adjusted to the set temperature by the PID control of the heater 4, extremely stable temperature adjustment is possible. In addition, by providing two cooling devices including a plurality of coolers 3 in one outdoor unit 2, it is possible to cool to near the set temperature in a short time even if a sudden temperature change occurs. . Moreover, since the cooling devices of each other perform a backup function, even if one of the cooling devices breaks down, it does not affect the cultivated plants.

  Furthermore, according to the third aspect, even if the number of ventilations is increased in order to increase the temperature accuracy, it is possible to maintain a no-air state. Therefore, the temperature accuracy in the chamber was in the range of 0.5 degrees Celsius to 1.0 degrees Celsius at any location, enabling extremely accurate control. As a result, special experimental cultivation and excellent varieties can be efficiently cultivated.

  Further, according to claim 4, when ON / OFF control of a plurality of coolers 3 is performed, fine conditions are set as control conditions, so that the cooling is always close to the set temperature regardless of the temperature change. In addition, since the final temperature adjustment is performed by the PTD control of the heater 4, extremely accurate temperature adjustment is possible.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to control the plant growth environment very accurately in the absence of wind, and various effects such as enabling experimental cultivation of a genetically modified plant can be achieved. is there.

  In the best mode of the present invention model, a plurality of coolers 3 of the air conditioner 10 are selectively operated, and the humidifier 5 and the heater 4 are combined to adjust the temperature and humidity in the chamber, and the ventilation fan 6 The adjustment air is blown into the chamber. A cylindrical cloth filter 20 provided with synthetic resin filament yarn is attached to the adjustment air outlet of the ventilation fan 6 disposed in the upper part of the chamber to suppress the wind at the outlet. The adjustment air is circulated from the upper space of the chamber with no wind around the plant, and the temperature and humidity of the circulation air are controlled by the digital indicating controller 1. The solenoid valves of the four coolers 3 of the air conditioner 10 are ON / OFF controlled by the digital indicating controller 1 and adjusted to be lower than the set temperature. The heater 4 is PID controlled to adjust the temperature in the chamber to a set temperature. The ventilation fan 6 of the air conditioner 10 is inverter-controlled, and the circulation ventilation frequency in the chamber is set to chamber volume (m 3) × 60 to 150 times / (h), and is arranged in the upper part of the chamber. A cylindrical cloth filter 20 made of synthetic resin filament yarn is attached to the adjusted air outlet, so that the wind at the outlet is suppressed and air is ventilated while keeping the temperature and humidity in the chamber uniform. To achieve the original goal.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. The chamber of the present invention is particularly used for experimental cultivation of a plant with a modified gene, but can also be used as a general plant cultivation chamber for the purpose of cultivation of excellent varieties. The chamber of the present invention may be of any shape, such as a room provided inside the enclosure or an independent unit house, but for experimental cultivation of plants with modified genes, it corresponds to the P1 level of gene containment facilities. Provide to do.

  A plurality of plant-growing lamps 30 that are program-controlled according to the purpose of cultivation are installed inside the chamber, and air-conditioning is performed so that heat generated from the plant-growing lamps 30 does not change the temperature and humidity inside the chamber. The air conditioner 10 is used for this air conditioning. This air conditioner 10 employs an indoor ventilation system. The air conditioner 10 in the illustrated example combines the humidifier 5, the heater 4, and the ventilation fan 6 with two cooling devices to adjust the temperature and humidity in the chamber.

  Each cooling device is obtained by connecting a plurality of cooling devices 3 in parallel to one outdoor unit 2, and at least two cooling devices are installed. Each cooler 3 of these cooling devices is selectively operated depending on the temperature conditions inside and outside the chamber. The operation of each cooler 3 is, for example, that all the coolers 3 are always operated at a constant output, and two electromagnetic valves provided in each cooler 3 are individually turned on / off by the digital indicating controller 1. Fine temperature adjustment is possible by controlling OFF and combining with various outputs. In the illustrated example, fine adjustment can be performed by ON / OFF control of a total of eight solenoid valves provided in the four coolers 3. In addition, since the two cooling devices have a backup function with each other, even if one of the outdoor units 2 or some of the coolers 3 malfunctions, the other outdoor unit 2 or the cooler 3 performs a compensation operation. It is possible. At this time, the number of outdoor units 2 and coolers 3 can be changed as appropriate depending on the volume of the chamber.

  Furthermore, in order to individually control these solenoid valves with the digital indicating controller 1, they are controlled at least under the following conditions. That is, the lighting temperature of the plant-growing lamp 30 arranged indoors and the indoor set temperature, the outdoor temperature in summer, the heat load conditions of various indoor devices, the heat load conditions from the indoor wall surface and window, and the intrusion into the room by opening and closing the door Heat load conditions to be introduced, external air introduction heat load conditions, human body heat load conditions of the worker entering the room, and rearing heat radiated from the plant. In particular, the use temperature of the plant-growing lamp 30 placed indoors, the outdoor temperature in summer, the thermal load conditions of various devices such as indoor analytical equipment and refrigerators, etc. are factors that cause the indoor temperature to change rapidly. Control conditions are set in advance for each use condition of each chamber. On the other hand, the human body heat load condition of the worker who enters the room and the growing heat radiated from the plant are slight changes, but are indispensable control conditions for carrying out accurate temperature adjustment.

  The heater 4 is adjusted to be lower than the set temperature by ON / OFF control of the cooler 3. After that, the air is adjusted to the set temperature by PID control. For example, an inverter-controlled room cooler used for home use has a large control temperature error and is not suitable for accurate temperature adjustment. Therefore, in the present invention, a plurality of industrial coolers 3 without inverter control are operated as described above, and the solenoid valves of each cooler 3 are selected and controlled in combination so that the temperature is close to the set temperature. It is cooling. The cooled air is adjusted to a set temperature by the heater 4. In this way, at the final stage of temperature adjustment, the heater 4 that is PID controlled by the digital indicating controller 1 can be used to enable temperature adjustment with extremely high accuracy.

  The humidifier 5 humidifies the air whose temperature has been adjusted by the cooler 3 or the heater 4, and is adjusted by the digital indicating controller 1. At this time, the humidifier 5 to be used can be continuously proportionally controlled by the digital indicating controller 1 by using an electrothermal steam generator, and a highly accurate humidity control effect can be obtained.

  The ventilation blower 6 is a device that blows adjusted air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted into the chamber. The relationship between the indoor temperature accuracy and the ventilation rate is: indoor temperature (m3) x 30 times / (h) when temperature accuracy is ± 1 ° C, indoor volume (m3) × 60 times / (when temperature accuracy is ± 0.5 ° C. h) When the temperature accuracy is ± 0.25 ° C., the indoor volume (m3) × 120 times / (h). Therefore, in the present invention, the ventilation fan 6 is for high static pressure ventilation by inverter control capable of ventilation of indoor volume (m3) × 150 times / (h) in order to achieve a temperature accuracy of ± 0.25 ° C. or less. A blower is used.

  On the other hand, a cylindrical cloth filter 20 is attached to an adjustment air blowout port extended from the ventilation fan 6 to the upper part of the chamber. The cloth filter 20 suppresses the wind at the outlet, and circulates the adjustment air from the upper space of the chamber with no wind around the plant. That is, when the ventilation fan 6 performs ventilation of the indoor volume (m3) × 150 times / (h) in order to achieve the temperature accuracy of ± 0.25 ° C. or less, the amount of air circulating in the room increases, so that The wind of the supplied adjustment air becomes stronger. However, by using the fabric filter 20 to suppress the wind at the air outlet, this wind is suppressed, enabling circulation that can be said to be a windless state around the plant. This cloth filter 20 is provided with a filament yarn made of synthetic resin, suppresses the wind at the outlet, does not generate dust from the cloth filter 20, has a water supply rate of 0%, does not generate mold, and is ventilated. There is also an effect of supplementing the dust blown by the blower 6.

  In the figure, reference numeral 40 denotes a sequencer, reference numeral 50 denotes an operating device, and reference numeral 60 denotes a control panel. Further, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and design changes, material substitutions, application changes, etc. of each component can be arbitrarily performed.

It is a schematic side view which shows one Example of this invention chamber. It is a schematic front view which shows the air conditioner of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the control relationship of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Digital indicating controller 2 Outdoor unit 3 Cooling machine 4 Heater 5 Humidifier 6 Ventilation fan 10 Air conditioner 20 Cloth filter 30 Plant growth lamp 40 Sequencer 50 Operation device 60 Control panel

Claims (5)

  A chamber for growing plants, and adjusts the temperature and humidity in the chamber to the set values with the digital indicator controller, including multiple cooling devices including backup units that are selectively operated according to the temperature conditions inside and outside the chamber. An air conditioner including a heater and a humidifier and a ventilation fan that blows the adjusted adjustment air into the chamber is provided, and the ventilation fan is provided in an adjustment air outlet disposed in an upper part of the chamber. A windless environment-type plant growth chamber that is equipped with a cylindrical cloth filter made of filament yarn made of synthetic resin to suppress wind at the outlet and to make no air ventilation while keeping the temperature and humidity uniform in the chamber .   The air conditioner is provided with a cooling device equipped with a plurality of coolers in one outdoor unit, and two electromagnetic valves provided in each cooler are turned on / off by the digital indicating controller. The windless environment type plant growth chamber according to claim 1, wherein the chamber is adjusted to be lower than a set temperature in the room by OFF control and is adjusted to be set to a set temperature in the chamber by PID control of the heater.   The ventilation blower sets the circulation ventilation frequency in the chamber to the chamber internal volume (m3) × 60 to 150 times / (h) by inverter control, and no air is blown through the cylindrical cloth filter. The windless environment type plant growth chamber according to claim 1 provided to ventilate.   The cooler enters the room by at least the indoor set temperature, summer outdoor temperature, indoor plant growth lamps and various equipment heat load conditions, heat conduction load conditions from indoor walls and windows, and door opening and closing. 3. No wind according to claim 1 or 2, which is set so as to control ON / OFF as a control condition of a heat load condition to be performed, an external air introduction heat load condition, a human body heat load condition of a worker entering the room, and a growth heat radiated from a plant. Environmental plant growth chamber.   A method for adjusting the temperature inside a chamber for growing plants, where a single outdoor unit is provided with a plurality of cooling devices equipped with a plurality of cooling devices, and the solenoid valves provided in each cooling device are digitally indicated. A windless environment-type plant growth chamber that adjusts to a set temperature in the chamber by PID control of the heater installed with the cooling device after ON / OFF control with a controller to adjust it below the set temperature in the room Temperature adjustment method.

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