JP2006263835A - Grinding device, grinding method and shaft manufactured using the grinding method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technique for improving the machining efficiency by grinding both end parts of a material to be cut such as a crankshaft at the same time. <P>SOLUTION: This grinding device includes: a center 21L supporting one side end part 11A of a shaft as the material 11 to be cut; a center 21R supporting the other side end part 11B of the shaft; a first grinding wheel 12L driven in rotation to grind the outer peripheral surface of one side end part 11A; a second grinding wheel 12R driven in rotation to grind the outer peripheral surface of the other end part 11B; and adjusting wheels 14L, 14R abutting on the outer peripheral surface of a journal part 11v of the material 11 to drive the material 11 in rotation, wherein while the adjusting wheels 14L, 14R are driven in rotation to rotate the material 11, the first grinding wheel 12L and the second grinding wheel 12R are driven in rotation to thereby grind the outer peripheral surfaces of one side end part 11A and the other side end part 11B at the same time. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to grinding of a crankshaft or the like of an engine with a grindstone, and more particularly to a processing apparatus and a processing method for grinding an end portion of a shaft member.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a technique for grinding a shaft member such as a crankshaft of an engine is well known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
For example, in the configuration of the grinding apparatus 40 shown in FIG. 6, an end portion 42a on one side of the material to be ground 41 constituting the shaft is connected to the main shaft 45 of the grinding apparatus via the keley 43 and the kelay stop jig 44, The workpiece 41 is rotated by driving the main shaft 45 and the surface of the workpiece 41 is ground by the grindstone 46.
Further, for a workpiece to be ground such as a shaft that requires a particularly high roundness or concentricity, it is necessary to process both end portions 42a and 42b as a center reference. 45 and the material 41 to be ground are connected.
Further, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for providing a plurality of grindstones so that a plurality of places can be ground simultaneously.
JP 2004-9295 A

In the connection structure using the kelay 43 as shown in FIG. 6, the end 42 a on the side connected to the kelay 43 cannot be ground by the grindstone 46. For this reason, first, it is necessary to grind the end portion 42b on the opposite side of the keret 43, then reverse the workpiece 41 and grind the other end portion 42a.
Further, when the end portions 42a and 42b are formed in different shapes such as a front portion and a rear inrow portion, for example, two grinding machines are required. In this case, it was necessary to secure a large installation space for the equipment.
As described above, in the connection structure using the conventional keley 43, the work to be reversed of the material to be ground 41 is required and the number of work steps is large, and it is necessary to install a reversing machine for reversing the material to be ground 41. There is a problem that it is necessary to secure a large installation space.

  In addition, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 enables simultaneous grinding of the crank pin, but does not disclose the grinding technique of the crankshaft end, and depending on this technique, the above-mentioned problem is not disclosed. It cannot be solved.

  In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a technique for improving machining efficiency by simultaneously grinding both ends of a material to be ground such as a crankshaft.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  That is, as described in claim 1, a center that supports one end of the material to be ground, a center that supports the other end of the material to be ground, and an outer peripheral surface of the one end are ground. A first grindstone that is rotationally driven as much as possible, a second grindstone that is rotationally driven to grind the outer peripheral surface of the other side end, and the outer peripheral surface of the material to be ground, and friction with the material to be ground An adjustment wheel that is driven to rotate by rotating the first wheel and the second grinding wheel while rotating the workpiece by rotating the adjustment wheel, and the one side end. The grinding device is configured to grind the outer peripheral surface of the part and the other end.

  Further, as described in claim 2, the first grindstone and the second grindstone are driven to rotate simultaneously.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first grindstone has an outer peripheral surface of a large and small shaft portion formed on the one side end portion, wherein the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion are formed adjacent to each other. Are provided with a grinding surface for grinding and a grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions.

  Further, as described in claim 4, the second grindstone has an outer peripheral surface of a large and small shaft portion formed adjacent to the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion, which is configured at the other end portion. Are provided with a grinding surface for grinding and a grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions.

  In addition, as described in claim 5, a portion of the first grindstone on the side farther from the material to be ground and a portion of the second grindstone on the side farther from the material to be ground are separated from each other. As described above, the central axis of the first grindstone and the central axis of the second grindstone are each inclined so as to form a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the workpiece. .

  In addition, as described in claim 6, while grinding one side end of the material to be ground to be rotated with a first grindstone, the other side end of the material to be ground with a second grindstone. By grinding, an outer peripheral surface of the one side end and the other side end is simultaneously ground.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the material to be ground is a grinding method in which both end portions thereof are supported by a center and are rotationally driven by an adjusting wheel that is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material to be ground.

  In addition, as described in claim 8, the first grindstone has an outer peripheral surface of a large and small shaft portion formed on the one side end portion so that a large diameter shaft portion and a small diameter shaft portion are adjacent to each other. And a grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions, and the large and small shaft portions and the side surface are ground simultaneously. And

  In addition, as described in claim 9, the second grindstone has an outer peripheral surface of a large and small shaft portion formed on the other side end portion so that a large diameter shaft portion and a small diameter shaft portion are formed adjacent to each other. And a grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions, and the large and small shaft portions and the side surfaces are ground simultaneously. The method.

  Further, as described in claim 10, the shaft is manufactured by the grinding method described in claims 6 to 9.

  In the invention according to the first aspect described above, since both end portions of the material to be ground can be ground at the same time, the grinding efficiency can be improved. Further, since it is not necessary to reverse the material to be ground, there is no need to install a reversing machine, and the equipment can be downsized.

  In the invention according to claim 2, since both end portions of the material to be ground can be ground at the same time, the grinding efficiency can be improved.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 3, even when a large and small shaft portion exists at the end portion, the outer peripheral surface of each shaft portion can be ground simultaneously, and the side surfaces existing between the shaft portions can also be simultaneously polished. Can be ground.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 4, even when a large and small shaft portion exists at the end portion, the outer peripheral surface of each shaft portion can be ground simultaneously, and the side surfaces existing between the shaft portions can be simultaneously processed. Can be ground.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 5, even when a load is applied to the material to be ground by the first and second grindstones to grind the side surface, it is possible to suppress the shake of the material to be ground in the central axis direction. Highly accurate grinding can be performed.

  In the invention according to claim 6, since both side ends of the material to be ground can be ground at the same time, the grinding efficiency can be improved. Further, since it is not necessary to reverse the material to be ground, there is no need to install a reversing machine, and the equipment can be downsized.

  In the invention according to claim 7, the outer peripheral surfaces of both end portions of the material to be ground can be opened to the outside, and both end portions can be ground simultaneously by the first grindstone and the second grindstone. .

  Further, in the invention described in claim 8, even when a large and small shaft portion exists at the end portion, the outer peripheral surface of each shaft portion can be ground simultaneously, and the side surfaces existing between the shaft portions can be simultaneously processed. Can be ground.

  Further, in the invention described in claim 9, even when a large and small shaft portion is present at the end portion, the outer peripheral surface of each shaft portion can be ground simultaneously, and the side surfaces existing between the shaft portions can also be ground simultaneously. Can be ground.

  In the invention according to the tenth aspect, it is possible to obtain a product in which both end portions are ground at the same time to improve the grinding efficiency.

  FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a grinding apparatus 1 according to the present invention. The grinding apparatus 1 includes a center 21L that supports an end surface 11L of one side end portion 11A of a shaft to be ground 11 and the shaft. A center 21R that supports the end surface 11R of the other side end portion 11B, a first grindstone 12L that is rotationally driven to grind the outer peripheral surface of the one side end portion 11A, and an outer peripheral surface of the other side end portion 11B. A second grindstone 12R that is rotationally driven to grind, and adjustment wheels 14L and 14R that abut on the outer peripheral surface of the journal portion 11v of the material to be ground 11 and rotationally drive the material 11 to be ground by friction. Then, the first wheel 12L and the second wheel 12R are rotationally driven while rotating the workpiece 11 by rotating the adjusting wheels 14L and 14R, and the one side end portion 11A and others Of the side end 11B It is an arrangement for simultaneously grinding the peripheral surface.

  The parts to be ground 11 shown in FIG. 1 are configured as a single crankshaft in which journal parts 11v, 11v,... Are joined via crank pins 11p and arms 11m, 11n. ing. In each of the arms 11m and 11n, the opposite side on which the crankpin 11p is arranged is constituted by a balance weight 11w.

Further, in FIG. 1, center holes are respectively provided in the end surface 11L of one side end portion 11A of the workpiece 11 arranged on the left side and the end surface 11R of the other side end portion 11B arranged on the right side. In the center holes, the tips of the centers 21L and 21R are inserted, respectively, and perfect circle processing (grinding processing) based on the centers 21L and 21R is possible.
Further, the one-side end portion 11A has a medium-diameter shaft portion 11a having a diameter smaller than that of the journal portion 11v and a small-diameter shaft portion 11b having a diameter smaller than that of the medium-diameter shaft portion 11a and supporting the end surface 11L by the center 21L. It consists of and. In addition, a large and small shaft portion formed by adjoining the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion from the medium diameter shaft portion 11a and the small diameter shaft portion 11b is configured as one end portion 11A. It has become.
On the other hand, the other-side end portion 11B has a large-diameter shaft portion 11c having a diameter larger than that of the journal portion 11v and a small-diameter shaft portion 11d whose diameter is smaller than that of the large-diameter shaft portion 11c and whose end surface 11R is supported by the center 21R. It consists of and. Further, a large and small shaft portion formed by adjoining the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion from the large diameter shaft portion 11c and the small diameter shaft portion 11d is configured as the other end portion 11b. It has become.
Further, in the above configuration, the one side end portion 11A is configured as a crankshaft front portion, and the other side end portion 11B is configured as a crankshaft rear-in-row coupling portion.

And the to-be-ground material 11 comprised as mentioned above is set to the grinding apparatus 1 with the end surfaces 11L and 11R of the one side end portion 11A and the other side end portion 11B supported by the centers 21L and 21R, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 1, the grinding apparatus 1 is provided with work rests 16 and 16 (three places in this embodiment) that support the journal portions 11v and 11v below.
If the material to be ground 11 can be reliably supported by the centers 21L and 21R, the installation of the work rests 16 and 16 can be omitted.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the grinding device 1 is provided with adjusting wheels 14 </ b> L and 14 </ b> R at positions facing the journal portions 11 v and 11 v in the longitudinal direction of the workpiece 11. The adjusting wheels 14L and 14R are in contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the journal portions 11v and 11v from the sides of the journal portions 11v and 11v, respectively.
In the present embodiment, the adjustment wheel 14L is opposed to the journal portion 11v adjacent to the one side end portion 11A, and the adjustment wheel 14R is opposed to the journal portion 11v adjacent to the other side end portion 11B.
As described above, the workpiece 11 is driven by the adjusting wheels 14L and 14R whose both ends 11L and 11R are supported by the centers 21L and 21R and abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 11. Thus, the outer peripheral surfaces of both end portions 11L and 11R of the workpiece 11 can be opened to the outside, and both end portions 11L and 11R are formed by a first grindstone 12L and a second grindstone 12R described later. Simultaneous grinding is possible.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the adjusting wheels 14L and 14R are driven to rotate by a driving device (not shown), and the journal portions 11v and 11v are caused to friction by the adjusting wheels 14L and 14R. The material to be ground 11 is driven to rotate.
The configuration of the adjusting wheels 14L and 14R is not particularly limited, but the adjusting wheels 14L and 14R can be driven in a frictional manner while the outer peripheral surfaces of the journal portions 11v and 11v are not damaged. The outer peripheral surface of 14R is preferably composed of an elastic member such as resin.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, when the material to be ground 11 is shaken during rotation, the grinding device 1 may be provided with a steadying jig 15.
The configuration of the steady rest jig 15 is not particularly limited, but has a resin-made rotating surface so that the outer peripheral surface of the journal portion 11v is not scratched or friction is generated. A structure is considered.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the grinding apparatus 1 is provided with a first grindstone 12 </ b> L so as to face the outer peripheral surface of the one side end portion 11 </ b> A and to face the outer peripheral surface of the other side end portion 11 </ b> B. A second grindstone 12R is disposed on the surface.
The first grindstone 12L and the second grindstone 12R are each driven to rotate by a driving device (not shown), and the rotating surfaces are brought into contact with the outer peripheral surfaces of the one-side end portion 11A and the other-side end portion 11B. Thus, the outer peripheral surface is ground.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the first grindstone 12L and the second grindstone 12R are respectively driven to rotate in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the material 11 to be ground, and the one side end portion 11A and the other side end portion 11B. The outer peripheral surface is ground.
Further, the first grindstone 12L and the second grindstone 12R are driven to rotate at the same time, so that the grinding of the one side end 11A and the grinding of the other side end 11B are performed simultaneously. Yes.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in the first grindstone 12L, a grinding surface that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the medium diameter shaft portion 11a so that the medium diameter shaft portion 11a and the small diameter shaft portion 11b can be ground simultaneously. 12a and the grinding surface 12b which contacts the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter shaft part 11b.
Further, the side surface of the step formed between the both grinding surfaces 12a and 12b is a grinding surface 12y for grinding the side surface 11y of the step formed between the medium diameter shaft portion 11a and the small diameter shaft portion 11b. It is configured. The side surface 11y is ground by the grinding surface 12y by bringing the grinding surface 12y into contact with the side surface 11y.
As described above, the first grindstone 12L grinds the outer peripheral surfaces of the large-diameter shaft portion (medium-diameter shaft portion 11a) and the small-diameter shaft portion (small-diameter shaft portion 11b) that are configured in the one-side end portion 11A. And a grinding surface 12y for grinding the side surface 11y between the large and small shaft portions, whereby the large and small shaft portions and the side surface 11y are ground simultaneously. It can be done.

Similarly, as shown in FIG. 4, in the second grindstone 12 </ b> R, grinding that abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter shaft portion 11 c so that the large-diameter shaft portion 11 c and the small-diameter shaft portion 11 d can be ground simultaneously. It has the surface 12c and the grinding surface 12d contact | abutted to the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter shaft part 11d.
Further, the side surface of the step formed between the both grinding surfaces 12c and 12d is a grinding surface 12z for grinding the side surface 11z of the step formed between the large diameter shaft portion 11c and the small diameter shaft portion 11d. It is configured. Then, by bringing the grinding surface 12z into contact with the side surface 11z, the side surface 11z is ground by the grinding surface 12z.
As described above, the second grindstone 12R grinds the outer peripheral surfaces of the large-diameter shaft portion (large-diameter shaft portion 11c) and the small-diameter shaft portion (small-diameter shaft portion 11d) that are formed on the other end portion 11B. The grinding surfaces 12c and 12d and the grinding surface 12z for grinding the side surface 11z between the large and small shaft portions are provided, so that the large and small shaft portions and the side surface 11z can be ground simultaneously. It is.

Further, a portion 12f of the first grindstone 12L shown in FIG. 3 on the side far from the workpiece 11 and a side of the second grindstone 12R shown in FIG. 4 far from the workpiece 11 are shown. The central axis 12m of the first grindstone 12L and the central axis 12n of the second grindstone 12R are respectively relative to the central axis 11g of the workpiece 11 so that the portions 12g are separated from each other. , And are inclined so as to form a predetermined angle α · β.
For the first grindstone 12L, a load is applied in a direction in which the grinding surface 12y abuts on the side surface 11y, and for the second grindstone 12R, the grinding surface 12z abuts on the side surface 11z. Even when a load is applied, the directions of the loads generated on the material 11 to be ground due to the two loads (the loads received by the grinding surfaces 12y and 12z) are opposite to each other, and therefore, both the loads are balanced.
With the above configuration, even when a load is applied to the material to be ground 11 by both the grindstones 12L and 12R in order to grind the side surfaces 11y and 11z, the vibration of the material to be ground 11 in the direction of the central axis 11g can be suppressed. Precision grinding can be performed.
It should be noted that the predetermined angles α and β are preferably set to be substantially the same from the viewpoint of preventing the workpiece 11 from swinging in the direction of the central axis 11g. Further, the predetermined angles α and β are set to angles at which the grinding surfaces 12y and 12z are substantially parallel to the side surfaces 11y and 11z that are the surfaces to be ground.

  Further, in addition to the material to be ground in the form of the crankshaft described above, as shown in FIG. 5, the material to be ground 30 such as a camshaft in which the shapes of the front end portion 30A and the rear end portion 30B are different from each other. According to the invention, the front end 30A and the rear end 30B can be ground simultaneously.

As described above, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, one side end portion 11 </ b> A of the workpiece 11 to be rotated is ground by the first grindstone 12 </ b> L and the other side of the workpiece 11 is ground. By grinding the end portion 11B with the second grindstone 12R, the outer peripheral surfaces of the one side end portion 11A and the other side end portion 11B are ground simultaneously.
Thereby, since the both-sides edge part of the to-be-ground material 11 can be ground simultaneously, the improvement of grinding efficiency is achieved. Moreover, since it is not necessary to reverse the material 11 to be ground, there is no need to install a reversing machine, and the equipment can be downsized.

In addition, the workpiece 11 is rotationally driven by adjusting wheels 14L and 14R whose both ends 11L and 11R are supported by centers 21L and 21R and abutted against the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece 11. Yes.
Thereby, the outer peripheral surfaces of both end portions 11L and 11R of the workpiece 11 can be opened to the outside, and the both end portions 11L and 11R can be ground simultaneously by the first grindstone 12L and the second grindstone 12R. Become.

The first grindstone 12L includes grinding surfaces 12a and 12b for grinding the outer peripheral surfaces of the large and small shaft portions (medium diameter shaft portion 11a and small diameter shaft portion 11b) formed on the one side end portion 11A. A grinding surface 12y for grinding the side surface 11y between the large and small shaft portions is provided, and the large and small shaft portions and the side surface 11y are ground at the same time.
The second grindstone 12R includes grinding surfaces 12c and 12d for grinding the outer peripheral surfaces of the large and small shaft portions (large diameter shaft portion 11c and small diameter shaft portion 11d) formed on the other end portion 11B, respectively. A grinding surface 12z for grinding a side surface 11z between the large and small shaft portions is provided, and the large and small shaft portions and the side surface 11z are ground at the same time.
As a result, even when there are large and small shaft portions at the end, the outer peripheral surface of each shaft portion can be ground simultaneously, and the side surfaces 11y and 11z existing between the shaft portions can also be ground simultaneously. .

  In addition, the product processed by the above grinding method has improved grinding efficiency, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced, so that the cost of the product can be reduced.

The top view shown about the structure of the grinding device which concerns on this invention. The figure explaining the rotation direction of rotary bodies, such as an adjustment wheel. The figure explaining the grinding of the one side edge part by a 1st grindstone. The figure explaining grinding of the other side edge part by the 2nd grindstone. The figure shown about the structure of the cam shaft which can be ground by this invention. The top view shown about the structure of the conventional grinding apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grinding device 11 To-be-ground material 11A One side edge part 11B Other side edge part 12L 1st whetstone 12R 2nd whetstone 14L Adjustment wheel 14R Adjustment wheel 21L Center 21R Center

Claims (10)

A center that supports one end of the material to be ground;
A center for supporting the other end of the material to be ground;
A first grindstone that is rotationally driven to grind the outer peripheral surface of the one side end,
A second grindstone that is rotationally driven to grind the outer peripheral surface of the other side end,
An adjusting wheel that contacts the outer peripheral surface of the material to be ground and rotates the material to be ground by friction, and
While rotating the adjustment wheel to rotate the workpiece,
Rotating and driving the first grindstone and the second grindstone,
A grinding apparatus configured to grind the outer peripheral surfaces of the one side end and the other side end.   The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first grindstone and the second grindstone are driven to rotate simultaneously. The first grindstone includes grinding surfaces for grinding the outer peripheral surfaces of the large and small shaft portions, which are formed adjacent to the large-diameter shaft portion and the small-diameter shaft portion, respectively, at the one side end portion. A grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions;
The grinding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the grinding apparatus is characterized. The second grindstone includes grinding surfaces for grinding the outer peripheral surfaces of the large and small shaft portions, which are formed on the other side end portion and adjacent to the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion, respectively. A grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions;
The grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grinding apparatus is characterized. A portion of the first grindstone on the side far from the material to be ground;
The parts on the far side from the material to be ground of the second grindstone are separated from each other,
The central axis of the first grindstone and the central axis of the second grindstone are:
Each is inclined to form a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the workpiece.
The grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the grinding apparatus is characterized. While grinding one end of the material to be ground with the first grindstone,
By grinding the other side end of the material to be ground with a second grindstone,
The grinding method which grinds the outer peripheral surface of the said one side edge part and an other side edge part simultaneously. Both ends of the material to be ground are supported at the center,
It is rotationally driven by an adjustment wheel that is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the material to be ground.
The grinding method according to claim 6, wherein: The first grindstone is
A grinding surface for grinding each of the outer peripheral surfaces of the large and small shaft portions formed adjacent to the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion, which is configured at the one side end portion;
A grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions;
The large and small shaft portions and the side surfaces are ground simultaneously.
The grinding method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the grinding method is characterized. The second grindstone is
A grinding surface for grinding each of the outer peripheral surfaces of the large and small shaft portions formed adjacent to the large diameter shaft portion and the small diameter shaft portion, which is configured at the other side end portion,
A grinding surface for grinding a side surface between the large and small shaft portions;
The large and small shaft portions and the side surfaces are ground simultaneously.
The grinding method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the grinding method is characterized.   A shaft manufactured by the grinding method according to any one of claims 6 to 9.

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