JP2006255676A - Method for separating lignin substance - Google Patents

Method for separating lignin substance Download PDF

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JP2006255676A
JP2006255676A JP2005080607A JP2005080607A JP2006255676A JP 2006255676 A JP2006255676 A JP 2006255676A JP 2005080607 A JP2005080607 A JP 2005080607A JP 2005080607 A JP2005080607 A JP 2005080607A JP 2006255676 A JP2006255676 A JP 2006255676A
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biomass
hot water
lignin
aqueous solution
lignin substance
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Atsushi Sakai
敦 阪井
Mitsuru Kondo
満 近藤
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Kansai Research Institute KRI Inc
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Kansai Research Institute KRI Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To effectively utilize biomass by extracting a lignin substance from biomass by using hot water (subcritical water) without using any chemical such as an acid and an alkali while saving energy or by decomposing cellulose contained much in biomass, recovering as a biomass aqueous solution, particularly, as a glucose aqueous solution and using the recovered glucose aqueous solution as a raw material when methane fermentation, ethanol fermentation or butanol fermentation is performed and to optimize a biomass utilization system including a heat recovering method. <P>SOLUTION: A method for separating the lignin substance comprises the steps of: treating biomass with hot water having the pressure equal to or higher than normal pressure and not higher than 5 MPa and the temperature of ≥ 180°C and ≤374°C to obtain the biomass aqueous solution; cooling the obtained biomass aqueous solution to ≥100°C and <180°C to lower the solubility of the lignin substance in hot water; and separating an extract dissolved in hot water into the liquid lignin substance and the biomass aqueous solution. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、バイオマスからリグニン物質およびグルコースを製造するために特に好適に用いられるリグニン物質分離方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、熱水を用いてバイオマスからリグニン物質を抽出、分離回収するリグニン物質分離方法に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a method for separating a lignin substance particularly preferably used for producing a lignin substance and glucose from biomass. More specifically, the present invention relates to a lignin material separation method for extracting, separating and recovering a lignin material from biomass using hot water.

バイオマスを亜臨界水または超臨界水で処理して、リグニン状物質を得る技術としては、酸やアルカリなどの分解を促進する薬剤を添加する方法が知られている。
特許文献１には、超臨界流体に、酸またはアルカリを添加し、臨界点以上の温度で木材を処理する脱リグニン方法（パルプの製造方法）が開示されている。
特許文献２には、亜臨界水または超臨界水を用いて、天然又は合成高分子物質を加水分解または熱分解する方法が開示されている。２重量％以下の酸を添加し、セルロースの場合は、反応生成物としてグルコースを回収している。 As a technique for obtaining a lignin-like substance by treating biomass with subcritical water or supercritical water, a method of adding a chemical that promotes decomposition of acid, alkali or the like is known.
Patent Document 1 discloses a delignification method (pulp manufacturing method) in which an acid or an alkali is added to a supercritical fluid and wood is treated at a temperature equal to or higher than the critical point.
Patent Document 2 discloses a method of hydrolyzing or thermally decomposing a natural or synthetic polymer substance using subcritical water or supercritical water. 2% by weight or less of acid is added, and in the case of cellulose, glucose is recovered as a reaction product.

また、特許文献３には、熱水または水蒸気でリグノセルロースを処理し、リグニンを変性させ、アルカノールアミンでリグニンを抽出する方法が開示されている。
特表平０４−５０６５４４号公報 特開平０５−０３１０００号公報 特表２００２−５４１３５５号公報 Patent Document 3 discloses a method of treating lignocellulose with hot water or steam to denature lignin and extracting lignin with alkanolamine.
JP-T 04-506544 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-031000 JP-T-2002-541355

しかしながら、上記特許文献１〜３記載の方法では、リグニンを亜臨界水、水蒸気、超臨界水で抽出する場合に、酸やアルカリを使用しており、酸やアルカリの回収工程や抽出に用いた水を廃棄しなければならない問題を有している。   However, in the methods described in Patent Documents 1 to 3, when lignin is extracted with subcritical water, water vapor, or supercritical water, an acid or an alkali is used, and the lignin is used for an acid or alkali recovery step or extraction. Has the problem of having to discard the water.

また、抽出溶媒として、水蒸気や超臨界水を用いる場合は、熱エネルギーが熱水抽出に比較して、増大してしまう問題を有している。   Further, when steam or supercritical water is used as the extraction solvent, there is a problem that the thermal energy increases as compared with hot water extraction.

本発明は以上のような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、酸やアルカリなどの薬剤を一切用いず、熱水（亜臨界水）を用いて、バイオマスからリグニン物質を省エネルギーで抽出することにより、環境にやさしくかつ高効率なリグニン物質分離方法を提供することにある。さらに、バイオマス中に多く含まれるセルロースを分解し、バイオマス水溶液、特にグルコース水溶液として回収することにより、メタン発酵、エタノール発酵、ブタノール発酵の原料として使用可能とすること特徴とするバイオマスの有効利用、ならびに熱回収を含めたそのシステムの最適化を行なうことにある。   The present invention has been made in view of the circumstances as described above, and its purpose is to save energy of lignin from biomass using hot water (subcritical water) without using any chemicals such as acid and alkali. By extracting, it is providing the environmentally friendly and highly efficient lignin substance separation method. Furthermore, by effectively decomposing cellulose contained in the biomass and recovering it as an aqueous biomass solution, particularly an aqueous glucose solution, it is possible to use it as a raw material for methane fermentation, ethanol fermentation, butanol fermentation, and effective use of biomass, The goal is to optimize the system, including heat recovery.

本願発明者等は、上記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した。その結果、本発明者は、従来技術の現状に留意しつつ鋭意研究を重ねた結果、酸やアルカリなどの薬剤を一切用いず、常圧（０．１ＭＰａ）以上５ＭＰａ以下、１８０℃〜３７４℃以下の熱水により処理されたバイオマス由来リグニン物質、およびセルロースを分解することにより得られるバイオマス水溶液、特にグルコース水溶液を５ＭＰａ以下の圧力において、１００℃〜１８０℃に冷却することにより省エネルギーで分離、回収できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。   The inventors of the present application have made extensive studies in order to achieve the above object. As a result, the present inventor conducted extensive research while paying attention to the current state of the prior art. As a result, the present inventor did not use any chemicals such as acids and alkalis, and the normal pressure (0.1 MPa) to 5 MPa, 180 ° C. to 374 ° C. Biomass-derived lignin material treated with the following hot water, and biomass aqueous solution obtained by decomposing cellulose, especially glucose aqueous solution at a pressure of 5 MPa or less, it is separated and recovered with energy saving by cooling to 100 to 180 ° C The present inventors have found that this can be done and have completed the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は下記のリグニン物質の分離方法に関するものである。   That is, the present invention relates to the following method for separating a lignin substance.

請求項１記載のリグニン物質分離方法は、上記の課題を解決するために、常圧以上５ＭＰａ以下、１８０℃以上３７４℃以下の熱水によりバイオマスを処理して得られたバイオマス処理液を、１００℃以上１８０℃未満に冷却し、リグニン物質の前記熱水に対する溶解度を低下させ、前記熱水に溶解した抽出物を液状のリグニン物質とバイオマス水溶液とに分離することを特徴としている。   In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the lignin substance separation method according to claim 1 uses a biomass treatment liquid obtained by treating biomass with hot water at a normal pressure of 5 MPa or less and 180 ° C. or more and 374 ° C. or less. It is characterized in that it is cooled to not lower than 180 ° C. and lower than 180 ° C., the solubility of the lignin substance in the hot water is lowered, and the extract dissolved in the hot water is separated into a liquid lignin substance and an aqueous biomass solution.

上記の構成によれば、上記範囲内の熱水を用いることで、熱水を蒸発させることがないので、熱エネルギーの消費量が少なく、地球環境にやさしい条件下で、リグニン物質、およびバイオマス水溶液を抽出、分離回収することができる。   According to the above configuration, since hot water is not evaporated by using the hot water within the above range, the consumption of thermal energy is low and the lignin substance and the biomass aqueous solution are used under conditions friendly to the global environment. Can be extracted, separated and recovered.

請求項２記載のリグニン物質の製造方法は、上記の課題を解決するために、バイオマス処理液を１００℃〜１８０℃に冷却する際に、絶対圧力を常温以上５ＭＰａ以下に保持することを特徴としている。   The method for producing a lignin substance according to claim 2 is characterized in that when the biomass treatment liquid is cooled to 100 ° C. to 180 ° C., the absolute pressure is maintained at room temperature or higher and 5 MPa or lower in order to solve the above-described problem. Yes.

上記の構成によれば、バイオマス処理液を上記温度範囲内に冷却する際にも圧力範囲を所定範囲に保持することで、熱水を蒸発させないので、熱エネルギーの消費量が少なく、地球環境にやさしいリグニン物質、およびバイオマス水溶液を抽出、分離回収することができる。   According to the above configuration, since the hot water is not evaporated by maintaining the pressure range within the predetermined range even when the biomass treatment liquid is cooled within the temperature range, the consumption of heat energy is small, and the global environment is reduced. Easy lignin substance and biomass aqueous solution can be extracted, separated and recovered.

請求項３記載のリグニン物質分離方法は液状のリグニン物質を分離したバイオマス水溶液を回収することを特徴としている。   The lignin substance separation method according to claim 3 is characterized in that an aqueous biomass solution from which the liquid lignin substance has been separated is recovered.

上記の構成によれば、回収されたグルコース溶液等のバイオマス水溶液を、例えば、殺菌なしにメタン発酵、エタノール発酵、ブタノール発酵の原料とすることにより有効に利用することが可能である。   According to said structure, it is possible to utilize effectively by using the biomass aqueous solution, such as collect | recovered glucose solutions, as a raw material of methane fermentation, ethanol fermentation, and butanol fermentation, for example, without sterilization.

請求項４記載のリグニン物質の製造方法は、上記の課題を解決するために、バイオマスが農業廃棄物、林産廃棄物、産業廃棄物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも１種の廃棄物であることを特徴としている。   In the method for producing a lignin substance according to claim 4, in order to solve the above problem, the biomass is at least one kind of waste selected from the group consisting of agricultural waste, forestry waste, and industrial waste. It is a feature.

上記の構成によれば、廃棄するバイオマスを有効に物質として回収使用することが可能となる。   According to said structure, it becomes possible to collect | recover and use the biomass to discard effectively as a substance.

酸やアルカリなどの薬剤を一切用いず、省エネルギーで、バイオマスからリグニンおよびグルコース水溶液を回収することができ、抽出したリグニンはリグニンプラスチックとして、セルロースを分解して得られたバイオマス水溶液、特にグルコース水溶液は高温で処理されているため、殺菌なしにメタン発酵、エタノール発酵、ブタノール発酵の原料とすることにより有効に利用することができる。
また、本発明のリグニン物質分離方法により、例えば、バイオマス由来物質の回収におけるシステム構成を適宜構築することにより、熱エネルギー試算、および物質収支計算によるプロセスの最適化を図ることができる。これにより、抽出残渣を含め、廃棄するバイオマスを有効に物質および熱エネルギーとして回収使用することが可能となる。 Lignin and glucose aqueous solution can be recovered from biomass without using any chemicals such as acid and alkali, and energy can be recovered. The extracted lignin is used as lignin plastic, and the biomass aqueous solution obtained by decomposing cellulose, especially glucose aqueous solution, Since it is processed at high temperature, it can be used effectively by using it as a raw material for methane fermentation, ethanol fermentation, and butanol fermentation without sterilization.
In addition, with the lignin substance separation method of the present invention, for example, by appropriately constructing a system configuration in the recovery of biomass-derived substances, it is possible to optimize the process by thermal energy trial calculation and substance balance calculation. Thereby, it becomes possible to effectively recover and use the discarded biomass including the extraction residue as a substance and heat energy.

本発明の一実施形態について以下に説明する。
本発明におけるバイオマスとは、リグニンを含むバイオマスであれば特に限定されないが、農業廃棄物、林産廃棄物、水産廃棄物、産業廃棄物、一般廃棄物、栽培作物などが例示される。 One embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
The biomass in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a biomass containing lignin, and examples thereof include agricultural waste, forestry waste, aquatic waste, industrial waste, general waste, and cultivated crops.

農業廃棄物としては、籾殻、稲わら、麦わら、バガス、とうもろこしかす、大豆かすなどを例示し得る。
林産廃棄物としては、林地残材、間伐材、工場残廃材などを例示し得る。
水産廃棄物としては、海草類を例示し得る。
産業廃棄物としては、下水汚泥、食品工場残渣、食品工場排水汚泥、建築廃材、剪定残渣などを例示し得る。
一般廃棄物としては、食品廃棄物を例示し得る。 Examples of agricultural wastes include rice husks, rice straw, wheat straw, bagasse, corn and soybean meal.
Examples of forest waste may include forest residue, thinned wood, and factory waste.
As seafood waste, seaweeds can be exemplified.
Examples of industrial waste may include sewage sludge, food factory residue, food factory wastewater sludge, building waste, and pruning residue.
As general waste, food waste can be exemplified.

栽培作物としては、さとうきび、てんさい、水陸稲、ばれいしょ、かんしょ、さといも、とうもろこし、針葉樹、広葉樹、ささ、竹、落花生、大豆、海草などを例示し得る。
バイオマスの有効利用の観点およびリグニン含有量の観点からは、農業廃棄物、林産廃棄物、産業廃棄物が好ましい。リグニン含有量および廃棄物の処理の観点からは、籾殻、稲わら、麦わら、とうもろこしかす、林地残材、間伐材、工場残廃材、建築廃材、剪定残渣が特に好ましい。 Examples of cultivated crops include sugar cane, sugar beet, paddy rice, potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, corn, conifer, broadleaf, bamboo, peanut, soybean, seaweed and the like.
From the viewpoint of effective use of biomass and lignin content, agricultural waste, forestry waste, and industrial waste are preferable. From the viewpoint of lignin content and waste disposal, rice husk, rice straw, straw, corn, forest land, thinned wood, factory waste, building waste, and pruning residue are particularly preferred.

本発明で用いる抽出容器の材質は、熱水およびバイオマスの分解物を含む熱水の操作温度、操作圧力において、耐久性を有しておれば特に限定はされない。   The material of the extraction container used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has durability at the operating temperature and operating pressure of hot water containing hot water and biomass decomposition products.

容器材料としては、炭素鋼、高クロム鋼、ステンレス鋼、ニッケル合金、チタン合金などを例示できる。また、容器材質は、単独材料のみならず、炭素鋼、高クロム鋼、ステンレス鋼などに、セラミックライニング、樹脂ライニング、貴金属ライニング、ニッケルライニング、チタンライニングしたものを例示し得る。   Examples of the container material include carbon steel, high chromium steel, stainless steel, nickel alloy, titanium alloy and the like. Examples of the container material include not only a single material but also carbon steel, high chromium steel, stainless steel, etc., ceramic lining, resin lining, noble metal lining, nickel lining, and titanium lining.

抽出操作は、バッチ式、半連続式、連続式のいずれでもかまわない。
バッチ式の場合は、所定量のバイオマスおよび水を抽出容器に仕込んだのち、所定温度、所定圧力に調整され、熱水中にリグニン物質を抽出する。バイオマスの形状は特に限定されないが、抽出時間を短くする観点からは、数センチメートル以下のチップ状が好ましい。抽出容器の加熱は特に限定されないが、抽出容器の外部、または内部加熱コイルにより加熱される。加熱媒体も特に限定されないが、高圧蒸気、高圧水、熱媒体油、燃焼ガス、高温ガスなどを例示し得る。また、電気による誘導加熱も適用し得る。
半連続式の場合は、所定量のバイオマスを抽出容器に仕込んだのち、所定温度の熱水が抽出容器に供給され、熱水中にリグニン物質を抽出する。バイオマスの形状は特に限定されないが、抽出時間を短くする観点からは、数センチメートル以下のチップ状が好ましい。熱水を供給するポンプは、特に限定されないが、ダイヤフラム式、プランジャー式、スネーク式、ギア式、渦巻き式などを例示し得る。抽出容器の加熱は特に限定されないが、抽出容器の外部、または内部加熱コイルにより加熱される。また、熱水供給部分に熱交換器を設けて、水を加熱することも可能である。加熱媒体も特に限定されないが、高圧蒸気、高圧水、熱媒体油、燃焼ガス、高温ガスなどを例示し得る。また、電気による誘導加熱も適用し得る。
連続式の場合は、１ミリメートル程度に粉砕されたバイオマスと水との混合物をスラリーポンプで、所定圧力まで昇圧し、抽出容器に供給する。スラリーを供給するポンプは、特に限定されないが、ダイヤフラム式、プランジャー式、スネーク式、ギア式、渦巻き式などを例示し得る。抽出容器の加熱は特に限定されないが、抽出容器の外部、または内部加熱コイルにより加熱される。また、スラリー供給部分に熱交換器を設けて、水を加熱することも可能である。加熱媒体も特に限定されないが、高圧蒸気、高圧水、熱媒体油、燃焼ガス、高温ガスなどを例示し得る。また、電気による誘導加熱も適用し得る。
本発明のリグニン分離方法において、バイオマスを処理する際の熱水の圧力・温度条件は、常圧以上５ＭＰａ以下、かつ、１８０℃以上３７４℃以下であり、より好ましくは、１ＭＰａ以上５ＭＰａ以下、かつ、１８０℃以上３００℃未満であり、さらに好ましくは、１．５ＭＰａ以上４ＭＰａ以下、かつ、２００℃以上２５０℃未満である。
分離回収の操作圧力は、抽出時の温度、および圧力にも依存するが、熱水が沸騰しない圧力以上に保持されていれば問題なく、通常は、常圧以上５ＭＰａ以下が選択される。
バイオマス処理液を冷却する際の操作温度は、１００℃以上１８０℃未満の間で適宜選択される。１００℃より温度が低い場合は、熱エネルギーを多くロスし、１８０℃以上である場合は、バイオマス処理液からのリグニンの分離が十分でなく、さらに、グルコースがさらに低分子化合物となるため、好ましくない。バイオマス処理液を冷却する際の操作温度（冷却保持温度）として、１２０℃〜１５０℃を選択した場合、バイオマス処理液からのリグニンの分離度、熱エネルギーの消費の観点から好ましい。 The extraction operation may be batch type, semi-continuous type or continuous type.
In the case of the batch type, a predetermined amount of biomass and water are charged into an extraction container, and then adjusted to a predetermined temperature and a predetermined pressure to extract a lignin substance into hot water. Although the shape of biomass is not particularly limited, a chip shape of several centimeters or less is preferable from the viewpoint of shortening the extraction time. The heating of the extraction container is not particularly limited, but it is heated by an external heating coil or an internal heating coil. The heating medium is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include high-pressure steam, high-pressure water, heat medium oil, combustion gas, and high-temperature gas. Also, induction heating by electricity can be applied.
In the case of the semi-continuous type, after a predetermined amount of biomass is charged into the extraction container, hot water at a predetermined temperature is supplied to the extraction container, and the lignin substance is extracted into the hot water. Although the shape of biomass is not particularly limited, a chip shape of several centimeters or less is preferable from the viewpoint of shortening the extraction time. Although the pump which supplies hot water is not specifically limited, A diaphragm type, a plunger type, a snake type, a gear type, a spiral type etc. can be illustrated. The heating of the extraction container is not particularly limited, but it is heated by an external heating coil or an internal heating coil. It is also possible to heat the water by providing a heat exchanger in the hot water supply part. The heating medium is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include high-pressure steam, high-pressure water, heat medium oil, combustion gas, and high-temperature gas. Also, induction heating by electricity can be applied.
In the case of a continuous type, a mixture of biomass and water pulverized to about 1 millimeter is pressurized to a predetermined pressure by a slurry pump and supplied to an extraction container. The pump for supplying the slurry is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a diaphragm type, a plunger type, a snake type, a gear type, and a spiral type. The heating of the extraction container is not particularly limited, but it is heated by an external heating coil or an internal heating coil. It is also possible to heat the water by providing a heat exchanger in the slurry supply part. The heating medium is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include high-pressure steam, high-pressure water, heat medium oil, combustion gas, and high-temperature gas. Also, induction heating by electricity can be applied.
In the lignin separation method of the present invention, the pressure and temperature conditions of hot water when treating biomass are normal pressure and 5 MPa or less, and 180 ° C. or more and 374 ° C. or less, more preferably 1 MPa or more and 5 MPa or less, and 180 ° C. or higher and lower than 300 ° C., more preferably 1.5 MPa or higher and 4 MPa or lower, and 200 ° C. or higher and lower than 250 ° C.
The operation pressure for separation and recovery depends on the temperature and pressure at the time of extraction, but there is no problem as long as the hot water is kept above the pressure at which it does not boil. Normally, the pressure is selected from normal pressure to 5 MPa.
The operating temperature for cooling the biomass treatment liquid is appropriately selected between 100 ° C. and less than 180 ° C. When the temperature is lower than 100 ° C, a large amount of heat energy is lost. When the temperature is higher than 180 ° C, lignin is not sufficiently separated from the biomass treatment liquid, and glucose is further reduced to a low molecular weight compound. Absent. In the case where 120 ° C. to 150 ° C. is selected as the operation temperature (cooling holding temperature) when cooling the biomass treatment liquid, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the degree of separation of lignin from the biomass treatment liquid and the consumption of heat energy.

所定時間の抽出操作を行い、熱水中にリグニンを抽出し、残存する固形分を上記の条件により分離し、リグニン物質、およびバイオマス水溶液を得ることができる。抽出されるリグニンの分子量（重量平均分子量）は、プラスチック原料とするために、３００から５０００であることが好ましい。望ましい流動性、軟化点の観点からは、分子量は５００から３０００であることが特に好ましい。   An extraction operation for a predetermined time is performed, lignin is extracted into hot water, and the remaining solid content is separated under the above conditions to obtain a lignin substance and an aqueous biomass solution. The molecular weight (weight average molecular weight) of the extracted lignin is preferably 300 to 5000 in order to obtain a plastic raw material. From the viewpoint of desirable fluidity and softening point, the molecular weight is particularly preferably 500 to 3,000.

粒子径１ｍｍに粉砕した廃木材チップ（ひのき）３．６ｇを、３５ｃｍ３のステンレス容器に封入し、水を毎分２．４ｃｍ３流通させながら、２５０℃まで１５分で昇温し、２５０℃、５ＭＰａに保持した。このときの滞留時間は１５分となった。回収部を１２０℃に保持し、各留分を一定時間毎にサンプリングし、水可溶分を高速液体クロマトグラフにより、グルコース濃度を測定し、固形分原料重量に対して１５％の回収率を得た。 3.6 g of waste wood chips (hinoki) ground to a particle size of 1 mm are sealed in a 35 cm 3 stainless steel container and heated up to 250 ° C. in 15 minutes while circulating water at a rate of 2.4 cm 3 per minute. The pressure was maintained at 5 MPa. The residence time at this time was 15 minutes. The recovery unit is maintained at 120 ° C., each fraction is sampled at regular intervals, the glucose concentration is measured with a high-performance liquid chromatograph, and the recovery rate is 15% with respect to the solid content weight. Obtained.

本発明のリグニン物質分離方法の用途としては、バイオマスからリグニン物質を抽出し、プラスチック材料として利用することが挙げられる。さらに、セルロースについても分解し、バイオマス水溶液、特にグルコース水溶液として回収することにより、殺菌なしにメタン発酵、エタノール発酵、ブタノール発酵の原料とすることができる。特に、廃棄されている農業廃棄物、林産廃棄物、産業廃棄物を原料として利用することにより、地球環境問題に貢献できる。








As an application of the lignin substance separation method of the present invention, a lignin substance is extracted from biomass and used as a plastic material. Furthermore, cellulose can also be decomposed and recovered as a biomass aqueous solution, particularly a glucose aqueous solution, so that it can be used as a raw material for methane fermentation, ethanol fermentation, and butanol fermentation without sterilization. In particular, it can contribute to global environmental problems by using discarded agricultural, forestry, and industrial wastes as raw materials.








Claims (4)

常圧以上５ＭＰａ以下、１８０℃以上３７４℃以下の熱水によりバイオマスを処理して得られたバイオマス処理液を、１００℃以上１８０℃未満に冷却し、リグニン物質の前記熱水に対する溶解度を低下させ、前記熱水に溶解した抽出物を液状のリグニン物質とバイオマス水溶液とに分離することを特徴とするリグニン物質分離方法。 The biomass treatment liquid obtained by treating biomass with hot water at normal pressure or higher and 5 MPa or lower and 180 ° C. or higher and 374 ° C. or lower is cooled to 100 ° C. or higher and lower than 180 ° C., thereby reducing the solubility of the lignin substance in the hot water. A method for separating a lignin substance, wherein the extract dissolved in the hot water is separated into a liquid lignin substance and an aqueous biomass solution. バイオマス処理液を１００℃以上１８０℃未満に冷却する際に、絶対圧力を、常圧以上５ＭＰａ以下に保持することを特徴とする請求項１記載のリグニン物質分離方法。 The lignin substance separation method according to claim 1, wherein when the biomass treatment liquid is cooled to 100 ° C or higher and lower than 180 ° C, the absolute pressure is maintained at normal pressure or higher and 5 MPa or lower. 液状のリグニン物質を分離除去したバイオマス水溶液を回収することを特徴とする請求項１または２記載のリグニン物質抽出方法。 The method for extracting a lignin substance according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biomass aqueous solution from which the liquid lignin substance is separated and removed is recovered. バイオマスが農業廃棄物、林産廃棄物、産業廃棄物からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも１種の廃棄物である請求項１〜３のいずれか１項記載のリグニン物質抽出方法。














The lignin substance extraction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the biomass is at least one kind of waste selected from the group consisting of agricultural waste, forestry waste, and industrial waste.














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