JP2006246879A - Plant cultivating apparatus and method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus and a method for plant cultivation carrying out a local cooling to facilitate plant growth and fruit coloring with suppressed capital investment. <P>SOLUTION: The invention relates to the plant cultivating apparatus supplying air with conditioned temperature and humidity from a tip of pipe fitting 11 into a bag 6 for fruit, for scattering the air to heat or cool the local point of the plant, wherein the conditioned air is obtained by introducing compressed air from a pipe fitting 9 to a vortex tube 10 and feeding warm wind and cool wind obtained by the vortex tube 10 into each flowing pipe fitting 17, 18 and adjusting the feeding rate of the warm wind and the cool wind and then mixing with a three-way valve 19, the apparatus inexpensively feeds the air with conditioned temperature and humidity to the local point of plant by the simple apparatus without necessitating heat-exchanger, etc., and facilitates coloring of grapes, etc., promote growth of plants, preventing disease, realizing a high quality cultivation of the plant in a district with more genial climate, and expansion of growing season to summer in plants cultured in winter in addition to the improvement of quality in cultivating in a district suitable for cultivating. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant cultivation apparatus and method for cultivating by controlling the surrounding environment of a part of various plants.

It is well known that the degree of coloring of edible fruits such as grapes is an indicator of grape quality. For example, coloring of fruits such as red grapes requires placing the fruits in a low-temperature atmosphere, and in order to cultivate good-quality grapes or the like, the temperature environment is performed in a region suitable for cultivation, as shown in FIG. Thus, the entire vine in the vineyard greenhouse 28 is cooled. However, the former cultivation method has a problem that the cultivation area is limited to a part of the area, and the latter cultivation method is not practical because it is not economical. Non-Patent Document 1 discusses the factors related to grape coloring, the control mechanism, and the current state of research on coloring improvement technology.
Moreover, harmful bacteria were generated due to the wetness of fruits in a hot and humid environment, and it was an effective measure against pests to place plants such as grapes in a dry atmosphere.

However, as described in Non-Patent Document 2, the warming of the global environment leads to an increase in average temperature, and there is a possibility that regions that have been considered suitable for grape cultivation will become unsuitable for the near future. As a result, the necessity of abandoning the harvest of grapes in conventional vineyards and cultivating grapes in new vineyards has been studied. However, land conversion requires enormous funds and time, and the development of technology that can produce high-quality fruits in the current cultivated land has been desired.
In addition, since winter crops such as strawberries and some flowers are limited to harvesting only in winter, stable profits throughout the four seasons cannot be expected, and the development of technology that can be cultivated all year round has been an issue.

  Furthermore, in the cultivation of strawberries and flowers in the greenhouse, it was necessary to lower the ambient temperature around the seedlings in order to increase the yield in summer, but it is economical to cool the entire greenhouse for plant cultivation. In addition, a cooling method in which only the seedling part is placed in a cool air atmosphere is also performed. For example, in the constant temperature cultivation of melon, a method has been devised in which groundwater is pumped using power to exchange heat with air (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3). However, this method cannot be used where low-temperature groundwater is not available, and heat exchange between the pumped-up groundwater and air is necessary even when effective groundwater is available. The difference in temperature from the growth temperature required is small and heat exchange is not easy.

In addition, in the heat exchange system between groundwater and air, heat exchange is performed at one place, and equipment such as a blower is required to send the heat-exchanged air to each fruit part. When heat exchange is performed with air, it is necessary to control the temperature of each fruit part, but it is not practical in terms of cost.
“Grape coloring mechanism and its control”, Journal of the Horticultural Society, Vol. 73, separate volume 2, published by the Horticultural Society, September 25, 2004 Toshihiko Sugiura, “Effects of Global Warming on Fruit Tree Production Environment”, July 10, 2001 Symposium of the Academic Research Committee of Agricultural Research, [Search on December 25, 2004], Internet <URL http: // ss .fruit.affrc.go.jp / announcements / ronbun / ondanka.html Yonezawa Electric Construction Group “New Method for Melon Cultivation” Yonezawa Electric Construction Co., Ltd. WELCOME OUR SITE, [Search on December 25, 2004], Internet <URL http://www.yonezawa.co.jp/melon/

  In order to cultivate plants that are sensitive to high temperatures and humidity, or fruits that are not colored at high temperatures in Japan's cultivating meteorological environment of high temperature and high humidity, it is necessary to create a low temperature and dry atmosphere. It was a big obstacle on sex.

  In addition, as a technique for creating the low temperature and dry atmosphere, for example, a method of cooling the plant, the surrounding air and the entire attached equipment under the strong sunlight in summer is not economically practical because it is costly, and only the fruit. There is also a measure to prevent pests caused by moisture and insects by packaging the fruit, but this method has a problem that the fruit cannot be cooled and conversely the temperature rises and the fruit is not colored.

  In this way, while maintaining the economics of local cooling cultivation technology for various plants, it is a major technical problem to generate cold air and supply the cold air only to the necessary places. Establishing the technology to make is strongly desired to cope with the global warming and to avoid the large-scale land conversion.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a plant cultivation apparatus and method capable of local cooling that suppresses capital investment and helps plant growth and fruit coloring.

The present invention solves the above problems by the following means.
The invention described in claim 1 includes a pressurized air pipe (9) for supplying pressurized air from which condensed water has been removed from a pressurized air source, and a vortex tube (10) connected to the pressurized air pipe (9). A hot air pipe (18) and a cold air pipe (17) connected to the vortex tube (10) and through which hot air and cold air obtained by the vortex tube (10) respectively flow, and both the pipes (17, 18) The mixing amount adjusting means (19) for adjusting the mixing ratio of the hot air and the cold air supplied from 18), and the air whose temperature has been adjusted by the mixing of the hot air and the cold air, A plant cultivation apparatus provided with an air pipe (11) that leads to air and an air diffusing means (30) that heats or cools the local part of the plant at the tip of the air pipe (11).

  The invention according to claim 2 is connected to the pressurized air pipe (9) for supplying pressurized air and the pressurized air pipe (9), and dehumidifies the pressurized air by exchanging heat with the cooled refrigerant. A recirculating refrigerant air dryer (37), a heater (38) for reheating the temperature of the high-pressure air whose humidity is adjusted by the air dryer (37) to a predetermined temperature, and the heater (38) A pressure reducing valve (39) for depressurizing the air, an air pipe (11) for guiding the decompressed air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted to the local part of the plant, and the local part of the plant at the tip of the air pipe (11) A plant cultivation apparatus provided with an air diffusing means for heating or cooling.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the plant according to the first or second aspect, the air pipe (11) for guiding the temperature-controlled air to a local part of the plant is provided with a humidifying means (24) for adjusting the humidity of the air. It is a cultivation device.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an auxiliary gas supply means for supplying an auxiliary gas containing an auxiliary gas for plant growth or an auxiliary gas for disease prevention to the air pipe (11) for guiding the temperature-adjusted air locally to the plant. 23. The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 23) is provided.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pressurized air removed from the pressurized air source is supplied to the vortex tube (10) to generate hot air and cold air, and the mixing ratio of the obtained hot air and cold air is adjusted. It is a cultivation method of a plant that diffuses the air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted and diffuses only locally or in the vicinity of the plant.

  The invention according to claim 6 adjusts the temperature and humidity of the air by sequentially passing the pressurized air through the refrigerant circulation air dryer (37), the heater (81) and the pressure reducing valve (39), and the obtained temperature and humidity. Is a method for cultivating a plant in which air in which the air pressure is adjusted is diffused only locally or in the vicinity of the plant.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the plant cultivation method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein an auxiliary gas containing plant growth auxiliary gas or disease prevention auxiliary gas and / or supplementary water is added to the temperature and humidity adjusted air. .

  In addition, it is desirable to set it as the structure which provided the cover which covers only the upper part of the bag-like part which covers the said local of the said plant and the said whole air diffusing means (30).

  According to invention of Claim 1 or 5, the air by which temperature and humidity were adjusted was obtained from the warm air and cold air which were obtained with the vortex tube (10), and this back pressure of the vortex tube (10) was obtained. It is necessary for a simple device that does not use only the utility of electricity and heat exchange by keeping the local atmosphere at a certain range of temperature and humidity by utilizing the method of radiating locally to plants such as grape fruits. The temperature and humidity control air required for the location can be supplied at low cost, and the growth of plants can be promoted, such as the coloring of grape fruits, and the disease can be prevented.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 1 or 4, the cultivation season can be extended to summer in winter cultivation crops such as strawberries. In addition to improving the quality in the regions that were considered suitable for these cultivations, high-quality cultivation in warmer regions is possible, without switching to alternative plants in existing production areas and changing to new suitable land Plants that respond to global warming can be cultivated.

  According to the invention described in claim 2 or 6, the refrigerant circulation type air dryer (37), the heater (38), and the pressure reducing valve (39) are used to efficiently perform the refrigerant circulation type air dryer (37) under high pressure. By dehumidifying the air, the capacity of the heat exchanger used in the dryer (37) may be small, and the temperature of the dehumidified air can be easily adjusted by the heater (38), and the pressure reducing valve (39) Air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted to atmospheric pressure can be used for plant growth.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, since the air obtained by mixing the dehumidified hot air and cold air is humidified as necessary, it can be dissipated locally to the plant. Since the humidity range can be adjusted to be narrower than the range, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, effects such as promotion of plant growth and disease prevention are further improved.

  According to invention of Claim 4 or 7, since auxiliary gas, such as auxiliary gas for plant growth, disease prevention auxiliary gas, or beneficial bacteria containing auxiliary gas, can be disperse | distributed locally to a plant, said Claim 1, 2 is provided. Alternatively, in addition to the effects of the invention described in claim 4, effects such as promotion of plant growth and disease prevention are further improved.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 is a plan view of a grape cultivation facility according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along line II-II of the grape cultivation facility of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a configuration of a fruit portion of the grape cultivation facility of FIG. FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, grapes extend from the trunk 1 to the main branch 2, and from the main branch 2 to the twig 3, and each twig 3 is grown with leaves 4 and fruit bunches 5. . Each fruit bunch 5 is covered with a bag 6. The main branch 2 and the twig 3 are supported by a wire 7 provided in the grape cultivation facility. The bag 6 is fixed to the fruit bun with a fixed wire 8.

In this viticulture facility, pressurized air is supplied from a pipe 9 to a vortex tube 10 to be described later, and cold air made from the pressurized air in the vortex tube 10 is guided to the vicinity of each trunk 1 via a supply pipe 11. The plurality of distribution pipes 12 connected to the supply pipe 11 are sent into each bag 6. The distribution pipe 12 is configured to be fixed to the branches 2, 3 or the wire 7 by a fixed wire 8.
As described above, since the distribution pipes 12 are guided into the respective bags 6, the inside of the respective bags 6 can be maintained in a predetermined environment optimum for the growth of the fruits 5 by the cooling air supplied from the distribution pipes 12.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of a hot air control system for producing air having a predetermined temperature optimum for growth for the fruit 5 according to one embodiment of the present invention. The air pressurized by the air compressor 13 and condensed with the supersaturated water vapor passes through the pipe 9 provided with the shut-off valve 14 and is guided to the dehydrator (dehumidifier) 15, and the condensed water in the air by the dehydrator 15. Is drained from the pipe 16 using a steam trap (not shown).

When the desiccant 15 is filled with the desiccant, the pressurized air in the dewaterer 15 can dehumidify to dry air almost completely with a dew point of −40 ° C. or lower. In that case, the dehydrator 15 becomes a dehumidifier. Usually, sufficient disease prevention is possible even by removing condensed water in the air generated by pressurization of air. The humidity of the cold air supplied to the plant in that case is shown in Table 1, for example.

  When air at 20 ° C. and 50% (absolute humidity 0.00735 kg / kg) is obtained from the atmosphere at 30 ° C. with a saturation humidity of 100% (absolute humidity 0.02718 kg / kg), the air is pressurized to 0.38 MPa in the air. Since the absolute humidity of saturation is 0.00735 kg / kg, air with a humidity of 50% at 20 ° C. can be obtained by draining 0.01983 kg / kg of condensed water of supersaturated content.

  When the condensed water of the air pressurized to 0.38 MPa is drained to 20 ° C. air when the atmospheric temperature drops to 25 ° C. saturated humidity, the air obtained as shown by the dotted line in the table The humidity is 37%. Therefore, according to each plant, the optimum allowable humidity (for example, the humidity of air containing moisture to the extent that fruits such as grape grains or leaves and stems such as strawberries are grown and the fruits and leaves are not moistened). Assuming that the atmosphere is pressurized, it is not necessary to put a desiccant into the dehydrator 15 to make a dehumidifier.

The dehumidified pressurized air is divided by the vortex tube 10 into cold air flowing through the pipe 17 and hot air flowing through the pipe 18. The vortex tube 10 utilizes a phenomenon in which when the air injected at high speed in the tangential direction in the tube 10 rotates at a high speed in the tube 10, the outer edge portion is pressurized and the temperature rises, and the central portion is decompressed and the temperature drops. Therefore, hot air is obtained when air is taken out from the vicinity of the outer edge portion, and cold air is obtained when air is taken out from the center portion. Table 2 shows an example of the characteristics.

  The obtained cold air and hot air are respectively introduced from the pipe 17 and the pipe 18 into the three-way valve 19 and mixed, and air of a predetermined temperature is supplied into the pipe 11 and supplied to the necessary portions. In this temperature adjustment, the temperature of the outlet air of the three-way valve 19 is detected by the thermometer 21, and based on the result, the opening degree of the three-way valve 19 is automatically changed by a controller (not shown), and the pipe 17 for cold air is used. This is done by changing the back pressure of the hot air pipe 18 and changing the flow rate of the cold air and the hot air. This method is a method in which the cold air and the hot air are mixed by the three-way valve 19 and the temperature of the air in the pipe 11 is controlled and sent to the supply destination. The air temperature after mixing the cold air side and the hot air side is the vortex tube. Since only a temperature drop corresponding to the adiabatic change and the loss energy within 10 can be obtained, the temperature control range becomes narrow.

  FIG. 5 shows a partial system diagram of another hot air control system according to the embodiment of the present invention. This control method uses pressurized air supplied to the vortex tube 10 from a pipe 9 through which pressurized air flows. Is divided into the cold air pipe 17 and the hot air pipe 18 by the vortex tube 10, and then only the hot air is introduced from the pipe 18 into the three-way valve 19 and connected to the supply destination connected to the cold air pipe 17. In this method, only the necessary amount of hot air in the pipe 18 is mixed with the cold air in the pipe 17 for cold air so that the air in the pipe 11 reaches a predetermined temperature, and excess hot air is exhausted from the pipe 22. This method can be controlled in a wider temperature range than the method shown in FIG. 4 by exhausting excess warm air.

  In this system, the air temperature in the pipe 11 at the outlet of the three-way valve 19 is detected by the thermometer 21 so that the air in the pipe 11 to be sent to the supply destination has a predetermined temperature, and the controller (see FIG. (Not shown), the opening degree of the three-way valve 19 is automatically changed, the amount of hot air mixed with the cold air is adjusted, and the temperature of the air sent to the supply destination is controlled.

  FIG. 6 shows a system diagram of hot air control according to an embodiment of the present invention. This is a method in which only condensed water is removed by a dehydrator (dehumidifier) 15 and a predetermined humidity cannot be obtained. This is an effective system when it is desired to obtain air of constant humidity even when the atmospheric temperature changes.

  That is, the air pressurized by the air compressor 13 and condensed with the supersaturated water vapor is led to the water removal device 15 through the pipe 9 provided with the shut-off valve 14, and the condensed water in the air is removed by the water removal device 15. Water is drained from the pipe 16 using a steam trap (not shown). The dehumidifier 15 obtains dry air having a humidity lower than a predetermined humidity, and the dry air is sent to the vortex tube 10 so as to have a predetermined temperature in the tube 10. The cold air and the hot air obtained in the tube 10 are divided into the respective pipes 17 and 18 respectively. Only the hot air pipe 18 is connected to the three-way valve 19 to introduce the hot air into the three-way valve 19, and the hot air pipe 18 at the outlet of the three-way valve 19 and the cold air obtained by the vortex tube 10 flow through the cold air. A humidifier 24 is connected to the pipe 17 and further to the downstream pipe 17 for cold air. Further, an auxiliary gas pipe 23 is connected to the air pipe 11 downstream of the humidifier 24, and the temperature of the air in the pipe 11 is measured in the air pipe 11 downstream of the connecting part of the pipe 23. A thermometer 21 is provided. Further, excess hot air at the outlet of the three-way valve 19 is exhausted from the pipe 22.

  In this way, the cool air in the pipe 17 is added to the warm air in the hot air pipe 18 at the outlet of the three-way valve 19 and supplied to the humidifier 24. Further, supplementary water from the supplementary water pipe 25 is added to the humidifier 24, and auxiliary gas from the auxiliary gas pipe 23 is added to the air pipe 11 at the outlet of the humidifier 24. Thereafter, the temperature of the air in the supply air piping 11 is detected by the thermometer 21, and based on the result, the opening degree of the three-way valve 19 is automatically changed by a controller (not shown) to cool the air in the piping 17. The amount of hot air from the pipe 18 to be mixed is adjusted. Further, makeup water is supplied from the humidifier 24 to the mixed air whose temperature is adjusted by the cold air and the hot air in the pipe 17 for cold air. The supply amount of makeup water from the humidifier 24 is set by measuring the humidity of the air in the pipe 11 with a hygrometer (not shown), and thereafter supplying the set makeup water, The humidity of the air in the pipe 11 is also adjusted. Further, the auxiliary gas may be supplied from the auxiliary gas pipe 23 to the air in the supply destination air pipe 11 whose temperature and humidity are adjusted. This is because some plants, such as strawberries, promote carbon dioxide assimilation by supplementing the greenhouse with carbon dioxide. In addition, a disease-preventing auxiliary gas such as an insecticidal gas or a beneficial bacteria-containing auxiliary gas such as a noble rot-producing bacterium may be added.

  As described above, in the system shown in FIG. 6, in addition to the control of the predetermined temperature and humidity, auxiliary gas such as auxiliary gas for plant growth and / or disease prevention and / or beneficial bacteria-containing auxiliary gas may be supplied to the necessary part of the plant. It is an easy and efficient plant cultivation method.

  If the cultivation environment temperature of strawberries is higher than the optimum temperature in summer, the carbon assimilation effect of the leaves decreases, and it is difficult to cultivate high-quality, high-yielding strawberries at a production volume that allows commercial transactions. It was.

  As a countermeasure against high temperatures in summer, for example, the whole greenhouse was cooled, but direct sunlight in summer could not be dissipated by heat dissipation by convective heat transfer inside and outside the greenhouse, and water was sprayed into the greenhouse. Although the temperature was controlled by such means as above, it was inevitable that the leaves would get wet when water was sprayed into the greenhouse, which adversely affected the growth of strawberries, and there was no effective and economical cultivation method.

  FIG. 7 shows a schematic system diagram of the strawberry cultivation facility according to the embodiment of the present invention. This is a system that increases the yield of strawberries by supplying cold wind partially to the strawberry leaves and effectively taking measures against high temperatures in summer. The pressurized air supplied to the vortex tube 10 from the pipe 9 through which the pressurized air flows is once divided into the cold air in the pipe 17 and the hot air in the pipe 18 by the vortex tube 10, and then the cold air and the pipe in the pipe 17 again. The warm air in 18 is introduced into the three-way valve 19, and the air that has reached a predetermined temperature in the three-way valve 19 is supplied into the strawberry cultivation cover 29 from the air radiating portion 30 at the tip of the air via the pipe 11. .

  At this time, the air temperature in the pipe 11 at the outlet of the three-way valve 19 is detected by the thermometer 21 so that the air in the pipe 11 supplied into the cover 29 reaches a predetermined temperature, and a controller (not shown) is detected based on the result. The degree of opening of the three-way valve 19 is automatically changed to adjust the mixing ratio of the cold air in the pipe 17 and the hot air in the pipe 18.

  The air in the pipe 11 after the mixing of the cold air and the hot air is diffused from the air radiating unit 30 intensively to the leaf portion of the strawberry 26 covered with the cover 29. In this way, even if it is in an environment where the temperature of the strawberry is high in summer, the apparatus has a cool atmosphere and promotes carbon assimilation to increase the yield of strawberry. In addition, although not shown in the drawing, a disease prevention auxiliary gas such as an insecticidal gas or a beneficial bacteria-containing auxiliary gas such as a precious vine-producing fungus and / or makeup water is added to the air in the pipe 11 to concentrate the air diffuser. It may be scattered from 30 to the leaf part of strawberry 26.

In the case of this method, the greenhouse 28 (see FIG. 10) of the entire strawberry cultivation apparatus expands the atmosphere opening portion, sets the ambient temperature of the seedling to the atmospheric temperature, and only the portion of the leaf that performs carbon dioxide assimilation that is covered with the cover 29. The temperature-controlled air (cold air) can be poured down from the pipe 11 to prevent the carbon dioxide assimilation effect from decreasing.
As the cover 29, a breathable bag 6 (see FIG. 2) covering the local part of the plant such as strawberry and the whole air diffusing part 30 (see FIG. 2) or a breathable base material covering a part of the local part of the plant is used.

  8 shows a configuration diagram in which the plant part of the strawberry cultivation facility is changed in FIG. 7, and cold air is supplied to a part of the center of the seedling 27 or the like from the pipe 12 so that the seedling 27 is treated as if it is a field. This is a method of making the whole feel as if it is in a cool atmosphere to prevent a decrease in carbon dioxide assimilation, and can be cultivated with less cold air than the method shown in FIG.

  FIG. 9 shows another system diagram of cold air control according to an embodiment of the present invention. In addition to the power to obtain pressurized air, the power to obtain low-temperature dehumidified air is also required, but it is effective when there is no need to lower the cool air temperature from the ambient temperature and when a large amount of cool air is required. This is a system that uses a dryer.

  In the air dryer unit 37, the pressurized refrigerant pressurized in the compressor 31 is led to the condenser 33 through the refrigerant pipe 32 and condensed, and then adiabatically expands through the refrigerant pipe 32 and the capillary tube 34 to the cooler 35. Then, the air from the pressurized air pipe 9 a is cooled in the cooler 35, and the refrigerant is heated and vaporized to return to the compressor 31 again. The condenser 33 is a fan 41 driven by an electric motor 36 and is appropriately air-cooled.

  On the other hand, the pressurized air in the pressurized air pipe 9a is cooled by the evaporative heat of the refrigerant in the cooler 35, the temperature is lowered to condense the contained water vapor, and the condensed water in the dehydrator 15 is released to the drain pipe 16. Thereafter, it is heated by the heater 38 through the pressurized air pipe 9 b and is reduced to the required back pressure by the pressure reducing valve 39. Power is supplied from the power source to the fan motor 36 and the heater 38 by the power cable 40. In addition, the heat transfer area of the cooler 35 may be small, so that the pressurization degree of the air from the pressurized air piping 9a is large.

  During the decompression of the air, the temperature of the air decreases due to adiabatic expansion. In order to make the air whose temperature has been lowered by the cooler 35 and the pressure reducing valve 39 in this way necessary temperature, the temperature adjustment equipment 21 detects the temperature, and the heat output of the heater 38 is controlled by a controller (not shown).

  The heat necessary for the heater 38 may be preheated by a reheater (not shown) using exhaust heat generated in the air dryer unit 37, and the temperature may be finally adjusted in the heater 38. Although the range is narrow, it is advantageous in terms of thermal efficiency.

The cool air made from the pressurized air by the air dryer unit 37 and the heater 38 is guided to the vicinity of the grape stem 1 via the supply pipe 11 and is fed from a plurality of distribution pipes 12 connected to the supply pipe 11. Is sent into a bag 6 covering 5, and an optimum environment for the growth of the fruit 5 is obtained. The distribution pipe 12 is fixed to the branches 2, 3 or the wire 7 by a fixed wire (not shown).
In addition, although not shown in the drawing, a disease-preventing auxiliary gas such as an insecticidal gas or a beneficial bacteria-containing auxiliary gas such as a precious vine-producing fungus and / or makeup water is added to the air in the pipe 11 to concentrate the air diffuser. May radiate to the strawberry leaves.

  The method of radiating locally to the plant using the temperature-controlled air using the refrigerant circulation type air dryer unit 37 and the heater 38 of this embodiment is replaced with the method using the vortex tube 10 shown in the second embodiment, such as strawberry. You may apply to the plant cultivation equipment.

It is a top view of the grape cultivation installation of one Example of this invention. It is the II-II line longitudinal cross-sectional view of the grape cultivation installation of FIG. It is a partially expanded view which shows the structure of the fruit part of the grape cultivation installation of FIG. It is a system system | strain diagram of the warm air control for making the air of the predetermined temperature optimal for growth for the fruit which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is a partial systematic diagram of the system of hot air control concerning one example of the present invention. It is a piping system diagram concerning the form of one example of the present invention. It is a general | schematic systematic diagram of the strawberry cultivation equipment which concerns on one Example of this invention. It is the block diagram which changed the stock part equipment of the strawberry cultivation equipment of FIG. It is a top view of the grape cultivation installation of one Example of this invention. The greenhouse cross section of an example of the conventional cultivation apparatus is shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Grape trunk 2 Grape main branch 3 Grape twig 4 Grape leaf 5 Grape fruit bunch 6 Bag 7 Wire 8 Fixed wire 9 Piping 10 Vortex tube 11, 12, 16-18, 22, 23, 25 Piping 13 Air Compressor 14 Shut-off valve 15 Dehydrator (dehumidifier)
19 Three-way valve 21 Thermometer 24 Humidifier 26 Strawberry 27 Seedling 28 Greenhouse 29 Cover 30 Air diffuser 31 Compressor 32 Refrigerant piping 33 Condenser 34 Capillary tube 35 Cooler 37 Air dryer unit 38 Heater 39 Pressure reducing valve 40 Power cable 41 Fan

Claims (7)

  Pressurized air piping for supplying pressurized air from which condensed water has been removed from a pressurized air source, a vortex tube connected to the pressurized air piping, and a temperature obtained by connecting to the vortex tube and obtained from the vortex tube. A hot air pipe and a cold air pipe through which the wind and cold air respectively flow, a hot water and cold air mixing amount adjusting means for adjusting and mixing the mixing ratio of hot air and cold air supplied from both pipes, and hot air and cold air An apparatus for cultivating a plant, comprising: an air pipe for guiding air, the temperature of which has been adjusted by mixing, to a local part of the plant; and an air diffusing means for heating or cooling the local part of the plant at a tip of the air pipe.   Pressurized air piping for supplying pressurized air, a refrigerant circulation type air dryer connected to the pressurized air piping for heat exchange with the cooled refrigerant to dehumidify, and humidity in the air dryer A heater that reheats the temperature of the adjusted high-pressure air to a predetermined temperature, a pressure-reducing valve that depressurizes the air reheated by the heater, and air that has been depressurized and adjusted in temperature and humidity is guided locally to the plant. An apparatus for cultivating a plant, comprising: an air pipe; and an air diffusion means for heating or cooling the local part of the plant at a tip of the air pipe.   The plant cultivation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein humidification means for adjusting humidity of air is provided in the air pipe that guides the temperature-adjusted air locally to the plant.   2. An auxiliary gas supply means for supplying an auxiliary gas including an auxiliary gas for plant growth or an auxiliary gas for disease prevention is provided in the air pipe for guiding the temperature-adjusted air locally to the plant. Is a plant cultivation apparatus according to 2.   Pressurized air removed from the pressurized air source is supplied to the vortex tube to generate hot air and cold air, and the resulting hot air and cold air are mixed and mixed to obtain the obtained temperature and humidity. A method for cultivating a plant, characterized in that the air in which the temperature is adjusted is diffused only locally or in the vicinity of the plant.   Adjust the temperature and humidity of the air by passing the pressurized air sequentially through the refrigerant circulation air dryer, heater and pressure reducing valve, and dissipate the air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted to the local area of the plant or its vicinity. Plant cultivation method characterized by the above.   7. The plant cultivation method according to claim 5, wherein auxiliary gas for plant growth or auxiliary gas containing disease prevention auxiliary gas and / or makeup water is added to the air whose temperature and humidity are adjusted.

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