JP2006026872A - Workpiece cutting method by band sawing machine and band sawing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oscillating cutting method for a work and its band sawing machine in the oscillating cutting method and the band sawing machine for performing cutting of the work by shortening cutting length of the work. <P>SOLUTION: In the method, cutting of the work W is performed by the band sawing machine 1 provided with a driving wheel housing 17 for rotatably supporting a driving wheel 15 wound with an endless-like band saw blade 23; and a driven wheel housing 21 for rotatably supporting a driven wheel 19 such that they can move in a cutting-in direction relative to the work W to be cut. In the work cutting method for performing oscillating cutting of the work W, a movement speed to the cutting-in direction of at least one wheel of the driving wheel 15 and the driven wheel 19 is controlled. Appropriate one of the driving wheel 15 or the driven wheel 19 is moved in an approaching/leaving direction relative to the other wheel. Thereby, tension of the band saw blade 23 is always retained at approximately constant. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece cutting method using a band saw machine provided with an endless band saw blade, and the band saw machine. More specifically, the present invention relates to a rocking cutting method and a band saw for cutting a workpiece by shortening the cutting length of the workpiece. Regarding the board.

There are two types of band saw machines with endless band saw blades: horizontal band saw machines and vertical band saw machines. When cutting a workpiece with this type of band saw machine, if the cutting length of the workpiece becomes long, the cutting resistance increases and a large driving force is required. Therefore, a saw blade housing equipped with a band saw blade must be cut into the workpiece. Oscillating cutting is performed in which the workpiece is cut by reciprocatingly swinging in the same direction while moving in the same direction (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).
JP-A-56-107825 JP 2003-117918 A

  In the conventional band saw machines described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 and the like, a C-shaped saw blade housing provided with a drive wheel and a driven wheel that are wound around an endless band saw blade so as to be rotatable. When it moves in the cutting direction of the band saw blade with respect to the workpiece, it swings in the cutting direction around the hinge portion of the saw blade housing.

  That is, in the conventional band saw machine, the oscillation of the saw blade housing is about the hinge located at the side position of the workpiece, so that the saw blade housing becomes large and heavy, There is a problem that the dynamic center is always one side of the workpiece.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and includes a drive wheel housing that rotatably supports a drive wheel that is wound around an endless band saw blade, and a driven wheel housing that rotatably supports a driven wheel. A method of cutting a workpiece by a band saw machine provided so as to be movable in the cutting direction with respect to the workpiece to be cut, wherein the moving speed in the cutting direction of at least one of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is controlled. The workpiece is rocked and cut.

  In addition, the present invention moves a drive wheel housing that rotatably supports a drive wheel wound with an endless band saw blade and a driven wheel housing that rotatably supports a driven wheel in a cutting direction with respect to a workpiece to be cut. A band saw machine that can be provided, comprising a feed actuator that can individually control movement of the drive wheel housing in the cutting direction and movement of the driven wheel housing in the cutting direction. Is.

  According to the present invention, for example, the workpiece can be cut by the band saw blade so that the driven wheel side is swung with the driving wheel side as a fulcrum, and the driving wheel side is swung with the driven wheel side as a fulcrum. In this way, the workpiece can be cut. That is, the band saw blade can be swung in the cutting direction as if the positions on both sides of the work are fulcrums, and efficient rocking cutting can be performed.

  Referring to FIG. 1, a band saw machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a base 3, and the base 3 is provided with a work support 5 that supports a work W to be cut. The workpiece support 5 is provided with a vise device 7 capable of fixing the workpiece W. Further, the base 3 is provided with a pair of guide frames 9 and 11 with the work support 5 interposed therebetween.

  The guide frames 9 and 11 are each provided with a guide portion 13 such as a guide rail in parallel, and a drive wheel housing in which a drive wheel 15 is rotatably supported on the guide portion 13 of one guide frame 9. 17 is movably supported. In addition, a driven wheel housing 21 that rotatably supports a driven wheel 19 is movably supported on the guide portion 13 of the other guide frame 11. An endless band saw blade 23 for cutting the workpiece W is wound around the drive wheel 15 and the driven wheel 19.

  In order to move the drive wheel housing 17 and the driven wheel housing 21 along the guide member 13 in the cutting direction of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W, the guide frames 9 and 11 are provided with feed actuators 25R and 25L, respectively. It has been. As the feed actuators 25R and 25L, various configurations such as a fluid pressure cylinder such as a hydraulic cylinder and a linear motor can be adopted. In this embodiment, a feed motor such as a servo motor is used. It is illustrated by 27R and 27L.

  More specifically, the wheel housings 17 and 21 are provided with nut members 29L and 29R, respectively. The nut members 29L and 29R are provided in parallel with the guide member 13, and the guide frames 9, 11 are provided. Feed screws 31L and 31R such as ball screws supported rotatably through bearings are screwed together so as to be relatively movable. The rotation shafts of the feed motors 27L and 27R attached to the guide frames 9 and 11 and the feed screws 31L and 31R are interlocked and connected.

  With the above configuration, the wheel housings 21 and 17 can be reciprocated along the guide portion 13 by rotationally driving the feed motors 27L and 27R and rotating the feed screws 31L and 31R. . That is, the band saw blade 23 wound around the drive wheel 15 and the driven wheel 19 can be moved in the cutting direction with respect to the workpiece W and in the opposite direction.

  In order to detect the cutting position of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W, each of the feed motors 27L and 27R is provided with a rotary encoder as an example of the position detection means 33L and 33R. The position detectors 33L and 33R are not limited to rotary encoders, and various configurations may be employed. For example, linear encoders may be employed to detect the positions of the wheel housings 21 and 17.

  In order to drive the band saw blade 23 by rotating the drive wheel 15, a drive motor 35 such as a servo motor is mounted on the drive wheel housing 17, and the rotation axis of the drive motor 35 and the drive The rotating shaft 15S that supports the wheel 15 is linked and connected.

  The band saw 1 is provided with tension control means 27 for controlling the tension of the band saw blade 23.

  More specifically, the driven wheel housing 21 is provided with a long guide portion 39 in a direction approaching and separating from the drive wheel 15, and the slide base 41 movably supported by the guide portion 39 is provided on the slide base 41. A support shaft 19S that rotatably supports the driven wheel 19 is supported. A tension applying actuator 45 such as a fluid pressure cylinder as an example of tension applying means 43 for applying tension to the band saw blade 23 is mounted on the driven wheel housing 21, and the tension applying actuator 45 is provided. An operating member 47 such as a piston rod is connected to the slide base 41.

  As can be understood from the above configuration, the driven wheel 19 is movable in a direction toward and away from the driving wheel 15, and the tension applying actuator 45 is operated to move the driven wheel 19 away from the driving wheel 15. By moving, tension can be applied to the band saw blade 23, and conversely, by moving the driven wheel 19 in a direction approaching the drive wheel 15, the tension of the band saw blade 23 can be relaxed.

  That is, the tension of the band saw blade 23 can be controlled by controlling the tension applying actuator 45. At this time, a tension detecting means for detecting the tension of the band saw blade 23 is provided, and the tension of the band saw blade 23 is always controlled to be constant by controlling the tension of the band saw blade 23 based on the detection value of the tension detecting means. can do.

  In the case where the tension applying actuator 45 is a fluid pressure cylinder as the tension detecting means, the tension of the band saw blade 23 can be detected by detecting the fluid pressure with a pressure sensor. Further, when the tension applying actuator 45 is formed of a motor or the like, for example, the tension of the band saw blade 23 can be detected by detecting a load. Further, for example, the strain of the band saw blade 23 is configured as a configuration in which a strain gauge is provided in the operating member 47 or the like, and a configuration in which an external force detection element such as a piezoelectric element is provided in a mounting portion of the tension applying actuator 45, for example. Can be detected.

  In order to cut the workpiece W by the band saw blade 23, saw blade guides 49 for twisting and guiding the band saw blade 23 so that the tooth tips of the band saw blade 23 are directed in the workpiece W direction are provided on the both sides. It is attached to the wheel housings 17 and 21. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a horizontal band saw is illustrated as a band saw, and the workpiece support 5 has a height for supplying the workpiece W in an area surrounded by an endless band saw blade 23. Since it is provided, the saw blade guide 9 is provided so as to guide the upper straight portion running in the horizontal direction in the band saw blade 23.

  According to the above configuration, the upper straight portion that runs linearly in the band saw blade 23 is disposed on the upper side of the work W, and the lower straight portion is disposed on the lower side of the work W to be cut. That is, when one linear traveling portion of the band saw blade 23 moves closer to the workpiece W, the other linear traveling portion operates away from the workpiece W, and the overall configuration of the band saw is reduced. Can be achieved.

  The band saw machine 1 is operated under the control of a control device 49 (see FIG. 2) such as a CNC device. An appropriate input means 51 such as a keyboard is connected to the control device 39, and a display means 53 is connected. Further, the control device 49 is connected to the position detecting means 33L, 33R and a saw blade tension detecting means 55 for detecting the long force of the band saw blade 23.

  The control device 39 is provided with a cutting condition database 57. The cutting condition database 57 stores various conditions such as a cutting speed, a cutting speed, and a cutting rate (cutting area per unit time) for the work W as cutting conditions for each work W made of a material that can be cut by the band saw blade 23. is there. Therefore, when the material, shape, dimensions, etc. of the workpiece W to be cut are input, the cutting conditions corresponding to the workpiece W are retrieved from the cutting condition database 57, and the cutting conditions can be automatically set. .

  Further, the control device 39 is provided with a memory 59 and a calculation means 61. The memory 59 stores data such as the material, shape, and dimensions of the workpiece W input from the input means 51, and the oscillation that starts oscillation cutting when the workpiece W is cut by the band saw blade 23. The start position and end position conditions are stored.

  The swing start position and end position conditions are determined from the cutting start position to the end position of the workpiece W or a desired cutting position range in which the band saw blade 23 cuts the workpiece W appropriately to cut the workpiece W. be able to. In addition, the cutting length when the workpiece W is cut by the band saw blade 23 can be set in a range that is not less than a set value. The cutting position of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W can be detected by the position detecting means 33L, 33R. The cutting length of the workpiece W by the band saw blade 23 can be calculated by the calculation means 61 based on the shape and dimensions of the workpiece W and the cutting position of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W.

  The control device 39 is provided with saw speed control means 65 for controlling the drive motor 35 via a motor driver 63A, and controls the feed motors 27R and 27L via motor drivers 63B and 63C. Cutting speed control means 67R and 67L for performing are provided. The saw speed control means 65 controls the rotation of the drive motor 35 to control the traveling speed of the band saw blade 23 based on the cutting speed as a cutting condition obtained by searching the cutting condition database 57.

  The cutting speed control means 67L and 67R are based on the cutting conditions of the workpiece W obtained by searching the cutting condition database 57 and the cutting length calculated by the calculating means 61, and the cutting speed of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W. The rotation of the feed motors 27L and 27R is controlled so as to control the motor at an appropriate speed. Therefore, cutting is possible with a constant cutting rate.

  The saw speed control means 65 and the cutting speed control means 67L and 67R are provided with vibration signal applying means 69A, 69B and 69C, respectively. The vibration signal applying means 69A, 69B, and 69C increase the rotation of each motor 35, 27R, and 27L abruptly (instantaneously) or reduce the rotation when the motors 35, 27R, and 27L rotate. For imparting vibration, for example, it is composed of a pulse generator for generating a low frequency pulse signal of several Hz to several hundred Hz.

  With the above configuration, the rotation of the drive motor 35 can be vibrated by applying a pulse signal from the vibration signal applying means 69A when the drive motor 35 is driven, and the traveling speed of the band saw blade 23 can be vibrated. Therefore, when the work W is cut by the band saw blade 23, vibration cutting in a mode in which vibration is applied in the main component force direction (cutting direction) of the band saw blade 23 can be performed. Further, when the band saw blade 23 is cut into the workpiece W by the rotation of the feed motors 27L and 27R, a pulse signal is applied to the feed motors 27L and 27R from the vibration signal applying means 69C and 69B. By oscillating the rotation of the feed motors 27L and 27R, the cutting speed of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the work W can be vibrated, and the cutting of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the work W can be vibrated. .

  It is preferable that the vibration signal applying means 69A, 69B, 69C is provided. However, the vibration signal applying means 69A, 69B, 69C may be omitted.

  Further, the control device 39 includes a tension memory 71 that stores a desired tension of the band saw blade 23. The tension memory 71 stores a desired tension range of the band saw blade 23, that is, an allowable tension value. The control device 39 is provided with comparison means 73 for comparing the detected value detected by the saw blade tension detection means 55 with the allowable value of the tension memory 71, and the comparison result of the comparison means 73 is displayed. Accordingly, a tension control means 75 for controlling the operation of the tension applying actuator 45 is provided so as to always control the tension of the band saw blade 23 to be substantially constant.

  In the configuration as described above, when the material, shape, dimensions, and the like of the workpiece W to be cut are input from the input means 51 to the control device 39 (step S1), the data of the workpiece W is stored in the memory 59. Further, when data on the swing start position and end position conditions of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W is input, the data memory 59 stores the data.

  The swing start position and end position conditions can be set, for example, in the range from the cutting start position to the end position of the workpiece W, or in the actual cutting position range of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W. Further, as the swing start position and end position conditions, the cutting length of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W can be set within a predetermined length or more. Note that the data of the oscillation start position and end position conditions are set in advance as a range in which the cutting length is a predetermined length or more, or a cutting position of the band saw blade with respect to the work, corresponding to the shape, dimensions, etc. of the work W. Is also possible. In this case, when the shape and dimensions of the workpiece W are input, the cutting length and the cutting position are calculated by the calculation means 61, and the calculation results are stored in the memory 59.

  As described above, when the material, shape, and dimensions of the workpiece W are input, the calculation means 61 searches the cutting condition database 57 to search for cutting conditions suitable for the workpiece W (step S2). As a result of the cutting condition search, an appropriate cutting speed for the workpiece W is set, and the rotation of the drive motor 35 is controlled under the control of the saw speed control means 65. At this time, by applying the vibration signal by the vibration signal applying means 69A, the rotation of the drive motor 35 can be vibrated, and the workpiece W can be subjected to vibration cutting.

  As a result of the cutting condition search, the cutting rate of the workpiece W is set, and the feed motors 27L and 27R are synchronously rotated to start the movement of the band saw blade 23 in the cutting direction with respect to the workpiece W. Cutting of W is started (step S3). At this time, by applying a vibration signal to the feed motors 27L and 27R by the vibration signal applying means 69C and 69B, the rotation of the feed motors 27L and 27R can be vibrated, and the band saw blade 23 is cut into the workpiece W in a vibrational manner. be able to.

  When cutting of the workpiece W is started as described above, the cutting position of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W is detected by the cutting position detecting means 33L and 33R (step S4). Then, the cutting length is calculated by the calculation means 61 based on the detection positions by the cutting position detection means 33L and 33R and the shape and dimension data of the workpiece W stored in the memory 59 (step S5).

  Next, when the rocking start position and end position conditions are set in the memory 59 as the cutting position, the set position is compared with the detection positions of the cutting position detection means 33L and 33R, and the rocking position is determined. It is determined whether or not the movement start position has been reached (step S6). In this case, when the swing start position and end position conditions are set by the cutting length of the workpiece W, the set cutting length is compared with the cutting length calculated as described above to obtain the swing start position. A determination is made whether or not it has been reached.

  As described above, cutting of the workpiece W is started, and when the band saw blade 23 reaches the swing start position, the rotations of the feed motors 27L and 27R are individually controlled to start swing cutting (step S7). The rocking cutting can be controlled as follows. That is, the rotational speeds of the feed motors 27L and 27R are alternately changed at predetermined time intervals, for example, and after the driven wheel housing 21 moves in the cutting direction in advance with respect to the drive wheel housing 17, the next driven wheel The drive wheel housing 17 is controlled so as to move with respect to the housing 21 in the cutting direction.

  In other words, in FIG. 1, the workpiece W is cut while alternately repeating the state in which the band saw blade 23 is inclined downwardly to the left and the workpiece W is cut, and the state in which the band saw blade is inclined downwardly and the workpiece W is cut. Is to do. By performing rocking cutting in this way, the cutting length can be shortened with respect to the size of the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece W, the cutting resistance can be reduced, and the band saw blade 23 can be effectively cut into the workpiece W. It can be carried out.

  As described above, when the workpiece W is cut with the band saw blade 23 inclined downward to the left, the driven wheel 19 is swung downward about the rotation shaft 15S of the drive wheel 15, and conversely, When the band saw blade 23 is inclined downward, the drive wheel 15 is swung downward about the support shaft 19 </ b> S of the driven wheel 19. In other words, the band saw blade 23 is provided with two swing centers, and the band saw blade 23 is swung while the swing centers are alternately exchanged to cut the workpiece W. Each feed motor 27L, The wheel housings 21 and 17 perform the cutting operation by driving 27R, and the band saw blade 23 can be effectively cut into the workpiece W.

  Further, the swing cutting can be controlled as follows. That is, the rotational speed of one feed motor 27L (or 27R) is controlled to be constant, and the rotational speed of the other feed motor 27R (or 27L) is set to a low speed and a low speed relative to the rotational speed of one feed motor 27L. The rotation is controlled so as to be repeated (periodically) every predetermined time. By controlling in this way, the same rocking cutting as described above can be performed.

  As described above, when the band saw blade 23 is tilted rightward or leftward in FIG. 1, the dimension between the rotating shaft 15S of the drive wheel 15 and the support shaft 19S of the driven wheel 19 changes, and the tension of the band saw blade 23 is increased. Changes. Therefore, the tension of the band saw blade 23 is detected by the saw blade tension detecting means 55 (step S8), and the detected value by the saw blade tension detecting means 55 and the allowable value stored in the tension memory 71 are compared by the comparing means 73. (Step S9).

  Here, when the detected value detected by the saw blade tension detecting means 55 is outside the allowable value, tension control is performed in step S10. That is, when the detected tension of the band saw blade 23 is smaller than the allowable value, the tension applying actuator 45 is operated under the control of the tension control means 75 to move the driven wheel 19 from the drive wheel 15 via the slide base 41. Move away from you. On the contrary, when the detected tension value is larger than the allowable value, the driven wheel 19 is moved in a direction approaching the drive wheel 15.

  As understood from the above description, the tension of the band saw blade 23 is always maintained at an appropriate tension. Therefore, the work W is not bent due to insufficient tension of the band saw blade 23, and is not broken due to excessive tension of the band saw blade 23.

  When the tension detected by the saw blade tension detecting means 55 is within the allowable value, the process proceeds from step S9 to step S11, and it is determined whether or not the swing end position is present. That is, it is determined whether or not the detected values by the cutting position detecting means 33L and 33R coincide with the swing end position preset in the memory 59, or whether or not the cutting length of the workpiece W has become shorter than the set value. When the band saw blade 23 reaches the movement end position, the double feed motors 27L and 27R are synchronously rotated to stop the rocking cutting.

  In step S12, it is determined whether or not the band saw blade 12 has reached the cutting end position of the workpiece W. This determination can be made by, for example, providing a limit switch and detecting whether or not the limit switch is operated. It can also be determined by setting a soft limit and detecting whether or not the band saw blade 23 has reached the soft limit. Then, after reaching the cutting end position, both the wheel housings 17 and 21 can be returned to their initial positions by rotating the both feed motors 27L and 27R in reverse in synchronization (step S13).

  As can be understood from the above description, according to the present embodiment, the driving wheel housing 17 supporting the driving wheel 15 and the driven wheel 21 supporting the driven wheel 19 are individually cut to move the workpiece W. Since dynamic cutting can be performed, the cutting operation of the band saw blade 23 with respect to the workpiece W can be effectively performed. Further, since the workpiece W can be rocked and cut by individually controlling the feed speeds of the both wheel housings 17 and 21, the weight of the housing can be reduced and the configuration can be simplified. Furthermore, since the workpiece W is arranged in the region surrounded by the endless band saw blade 23 and the workpiece W is cut, the overall configuration can be reduced in size.

  By the way, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment as described above, and can be implemented in other forms by making appropriate changes. That is, in the above-described embodiment, the configuration in which the two feed motors 27L and 27R are provided corresponding to the wheel housings 21 and 17 has been described. However, it can also be configured as schematically shown in FIG.

  In other words, the rotary shaft of the feed motor M and the feed screws 31L and 31R are interlocked and connected via a plurality of bevel gears B, and nut members 29L and 29R that are movably screwed to the feed screws 31L and 31R, and band saw blades. The position 23 is detected by linear sensors L1 and L2.

  In addition, for example, clutches C1 and C2 may be provided in the power transmission path from the feed motor M to the feed screws 31L and 31R, and the clutches C1 and C2 may be alternately disconnected. Even in the configuration as described above, the rocking cutting of the workpiece W can be effectively performed as in the above-described embodiment.

It is front explanatory drawing which showed notionally and schematically the band saw machine which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control apparatus in the said band saw machine. It is a flowchart of operation | movement description. It is the conceptual explanatory drawing which showed 2nd Embodiment of the band saw conceptually.

Explanation of symbols

1 Band saw 5 Work support 9 Guide frame 11 Guide frame 15 Drive wheel 17 Drive wheel housing 19 Drive wheel 21 Drive wheel housing 23 Band saw blade 25L, R Feed actuator 27L, R Feed motor 31L, R Feed screw 33L, R Position Detection means 35 Drive motor 37 Tension control means 43 Tension application means 45 Tension application actuator 49 Control device 51 Input means 55 Saw blade tension detection means 57 Cutting condition database 59 Memory 61 Calculation means 65 Saw speed control means 67L, 67R Cutting speed control means 71 Tension memory 73 Comparison means 75 Tension control means

Claims (7)

  A band saw comprising a drive wheel housing that rotatably supports a drive wheel around which an endless band saw blade is wound and a driven wheel housing that rotatably supports a driven wheel so as to be movable in a cutting direction with respect to a workpiece to be cut. A method of cutting a workpiece by a disc, wherein the workpiece is rocked and cut by controlling the moving speed of at least one of the drive wheel and the driven wheel in the cutting direction. Work cutting method.   2. The work cutting method using a band saw machine according to claim 1, wherein one of the driving wheel and the driven wheel is moved in a direction approaching and moving away from the other wheel, so that the tension of the band saw blade is always kept substantially constant. A workpiece cutting method using a band saw machine.   A band saw comprising a drive wheel housing that rotatably supports a drive wheel around which an endless band saw blade is wound and a driven wheel housing that rotatably supports a driven wheel so as to be movable in a cutting direction with respect to a workpiece to be cut. A band saw machine comprising a feed actuator capable of individually controlling movement of the drive wheel housing in the cutting direction and movement of the driven wheel housing in the cutting direction.   4. The band saw according to claim 3, further comprising a feeding actuator corresponding to the drive wheel housing and a feeding actuator corresponding to the driven wheel housing.   5. The band saw machine according to claim 3, wherein a tension detecting means for detecting the tension of the band saw blade and a tension control means for controlling the tension of the band saw blade at a substantially constant level based on a detection value of the tension detecting means. And a band saw machine comprising:   6. The band saw machine according to claim 3, 4 or 5, wherein a cutting position detecting means for detecting a cutting position of the band saw blade with respect to the work, and a band saw blade for the work corresponding to the cutting position detected by the cutting position detecting means. A band saw machine comprising: a cutting speed control means for controlling the cutting speed of the cutting saw.   The band saw machine according to claim 3, 4, 5, or 6, wherein the workpiece support base for supporting the workpiece is configured to supply the workpiece into an area surrounded by the endless band saw blade. A band saw machine characterized by being provided corresponding to a region.

Images