JP2005286579A - Modulator for super-directive speaker - Google Patents
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この発明は、可聴音を指向性放射する超指向性スピーカ用の変調器に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a modulator for a super-directional speaker that radiates audible sound in a directional manner.
図２は従来の超指向性スピーカ装置の構成を示すブロック図である。図に示すように、従来の超指向性スピーカ装置は、変調信号源１、係数器２、直流源３、加算器４、平方根変換器５、超音波帯域発振器６、乗算器７から構成される変調器と、パワーアンプ８、放射器９を備える。 FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional superdirective speaker device. As shown in the figure, the conventional super-directional speaker device includes a modulation signal source 1, a coefficient unit 2, a DC source 3, an adder 4, a square root converter 5, an ultrasonic band oscillator 6, and a multiplier 7. A modulator, a power amplifier 8 and a radiator 9 are provided.
変調信号源１は、音声信号ｓ（ｔ）を出力し、係数器２に供給する。係数器２は音声信号ｓ（ｔ）をｍ倍してｍ・ｓ（ｔ）を取得して、加算器４に供給する。ｍ・ｓ（ｔ）は直流源３のバイアスにより加算器４によって加算されて１＋ｍ・ｓ（ｔ）となる。続いて、平方根変換器５が加算器４の出力信号１＋ｍ・ｓ（ｔ）を平方根処理する。これにより得られた信号√１＋ｍ・ｓ（ｔ）は、超音波帯域発振器６からの超音波である搬送波と乗算器７により掛算される。この掛算処理により振幅変調が行われ、変調信号が得られる。 The modulation signal source 1 outputs an audio signal s (t) and supplies it to the coefficient unit 2. The coefficient unit 2 multiplies the audio signal s (t) by m to obtain m · s (t) and supplies it to the adder 4. m · s (t) is added by the adder 4 by the bias of the DC source 3 to be 1 + m · s (t). Subsequently, the square root converter 5 performs a square root process on the output signal 1 + m · s (t) of the adder 4. The signal √1 + m · s (t) obtained by this is multiplied by the multiplier 7 with the carrier wave that is the ultrasonic wave from the ultrasonic band oscillator 6. Amplitude modulation is performed by this multiplication process, and a modulated signal is obtained.
以上の係数器２から乗算器７までの処理は、変調度ｍの音声信号ｍ・ｓ（ｔ）を平方根処理し、「振幅変調」した処理となっている。乗算器７の出力は、パワーアンプ８により増幅され、超音波を発生させる複数の超音波振動素子アレーを備える放射器９に供給される。放射器９は取得した信号を指向性の音波として空気中に放射する。 The above processing from the coefficient unit 2 to the multiplier 7 is a process of performing “amplitude modulation” by subjecting the audio signal m · s (t) having the modulation degree m to square root processing. The output of the multiplier 7 is amplified by a power amplifier 8 and supplied to a radiator 9 having a plurality of ultrasonic vibrating element arrays that generate ultrasonic waves. The radiator 9 radiates the acquired signal into the air as a directional sound wave.
このような構成の超指向性スピーカ用変調器では、変調信号源１から音源信号が出力されないときは、超音波帯域発振器６からの搬送波周波数信号がそのまま放射器９から出力されてしまうという問題があった。そこで、このような問題を解決するために次のような構成の変調器が考えられた。 In the superdirective speaker modulator having such a configuration, when the sound source signal is not output from the modulation signal source 1, the carrier frequency signal from the ultrasonic band oscillator 6 is output from the radiator 9 as it is. there were. In order to solve such problems, a modulator having the following configuration has been considered.
図３は従来の超指向性スピーカ用変調器の別の構成を示すブロック図である。図に示すように、この変調器は、図２の変調器に加えて、包絡線器３０を備える。変調信号源１から出力されるオーディオ信号ｓ（ｔ）は包絡線器３０および係数器２に供給される。包絡線器３０はオーディオ信号ｓ（ｔ）を取得すると包絡線バイアス値ａ（０＜ａ≦１）を抽出し、出力する。係数器２は、オーディオ信号ｓ（ｔ）を取得するとｍ倍してｍ・ｓ（ｔ）の信号を出力する。包絡線器３０の出力と係数器２の出力とを加算器４が加算してａ＋ｍ・ｓ（ｔ）を得る。以降、平方根変換器５、超音波帯域発振器６、乗算器７の動作は、図２で示した動作と同様である。図３のような構成の変調器では、包絡線器３０は変調信号源１からオーディオ信号の入力がないときは包絡線バイアス値を出力しないため、図２のように変調信号源１から音源信号が出力されないときに搬送波が出力されることはない。 FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing another configuration of a conventional superdirective speaker modulator. As shown in the figure, this modulator includes an envelope 30 in addition to the modulator of FIG. The audio signal s (t) output from the modulation signal source 1 is supplied to the envelope 30 and the coefficient unit 2. When acquiring the audio signal s (t), the envelope 30 extracts and outputs an envelope bias value a (0 <a ≦ 1). When the coefficient unit 2 acquires the audio signal s (t), it is multiplied by m and outputs a signal of m · s (t). The adder 4 adds the output of the envelope 30 and the output of the coefficient unit 2 to obtain a + m · s (t). Thereafter, the operations of the square root converter 5, the ultrasonic band oscillator 6, and the multiplier 7 are the same as the operations shown in FIG. In the modulator configured as shown in FIG. 3, the envelope generator 30 does not output an envelope bias value when no audio signal is input from the modulation signal source 1, so that the sound source signal is output from the modulation signal source 1 as shown in FIG. 2. No carrier wave is output when no is output.
図３の回路による処理によって得られた変調信号は、パワーアンプで増幅され超音波を発生させる複数の超音波振動素子から音波となって放射される。この音波は、強力超音波である有限振幅音波として空気中を伝搬される過程で非線形相互作用を起こし、低周波成分などからなる超指向性音声に自己復調され、聴取者に対して聴取可能となる。 The modulation signal obtained by the processing by the circuit of FIG. 3 is emitted as sound waves from a plurality of ultrasonic vibration elements that are amplified by a power amplifier and generate ultrasonic waves. This sound wave has a nonlinear interaction in the process of being propagated through the air as a finite amplitude sound wave, which is a powerful ultrasonic wave, and is self-demodulated into super directional sound consisting of low frequency components, etc., and can be heard by the listener. Become.
従来の超指向性スピーカ用変調器は上記のように構成されており、変調方式として振幅変調を採用しているため、小レベルのオーディオ信号が入力された場合は変調率が低下する。このため、超音波振動素子から空気中へ放射し自己生成される復調音は、所望の音圧レベルを得ることができないという課題があった。 Conventional superdirective speaker modulators are configured as described above and employ amplitude modulation as a modulation method, so that when a low-level audio signal is input, the modulation rate decreases. For this reason, the demodulated sound radiated from the ultrasonic vibration element into the air and self-generated has a problem that a desired sound pressure level cannot be obtained.
また、入力されたオーディオ信号が過入力時には過変調となるため、出力される音声が歪んでしまうという課題があった。 Further, since the input audio signal is overmodulated when it is excessively input, there is a problem that the output sound is distorted.
この発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、過変調になることなく、オーディオ信号にあわせた最適なバイアスおよび変調出力を可能にする超指向性スピーカ用変調器を得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems. A superdirective speaker modulator that enables optimum bias and modulation output in accordance with an audio signal without overmodulation. The purpose is to obtain.
この発明に係る超指向性スピーカ用変調器は、オーディオ信号のレベルに応じた直流値を出力するレベル検出手段と、与えられた係数に従ってオーディオ信号のレベルを調整する係数手段と、レベル検出手段からの直流値に応じて、係数手段によるレベル調整後のオーディオ信号を直流シフトする直流シフト手段と、直流シフト手段により直流シフトされたオーディオ信号と超音波帯域の搬送波とを乗算し、変調信号を出力する乗算手段と、レベル検出手段からの直流値に応じて、係数手段の係数と、超音波帯域発振器から出力される搬送波のレベルとを変更する可変乗数手段とを備えたものである。 The superdirective speaker modulator according to the present invention includes level detection means for outputting a DC value corresponding to the level of the audio signal, coefficient means for adjusting the level of the audio signal according to a given coefficient, and level detection means. Depending on the direct current value, the audio signal after level adjustment by the coefficient means is DC-shifted, the audio signal shifted by the DC shift means is multiplied by the ultrasonic band carrier wave, and a modulated signal is output. And a variable multiplier means for changing the coefficient of the coefficient means and the level of the carrier wave output from the ultrasonic band oscillator in accordance with the direct current value from the level detection means.
この発明によれば、オーディオ信号のレベルに応じた直流値を出力するレベル検出手段と、与えられた係数に従ってオーディオ信号のレベルを調整する係数手段と、レベル検出手段からの直流値に応じて、係数手段によるレベル調整後のオーディオ信号を直流シフトする直流シフト手段と、直流シフト手段により直流シフトされたオーディオ信号と超音波帯域の搬送波とを乗算し、変調信号を出力する乗算手段と、レベル検出手段からの直流値に応じて、係数手段の係数と、超音波帯域発振器から出力される搬送波のレベルとを変更する可変乗数手段とを備えるように構成したので、オーディオ信号のレベルにあわせて変調率を低下させることなく変調信号を出力できる超指向性スピーカ用変調器を得ることができる効果がある。 According to the present invention, level detecting means for outputting a direct current value corresponding to the level of the audio signal, coefficient means for adjusting the level of the audio signal according to a given coefficient, and depending on the direct current value from the level detecting means, DC shift means for DC-shifting the audio signal whose level has been adjusted by the coefficient means, multiplication means for multiplying the audio signal shifted in direct current by the DC shift means and a carrier wave in the ultrasonic band, and outputting a modulation signal, and level detection Since the variable multiplier means for changing the coefficient of the coefficient means and the level of the carrier wave output from the ultrasonic band oscillator according to the direct current value from the means is provided, the modulation is performed according to the level of the audio signal. There is an effect that it is possible to obtain a modulator for a super-directional speaker that can output a modulation signal without reducing the rate.
実施の形態１．
図１はこの発明の実施の形態１による超指向性スピーカ用変調器の構成を示すブロック図である。図に示すように、超指向性スピーカ用変調器は、変調信号源（可聴音信号源）１０、包絡線器（レベル検出手段）１１、直流シフト値生成器（直流シフト手段）１２、可変乗数器（可変乗数手段）１３、超音波帯域発振器１４、係数器（係数手段）１５、リミッタ器（リミッタ手段）１６、平方根変換器１７、乗算器１８ａ，乗算器（乗算手段）１８ｂ，乗算器１８ｃ、加算器（直流シフト手段）１９を備える。
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a superdirective speaker modulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a modulator for a super-directional speaker includes a modulation signal source (audible sound signal source) 10, an envelope (level detection means) 11, a DC shift value generator (DC shift means) 12, a variable multiplier. A multiplier (variable multiplier means) 13, an ultrasonic band oscillator 14, a coefficient multiplier (coefficient means) 15, a limiter (limiter means) 16, a square root converter 17, a multiplier 18a, a multiplier (multiplier means) 18b, and a multiplier 18c. , An adder (DC shift means) 19 is provided.
変調信号源１０は、オーディオ信号を出力する。包絡線器１１は変調信号源１０からオーディオ信号が出力されると、そのレベルに応じて包絡線検波を行って包絡線レベル値（直流値）を抽出する。出力される包絡線レベル値は０〜１とする。直流シフト値生成器１２は、包絡線器１１から出力される包絡線レベル値に基づいてバイアスである直流シフト値を変更する。乗算器１８ａは直流シフト値生成器１２からの出力値と、包絡線器１１からの包絡線レベル値とを掛け算処理する。直流シフト値生成器１２は、包絡線器１１から出力される包絡線レベル値０〜１を、直流シフト値生成器１２の出力値と乗算器１８ａによって掛算した出力値を任意の値に設定できるものである。例えば、１００％の振幅変調が実現できるように、乗算器１８ａの出力値を常に１にするように設定する。すなわち、振幅変調波の式は、
入力信号 ｆ（ｔ）＝Ａｓｃｏｓωｓｔ
搬送波 ｆｃ（ｔ）＝Ａｃｃｏｓ（ωｃｔ＋θｃ）としたとき、
[ｆｃ（ｔ）]ＡＭ＝Ａｃ（１＋ｍＡＭｃｏｓωｓｔ）ｃｏｓ（ωｃｔ＋θｃ）
（ただし、ｍＡＭ＝Ａｓ／Ａｃ）
である。よって、包絡線レベル値を１（Ａｃ）とすると、１００％変調が実現できる。このように、直流シフト値生成器１２は所望の変調度を得るために包絡線レベル値を調整する。
The modulation signal source 10 outputs an audio signal. When an audio signal is output from the modulation signal source 10, the envelope 11 performs envelope detection according to the level and extracts an envelope level value (DC value). The envelope level value to be output is 0 to 1. The DC shift value generator 12 changes the DC shift value that is a bias based on the envelope level value output from the envelope generator 11. The multiplier 18 a multiplies the output value from the DC shift value generator 12 and the envelope level value from the envelope 11. The DC shift value generator 12 can set an output value obtained by multiplying the envelope level value 0 to 1 output from the envelope generator 11 by the output value of the DC shift value generator 12 by the multiplier 18a to an arbitrary value. Is. For example, the output value of the multiplier 18a is always set to 1 so that 100% amplitude modulation can be realized. That is, the equation of the amplitude modulation wave is
Input signal f (t) = A s cosω s t
When carrier wave f c (t) = A c cos (ω c t + θ c ),
[f c (t)] AM = A c (1 + m AM cosω s t) cos (ω c t + θ c)
(However, m AM = A s / A c )
It is. Therefore, if the envelope level value is 1 (A c ), 100% modulation can be realized. In this way, the DC shift value generator 12 adjusts the envelope level value to obtain a desired degree of modulation.
超音波帯域発振器１４は超音波帯域の搬送波を出力する。係数器１５は与えられた係数ｍによって変調信号源１０からのオーディオ信号のレベルを調整する。可変乗数器１３は、包絡線器１１から出力される包絡線レベル値に基づいて、超音波帯域発振器１４から出力される搬送波のレベルと係数器１５の係数とを調整する。例えば、包絡線器１１から出力される包絡線レベル値が０．５であるとき、係数器１５からの出力レベルを１、超音波帯域発振器１４からの出力レベルを０．５となるように調整する。乗算器１８ｃは、超音波帯域発振器１４からの搬送波に、可変乗数器１３からの出力値を乗算して出力する。 The ultrasonic band oscillator 14 outputs a carrier wave in the ultrasonic band. The coefficient unit 15 adjusts the level of the audio signal from the modulation signal source 10 by the given coefficient m. The variable multiplier 13 adjusts the level of the carrier wave output from the ultrasonic band oscillator 14 and the coefficient of the coefficient unit 15 based on the envelope level value output from the envelope line 11. For example, when the envelope level value output from the envelope generator 11 is 0.5, the output level from the coefficient unit 15 is adjusted to 1 and the output level from the ultrasonic band oscillator 14 is adjusted to 0.5. To do. The multiplier 18 c multiplies the carrier wave from the ultrasonic band oscillator 14 by the output value from the variable multiplier 13 and outputs the result.
加算器１９は、直流シフト値生成器１２が生成した直流シフト値によって、係数器１５によるレベル調整後のオーディオ信号を直流シフトする。リミッタ器１６は過変調を抑える働きをする。すなわち、加算器１９から出力される直流シフトされたオーディオ信号のレベルに応じて、過入力である場合は０または搬送波レベルより小さい値に調整する。平方根変換器１７はリミッタ器１６からの出力を平方根処理する。乗算器１８ｂは、平方根変換器１７からの出力と、乗算器１８ｃからの出力とを乗算して出力する。 The adder 19 DC shifts the audio signal after level adjustment by the coefficient unit 15 by the DC shift value generated by the DC shift value generator 12. The limiter 16 functions to suppress overmodulation. In other words, according to the level of the DC-shifted audio signal output from the adder 19, in the case of excessive input, it is adjusted to 0 or a value smaller than the carrier wave level. The square root converter 17 performs square root processing on the output from the limiter 16. The multiplier 18b multiplies the output from the square root converter 17 and the output from the multiplier 18c and outputs the result.
次に動作について説明する。
変調信号源１０からオーディオ信号が出力されると、包絡線器１１はオーディオ信号のレベルに応じて包絡線レベル値を抽出する。続いて、可変乗数器１３が、包絡線レベル値に応じて係数器１５の係数ｍと超音波帯域発振器１４からの搬送波の出力レベルを調整する。係数器１５は調整された係数ｍによって変調信号源１０からのオーディオ信号のレベルを調整する。レベル調整されたオーディオ信号は、包絡線器１１からの包絡線レベル値に基づいて直流シフト値生成器１２によって生成された直流シフト値分だけ、加算器１９によって直流シフトされる。直流シフトされたオーディオ信号はリミッタ器１６によって過変調を抑えた後、平方根変換器１７によって平方根処理する。可変乗数器１３によって出力レベルを調整された搬送波と、平方根変換器１７からの出力とを乗算器１８ｃからの出力とを乗算して出力する。これが変調信号として、パワーアンプ、超指向性スピーカ等に出力される。超指向性スピーカから放射される音波は、超指向性を有する。
Next, the operation will be described.
When an audio signal is output from the modulation signal source 10, the envelope 11 extracts an envelope level value according to the level of the audio signal. Subsequently, the variable multiplier 13 adjusts the coefficient m of the coefficient unit 15 and the output level of the carrier wave from the ultrasonic band oscillator 14 according to the envelope level value. The coefficient unit 15 adjusts the level of the audio signal from the modulation signal source 10 by the adjusted coefficient m. The level-adjusted audio signal is DC-shifted by the adder 19 by the DC shift value generated by the DC shift value generator 12 based on the envelope level value from the envelope 11. The direct-shifted audio signal is suppressed by the limiter 16 and then subjected to square root processing by the square root converter 17. The carrier wave whose output level has been adjusted by the variable multiplier 13 and the output from the square root converter 17 are multiplied by the output from the multiplier 18c and output. This is output as a modulation signal to a power amplifier, a super-directional speaker or the like. The sound wave radiated from the superdirective speaker has superdirectivity.
以上のように、この実施の形態１によれば、包絡線器１１から出力される包絡線レベル値に基づいて、係数器１５の係数と超音波帯域発振器１４からの搬送波の出力レベルとを調整する可変乗数器１３を備えるようにしたので、オーディオ信号のレベルにあわせて変調率を低下させることなく変調信号を出力できる超指向性スピーカ用変調器を得ることができる効果が得られる。また、オーディオ信号のレベルに応じて過変調を抑えるリミッタ器１６を備えるようにしたので、過変調になるのを防ぐことができる効果が得られる。 As described above, according to the first embodiment, the coefficient of the coefficient unit 15 and the output level of the carrier wave from the ultrasonic band oscillator 14 are adjusted based on the envelope level value output from the envelope line 11. Since the variable multiplier 13 is provided, it is possible to obtain a superdirective speaker modulator that can output a modulation signal without reducing the modulation rate in accordance with the level of the audio signal. In addition, since the limiter 16 that suppresses overmodulation according to the level of the audio signal is provided, an effect of preventing overmodulation can be obtained.
１，１０ 変調信号源（可聴音信号源）、２，１５ 係数器（係数手段）、３ 直流源、４，１９ 加算器（直流シフト手段）、５，１７ 平方根変換器、６，１４ 超音波帯域発振器、７，１８ａ，１８ｂ，１８ｃ 乗算器（乗算手段）、８ パワーアンプ、９ 放射器、１１，３０ 包絡線器（レベル検出手段）、１２ 直流シフト値生成器（直流シフト手段）、１３ 可変乗数器（可変乗数手段）、１６ リミッタ器（リミッタ手段）。 1,10 Modulation signal source (audible sound signal source), 2,15 Coefficient unit (coefficient means), 3 DC source, 4,19 Adder (DC shift means), 5,17 Square root converter, 6,14 Ultrasound Band oscillator, 7, 18a, 18b, 18c Multiplier (multiplication means), 8 Power amplifier, 9 Radiator, 11, 30 Envelope (level detection means), 12 DC shift value generator (DC shift means), 13 Variable multiplier (variable multiplier means), 16 limiter (limiter means).
Claims (3)
前記オーディオ信号のレベルに応じた直流値を出力するレベル検出手段と、
与えられた係数に従って前記オーディオ信号のレベルを調整する係数手段と、
前記レベル検出手段からの直流値に応じて、前記係数手段によるレベル調整後の前記オーディオ信号を直流シフトする直流シフト手段と、
前記直流シフト手段により直流シフトされたオーディオ信号と前記超音波帯域の搬送波とを乗算し、変調信号を出力する乗算手段と、
前記レベル検出手段からの直流値に応じて、前記係数手段の係数と、前記超音波帯域発振器から出力される搬送波のレベルとを変更する可変乗数手段とを備えた超指向性スピーカ用変調器。 In the superdirective speaker modulator that modulates the ultrasonic band carrier wave output from the ultrasonic band oscillator by the audio signal output from the audible sound signal source and outputs the modulation signal to the superdirectional speaker.
Level detection means for outputting a direct current value corresponding to the level of the audio signal;
Coefficient means for adjusting the level of the audio signal according to a given coefficient;
DC shift means for DC-shifting the audio signal after level adjustment by the coefficient means according to a DC value from the level detection means;
Multiplying means for multiplying the audio signal shifted in direct current by the direct current shifting means and the carrier wave in the ultrasonic band, and outputting a modulation signal;
A superdirective speaker modulator comprising variable multiplier means for changing a coefficient of the coefficient means and a level of a carrier wave output from the ultrasonic band oscillator in accordance with a direct current value from the level detection means.
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| JP5252137B1 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-07-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | Ultrasonic speaker system |
| JP2013537741A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2013-10-03 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ | Driving parametric loudspeakers |
| WO2014077234A1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-22 | Ｎｅｃカシオモバイルコミュニケーションズ株式会社 | Sound system and electronic equipment |
| JP2014241635A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-25 | Ｎｅｃカシオモバイルコミュニケーションズ株式会社 | Loudspeaker device and electronic apparatus |
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| KR101439315B1 (en) | 2012-12-31 | 2014-09-11 | 김지웅 | System and Method for Personal Position Directed Speaker |
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| JP2001346288A (en) * | 2000-06-02 | 2001-12-14 | Mk Seiko Co Ltd | Parametric loudspeaker |
| WO2003019846A2 (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-06 | American Technology Corporation | Dynamic carrier system for parametric arrays |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2013537741A (en) * | 2010-07-22 | 2013-10-03 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エヌ ヴェ | Driving parametric loudspeakers |
| WO2014077234A1 (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2014-05-22 | Ｎｅｃカシオモバイルコミュニケーションズ株式会社 | Sound system and electronic equipment |
| JP5252137B1 (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2013-07-31 | パナソニック株式会社 | Ultrasonic speaker system |
| US8855333B2 (en) | 2013-02-18 | 2014-10-07 | Panasonic Corporation | Ultrasonic speaker system |
| JP2014241635A (en) * | 2014-08-29 | 2014-12-25 | Ｎｅｃカシオモバイルコミュニケーションズ株式会社 | Loudspeaker device and electronic apparatus |
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