JP2005168120A - Cooling structure of motor - Google Patents

Cooling structure of motor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2005168120A
JP2005168120A JP2003401338A JP2003401338A JP2005168120A JP 2005168120 A JP2005168120 A JP 2005168120A JP 2003401338 A JP2003401338 A JP 2003401338A JP 2003401338 A JP2003401338 A JP 2003401338A JP 2005168120 A JP2005168120 A JP 2005168120A
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motor
wheel
cooling
air passage
disk rotor
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JP4457652B2 (en
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Tetsuya Niiguni
哲也 新国
Masahiro Tsukamoto
雅裕 塚本
Tadayuki Hatsuda
匡之 初田
Tsutomu Tanimoto
勉 谷本
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cool an in-wheel motor positioned in the center of the hub cap of a wheel through a simple constitution without providing any new part. <P>SOLUTION: The hub cap 2 of the wheel 1, a disk rotor 10 for use in a disk brake that applies brake to the wheel 1, and the rotor 9 of a motor 8 are integrally coupled with one another. The disk rotor 10 is of ventilated type and provided therein with an air duct 11 in the radial direction. The stator 14 of the motor 8 is provided with an air duct 16 for cooling. The intake port 17 of the air duct 16 is formed at the inside end in the direction of the width of vehicle. The exhaust port 18 of the air duct 16 is formed at the outside end in the direction of the width of vehicle so that it is opposed to an intake port 12. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、車輪に駆動用モータを隣接配置して駆動結合したいわゆる各輪独立駆動方式のモータの冷却構造につき、特に、簡易な構成で効果的にモータを冷却する技術に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a so-called wheel independent drive motor cooling structure in which a driving motor is disposed adjacent to a wheel, and particularly relates to a technique for effectively cooling the motor with a simple configuration.

電気自動車の駆動方式として、各輪もしくは前後輪の一方に左右独立駆動モータを備え、該モータを車輪のホイール近傍に設けたインホイールドライブ方式では、駆動ユニットを車体側メンバに載置する必要がなく、車内空間を拡幅することができることや、各輪独立駆動であるため、従来の自動車とは異なる運転感覚が得られるなどの特徴がある。このインホイールドライブ方式を実現するためにはモータの小型化が不可欠であるが、車両走行に必要な出力を確保しつつモータ体積を小型化すれば、発熱によるモータの温度上昇が顕著になるため、モータの冷却が重要な課題となる。インホイールドライブ方式に用いられるモータ（以下インホイールモータという）の冷却装置に関する発明としては従来、例えば特許文献１に記載のごときものが知られている。
特開平５−１０４９６０号公報 特許文献１に記載のインホイールモータの冷却装置は、送風ファンからエアフィルターを介して、清浄な外気をホイールに隣接配置したインホイールモータ内に送り込み、インホイールモータを冷却したり、車輪のスポーク部分を軸流フィン形状に形成して、インホイールモータ内の熱気をホイール外へ排出したり、ホイールキャップに遠心ファンを取り付けて、遠心作用によってインホイールモータ内の熱気をホイール外へ排出するようにしたものである。 In the in-wheel drive system in which the left and right independent drive motors are provided on one of the wheels or the front and rear wheels and the motors are provided in the vicinity of the wheels of the wheels as the drive system of the electric vehicle, the drive unit must be mounted on the vehicle body side member In addition, the interior space can be widened, and each wheel has independent driving, so that it has a feature that a driving sensation different from that of a conventional automobile can be obtained. Miniaturization of the motor is indispensable for realizing this in-wheel drive system, but if the motor volume is reduced while ensuring the output required for vehicle travel, the temperature rise of the motor due to heat generation becomes significant. Motor cooling is an important issue. As an invention related to a cooling device for a motor (hereinafter referred to as an in-wheel motor) used in an in-wheel drive system, a device as described in, for example, Patent Document 1 has been known.
JP, 5-104960, A The cooling device of an in-wheel motor given in patent documents 1 sends clean outside air from an air blower fan via an air filter in the in-wheel motor adjacent to a wheel, and makes an in-wheel motor Cooling or forming the spoke part of the wheel in the shape of an axial fin to discharge the hot air in the in-wheel motor to the outside of the wheel, or attaching a centrifugal fan to the wheel cap, and the hot air in the in-wheel motor by centrifugal action Is discharged out of the wheel.

しかし、上記従来のようなインホイールモータの冷却装置にあっては、以下に説明するような問題を生ずる。つまりインホイールモータの周辺や車輪に付属部品を新たに配設する必要があり、車体重量が増大する。また組み付けや加工に手数を要し、コストが増大する。   However, the conventional in-wheel motor cooling apparatus has the following problems. That is, it is necessary to newly provide an accessory part around the in-wheel motor or on the wheel, which increases the weight of the vehicle body. In addition, the assembly and processing takes time, and the cost increases.

本発明は、簡易な構成で効果的にインホイールモータを冷却する技術を提案するものである。   The present invention proposes a technique for effectively cooling an in-wheel motor with a simple configuration.

この目的のため本発明によるインホイールモータの冷却構造は、請求項１に記載のごとく、
ベンチレーテッド型のディスクロータを具える車輪に、各車輪を独立に駆動するモータを備えた車両において、
前記モータに設けられたモータ冷却用通風路の排気口を、前記ベンチレーテッド型ディスクロータに設けられたディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口に対向させたことを特徴としたものである。 For this purpose, the cooling structure of the in-wheel motor according to the present invention is as described in claim 1,
In a vehicle equipped with a motor that independently drives each wheel on a wheel having a ventilated type disk rotor,
An exhaust port of a motor cooling air passage provided in the motor is opposed to an air intake port of a disk rotor cooling air passage provided in the ventilated type disk rotor.

かかる本発明の冷却構造によれば、ベンチレーテッド型のディスクロータを利用してモータの冷却用通風路に外気を通じさせるため、簡易な構成によりモータを冷却することができる。また、車体重量が増大することがなく、有利なコストでモータの冷却構造を実現することができる。   According to the cooling structure of the present invention, since the outside air is passed through the cooling air passage of the motor using the ventilated disk rotor, the motor can be cooled with a simple configuration. Further, the weight of the vehicle body does not increase, and a motor cooling structure can be realized at an advantageous cost.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を、図面に示す実施例に基づき詳細に説明する。
図１は本発明の構成になるモータの冷却構造を例示する縦断面図である。本実施例においては駆動モータを、車輪のホイールに隣接して配置するホイールインモータとする。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail based on examples shown in the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a motor cooling structure according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the drive motor is a wheel-in motor disposed adjacent to the wheel of the wheel.

車輪１の中心に位置するホイール２は、外周にホイールリム３を形成するとともに、ホイールリム３の赤道面から車幅方向外側へオフセットさせて円盤形状のホイールディスク４を形成する。
ホイールディスク４の中央部には複数の貫通孔５が所定の配設間隔で穿設されている。 The wheel 2 positioned at the center of the wheel 1 forms a wheel rim 3 on the outer periphery, and forms a disc-shaped wheel disk 4 by being offset from the equator plane of the wheel rim 3 to the outside in the vehicle width direction.
A plurality of through holes 5 are formed at predetermined intervals in the center of the wheel disk 4.

モータ８の中心にあるモータ回転子９はアクスル軸Ｏを中心に回転する。回転子９の車幅方向外方の端部には複数のボルト部材６を所定の配設間隔で車幅方向外方へ向けて立設する。貫通孔５には、ボルト部材６を挿通し、ナット７で締結して、ホイール２とモータ回転子９を一体に連結する。これよりホイール２とモータ回転子9は一体的に回転することが可能となる。
また、モータ回転子９とホイール2の間にはベンチレーテッド型のディスクロータ１０が一体に結合されている。
なお、図においてはモータ8自体の車両に対する支持構造を開示していないが、モータ8は車体側メンバに支持されており、具体的にはサスペンションに取り付けられている。この場合はモータ８のハウジングにより、車重を支えることになりモータ８内のモータ回転子９を軸支するベアリングの荷重が過大になる虞がある。そこで例えばホイール２とモータ８の間にモータ回転子９を軸支する軸受を車体側メンバ(サスペンション)と一体に設け、荷重を分担するようにすると良い。
回転子９および車輪１が回転中にはディスクロータ１０も一体に回転する。制動時には図示せざるブレーキキャリパがディスクロータ１０を挟圧して車輪１の回転を停止せしめる。ディスクロータ１０内には径方向のディスクロータ通風路１１が設けられ、ディスクロータ１０の回転時には遠心作用により外気が矢の方向で示すように、ディスクロータ１０の内周円１０ｉにあって径方向内方へ指向する吸気口１２に流入し、ディスクロータ通風路１１を通過してディスクロータ１０の外周円１０ｏから放出されディスクロータ１０を冷却する。 The motor rotor 9 at the center of the motor 8 rotates about the axle shaft O. A plurality of bolt members 6 are erected outwardly in the vehicle width direction at predetermined intervals at the outer end of the rotor 9 in the vehicle width direction. A bolt member 6 is inserted into the through hole 5 and fastened with a nut 7 to connect the wheel 2 and the motor rotor 9 together. As a result, the wheel 2 and the motor rotor 9 can rotate integrally.
A ventilated disc rotor 10 is integrally coupled between the motor rotor 9 and the wheel 2.
Although the figure does not disclose a support structure for the motor 8 itself with respect to the vehicle, the motor 8 is supported by the vehicle body side member, and is specifically attached to the suspension. In this case, the vehicle weight is supported by the housing of the motor 8, and the load of the bearing that pivotally supports the motor rotor 9 in the motor 8 may be excessive. Therefore, for example, a bearing for supporting the motor rotor 9 between the wheel 2 and the motor 8 may be provided integrally with the vehicle body side member (suspension) so as to share the load.
While the rotor 9 and the wheel 1 are rotating, the disk rotor 10 also rotates integrally. During braking, a brake caliper (not shown) pinches the disc rotor 10 to stop the rotation of the wheel 1. A disk rotor ventilation path 11 in the radial direction is provided in the disk rotor 10, and when the disk rotor 10 rotates, the outside air lies in the inner circumferential circle 10 i of the disk rotor 10 in the radial direction so that the outside air is indicated by the direction of the arrow due to centrifugal action. The air flows into the intake port 12 directed inward, passes through the disk rotor ventilation path 11, is discharged from the outer circumferential circle 10 o of the disk rotor 10, and cools the disk rotor 10.

モータ固定子１４の車幅方向両端部はベアリング機構１３を介して相対回転可能にモータ回転子９を支持する。ベアリング機構１３，１３はモータ８内に塵埃や水滴が進入することを防止する役目も果たす。モータ固定子１４はモータ８の外郭を形成する中空円筒形状であって、内壁にはコイル巻線１５を設ける。また、モータ固定子１４内のコイル巻線１５近傍には、モータ８を冷却するための通風路１６をアクスル軸Ｏ方向に延在するよう設ける。   Both ends of the motor stator 14 in the vehicle width direction support the motor rotor 9 through the bearing mechanism 13 so as to be relatively rotatable. The bearing mechanisms 13 and 13 also serve to prevent dust and water droplets from entering the motor 8. The motor stator 14 has a hollow cylindrical shape that forms the outline of the motor 8, and a coil winding 15 is provided on the inner wall. A ventilation passage 16 for cooling the motor 8 is provided in the vicinity of the coil winding 15 in the motor stator 14 so as to extend in the direction of the axle shaft O.

固定子１４の車幅方向内側端には通風路１６の吸気口１７を設け、固定子１４の車幅方向外側端には通風路１６の排気口１８を設ける。排気口１８はアクスル軸Ｏに対し直角方向外側に指向させ、かつ、周方向１列に配設する。   An intake port 17 of the ventilation path 16 is provided at the inner end in the vehicle width direction of the stator 14, and an exhaust port 18 of the ventilation path 16 is provided at the outer end in the vehicle width direction of the stator 14. The exhaust ports 18 are directed outward in the direction perpendicular to the axle shaft O and are arranged in a row in the circumferential direction.

図２は図１中、Ａ−Ａ線上で断面とし、矢の方向に見たホイールおよびベンチレーテッドディスクロータの横断面図である。周方向１列に配設した排気口１８は、ディスクロータ１０の内周円１０ｉよりも僅かに小さい円をなし、排気口１８と吸気口１２を相互に対向するよう配置する。
上記のようにディスクロータ１０の回転中は、外気が吸気口１２から流入するが、この外気は対向する排気口１８からも吸入されるため、外気はまず吸気口１７から流入しモータ通風路１６を通過して排気口１８へ達し、ひきつづき吸気口１２をから流入し扇状のディスクロータ通風路１１，１１・・・を通過してディスクロータ１０の外周円１０ｏから放出される。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel and the ventilated disc rotor taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow. The exhaust ports 18 arranged in a row in the circumferential direction form a circle slightly smaller than the inner peripheral circle 10 i of the disk rotor 10, and the exhaust ports 18 and the intake ports 12 are arranged to face each other.
While the disk rotor 10 is rotating as described above, outside air flows from the intake port 12, but this outside air is also sucked from the opposing exhaust port 18, so that the outside air first flows from the intake port 17 and enters the motor ventilation path 16. , Reaches the exhaust port 18, then flows in from the intake port 12, passes through the fan-shaped disk rotor ventilation passages 11, 11..., And is discharged from the outer circumferential circle 10 o of the disk rotor 10.

図３は本発明の他の実施例になるモータの冷却構造を示す縦断面図である。また、図４は同実施例のモータの冷却構造をB−B線上で断面とし矢の方向からみたホイールおよびベンチレーテッドディスクロータの横断面図である。
本実施例では、上記実施例と同一の機能を有する部材については同じ符号を付し説明を省略するが、異なる機能を有する部材については別の符号を付して以下に説明する。
排気口１８周囲およびディスクロータ１０近傍のモータ固定子１４には樹脂などの熱伝導率の小さい遮熱部材２３を設ける。これより、制動時には高温になるディスクロータ１０の熱が直接、モータ固定子１４へ伝導することを防止する。 FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a motor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel and the ventilated disc rotor as seen from the direction of the arrow, with the motor cooling structure of the embodiment taken as a cross section on the line BB.
In the present embodiment, members having the same functions as those in the above embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted, but members having different functions are denoted by different reference numerals and described below.
The motor stator 14 around the exhaust port 18 and in the vicinity of the disk rotor 10 is provided with a heat shield member 23 having a low thermal conductivity such as resin. As a result, the heat of the disk rotor 10 that becomes high during braking is prevented from being directly conducted to the motor stator 14.

また、遮熱部材２３の代わりに、単位温度だけ上昇させるのに必要な熱量（熱容量）が大きい吸熱材料からなる吸熱部材２３ａを設けてもよい。ここで、効果的に吸熱効果を得るためには、吸熱部材２３ａを図示のように肉厚にして吸熱量を増大するとよく、あるいは図示しなかったが吸熱部材２３ａの外周に多数の条溝を刻設して放熱に適したフィン形状にし、吸熱部材２３ａが高温になるのを防止するとよい。   Further, instead of the heat shielding member 23, a heat absorbing member 23a made of an endothermic material having a large amount of heat (heat capacity) required for raising the unit temperature may be provided. Here, in order to effectively obtain the endothermic effect, the endothermic member 23a may be thickened as shown in the figure to increase the endothermic amount, or although not shown, a large number of grooves are formed on the outer periphery of the endothermic member 23a. It is good to prevent the heat absorption member 23a from becoming high temperature by engraving it into a fin shape suitable for heat dissipation.

図５は本発明の更に他の実施例になるモータの冷却構造を示す縦断面図である。また、図６は同実施例のモータの冷却構造をＣ−Ｃ線上で断面とし矢の方向からみたホイールおよびベンチレーテッドディスクロータの横断面図である。
本実施例では、インナー側に回転子９を具え、アウター側に固定子１４を具えた上記モータ８と、ホイール２との間の駆動経路に、減速機２４を介挿した構成において、１系統の通風路がモータ８を冷却するとともに、減速機２４をも冷却することを特徴とする。上記実施例と同一の機能の有する部材については同じ符号を付し説明を省略するが、異なる機能を有する部材については別の符号を付して以下に説明する。 FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a motor cooling structure according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel and the ventilated disc rotor as seen from the direction of the arrows, with the motor cooling structure of the embodiment taken as a cross section on the line CC.
In the present embodiment, in the configuration in which the speed reducer 24 is inserted in the drive path between the motor 8 having the rotor 9 on the inner side and the stator 14 on the outer side and the wheel 2, one system is provided. The ventilation path cools the motor 8 and also cools the speed reducer 24. The members having the same functions as those in the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. However, the members having different functions are described with different reference numerals.

減速機２４の外装を形成するハウジング２５はモータ８の固定子１４と一体に結合する。ハウジング２５の内部にはギア２６が設けられ、モータ回転子９の一端に結合したギア９ｇと噛合する。ギア２６の中心にはアクスル軸Ｏ方向に延在するシャフト２７を一体に結合する。シャフト２７の両端部はベアリング機構２８，２８を介してハウジング２５により支持される。ベアリング機構２８，２８は減速機２４内に塵埃や水滴が進入することを防止する役目も果たす。また、シャフト２７の車幅方向外側端にはベンチレーテッド型のディスクロータ１０を同心円となるよう連結するとともに、複数のボルト部材６を所定の配設間隔で車幅方向外方へ立設する。ボルト部材６には、ホイール２の貫通孔５を係合し、ナット７で締結して、ホイール２とシャフト２７を一体に連結する。これよりシャフト２７はホイール２を支持する。   A housing 25 that forms the exterior of the speed reducer 24 is integrally coupled to the stator 14 of the motor 8. A gear 26 is provided inside the housing 25 and meshes with a gear 9 g coupled to one end of the motor rotor 9. A shaft 27 extending in the direction of the axle axis O is integrally coupled to the center of the gear 26. Both ends of the shaft 27 are supported by the housing 25 via bearing mechanisms 28 and 28. The bearing mechanisms 28 and 28 also serve to prevent dust and water droplets from entering the speed reducer 24. A ventilated disc rotor 10 is connected to the outer end of the shaft 27 in the vehicle width direction so as to be concentric, and a plurality of bolt members 6 are erected outward in the vehicle width direction at predetermined intervals. . The bolt member 6 is engaged with the through hole 5 of the wheel 2 and fastened with a nut 7 to integrally connect the wheel 2 and the shaft 27. Thus, the shaft 27 supports the wheel 2.

モータ８の力行中は、駆動トルクがモータ８からギア９ｇ、ギア２６およびシャフト２７を介してホイール２に伝達し、車輪１がアクスル軸Ｏを中心に回転する。   During powering of the motor 8, drive torque is transmitted from the motor 8 to the wheel 2 via the gear 9g, the gear 26 and the shaft 27, and the wheel 1 rotates about the axle shaft O.

上記の減速機２４の冷却構造について、次に説明する。
減速機２４のハウジング２５内部には、減速機２４冷却用の通風路１６ｇを設ける。通風路１６ｇはハウジング２５の全域にわたって設け、通風路１６ｇがモータ８の通風路１６の下流側に位置するよう相互の通風路１６ｇ，１６を連通する。そして通風路１６ｇの排気口１８ｇをアクスル軸Ｏに対し直角方向外側に指向させ、かつ、周方向１列に配設する。排気口１８ｇは、ディスクロータ１０の内周円１０ｉよりも僅かに小さい円をなし、排気口１８ｇとディスクロータ１０の吸気口１２を相互に対向するよう配置する。 Next, the cooling structure of the speed reducer 24 will be described.
Inside the housing 25 of the speed reducer 24, an air passage 16g for cooling the speed reducer 24 is provided. The ventilation path 16 g is provided over the entire area of the housing 25, and the mutual ventilation paths 16 g and 16 are communicated so that the ventilation path 16 g is located on the downstream side of the ventilation path 16 of the motor 8. And the exhaust port 18g of the ventilation path 16g is orient | assigned to the orthogonal | vertical direction outer side with respect to the axle shaft O, and is arrange | positioned in the circumferential direction 1 row. The exhaust port 18g forms a circle slightly smaller than the inner circumferential circle 10i of the disk rotor 10, and the exhaust port 18g and the intake port 12 of the disk rotor 10 are arranged to face each other.

上記のようにディスクロータ１０の回転中は、外気が吸気口１２から流入するが、この外気は対向する排気口１８ｇから吸入されるため、外気はまず吸気口１７から流入しモータ通風路１６および減速機通風路１６ｇを通過して排気口１８ｇへ達し、ひきつづき吸気口１２から流入し扇状のディスクロータ通風路１１，１１・・・を通過してディスクロータ１０の外周円１０ｏから放出される。   As described above, while the disk rotor 10 is rotating, outside air flows from the intake port 12, but this outside air is sucked from the opposed exhaust port 18 g, so that the outside air first flows from the intake port 17, and the motor ventilation path 16 and It passes through the speed reducer ventilation path 16g, reaches the exhaust port 18g, and then flows in from the intake port 12, passes through the fan-shaped disk rotor ventilation paths 11, 11,..., And is discharged from the outer circumference circle 10o of the disk rotor 10.

なお、上記実施例では、吸気口１２に減速機通風路１６ｇとモータ通風路１６とを直列に連通したが、減速機２４よりもモータ８が高温になる場合には、本実施例の代わりに、通風路１６の上流に通風路１６ｇを連通し、外気がまず減速機２４の通風路１６ｇを通過し、次にモータ８の通風路１６を通過し、最後にディスクロータ１０の通風路１１を通過して、外周円１０ｏから排出されるようにしてもよい。あるいは、それぞれの通風量は二分されるが、モータ８および減速機２４の設置レイアウトに応じて吸気口１２に減速機通風路１６ｇとモータ通風路１６とを並列に連通してもよい。   In the above embodiment, the speed reducer ventilation path 16g and the motor ventilation path 16 are connected in series to the intake port 12. However, when the motor 8 is hotter than the speed reducer 24, the present embodiment is replaced with this embodiment. The air passage 16g is connected upstream of the air passage 16, and the outside air first passes through the air passage 16g of the speed reducer 24, then passes through the air passage 16 of the motor 8, and finally passes through the air passage 11 of the disk rotor 10. It may pass through and be discharged from the outer circumference circle 10o. Or although each ventilation volume is divided into two, according to the installation layout of the motor 8 and the reduction gear 24, you may connect the reduction gear ventilation path 16g and the motor ventilation path 16 in parallel with the inlet 12.

図７は本発明の別の実施例になるモータの冷却構造を示す縦断面図である。また、図８は同実施例のモータの冷却構造をD−D線上で断面とし矢の方向からみたホイールおよびベンチレーテッドディスクロータの横断面図である。   FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a motor cooling structure according to another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel and the ventilated disc rotor as seen from the direction of the arrow, with the motor cooling structure of the embodiment taken as a cross section on the line D-D.

本実施例では、上記図１および図２に示した実施例と基本構成において同一であり、同一の機能の有する部材については同じ符号を付し説明を省略するが、異なる機能を有する部材については別の符号を付して以下に説明する。
回転子９にはアクスル軸Ｏに沿って通風路１６ｏを設ける。通風路１６ｏの車幅内側端を通風路１６と連通する。また通風路１６ｏの車幅外側端を吸気口１７ｏとする。ホイールディスクの回転中心には孔４ｈを設けておき、ホイール２をモータ回転子９に結合させた場合には、吸気口１７ｏが孔４ｈと一致して、吸気口１７ｏの閉塞を防止する。 In this embodiment, the basic configuration is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 described above, and members having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. However, members having different functions are described. This will be described below with other reference numerals.
The rotor 9 is provided with an air passage 16o along the axle axis O. The vehicle width inner end of the ventilation path 16o communicates with the ventilation path 16. Further, the vehicle width outer side end of the ventilation path 16o is defined as an intake port 17o. When a hole 4h is provided in the center of rotation of the wheel disc and the wheel 2 is coupled to the motor rotor 9, the intake port 17o coincides with the hole 4h to prevent the intake port 17o from being blocked.

図９は走行中の車両周辺を通過する走行風の流れを示す側面図である。車体のアンダ・ボデー外装を形成する底板２０と路面２１に挟まれた空間には、車速とほぼ同じ相対速度（風速）の走行風が、矢印のように車体前方から後方へ流れている。この走行風の一部は分岐して、図示のようにホイールハウジング２２と車輪１に挟まれた空間にも至るが、この風速は底板２０より下部の風速よりも遅くなる。
そこで、吸気口１７には図示せざる吸気ダクトを配管接続し、吸気ダクトの取入口をホイールセンターＦより下部に、かつ車体前方に指向するよう設ける。 FIG. 9 is a side view showing a flow of traveling wind passing through the periphery of the traveling vehicle. In the space sandwiched between the bottom plate 20 and the road surface 21 that forms the underbody exterior of the vehicle body, traveling wind having a relative speed (wind speed) substantially the same as the vehicle speed flows from the front to the rear of the vehicle body as indicated by an arrow. A part of the traveling wind branches and reaches a space between the wheel housing 22 and the wheel 1 as shown in the figure, but this wind speed is slower than the wind speed below the bottom plate 20.
Therefore, an intake duct (not shown) is connected to the intake port 17 by piping, and the intake duct intake port is provided below the wheel center F and toward the front of the vehicle body.

図１０は本発明の更に別の実施例になるモータの冷却構造を示す縦断面図である。また、図１１は同実施例のモータの冷却構造をＥ−Ｅ断面で切断し矢の方向からみたホイールおよびベンチレーテッドディスクロータの横断面図である。   FIG. 10 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a motor cooling structure according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of the wheel and the ventilated disk rotor as seen from the direction of the arrow when the motor cooling structure of the embodiment is cut along the EE section.

本実施例では、上記実施例と基本構成において同一であり、同一の機能の有する部材については同じ符号を付し説明を省略するが、異なる機能を有する部材については別の符号を付して以下に説明する。本実施例のモータ２９は、回転中心にインナステータ型の固定子３０を配し、固定子３０を包囲するようにアウタロータ型の回転子３１を配する。固定子３０の車幅方向内端部は、図示せざる車体側メンバに支持される。また、固定子３０の車幅方向外端部には、アクスル軸Ｏに沿って延在する孔３０ｈを設ける。   In the present embodiment, the basic configuration is the same as the above embodiment, members having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted, but members having different functions will be denoted by different symbols and hereinafter. Explained. In the motor 29 of this embodiment, an inner stator type stator 30 is arranged at the center of rotation, and an outer rotor type rotor 31 is arranged so as to surround the stator 30. The inner end of the stator 30 in the vehicle width direction is supported by a vehicle body side member (not shown). Further, a hole 30 h extending along the axle shaft O is provided at the outer end in the vehicle width direction of the stator 30.

アクスル軸Ｏを中心に回転する中空円筒形状の回転子３１は、車幅方向内端で開口しているが車幅方向外端で閉じており、車幅方向内方へ向けてシャフト３１ｓを立設する。アクスル軸Ｏに沿って延在するシャフト３１ｓを固定子３０に設けた孔３０ｈに挿入する。回転子３１の車幅方向両端部の内周は、ベアリング３２を介して固定子３０に支持されており、シャフト３１ｓの車幅方向両端部の外周はベアリング３３を介して固定子３０に支持されている。
固定子３０の車幅方向中間部の外周には、コイル巻線１５を設ける。固定子３０の外周近傍には、モータ２９を冷却するための通風路３４を設ける。通風路３４は車幅方向に延在し、吸気口３５を固定子３０の車幅方向内端に、排気口３６を固定子３０の車幅方向外端部にそれぞれ設ける。そして排気口３６をアクスル軸Ｏに対し直角方向外側に指向させ、かつ、周方向１列に配設する。排気口３６は、アウタロータ型の回転子３１の内周３１ｉよりも僅かに小さい円をなす。一方、アウタロータ型の回転子３１の内壁には、吸気口３７を排気口３６と相互に対向するように設ける。回転子３１には吸気口３７からアクスル軸Ｏに対し直角方向に通風路３４ｏを設ける。そして通風路３４ｏが回転子３１の外壁と交差する箇所には排気口３８を設ける。 The hollow cylindrical rotor 31 that rotates about the axle shaft O is open at the inner end in the vehicle width direction but closed at the outer end in the vehicle width direction, and the shaft 31s stands up inward in the vehicle width direction. Set up. A shaft 31 s extending along the axle axis O is inserted into a hole 30 h provided in the stator 30. The inner periphery of both ends in the vehicle width direction of the rotor 31 is supported by the stator 30 via bearings 32, and the outer periphery of both ends in the vehicle width direction of the shaft 31s is supported by the stator 30 via bearings 33. ing.
A coil winding 15 is provided on the outer periphery of the intermediate portion of the stator 30 in the vehicle width direction. A ventilation passage 34 for cooling the motor 29 is provided in the vicinity of the outer periphery of the stator 30. The ventilation path 34 extends in the vehicle width direction, and the intake port 35 is provided at the inner end in the vehicle width direction of the stator 30 and the exhaust port 36 is provided at the outer end portion in the vehicle width direction of the stator 30. The exhaust ports 36 are directed outward in the direction perpendicular to the axle axis O and arranged in a row in the circumferential direction. The exhaust port 36 forms a circle slightly smaller than the inner periphery 31 i of the outer rotor type rotor 31. On the other hand, an intake port 37 is provided on the inner wall of the outer rotor type rotor 31 so as to face the exhaust port 36. The rotor 31 is provided with an air passage 34o in a direction perpendicular to the axle shaft O from the air inlet 37. An exhaust port 38 is provided at a location where the ventilation path 34 o intersects the outer wall of the rotor 31.

排気口３８は、アクスル軸Ｏに対し直角方向外側に指向し、かつ、周方向１列に配設する。排気口３８は、ディスクロータ１０の内周円１０ｉよりも僅かに小さい円をなし、排気口３８とディスクロータ１０の吸気口１２を相互に対向するよう配置する。   The exhaust ports 38 are directed outward in the direction perpendicular to the axle shaft O and are arranged in a row in the circumferential direction. The exhaust port 38 forms a circle slightly smaller than the inner circumferential circle 10i of the disk rotor 10, and the exhaust port 38 and the intake port 12 of the disk rotor 10 are disposed so as to face each other.

ところで、上記した本実施例によれば、モータ固定子１４の外周に、モータ８を冷却するためのモータ通風路１６の排気口１８を、周方向に配設し、かつ、排気口１８が車輪１と一体に回転するベンチレーテッド型のディスクロータ１０の内周円１０ｉよりも僅かに小さい円を形成するよう配設する。そして、排気口１８がアクスル軸Ｏに対し、直角方向外方を指向するようにし、内周円１０ｉに設けた吸気口１２と対向させる。
このため、車両走行中は、回転中のディスクロータ１０の遠心作用により、ディスクロータ１０内にアクスル軸Ｏ直角方向に延在するよう設けた通風路１１に、内周円１０ｉから外周円１０ｏへ流れる気流が生じる。そして、この気流がモータ通風路１６の排気口１８から供給されるため、外気が吸気口１７からモータ通風路１６を経て、排気口１８に達し、そこから吸気口１２を経て通風路１１を流れる。
したがって、従来のようにモータ８の冷却のために新たな部品を車体やホイール２に設けることなくモータ８の冷却を実現し、ベンチレーテッドブレーキの構造を利用して簡易な構成によりモータ８を冷却することができて、モータ８の冷却のためにコスト高を招くこともない。 By the way, according to the above-described embodiment, the exhaust port 18 of the motor ventilation path 16 for cooling the motor 8 is disposed on the outer periphery of the motor stator 14 in the circumferential direction, and the exhaust port 18 is a wheel. 1 is arranged so as to form a circle slightly smaller than the inner circumferential circle 10i of the ventilated disk rotor 10 that rotates integrally with the first rotor. The exhaust port 18 is directed outward in the direction perpendicular to the axle shaft O and is opposed to the intake port 12 provided in the inner circumferential circle 10i.
For this reason, during traveling of the vehicle, from the inner circumference circle 10i to the outer circumference circle 10o in the ventilation path 11 provided to extend in the direction perpendicular to the axle axis O in the disc rotor 10 by the centrifugal action of the rotating disc rotor 10. A flowing airflow is generated. And since this airflow is supplied from the exhaust port 18 of the motor ventilation path 16, external air reaches the exhaust port 18 from the intake port 17 through the motor ventilation channel 16, and flows through the ventilation channel 11 from there through the intake port 12. .
Therefore, the cooling of the motor 8 is realized without providing new parts on the vehicle body or the wheel 2 for cooling the motor 8 as in the prior art, and the motor 8 is configured with a simple configuration using the structure of the ventilated brake. The cooling can be performed, and the cost for cooling the motor 8 is not increased.

また、上記した他の実施例では、モータ通風路１６の排気口１８と前記ディスクロータ１０の吸気口１２間に、遮熱性能を有する部材２３を設けたことから、制動中に高温となるディスクロータの熱がモータ８に伝導することを防止できる。   Further, in the other embodiment described above, since the member 23 having a heat shielding performance is provided between the exhaust port 18 of the motor ventilation passage 16 and the intake port 12 of the disk rotor 10, the disk that becomes hot during braking. The heat of the rotor can be prevented from being conducted to the motor 8.

あるいは、遮熱性能を有する部材２３の代わりに熱容量の大きい吸熱部材２３ａを設けることにより、制動中に高温となるディスクロータの熱がモータ８に伝導することを防止できる。   Alternatively, by providing the heat absorbing member 23a having a large heat capacity instead of the member 23 having the heat shielding performance, it is possible to prevent the heat of the disk rotor that becomes high during braking from being conducted to the motor 8.

また、モータ８と車輪１との間に減速機２４を介挿した上記の更に他の実施例においては、通風路１６の下流に、減速機２４内部を通る通風路１６ｇを連通する。そして、通風路１６ｇの排気口１８ｇがアクスル軸Ｏに対し、直角方向外方を指向するようにし、ディスクロータ１０の内周円１０ｉに設けた吸気口１２と対向するようにしたことから、モータ８のみならず、減速機２４も同時に冷却することができる。   Further, in the above-described still another embodiment in which the speed reducer 24 is inserted between the motor 8 and the wheel 1, the air passage 16 g passing through the inside of the speed reducer 24 is communicated downstream of the air passage 16. Since the exhaust port 18g of the ventilation path 16g is directed outward in the direction perpendicular to the axle shaft O and faces the intake port 12 provided in the inner circumference 10i of the disk rotor 10, the motor 8 as well as the speed reducer 24 can be cooled at the same time.

また上記実施例においては、ホイール２のホイールリム３およびホイールディスク４に囲まれたホイール内空領域にインホイールモータ８を配設し、モータ通風路１６の吸気口１７をモータ８の車幅方向内端に設けたり、あるいは吸気口１７ｏがホイールディスク４の孔１７ｈを介して車幅方向外側へ指向するよう設けたりするなど、吸気口１７，１７ｏをこのホイール内空領域の外に設けた。このため、走行中はホイール内空領域にくらべて低温の走行風を吸気口１７，１７ｏから得て、モータ８の冷却効率を高めることができる。   Further, in the above embodiment, the in-wheel motor 8 is disposed in the inner space of the wheel surrounded by the wheel rim 3 and the wheel disk 4 of the wheel 2, and the air inlet 17 of the motor ventilation path 16 is arranged in the vehicle width direction of the motor 8. The intake ports 17 and 17o are provided outside the wheel inner space, such as provided at the inner end, or provided such that the intake port 17o is directed outward in the vehicle width direction through the hole 17h of the wheel disc 4. For this reason, during traveling, it is possible to obtain traveling air at a low temperature from the intake ports 17 and 17o as compared with the air space in the wheel, thereby increasing the cooling efficiency of the motor 8.

また、本実施例では吸気口１７に図示せざる吸気ダクトを取り付けて、ホイールセンターＦと路面２１の間に流れる風速の速い外気を取り入れることにより、効果的にモータ８を冷却することが期待できる。   Further, in this embodiment, an intake duct (not shown) is attached to the intake port 17, and by taking in outside air having a high wind speed flowing between the wheel center F and the road surface 21, it can be expected that the motor 8 is effectively cooled. .

本発明の一実施の形態になるモータの冷却構造を具えたインホイールモータおよび車輪をアクスル軸に沿って示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the in-wheel motor and wheel which provided the cooling structure of the motor which becomes one embodiment of this invention along an axle shaft. 図１に示すインホイールモータ、ディスクロータおよび車輪を、Ａ−Ａ線上で断面とし、矢の方向から見て示す横断面図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the in-wheel motor, the disc rotor, and the wheel shown in FIG. 1 as a cross section on the line AA and viewed from the direction of the arrow. 本発明の他の実施の形態になるモータの冷却構造を具えたインホイールモータおよび車輪をアクスル軸に沿って示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the in-wheel motor and wheel which provided the cooling structure of the motor which becomes other embodiment of this invention along an axle shaft. 図３に示すインホイールモータ、ディスクロータおよび車輪を、Ｂ−Ｂ線上で断面とし、矢の方向から見て示す横断面図である。FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the in-wheel motor, the disc rotor, and the wheel shown in FIG. 3 as a cross-section on the line BB and viewed from the direction of the arrow. 本発明の更に他の実施の形態になるモータの冷却構造を具えたインホイールモータ、減速機および車輪をアクスル軸に沿って示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the in-wheel motor provided with the cooling structure of the motor which becomes further another embodiment of this invention, a reduction gear, and a wheel along an axle shaft. 図５に示すインホイールモータ、減速機、ディスクロータおよび車輪を、Ｃ−Ｃ線上で断面とし、矢の方向から見て示す横断面図である。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the in-wheel motor, the speed reducer, the disk rotor, and the wheel shown in FIG. 5 as a cross section on the line CC and viewed from the direction of the arrow. 本発明の別の実施の形態になるモータの冷却構造を具えたインホイールモータおよび車輪をアクスル軸に沿って示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the in-wheel motor and wheel which provided the cooling structure of the motor which becomes another embodiment of this invention along an axle shaft. 図７に示すインホイールモータ、ディスクロータおよび車輪を、Ｄ−Ｄ線上で断面とし、矢の方向から見て示す横断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the in-wheel motor, the disc rotor, and the wheel shown in FIG. 7 as a cross section on the line DD, as viewed from the direction of the arrow. 走行中の車両周辺を通過する走行風の流れを車両側方から見て示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the flow of the driving | running | working wind which passes the vehicle periphery in driving | running | working seeing from a vehicle side. 本発明の更に別の実施の形態になるモータの冷却構造を具えたインホイールモータおよび車輪をアクスル軸に沿って示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the in-wheel motor and wheel which provided the cooling structure of the motor which becomes another embodiment of this invention along an axle shaft. 図１０に示すインホイールモータおよび車輪を、Ｅ−Ｅ線上で断面とし、矢の方向から見て示す横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view which makes an in-wheel motor and a wheel shown in Drawing 10 a section on an EE line, and sees from the direction of an arrow.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 車輪
２ ホイール
３ ホイールリム
４ ホイールディスク
５ 貫通孔
８ インホイールモータ
９ モータ回転子
１０ ベンチレーテッドディスクブレーキのディスクロータ
１１ ディスクロータ通風路
１２ 吸気口
１４ モータ固定子
１５ コイル巻線
１６ モータ通風路
１６ｇ 減速機通風路
１８ 通風路排気口
１９ 車体
２３ 遮熱部材
２４ 減速機
２９ モータ
３０ 固定子
３１ 回転子
３４ モータ通風路 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel 2 Wheel 3 Wheel rim 4 Wheel disk 5 Through-hole 8 In-wheel motor 9 Motor rotor 10 Ventilated disk brake disk rotor 11 Disk rotor ventilation path 12 Inlet 14 Motor stator 15 Coil winding 16 Motor ventilation path 16 g Reducer ventilation path 18 Ventilation path exhaust 19 Car body 23 Heat shield member 24 Reducer 29 Motor 30 Stator 31 Rotor 34 Motor ventilation path

Claims (6)

ベンチレーテッド型のディスクロータを具える車輪に、各車輪を独立に駆動するモータを備えた車両において、
前記モータに設けられたモータ冷却用通風路の排気口を、前記ベンチレーテッド型ディスクロータに設けられたディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口に対向させたことを特徴とするモータの冷却構造。 In a vehicle equipped with a motor that independently drives each wheel on a wheel having a ventilated type disk rotor,
A motor cooling structure, wherein an exhaust port of a motor cooling air passage provided in the motor is opposed to an air inlet of a disk rotor cooling air passage provided in the ventilated disk rotor. 請求項１に記載のモータの冷却構造において、前記モータ冷却用通風路の排気口と前記ディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口との間に、遮熱性能を有する部材を介挿し、この遮熱部材に、前記モータ冷却用通風路の排気口と前記ディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口と間を相互に通じさせる通孔を設けたことを特徴とするモータの冷却構造。   2. The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein a member having a heat shielding performance is interposed between an exhaust port of the motor cooling air passage and an air inlet of the disk rotor cooling air passage, A cooling structure for a motor, wherein the member is provided with a through hole that allows the exhaust port of the air passage for cooling the motor and the intake port of the air passage for cooling the disk rotor to communicate with each other. 請求項１に記載のモータの冷却構造において、前記モータ冷却用通風路の排気口と前記ディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口との間に、吸熱性能を有する部材を介挿し、この吸熱部材に、前記モータ冷却用通風路の排気口と前記ディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口と間を相互に通じさせる通孔を設けたことを特徴とするモータの冷却構造。   The motor cooling structure according to claim 1, wherein a member having endothermic performance is interposed between an exhaust port of the motor cooling air passage and an air inlet of the disk rotor cooling air passage, and the heat absorbing member is inserted into the heat absorbing member. A cooling structure for a motor, characterized in that a through hole is provided for allowing the exhaust port of the motor cooling air passage to communicate with the intake port of the disk rotor cooling air passage. 車輪と前記モータ間を減速機を介して駆動結合した請求項１乃至３のいずれか１項に記載のモータの冷却構造において、
前記減速機内に通風路を設け、該減速機通風路を介して前記モータ冷却用通風路の排気口と前記ディスクロータ冷却用通風路の吸気口とを相互に対向させたことを特徴とするモータの冷却構造。 The motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wheel and the motor are drive-coupled via a speed reducer.
A motor characterized in that a ventilation path is provided in the speed reducer, and an exhaust port of the motor cooling ventilation path and an intake port of the disk rotor cooling ventilation path are opposed to each other through the reduction gear ventilation path. Cooling structure. 前記車輪の中央部にホイールを設け、該ホイールのホイールリムおよびホイールディスクに囲まれたホイール内空領域に前記モータの冷却用通風路の排気口を配設した請求項１乃至４のいずれか１項に記載のモータの冷却構造において、
前記モータ冷却用通風路の吸気口を、前記ホイール内空領域の外に設けたことを特徴とするモータの冷却構造。 5. A wheel according to claim 1, wherein a wheel is provided in a central portion of the wheel, and an exhaust port of a cooling air passage for the motor is disposed in a space in the wheel surrounded by a wheel rim and a wheel disk of the wheel. In the motor cooling structure described in the paragraph,
A motor cooling structure, wherein an intake port of the air passage for cooling the motor is provided outside the air space in the wheel. 請求項１乃至５のいずれか１項に記載のモータの冷却構造において、
前記モータ冷却用通風路の吸気口を、ホイールセンターより下側に設けたことを特徴とするモータの冷却構造。 The motor cooling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A motor cooling structure, wherein an intake port of the motor cooling air passage is provided below the wheel center.
JP2003401338A 2003-12-01 2003-12-01 Motor cooling structure Expired - Fee Related JP4457652B2 (en)

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US7828095B2 (en) 2006-08-11 2010-11-09 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha In-wheel motor and wheel assembly with this in-wheel motor
JP2008184141A (en) * 2007-01-31 2008-08-14 Toyota Motor Corp In-wheel motor
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JP2021045988A (en) * 2019-09-17 2021-03-25 株式会社日立製作所 Electric device in wheel

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