JP2005147996A

JP2005147996A - Maximum level detector and detection method thereof

Info

Publication number: JP2005147996A
Application number: JP2003389308A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Shigeki Taniguchi; 茂樹谷口
Original assignee: Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Current assignee: Tokyo Metropolitan Government
Priority date: 2003-11-19
Filing date: 2003-11-19
Publication date: 2005-06-09

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a maximum level detector for use in a corrosive or high humidity environment or the like, which is inexpensive and easy to set, and to provide a detection method thereof. <P>SOLUTION: This maximum level detector 10 is set inside a manhole (sewage facility) 15, in an environment apt to generate corrosive or odorous gases or high humidity environment and is composed of a connecting body, comprising a number of cylindrical pits with a liquid inflow port 14a and an air discharge port 14b set in connection with each other. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、腐食性又は多湿環境下等において使用可能な最大水位検出装置及びその検出方法に関し、殊に、降雨量に対する下水道施設内の人孔等内の最大水位を検出することができ、所定地域の下水道管渠に設けられた人孔等の下水道施設内の最大水位を検出して所定地域の浸水の危険性を監視するための最大水位検出装置及びその検出方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a maximum water level detection device and a detection method thereof that can be used in a corrosive or humid environment, and in particular, can detect a maximum water level in a human hole or the like in a sewer facility with respect to rainfall, The present invention relates to a maximum water level detection device for detecting the maximum water level in a sewer facility such as a human hole provided in a sewer pipe in a region and monitoring the risk of inundation in a predetermined region, and a detection method thereof.

周知のように、水位を検出する装置には、フロート式センサ、超音波式センサ、電磁式センサ、電気式（光ファイバー式）センサ等がある。例えば、フロート式センサでは、フロート１がガイドワイヤ２の一端に吊設され、ガイドワイヤ２をプーリ３に掛け渡してその他端に重り４が接続され、水位の変動に応じてフロート１が上下に移動して、プーリ３の回転を計測表示手段５に伝達して水位を検出するようになされている。計測表示手段５は、プーリ３の回転を電気信号に変換して伝送する手段である。最大水位は記録データを監視することにより可能である。他の水位センサにおいても最終的には水位を電気信号に変換して伝送する手段が採られている。 As is well known, apparatuses for detecting the water level include a float sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an electromagnetic sensor, and an electric (optical fiber) sensor. For example, in the float type sensor, the float 1 is suspended from one end of the guide wire 2, the guide wire 2 is stretched over the pulley 3, the weight 4 is connected to the other end, and the float 1 moves up and down according to fluctuations in the water level. The water level is detected by moving the rotation of the pulley 3 to the measurement display means 5. The measurement display means 5 is means for converting the rotation of the pulley 3 into an electrical signal and transmitting it. Maximum water level is possible by monitoring recorded data. In other water level sensors, finally, means for converting the water level into an electrical signal and transmitting it is adopted.

特開２００２−３７２４４９号公報（明細書段落〔００２４〕，図面の図５）JP 2002-372449 A (paragraph [0024] of the specification, FIG. 5 of the drawings)

しかしながら、上記従来例のように、水位を電気信号で伝送する装置では、水位検出装置の電気系統を水位検出対象物に設定しなければならない。例えば、下水道施設の人孔（マンホール）内に設置する場合を想定すると、人孔内の環境は極めて劣悪、例えば多湿であったり、悪臭や臭気性ガスが発生する環境下であり、このような環境下で電気設備を安全に保守管理して運用するのは多大な経費を要する欠点があり、また短期間設置して最大水位を調査するような目的の場合には各人孔に電源を敷設して装置の防水対策を必要とし、簡単に設置することができない欠点があった。従って、安価であり手軽に設置できる水位検出装置が望まれていた。 However, in an apparatus that transmits a water level with an electrical signal as in the above-described conventional example, the electrical system of the water level detection apparatus must be set as a water level detection target. For example, assuming the installation in a manhole in a sewerage facility, the environment in the manhole is extremely poor, for example, in a humid environment, where odors and odorous gases are generated. There are disadvantages to the safe maintenance and operation of electrical equipment in the environment, and there is a disadvantage that requires a large amount of money. In addition, for the purpose of investigating the maximum water level for a short period of time, a power supply is installed in each person's hole. Therefore, there is a drawback that the device needs to be waterproofed and cannot be easily installed. Therefore, an inexpensive and easy-to-install water level detection device has been desired.

本発明は、上述の課題に鑑みなされたものであって、腐食性又は多湿環境下等に使用され、安価で手軽に設置できる最大水位検出装置及びその検出方法を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a maximum water level detection device that can be used in a corrosive or humid environment and that can be easily installed at low cost and a detection method thereof. It is.

本発明は、上記課題を達成するためになされ、請求項１の発明は、腐食性又は臭気性ガスが発生し易いか又は多湿環境下の人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置され、液流入孔を設けた筒状桝を多数連設した連接体からなることを特徴とする最大水位検出装置である。 The present invention has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, and the invention according to claim 1 is installed in a sewerage facility such as a human hole in a humid environment where corrosive or odorous gas is likely to be generated. A maximum water level detecting device comprising a connecting body in which a large number of cylindrical rods provided with holes are continuously provided.

また、請求項２の発明は、前記筒状桝に前記液流入孔及び空気排出孔が少なくとも各一箇所設けられ、かつそれぞれの該孔が該筒状桝底部からの高さが異なるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の最大水位検出装置である。 The invention of claim 2 is arranged such that at least one of the liquid inflow hole and the air discharge hole is provided in the cylindrical bowl, and each of the holes has a different height from the bottom of the cylindrical bowl. The maximum water level detection device according to claim 1, wherein the maximum water level detection device is provided.

また、請求項３の発明は、液流入孔を設けた筒状桝を多数連設した連接体を腐食性又は臭気性ガスが発生し易いか又は多湿環境下の人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置して、該連接体の最上位の筒状桝に溜まる汚水や雨水等によって、該下水道施設に流入した最大水位を計測することを特徴とする最大水位検出方法である。 In the invention of claim 3, the connecting body in which a large number of cylindrical troughs provided with liquid inflow holes are connected to the interior of a sewerage facility such as a human hole in a humid environment where corrosive or odorous gas is likely to be generated. The maximum water level detection method is characterized in that the maximum water level flowing into the sewer facility is measured by sewage, rainwater, or the like accumulated in the uppermost cylindrical gutter of the connecting body.

また、請求項４の発明は、請求項１又は２に記載の前記最大水位検出装置を、下水道管渠に連続的に設置されている人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置して、前記下水道施設のそれぞれの最大水位検出装置の最大水位を計測し、降雨量に対する前記下水道管渠が敷設された地域内の最大水位を計測することを特徴とする最大水位検出方法である。 The invention of claim 4 is the sewer system in which the maximum water level detection device according to claim 1 or 2 is installed in a sewer facility such as a human hole continuously installed in a sewer pipe. It is a maximum water level detection method characterized by measuring the maximum water level of each maximum water level detection device of a facility and measuring the maximum water level in an area where the sewer pipe is laid for the amount of rainfall.

請求項１の発明によれば、腐食性又は臭気性ガスが発生し易いか又は多湿環境下の人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置され、液流入孔を設けた筒状桝を多数連設した連接体からなることを特徴とする最大水位検出装置であるので、水位測定対象物に容易に設置できるとともに、例えば合成樹脂等の有底状の筒状桝を連設した連接体であり、各筒状桝に液流入孔が設けられており、水位が上昇すれば、この連接体が水没して液流入孔から水が流入する。たとえ、水位が低下したとしてもて筒状桝内には水が残留し、この残留した筒状桝によって、最大水位を計測することができる。筒状桝による連接体は合成樹脂等で形成されており、多湿、腐食性ガスが発生する悪環境下であっても腐食することがないし、しかも安価であるので、下水道施設の人孔等に安価に設置することができるし、装置の装着・撤去が容易である利点がある。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, a large number of cylindrical troughs that are installed in a sewerage facility such as a manhole in a humid environment where corrosive or odorous gas is likely to be generated are provided. Since it is a maximum water level detection device characterized by comprising a connected body, it can be easily installed on a water level measurement object, and is a connected body in which, for example, a bottomed cylindrical rod such as a synthetic resin is connected, Each cylindrical trough is provided with a liquid inflow hole. If the water level rises, this connecting body is submerged and water flows in from the liquid inflow hole. Even if the water level is lowered, water remains in the cylindrical tub, and the maximum water level can be measured by the remaining cylindrical tub. The connecting body made of cylindrical dredging is made of synthetic resin, etc., and will not corrode even in adverse environments where humid and corrosive gases are generated. There are advantages that it can be installed at low cost and that the device can be easily mounted and removed.

また、請求項２の発明によれば、前記筒状桝には、前記液流入孔及び空気排出孔が少なくとも各一箇所設けられ、かつそれぞれの該孔が該筒状桝底部からの高さが異なるように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の最大水位検出装置であるので、連接体が水没した際に、筒状桝内に確実に水が流入して最大水位を容易に検出することができる利点がある。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one of the liquid inflow hole and the air discharge hole is provided in the cylindrical bowl, and each of the holes has a height from the bottom of the cylindrical bowl. 2. The maximum water level detection device according to claim 1, wherein the maximum water level detection device according to claim 1, wherein when the connecting body is submerged, water surely flows into the cylindrical trough so that the maximum water level is easily achieved. There are advantages that can be detected.

また、請求項３の発明によれば、液流入孔を設けた筒状桝を多数連設した連接体を腐食性又は臭気性ガスが発生し易いか又は多湿環境下の人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置して、該連接体の最上位の筒状桝に溜まる汚水や雨水等によって、該下水道施設に流入した最大水位を計測することを特徴とする最大水位検出方法であるので、腐食性又は臭気性ガスに腐食することなく、筒状桝を連設した連接体を人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置することができ、汚水や雨水が溜まった最上位の筒状桝によって、最高水位を簡便に計測することができる利点がある。 Further, according to the invention of claim 3, sewerage facilities such as a human hole or the like in which a corrosive or odorous gas is likely to be generated in a connecting body in which a large number of cylindrical troughs provided with liquid inflow holes are continuously provided. Since the maximum water level detection method is characterized by measuring the maximum water level flowing into the sewer facility by sewage or rainwater collected in the uppermost cylindrical gutter of the connecting body. Without being corroded by odorous or odorous gas, it is possible to install a connecting body with a cylindrical tub continuously inside a sewerage facility such as a manhole, and the uppermost cylindrical tub with accumulated sewage and rainwater. There is an advantage that the maximum water level can be easily measured.

また、請求項４の発明によれば、請求項１又は２に記載の前記最大水位検出装置を、下水道管渠に連続的に設置されている人孔等の下水道施設の内部に設置して、該下水道施設のそれぞれの最大水位検出装置の最大水位を計測し、降雨量に対する前記下水道管渠が付設された地域内の最大水位を計測することを特徴とする最大水位検出方法であるので、同一水系の下水道管渠に設けられている人孔等の下水道施設に最大水位検出装置を設置して各下水道施設の水位を計測することによって、降雨量に対するその地域の面的水位、即ち最大水位の分布の測定が可能であり、浸水の危険性を容易に察知することができる。それによって、浸水の危険性を予測して浸水危険地域の雨水の排水対策を効果的なものとし得る利点がある。 According to the invention of claim 4, the maximum water level detection device according to claim 1 or 2 is installed in a sewer facility such as a human hole continuously installed in a sewer pipe, Since it is the maximum water level detection method characterized by measuring the maximum water level of each maximum water level detection device of the sewer facility, and measuring the maximum water level in the area where the sewer pipe is attached to the rainfall, the same By installing the maximum water level detection device in the sewerage facilities such as manholes installed in the sewer pipes of the water system and measuring the water level of each sewerage facility, the surface water level of the area relative to the rainfall, that is, the maximum water level The distribution can be measured, and the danger of flooding can be easily detected. Accordingly, there is an advantage that the risk of inundation can be predicted and the drainage countermeasures for rainwater in the inundation risk area can be made effective.

以下、本発明に係る最大水位検出装置及びその最大水位検出方法の一実施形態について図面を参照して説明する。本発明の最大水位検出装置は、腐食性又は臭気性ガスが発生し易いか又は多湿環境下の人孔等の下水道施設に使用されるものである。なお、図１（ａ）は本発明の一実施形態を示す斜視図であり、図１（ｂ）はその要部側面図である。図２（ａ）は最大水位検出装置を設置した人孔を示す図であり、図２（ｂ）は本装置の装着状態を示す上面図である。図３は下水道管渠に設けられた人孔に最大水位検出装置を設置して所定地域の浸水の危険性を事前に調査する最大水位測定方法を説明するための説明図である。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a maximum water level detection apparatus and a maximum water level detection method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The maximum water level detection apparatus of the present invention is used in sewer facilities such as human holes in which a corrosive or odorous gas is easily generated or in a humid environment. 1A is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a side view of an essential part thereof. FIG. 2A is a view showing a human hole in which the maximum water level detection device is installed, and FIG. 2B is a top view showing a mounted state of the device. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a maximum water level measurement method in which a maximum water level detection device is installed in a human hole provided in a sewer pipe and a risk of inundation in a predetermined area is investigated in advance.

本実施形態の最大水位検出装置は、図１に示したように、液流入孔１４ａ及び空気排出孔１４ｂが設けられた筒状桝１２を多数連設した連接体からなる。筒状桝１２は底部１２ｃが有し、筒状桝１２の上端部１２ａと下端部１２ｂにはネジ部１３ａ，１３ｂがそれぞれ形成され、筒状桝１２の下端部のネジ部１３ｂと他の筒状桝１２の上端部のネジ部１３ａを螺合して多数の筒状桝１２が連設され、最大水位検出装置１０が形成されている。筒状桝１２には液（汚水，雨水等）が流入する液流入孔１４ａ及び空気排出孔１４ｂが設けられている。液流入孔１４ａ及び空気排出孔１４ｂは筒状桝１２の上部に形成され、しかも空気排出孔１４ｂは液流入孔１４ａより高い位置に設けられている。なお、本実施形態では液流入孔１４ａ及び空気排出孔１４ｂが各一箇所設けられているが、空気排出孔１４ｂは二箇所であってもよい。 As shown in FIG. 1, the maximum water level detection device of the present embodiment is composed of a connecting body in which a large number of cylindrical scissors 12 provided with a liquid inflow hole 14a and an air discharge hole 14b are connected. The cylindrical rod 12 has a bottom portion 12c. Screw portions 13a and 13b are formed on the upper end portion 12a and the lower end portion 12b of the cylindrical rod 12, respectively. The screw portion 13b at the lower end portion of the cylindrical rod 12 and other cylinders are formed. A large number of cylindrical rods 12 are connected by screwing the threaded portion 13 a at the upper end of the rod 12 to form the maximum water level detecting device 10. The cylindrical trough 12 is provided with a liquid inflow hole 14a through which liquid (sewage, rainwater, etc.) flows and an air discharge hole 14b. The liquid inflow hole 14a and the air exhaust hole 14b are formed in the upper part of the cylindrical basket 12, and the air exhaust hole 14b is provided at a position higher than the liquid inflow hole 14a. In the present embodiment, the liquid inflow hole 14a and the air discharge hole 14b are provided in one place, but the air discharge hole 14b may be provided in two places.

筒状桝１２は、その上端から下端までの寸法が概ね３〜５ｃｍであり、一桝を目盛りとして利用できる。また、その寸法が３ｃｍ以下であると、液流入孔１４ａ及び空気排出孔１４ｂの最大直径が２ｃｍ程度であるとすると、筒状桝１２に水が溜まる深さを確保するのに十分ではないし、５ｃｍ以上とすると、最大水位の誤差が大きくなり好ましくない。また、筒状桝１２の材質は透明な合成樹脂が好ましく、設置場所の環境に応じて適宜な材質を選択することができる。なお、連接体を形成する筒状桝１２の外側壁に最下部の筒状桝１２から順番に数字を付与して、最高水位の読み取れり容易にするようにしてもよい。また、本実施形態において、筒状桝１２を連設する際に、互い筒状桝１２のネジ部１３ａとネジ部１３ｂとを接着剤にて固着した連接体としてもよい。また、本実施形態では、両端部に設けたネジ部１３ａ，１３ｂを設けた有底状の筒状桝１２により連接体を形成しているが、長尺の筒に仕切を等間隔に設けた筒状桝を形成したものであってもよい。 The cylindrical ridge 12 has a dimension from the upper end to the lower end of approximately 3 to 5 cm, and can be used as a scale. Further, if the dimension is 3 cm or less, and the maximum diameter of the liquid inflow hole 14a and the air discharge hole 14b is about 2 cm, it is not sufficient to secure a depth in which water is accumulated in the cylindrical trough 12, If it is 5 cm or more, the error of the maximum water level becomes large, which is not preferable. The material of the cylindrical basket 12 is preferably a transparent synthetic resin, and an appropriate material can be selected according to the environment of the installation location. It should be noted that numbers may be given to the outer wall of the cylindrical rod 12 forming the connecting body in order from the lowermost cylindrical rod 12 so that the highest water level can be easily read. Further, in the present embodiment, when connecting the cylindrical rods 12, a connecting body in which the screw portion 13 a and the screw portion 13 b of the cylindrical rod 12 are fixed with an adhesive may be used. Further, in this embodiment, the connecting body is formed by the bottomed cylindrical rod 12 provided with the screw portions 13a and 13b provided at both ends, but the partition is provided at an equal interval in the long cylinder. It may be formed with a cylindrical ridge.

次に、図２（ａ），（ｂ）を参照して、本実施形態の最大水位検出装置１０について説明する。最大水位検出装置１０は、人孔（下水道施設）１５内に設置されて最大水位Ｈａを測定するのに使用される。最大水位検出装置１０は、人孔１５の壁面１５ａに設けられた取付具１６に、筒状桝１２の底を下側にして取付具１６により所定の高さに装着される。最大水位検出装置１０の各筒状桝１２の人孔１５の底部からの高さ、又地表面１１からの位置を既知である。また、人孔５はその地表面１１から人孔５の底部までの深さＨは既知であり、最大水位検出装置１０の水が残留する最上位の筒状桝１２から最大水位Ｈａを容易に知ることができるし、地表面１１から水面までの距離Ｈｂを知る手段として利用することができる。なお、最大水位検出装置１０は、通常人孔１５内に垂直に設置されるが、人孔１５の傾斜壁面に最大水位検出装置１０を取り付けてもよい。その場合、最大水位検出装置１０の傾斜角と水が溜まった最上位の筒状桝１２の位置に基づいて、最高水位を算出すればよい。 Next, the maximum water level detection apparatus 10 of this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 2 (a), (b). The maximum water level detection device 10 is installed in a manhole (sewage facility) 15 and is used to measure the maximum water level Ha. The maximum water level detection device 10 is mounted on a fixture 16 provided on the wall surface 15 a of the human hole 15 at a predetermined height by the fixture 16 with the bottom of the cylindrical rod 12 facing down. The height from the bottom of the human hole 15 of each cylindrical rod 12 of the maximum water level detection device 10 and the position from the ground surface 11 are known. Further, the depth H of the human hole 5 from the ground surface 11 to the bottom of the human hole 5 is known, and the maximum water level Ha can be easily obtained from the uppermost cylindrical trough 12 where water of the maximum water level detection device 10 remains. It can be used as a means for knowing the distance Hb from the ground surface 11 to the water surface. The maximum water level detection device 10 is normally installed vertically in the human hole 15, but the maximum water level detection device 10 may be attached to the inclined wall surface of the human hole 15. In that case, the maximum water level may be calculated based on the inclination angle of the maximum water level detection device 10 and the position of the uppermost cylindrical rod 12 where water has accumulated.

本実施形態の最大水位検出装置１０は、単位時間当たり降雨量が排水量より増大して人孔１５内の水位が上昇すると、最大水位検出装置１０の下方の筒状桝１２から水没して、筒状桝１２に設けた液流入孔１４ａ及び空気排出孔１４ｂから雨水，汚水，汚濁水等が流入する。降雨量が少なくなり、人孔１５内に流入する水量に対して排水量が増大すると、人孔１５内の水位が低下する。水没した筒状桝１２には水が残留する。最大水位は、水が残留した最上位の筒状桝１２の位置から計測することができる。 The maximum water level detection device 10 of the present embodiment is submerged from the cylindrical trough 12 below the maximum water level detection device 10 when the rainfall per unit time increases from the amount of drainage and the water level in the human hole 15 rises. Rainwater, sewage, polluted water, etc. flows from the liquid inflow hole 14a and the air discharge hole 14b provided in the ridge 12. When the amount of rainfall decreases and the amount of drainage increases relative to the amount of water flowing into the human hole 15, the water level in the human hole 15 decreases. Water remains in the submerged cylindrical basket 12. The maximum water level can be measured from the position of the uppermost cylindrical tub 12 where water remains.

なお、図１に示したように、筒状桝１２には高さの異なる位置に液流入孔１４ａと空気排出孔１４ｂとが設けられており、液流入孔１４ａは、例えば筒状桝１２の高さをｈとすれば、ｈ／２より高い位置に設けられ、空気排出孔１４ｂはｈ／２より高い位置に設けられている。雨水等が液流入孔１４ａから筒状桝１２内の流入し、空気排出孔１４ｂから空気が排出されて、雨水等が筒状桝１２内の流入し易い位置となっている。また、液流入孔１４ａの直径Ｄは空気排出孔１４ｂの直径より小さなものとして複数設けるとよい。 As shown in FIG. 1, the cylindrical rod 12 is provided with a liquid inflow hole 14 a and an air discharge hole 14 b at different heights. If the height is h, it is provided at a position higher than h / 2, and the air discharge hole 14b is provided at a position higher than h / 2. Rainwater or the like flows into the cylindrical tub 12 from the liquid inflow hole 14a, and air is discharged from the air discharge hole 14b, so that rainwater or the like easily flows into the cylindrical tub 12. A plurality of diameters D of the liquid inflow holes 14a may be provided so as to be smaller than the diameter of the air discharge holes 14b.

次に、図３を参照して説明する。下水処理施設の処理能力は概ね一定であり、降雨量が急激に増大すると、十分に排水できなくなり、逆流して人孔から雨水・汚水等が湧き出し浸水する危険性が増す。所定地域の浸水の危険性を監視する場合について説明すると、下水道管渠１７には人孔１５_１，１５_２，１５_３が複数設けられており、これら人孔１５（１５_１，１５_２，１５_３）には最大水位検出装置１０（１０_１，１０_２，１０_３）が設置されている。勾配を有する下水道管渠１７に雨水や汚水が矢印方向に流れているものとし、単位時間当たりの排水量（河川等への放流量）が降雨量の増大に対して間に合わず、ポンプ所及び下水処理場、或いは河川放流口の上流側の人孔１５_１内の水位が上昇して路面１１に雨水或いは汚水Ｗが溢れ出るおそれがある。 Next, a description will be given with reference to FIG. The treatment capacity of the sewage treatment facility is generally constant, and if the rainfall increases rapidly, it will not be able to drain sufficiently and the risk of rainwater, sewage, etc. springing out from the manhole and flooding will increase. In the case of monitoring the risk of inundation in a predetermined area, the sewer pipe 17 is provided with a plurality of human holes 15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , 15 ₃ , and these human holes 15 (15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , 15 ₃ ) is equipped with a maximum water level detector 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ , 10 ₃ ). It is assumed that rainwater and sewage are flowing in the direction of the arrow in the sewer pipe 17 having a slope, and the amount of drainage per unit time (discharge flow to the river etc.) is not in time for the increase in rainfall. If, or the water level upstream of the manhole 15 ₁ river discharge port is likely to overflow rainwater or sewage W is on the road surface 11 to rise.

最大水位検出装置１０は、人孔１５からの汚水・雨水の逆流による浸水の危険性を事前に察知したり、監視することができる。即ち、洪水の所定地域の雨水が流れ込む下水道管渠１７の人孔１５に設置した最大水位検出装置１０により最大水位を監視することによって、下水道管渠１７の排水区域の最大水位の分布が分かり、浸水の危険性を知ることができる。例えば、降雨量に対して、人孔１５_３，１５_２の最大水位Ｈａを直線で結ぶことにより動水勾配ＷＳ１を知ることができ、この動水勾配ＷＳ１によれば、人孔１５_１では人孔開口部から雨水或いは汚水が路面１１に溢れ出る危険性があることを察知することができる。即ち、下水道管渠１７を共通とする人孔１５_１が設置された地域が浸水する危険性があることを示している。図３において、動水勾配ＷＳ２は人孔１５_１の開口部を超えており、雨水或いは汚水Ｗが路面に流れ出ていることを示している。従って、降雨量に対する動水勾配を監視することによって、降雨量に対する逆流による浸水の危険性を知ることができる。また、このような結果に基づいて、危険性を回避するために下水道管渠１７を分岐するなど、動水勾配の傾斜が急峻にならないような対策を施すことができる。 The maximum water level detection device 10 can detect or monitor in advance the risk of inundation due to the backflow of sewage and rainwater from the human hole 15. That is, by monitoring the maximum water level with the maximum water level detection device 10 installed in the manhole 15 of the sewer pipe 17 where rainwater in a predetermined area of the flood flows, the distribution of the maximum water level in the drainage area of the sewer pipe 17 can be understood. Know the danger of flooding. For example, with respect to rainfall, by connecting the maximum water level Ha of manhole ₁₅ 3, 15 ₂ a straight line can be known hydraulic gradient WS1, according to the hydraulic gradient WS1, the manhole 15 ₁ human It can be detected that there is a risk that rainwater or dirty water will overflow the road surface 11 from the hole opening. That indicates that there is a risk that regions manhole 15 _1, common sewer sewer 17 is installed is submerged. 3, hydraulic gradient WS2 is beyond the opening of the manhole 15 ₁ indicates that rainwater or sewage W is flowed to the road surface. Therefore, it is possible to know the danger of inundation due to the backflow with respect to the rainfall by monitoring the dynamic water gradient with respect to the rainfall. In addition, based on such a result, it is possible to take measures to prevent the gradient of the dynamic water gradient from becoming steep, such as branching the sewer pipe 17 to avoid danger.

本発明の最大水位検出装置は、面的最大水位分布が計測できるので、雨水流出解析におけるキャリブレーションデータとして活用できる。 Since the maximum water level detection apparatus of the present invention can measure the surface maximum water level distribution, it can be used as calibration data in rainwater runoff analysis.

本発明では、腐食性又は多湿環境下等における貯留槽等の最大水位を検出することができるし、電気的計測によらないので可燃性ガスが発生する環境下にも利用できる。 In the present invention, the maximum water level of a storage tank or the like in a corrosive or humid environment can be detected, and since it is not based on electrical measurement, it can be used in an environment where flammable gas is generated.

（ａ）は本発明の一実施形態を示す斜視図であり、（ｂ）はその要部側面図である。(A) is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the principal part side view. （ａ）は最大水位検出装置を設置した人孔を示す図であり、（ｂ）は本装置の装着状態を示す上面図である。(A) is a figure which shows the human hole which installed the maximum water level detection apparatus, (b) is a top view which shows the mounting state of this apparatus. 下水道管渠に設けられた人孔に最大水位検出装置を設置して所定地域の浸水の危険性を事前に調査する最大水位測定方法を説明するための説明図である。It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the maximum water level measurement method which installs the maximum water level detection apparatus in the manhole provided in the sewer pipe, and investigates the risk of inundation of a predetermined area in advance. 従来の水位計を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows the conventional water level meter.

Explanation of symbols

１０（１０_１，１０_２，１０_３）最大水位検出装置
１１地表面（路面）
１２筒状桝
１２ａ上端部
１２ｂ下端部
１３ａ，１３ｂネジ部
１４ａ液流入孔
１４ｂ空気排出孔
１５（１５_１，１５_２，１５_３）人孔（下水道施設）
１５ａ壁面
１６取付具
１７下水道管渠 10 (10 ₁ , 10 ₂ , 10 ₃ ) Maximum water level detection device 11 Ground surface (road surface)
12 cylindrical trough 12a upper end part 12b lower end part 13a, 13b screw part 14a liquid inflow hole 14b air discharge hole 15 (15 ₁ , 15 ₂ , 15 ₃ ) human hole (sewerage facility)
15a Wall 16 Mounting fixture 17 Sewer pipe

Claims

It is easily connected to corrosive or odorous gas, or is installed inside a sewerage facility such as a human hole in a humid environment, and is composed of a connecting body in which a large number of cylindrical troughs with liquid inflow holes are connected. Maximum water level detection device.

The cylindrical saddle is provided with at least one liquid inflow hole and an air exhaust hole, and each of the holes is arranged so that the height from the bottom of the cylindrical saddle is different. The maximum water level detection device according to claim 1.

Install a connecting body with a large number of cylindrical troughs with liquid inflow holes inside a sewerage facility where corrosive or odorous gas is likely to be generated or in a humid environment. A maximum water level detection method, comprising: measuring a maximum water level flowing into the sewer facility by sewage, rainwater, or the like accumulated in the uppermost tubular culvert.

The maximum water level detection device according to claim 1 or 2 is installed in a sewer facility such as a human hole continuously installed in a sewer pipe, and each maximum water level detection device of the sewer facility is installed. A maximum water level detection method, comprising: measuring a maximum water level and measuring a maximum water level in an area where the sewer pipe is laid for a rainfall amount.