JP2005146738A - Operating device for construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily perform down-shift and up-shift of a shifting gear while operating an operation lever to improve operation property. <P>SOLUTION: An operation lever 19 for boom and an operation lever 20 for bucket for operating a work device 8 are provided in a lever mounting part 17C of a console 17. A down-shift switch 21 is provided on a front side of the operation levers 19, 20, and an up-shift switch 22 is provided on a side of the operation lever 20. Consequently, the switch 21 can be easily operated by the hand inclining and operating the operation levers 19, 20 onto a front side to increase driving force of a vehicle using a low speed gear while, for example, holding the work device 8 in operation. The switch 22 can be easily operated by the hand inclining and operating the operation levers 19, 20 onto a rear side to run the vehicle using a high speed gear while holding the work device 8 in operation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine driving operation apparatus that is provided in a construction machine such as a wheel loader, a hydraulic excavator, and the like, and is preferably used for driving a vehicle body or a work device.

  In general, construction machines include, for example, a wheel loader, a hydraulic excavator, etc., and these construction machines are provided with a driving operation device for operating, stopping, and steering a vehicle body and operating a working device by an operator. ing.

  As a construction machine according to this type of technology, a wheel loader will be described as an example. The wheel loader is provided with a self-propelled vehicle body and a front side of the vehicle body that can be lifted and lowered. Is substantially constituted by a work device to which is attached (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 5-26582

  The vehicle body is provided with a driver's seat on which the operator is seated, a steering wheel that is positioned on the front side of the driver's seat, and the operator steers the vehicle body, and pedal devices such as an accelerator pedal and a brake pedal that the operator steps on. It has been. Further, a shift lever that shifts up and down the shift gear when the vehicle body travels is provided in the vicinity of the steering wheel, and this shift lever extends, for example, to the left side of the operator.

  Further, on the right side of the driver's seat, a work operation lever for operating a boom, a bucket, and the like of the work device is provided. In this case, the operation lever includes a boom operation lever that moves the boom up and down, and a bucket operation lever that rotates the bucket on the tip end side of the boom. It is attached to the upper surface of a console provided on the right side of the driver's seat.

  Here, when using a wheel loader at a work site or the like, for example, a pile such as earth and sand piled up on the ground may be scooped up and loaded onto a truck bed. In such loading work, for example, the operator uses the left hand to push the steering wheel. In many cases, the operating device is operated by operating the boom operation lever and the bucket operation lever with the right hand while operating.

  Also, during this work, a sufficient amount of earth and sand can be obtained by first driving the vehicle body with the transmission gear shifted down to a low-speed gear such as 1st speed, and applying a large rushing force to the loader bucket that thrusts into the pile of earth and sand. Scoop up. Thereafter, there is a demand for smoothly transporting the scooped earth and sand by shifting up the transmission gear to a high-speed gear of 2 or more and running the vehicle body at a relatively high speed. In this case, since the operator operates the steering wheel with the left hand, it is difficult to perform these speed change operations with the speed change lever located at the left hand side.

  For this reason, in the prior art, for example, a shift switch is provided on the grip of one of the boom operation lever and the bucket operation lever. Thereby, at the time of the loading operation mentioned above, even if the operator operates the steering wheel with the left hand and operates the operation lever with the right hand, the shift operation can be executed by operating the shift switch with the fingertip of the right hand. I am doing so.

  By the way, in the prior art described above, for example, a shift switch is provided on the grip of one of the boom operation lever and the bucket operation lever. However, in this case, for example, when the operator is holding the other operation lever, if the transmission gear is to be switched, the speed change operation is performed unless the hand is released and the lever is changed. I can't.

  For this reason, in the prior art, when the operator performs a shift operation, the operation of the boom or bucket is interrupted by changing the operation lever, or the shift gear cannot be switched at a desired timing by giving priority to these operations. In some cases, the operability of the operator deteriorates and the work efficiency decreases.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to smoothly perform a speed change operation together with these operations even when operating a work device while steering a vehicle, for example. Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an operation device for a construction machine that can maintain good operability for an operator and improve work efficiency.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a driver's seat provided on a vehicle body of a construction machine, a steering device that is disposed on the front side of the driver's seat and that is seated on the driver's seat, and steers the vehicle body, A shift lever that is arranged in the vicinity of the steering device and that shifts up and down the transmission gear when the vehicle body travels; a console that is disposed on the side of the driver seat; The present invention is applied to an operation operating device for a construction machine, which is provided with a work operating lever that is provided so as to be operable in the rearward direction and operates a working device provided on the vehicle body.

  The feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that the top surface of the console has two types of shift down switches for shifting down the transmission gears and shifting up switches for shifting up the transmission gears. The configuration is such that a switch is provided.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the console is provided with a wrist rest that is located on the side of the driver's seat and on which the operator puts the wrist, and a lever operating lever that is disposed on the front side of the wrist rest. The shift down switch and the shift up switch are arranged in the lever mounting portion.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the lever mounting portion is formed as an inclined surface portion that is inclined downward while extending forward from the position of the wrist rest.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the work device is configured to move downward when the work operation lever is operated to the front side and to move upward when the work operation lever is operated to the rear side. The switch is disposed on the front side of the work operation lever, and the shift up switch is disposed on the side of the work operation lever.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a downshift switch is disposed in front of the work operation lever, and another downshift switch and upshift switch are integrated on the side of the work operation lever. And a changeover switch that is formed to be switched between a shift-down position and a shift-up position.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the downshift switch and the upshift switch are integrally formed as a changeover switch that can be switched between the downshift position and the upshift position. It is set as the structure arrange | positioned in.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 7, the work operation lever is composed of two operation levers arranged side by side in the left and right directions to operate a plurality of actuators constituting the work device, and the two shift down switches are provided. The shift up switch is arranged on the side of one of the operation levers.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since two types of switches including a shift down switch and a shift up switch are provided on the upper surface portion of the console, the operator of the construction machine can operate the steering device with one hand, for example. Even when the operating lever is operated with the other hand, the downshift switch and the upshift switch can be easily operated with the fingertips of the hand holding the operating lever. As a result, even if the operator steers the vehicle and both hands are closed by using the work device, the operator only needs to extend the fingertips of the hand on the console while performing these operations. It can be done smoothly.

  As a result, for example, even when a plurality of operation levers are operated together, it is not necessary to carry out a shifting operation by holding the operating lever as in the prior art, and the timing of the shifting operation according to the operating state of the lever. Can be prevented from being restricted. Therefore, the operability of the operator can be maintained well, and the work using the work device can be performed efficiently.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the console is provided with a lever mounting portion located on the front side of the wrist rest, and the lever mounting portion together with the operation lever is provided with a shift down switch and a shift up switch. The operator can place the wrist on the wrist rest and fix it stably, and in this state, the operator can operate the operation lever located on the front side of the wrist rest in a comfortable posture. it can. Thereby, for example, even when the operation lever is operated for a long time, it is possible to suppress operator fatigue and the like.

  According to the invention of claim 3, since the lever mounting portion is configured as an inclined surface portion that is inclined downward while extending forward from the position of the wrist rest, when the operator places the wrist on the wrist rest, Devices such as an operation lever, a downshift switch, and an upshift switch are arranged on the obliquely lower front side. Therefore, the operator can smoothly operate these devices with the wrist extended to a natural angle, and the operability can be improved.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the work device is configured to move upward and downward when the work operation lever is operated to the front side and the rear side, and the shift down switch is arranged on the front side of the work operation lever. The shift up switch is arranged on the side of the operation lever. In this case, for example, when the working device is rocked downward or dumped, the operator's hand moves to the front side together with the operation lever, so the fingertip of the hand is naturally extended toward the front side at this position. Thus, the shift down switch can be easily operated.

  Thus, for example, when the working device is lowered near the ground and brought into contact with an object such as earth and sand, the transmission gear can be switched to the low speed side to increase the driving force of the vehicle. For this reason, the working device can be brought into contact with the object with a large force or can be raised, and the working efficiency can be improved.

  In addition, when the work device is lifted upward or clouded, the operator's hand is in the middle position (neutral position) in the front and rear direction together with the work operation lever, or moves to the rear side Therefore, the shift up switch can be easily operated by naturally extending the thumb or the like toward the side at this position.

  As a result, for example, when the work device scooping up the earth and sand is moved upward, the transmission gear can be switched to the high speed side so that the vehicle can be driven at a relatively high speed, and the vehicle can be smoothly moved toward the place where the earth and sand are lowered. Can be moved to.

  According to the invention of claim 5, the downshift switch is disposed on the front side of the work operation lever, and the other downshift switch and the upshift switch are integrated on the side of the work operation lever. Since the switch is provided, the operator can simply switch the thumb etc. to the side, regardless of whether the operating lever is in the front position, neutral position, or rear position. The switch can be easily operated.

  Thereby, for example, even if the operator does not operate the operation lever to the front side, the transmission gear can be shifted down smoothly, and the transmission operation can be performed smoothly. In addition, when the operator downshifts the transmission gear, for example, the front shift down switch and the side change switch can be used properly in accordance with the operation state (lever position) of the work operation lever. Therefore, even if there are individual differences in operation methods depending on the operator, it is possible to adapt to various operation methods and improve operability.

  Further, by adopting the changeover switch, the switch can be compactly arranged on the upper surface portion of the console, the structure of the console and the switch can be simplified, and the number of parts related to the switch can be reduced.

  According to the invention of claim 6, the downshift switch and the upshift switch are integrally formed as a changeover switch, and the changeover switch is arranged on the side of the operation lever. The change-over switch can be switched to the shift-down position or the shift-up position, whereby a speed change operation can be performed.

  As a result, on the upper surface of the console, for example, a shift down switch and a shift up switch can be compactly arranged as one changeover switch, the structure of the console and the switch can be simplified, and the number of parts related to the switch can be reduced. be able to. In addition, since the selector switch is arranged on the side of the operation lever, the operator can turn the thumb or the like to the side regardless of whether the operation lever is in the front position, neutral position, or rear position. The changeover switch can be easily operated by simply extending it naturally.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the downshift switch is located between the two operating levers and disposed on the front side thereof, and the upshift switch is disposed on the side of one of the operating levers. Since the arrangement is made, the operator can easily perform the switch operation regardless of the position of the operation lever, for example, by extending the fingertip to the front side or the side while holding the operation lever. Therefore, regardless of which switch is operated, the operator does not need to change the operation lever, and the transmission gear can be switched smoothly.

  Hereinafter, a construction machine operation device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  First, FIG. 1 to FIG. 11 show a first embodiment. In this embodiment, a cab specification wheel loader is taken as an example of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, a hydraulic crane, or a wheel loader to which the operation device is applied. To mention.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a wheel loader. The wheel loader 1 includes a rear vehicle body 2, a front vehicle body 3 that is connected to the front side of the rear vehicle body 2 so as to be pivotable leftward and rightward, and a work device 8 described later. And is roughly composed.

  Here, the rear vehicle body 2 has a cab 4 positioned on the front side thereof and a driver's seat 12 described later on a floor plate 4A (see FIG. 2), and an engine described later positioned on the rear side of the cab 4. 9, an exterior cover 5 that covers a hydraulic pump (not shown) and the like, and left and right rear wheels 6 that run the wheel loader 1 are provided. The front vehicle body 3 rotates left and right with respect to the rear vehicle body 2 by operating a steering wheel 13 to be described later, and changes the traveling direction of the wheel loader 1. Left and right front wheels 7 are provided on the side.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a working device provided on the front side of the front vehicle body 3 so as to be able to be lifted and lowered. The working device 8 is attached to the front vehicle body 3 so as to be able to be lifted and lowered, and to a front end portion of the boom 8A. The loader bucket 8B is movably mounted, the boom cylinder 8C moves the boom 8A up and down, and the bucket cylinder 8D rotates the loader bucket 8B upward and downward (dump or cloud). And actuators, such as each cylinder 8C and 8D, are operated using the two operation levers 19 and 20 mentioned later by the operator of a vehicle.

  Reference numeral 9 denotes an engine mounted on the rear vehicle body 2. The engine 9 has a transmission 10 connected to its output side as shown in FIG. 7, and rotationally drives the rear wheels 6 via the transmission 10 and the like. Further, the engine 9 operates the cylinders 8C and 8D of the work device 8 by driving a hydraulic pump.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes a transmission connected to the output side of the engine 9. The transmission 10 decelerates the rotation of the engine 9 and transmits it to the rear wheels 6. The reduction ratio (gear ratio) at this time is different, for example, 4 A stage transmission gear (not shown) is provided. The transmission gear is switched to one gear position among, for example, 1st speed, 2nd speed, 3rd speed and 4th speed by a mission control valve 24 described later.

  In this case, when rotation is transmitted from the engine 9 to the rear wheel 6 via the transmission 10, the rotational speed increases sequentially from the first speed to the fourth speed, and the rotational torque decreases sequentially. For this reason, for example, at the first speed, the rear wheel 6 is driven in a low rotation and high torque state, and the vehicle can obtain a large driving force even at a low speed. In the fourth speed, the rear wheels 6 are driven in a high rotation / low torque state, and the vehicle can obtain a high traveling speed even if the driving force is small.

  Next, 11 is a driving operation device provided in the cab 4, and the driving operation device 11 is a system in which an operation system for driving the wheel loader 1 is gathered around the operator as shown in FIGS. A driver's seat 12, a steering wheel 13, pedals 14 and 15, a shift lever 16, a console 17, operating levers 19 and 20, a shift down switch 21, a shift up switch 22, a controller 23, and the like, which will be described later. Yes.

  A driver's seat 12 is located near the rear side in the cab 4 and is disposed on the floor plate 4A. The driver's seat 12 is seated when the operator operates the wheel loader 1, and the front side thereof. A steering wheel 13 which will be described later is attached.

  Reference numeral 13 denotes a steering wheel as a steering device disposed on the front side of the driver's seat 12, and the steering wheel 13 is rotated by gripping and rotating the front vehicle body 3 in the left and right directions by the operator. The vehicle is steered leftward or rightward. An accelerator pedal 14 and a brake pedal 15 are provided below the steering wheel 13 on the floor plate 4A of the cab 4.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a transmission lever disposed in the vicinity of the mounting portion of the steering wheel 13, and the transmission lever 16 is operated by an operator to shift up the transmission gear of the transmission 10 from the first speed to the fourth speed. Or downshift from 4th gear to 1st gear.

  In this case, for example, the transmission lever 16 extends in the radial direction from the lower side of the center of the steering wheel 13 toward the left hand of the operator. Then, for example, when performing normal traveling without using the work device 8, the operator operates the shift lever 16 with the left hand as necessary while grasping the steering wheel 13 to steer the vehicle, and the shift gear. Is switched.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a console which is positioned on the right side of the driver's seat 12 and is erected on the floor 4A of the cab 4. The console 17 is an elongated box extending in the front and rear directions of the vehicle as shown in FIGS. It is formed in a shape, and is composed of a front surface portion 17A and an upper surface portion 17B. In this case, the rear portion of the upper surface portion 17B is formed so as to extend substantially horizontally, and a wrist rest 18 on which the operator places and fixes the wrist (the portion beyond the elbow) is provided.

  The front portion of the upper surface portion 17B is a lever mounting portion 17C to which devices such as operation levers 19 and 20 and switches 21 and 22 described later are mounted. The lever mounting portion 17C is located on the front side from the position of the wrist rest 18. It is formed as an inclined surface portion that extends downward and extends downward. In this case, the inclination angle of the lever mounting portion 17C is set so that each device is arranged on the front side or the diagonally lower side of the wrist with the wrist placed on the wrist rest 18, and the wrist is extended to a natural angle. The device is set to operate.

  Reference numeral 19 denotes, for example, a boom operating lever provided as a working lever provided at a right position of the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17, and the boom operating lever 19 is operated in the forward and backward directions by the operator. The boom cylinder 8C of the device 8 is expanded and contracted to move the boom 8A up and down.

  Here, the boom operation lever 19 is pivotally attached to the inside of the console 17 via an attachment pin (not shown), in the same manner as the bucket operation lever 20. Further, the distal end side of the operation lever 19 protrudes upward from the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17, and a spherical grip 19A, for example, is attached to the protruding end portion. When the boom operation lever 19 is operated, as shown in FIG. 9 to be described later, the operator holds the grip 19A from above with the palm of the hand, and moves the operation lever 19 forward and backward with the mounting pin as the center. Tilt operation.

  As a result, the operating lever 19 rotates between the front position 19 ′ and the rear position 19 ″ with reference to the neutral position indicated by the solid line in FIG. 5. In this case, the operating lever 19 is moved to the front position 19 ′. When the operation lever 19 is operated toward the rear position 19 ″, the boom 8A is indicated by a solid line. Thus, it is configured to be lifted upward.

  Reference numeral 20 denotes, for example, a bucket operating lever as another working lever provided at the left side position of the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17, and the bucket operating lever 20 is operated forward and backward by the operator, The loader bucket 8B is dumped or clouded by expanding and contracting the eight bucket cylinders 8D.

  Here, the bucket operation lever 20 is arranged side by side with the boom operation lever 19 in the left and right directions, and is formed with substantially the same shape and structure as that. A spherical grip 20A that is gripped so as to be wrapped from above is attached. Further, the operation lever 20 has a base end side rotatably attached to the inside of the console 17 via an attachment pin 20B (see FIG. 6).

  The bucket operating lever 20 is tilted forward and backward between the front position 20 ′ and the rear position 20 ″ with reference to the neutral position indicated by the solid line in FIG. When the operation lever 20 is operated toward the front position 20 ′, the loader bucket 8B dumps downward as indicated by the phantom line in FIG. 1, and the operation lever 20 is operated toward the rear position 20 ″. Sometimes, the loader bucket 8B is clouded upward as indicated by the solid line.

  21 is a shift down switch provided at the front side of the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17, for example. The shift down switch 21 is pushed by the operator with the fingertip of the right hand as shown in FIG. The transmission gear of the transmission 10 is sequentially shifted down from the fourth speed to the first speed.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the downshift switch 21 is composed of, for example, an automatic return type (momentary type) push button switch or the like, and is held in the closed (ON) state only when the operator is pressing. When the operator removes his / her finger, the open (OFF) state is restored.

  Further, the shift down switch 21 is disposed on the front side of the operation levers 19 and 20 as shown in FIG. As a result, when the operator is tilting the operation levers 19 and 20 toward the front positions 19 'and 20' (that is, the boom 8A of the work device 8 is swung or the loader bucket 8B is dumped). In other words, the shift down switch 21 can be easily operated by extending the index finger, middle finger, etc. of the right hand forward.

  Further, the shift down switch 21 is arranged in a rectangular range A indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 5 so that the shift down switch 21 can be easily operated with the fingertips of the hands enclosing the operation levers 19 and 20. This range A means that the switch 21 is within the width W between the right end of the operation lever 19 and the left end of the operation lever 20 with respect to the left and right directions, and the switch 21 is in the front position 19 ′, It is arranged in front of the center of 20 ', and is defined as a region in which the distance in the front and rear direction between this center and the switch 21 falls within a dimension Y of about 50 mm, for example. That is, the range A corresponds to a position on the front side of one of the two operation levers 19 and 20 or on the front side between the operation levers 19 and 20.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the downshift switch 21 is disposed within a predetermined range H in consideration of operability in the upward and downward directions. This range H is, for example, the operation lever 19 in the neutral position, 20 is defined as a region that fits between the upper end of 20 and the center of rotation thereof (mounting pin 20B, etc.).

  Reference numeral 22 denotes, for example, a shift-up switch provided on the left side of the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17, and the shift-up switch 22 is, for example, pushed by the operator with the fingertip of the right hand as shown in FIG. The transmission gear of the transmission 10 is sequentially shifted up from the first speed to the fourth speed. In this case, the upshift switch 22 is configured by an automatic return type push button switch, for example, in the same manner as the downshift switch 21.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, the upshift switch 22 is arranged at a position on the left side with respect to the neutral position of the bucket operation lever 20 or slightly behind the position. As a result, when the operator holds the operation levers 19 and 20 in the neutral position or is tilting toward the rear positions 19 ″ and 20 ″ (that is, the boom 8A of the work device 8 is lifted up). When the loader bucket 8B is clouded), the shift-up switch 22 can be easily operated by extending the thumb of the right hand to the side, for example.

  Further, the shift up switch 22 is arranged in a rectangular range B indicated by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 5 so that it can be easily operated with the fingertips of the hands enclosing the operation levers 19 and 20. This range B means that the distance in the left and right directions between the center of the operation lever 19 (or operation lever 20) and the switch 22 is within a dimension X of about 100 mm, for example, and the front positions 19 'and 20' of each lever. The distance in the front and rear direction between the center of (or the rear position 19 ″, 20 ″) and the switch 22 is defined as an area within a dimension Y of about 50 mm, for example. Furthermore, the upshift switch 22 is disposed in the above-described range H with respect to the upward and downward directions.

  Thus, in this embodiment, two types of switches 21 and 22 for shifting operation are provided on the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17 where the operation levers 19 and 20 are arranged. For this reason, even when the operator operates the steering wheel 13 with the left hand and operates the operation levers 19 and 20 with the right hand, the operator simply moves the fingertip of the right hand in the natural direction while performing these operations. , 22 makes it possible to smoothly perform the shifting operation.

  At this time, it is possible to prevent the need to change the operating lever as in the prior art, and to restrict the timing of the speed change operation according to the operating state of the lever. Can be done well.

  On the other hand, reference numeral 23 denotes a shift control controller mounted on the wheel loader 1, and a shift lever 16, a shift down switch 21, a shift up switch 22 and the like are connected to the input side of the controller 23 as shown in FIG. ing. Further, an electromagnetic mission control valve 24 for switching the transmission gear of the transmission 10 is connected to the output side of the controller 23.

  The controller 23 outputs a command signal to the mission control valve 24 in accordance with the operation state of the transmission lever 16 and the switches 21 and 22, and shifts down and up the transmission gear through the control valve 24. is there.

  The wheel loader 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration, and the operation thereof will be described next.

  First, for example, an operator seated on the driver's seat 12 in the cab 4 operates the vehicle by depressing the accelerator pedal 14 and the brake pedal 15 while operating the steering wheel 13 with the left hand, and further operating the operation lever with the right hand. By tilting 19 and 20, the working device 8 can be operated to perform various operations.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the operator can place the right wrist on the wrist rest 18 and hold it with the palm so as to wrap the grips 19A and 20A of the operation levers 19 and 20 in this state. , 20 can be smoothly operated forward and backward.

  Moreover, when working using the wheel loader 1, for example, a mountain such as earth and sand piled up on the ground may be scooped up and loaded on a truck bed. Therefore, the operation operation performed by the operator in such a loading operation will be described.

  First, as indicated by a virtual line in FIG. 1, the operator swings the boom 8A of the work device 8, dumps the loader bucket 8B, and advances the vehicle in this state, for example, is piled up on the ground. The loader bucket 8B is inserted into a pile of earth and sand.

  At this time, the operator wants to increase the driving force of the vehicle by switching the transmission gear to a low-speed gear such as the first speed and give sufficient thrust to the loader bucket 8B, but is steering the vehicle with the left hand. Therefore, the left shift lever 16 cannot be used.

  However, as shown in FIG. 10, the operator's right hand tilts the operation levers 19 and 20 to the front positions 19 ′ and 20 ′ in order to swing the work device 8 (dump). The shift down switch 21 can be smoothly operated by a simple operation of simply extending the fingertips such as the index finger and the middle finger forward. Thus, the operator can switch the transmission gear to the low speed side to give a sufficient rushing force to the loader bucket 8B.

  Further, after the loader bucket 8B is plunged into the pile of earth and sand, the operation levers 19 and 20 are tilted toward the rear positions 19 ″ and 20 ″, so that the loader bucket 8B is moved as shown by the solid line in FIG. The bucket 8B can be clouded to scoop up earth and sand, and the boom 8A can be lifted.

  At this time, as shown in FIG. 11, the right hand of the operator is in the vicinity of the neutral position or the rear side position 19 ″, 20 ″ together with the operation levers 19 and 20, and at this position, the fingertip of the thumb is simply extended to the left side. The shift up switch 22 can be smoothly operated by a simple operation. As a result, the operator can switch the speed change gear to a high-speed gear of 2 or more speed, for example, so that the vehicle can travel at a high speed, and can quickly reach the truck bed or the like.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the lever mounting portion 17C of the console 17 is provided with the downshift switch 21 and the upshift switch 22, so that the operator operates the steering wheel 13 with the left hand, for example, Even when the operation levers 19 and 20 are operated with the right hand, the downshift switch 21 and the upshift switch 22 can be easily operated with the fingertips of the right hand.

  Thus, the operator can shift down the transmission gear by simply extending the fingertip on the console 17 while performing these operations, even when both hands are closed by using the work device 8 while steering the vehicle. Shifting up can be performed smoothly.

  As a result, for example, even when the two operating levers 19 and 20 are operated together, there is no need to change the speed by changing the operating lever as in the prior art, and the speed change operation can be performed according to the operating state of the lever. It is possible to prevent the timing from being restricted. Therefore, the operability of the operator can be maintained well, and the work using the work device 8 can be performed efficiently.

  In this case, since the downshift switch 21 is disposed on the front side of the operation levers 19 and 20, for example, when the transmission gear is downshifted with the boom 8A of the work device 8 or the loader bucket 8B being dumped. In addition, the operator can easily operate the downshift switch 21 by simply extending the fingertip of the right hand that has moved to the front side together with the operation levers 19 and 20 toward the front.

  Thus, for example, when the loader bucket 8B is pushed into a mountain such as earth and sand, the transmission gear can be switched to the low speed side to increase the driving force of the vehicle, and sufficient load force can be applied to the loader bucket 8B. It is possible to efficiently scoop up earth and sand.

  Further, since the upshift switch 22 is disposed on the left side of the bucket operation lever 20, the operation levers 19 and 20 are any of the front positions 19 'and 20', the neutral positions and the rear positions 19 "and 20". Even in the position, the operator can easily operate the shift-up switch 22 by simply extending the thumb of the right hand or the like toward the side, for example.

  In particular, when the boom 8A of the work device 8 is lifted or the loader bucket 8B is clouded, the operator's right hand is in the neutral position together with the operation levers 19 and 20 or moved to the rear side. Therefore, the shift gear can be quickly shifted up by the shift up switch 22 located on the side thereof.

  Thereby, for example, when scooping up earth and sand by the loader bucket 8B and lifting the working device, the vehicle can be driven at a relatively high speed. Therefore, for example, the vehicle can be smoothly moved toward the truck bed or the like, and the loading operation can be performed efficiently.

  Further, the console 17 is provided with a lever mounting portion 17C located on the front side of the wrist rest 18, and the operation levers 19 and 20 and the switches 21 and 22 are disposed on the lever mounting portion 17C. Can be stably fixed on the wrist rest 18, and in this state, the operation levers 19 and 20 positioned on the front side of the wrist rest 18 can be operated in an easy posture. Thereby, for example, even when the operation levers 19 and 20 are operated for a long time, it is possible to suppress operator fatigue and the like.

  In this case, since the lever mounting portion 17C is formed as an inclined surface portion inclined toward the lower front side, when the operator places his wrist on the wrist rest 18, the operation lever 19, 20, devices such as switches 21 and 22 can be arranged. Thus, the operator can smoothly operate these devices with the wrist extended to a natural angle, and the operability can be further improved.

  Next, FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show a second embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that a shift down switch is arranged on the front side of a work operation lever, and other shift down switches and shifts are arranged. The change switch integrated with the up switch is arranged on the side of the operation lever. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes a driving operation device for the wheel loader 1, and the driving operation device 31 has a driver's seat, a steering wheel, an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal (all not shown), and a gear shift, as in the first embodiment. The lever 16, the operation levers 19 and 20, the shift down switch 21, the controller 23, a console 32 and a switch 33 described later are configured.

  The console 32 is formed by front, rear, left, and right side portions 32A, an upper surface portion 32B, and a lever mounting portion 32C. However, the lever mounting portion 32C of the console 32 is provided with a seesaw switch 33 (to be described later) together with the shift down switch 21, and these are connected to the input side of the controller 23.

  33 is a seesaw switch as a change-over switch disposed on the left side of the bucket operating lever 20, for example. The seesaw switch 33 is an integrated shift-down switch and shift-up switch. An automatic return type (momentary type) toggle switch or the like is used.

  Here, the seesaw switch 33 is disposed so as to fall within a range substantially similar to the range B described in the first embodiment. Thus, the operator can easily operate the seesaw switch 33 with a thumb or the like while holding the operation levers 19 and 20 so as to be wrapped with the palm of the hand.

  Further, the seesaw switch 33 has a shift-down operation part 33A and a shift-up operation part 33B, and when the operator takes a finger away from these operation parts 33A and 33B, the neutral position (a) shown in FIG. Is held in. The seesaw switch 33 is switched to the shift-down position (b) when the operator presses the shift-down operation unit 33A, and is switched to the shift-up position (c) when the operator presses the shift-up operation unit 33B. When these operations are stopped, the operation returns to the neutral position (a).

  Thereby, when the seesaw switch 33 is switched to the downshift position (b), the controller 23 shifts down the transmission gear via the mission control valve (not shown), and the seesaw switch 33 is in the upshift position ( When switched to c), the transmission gear is shifted up.

  Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first embodiment. In particular, in the present embodiment, the console 32 is provided with the shift down switch 21 and the seesaw switch 33 together.

  In this case, since the seesaw switch 33 is formed by integrating the downshift switch and the upshift switch, the operator moves the seesaw switch 33 from the neutral position (a) to the downshift position (b) or upshift position (c). By shifting to, the shifting operation can be easily performed.

  In addition, since the seesaw switch 33 is arranged on the left side of the bucket operating lever 20, the operator simply extends the thumb or the like toward the side regardless of the position of the operating levers 19 and 20. The seesaw switch 33 can be easily operated. Accordingly, for example, even if the operator does not operate the operation levers 19 and 20 to the front side, the transmission gear can be smoothly shifted down, and the operability can be improved.

  Therefore, when the operator downshifts the transmission gear, for example, depending on the operation state (position) of the operation levers 19 and 20, the front downshift switch 21 and the downshift operation unit 33A of the side seesaw switch 33 Even when there are individual differences in operation methods depending on the operator, it is possible to adapt to various operation methods.

  In addition, by adopting the seesaw switch 33, a plurality of switches 21 and 33 can be arranged compactly on the lever mounting portion 32C, the structure of the console 32 and the switch 33 can be simplified, and the number of parts related to the switch 33 can be reduced. can do.

  Next, FIGS. 14 and 15 show a third embodiment according to the present invention. The feature of this embodiment is that only a changeover switch including a seesaw switch is arranged on the side of the operation lever. It is in that. In the present embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  41 is a driving operation device of the wheel loader 1, and the driving operation device 41 has a driver seat, a steering wheel, an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal (all not shown), and a gear change, almost the same as in the first embodiment. The lever 16, the operation levers 19 and 20, the controller 23, a console 42 described later, and a switch 43 are included.

  The console 42 is formed by front, rear, left, and right side portions 42A, an upper surface portion 42B, and a lever mounting portion 42C. However, a seesaw switch 43 described later is provided on the lever mounting portion 42 </ b> C of the console 42, and the seesaw switch 43 is connected to the input side of the controller 23.

  43 is a seesaw switch as a change-over switch disposed on the left side of the bucket operating lever 20, for example. The seesaw switch 43 is, for example, an automatic return type toggle switch or the like, as in the second embodiment. Thus, the shift down switch and the shift up switch are integrated.

  The seesaw switch 43 includes a shift down operation unit 43A and a shift up operation unit 43B, which are pushed by the operator with a fingertip, and are shifted from the neutral position (a) to the shift down position (b) shown in FIG. By shifting to either position (c), the transmission gear is shifted down or up.

  Thus, in the present embodiment configured as described above, it is possible to obtain substantially the same operational effects as those of the first and second embodiments. In particular, in the present embodiment, for example, since one seesaw switch 43 may be disposed on the lever mounting portion 42C of the console 42, the console 42 and the switch 43 can be formed compactly, and the structure thereof can be simplified.

  In each of the above embodiments, the switches 22, 33, 43 are arranged on the left side of the bucket operating lever 20. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention may be configured as a modification shown in FIG. In this case, the upshift switch 22 ′ is disposed on the right side of the boom operation lever 19.

  In the embodiment, the two operation levers 19 and 20 are provided on the console 17 located on the right side of the driver's seat 12. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, a console and an operation lever may be provided on the left side of the driver's seat. The console may be provided with, for example, one operation lever or three or more operation levers.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment, the cab specification wheel loader 1 has been described as an example of the construction machine. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and may be applied to a canopy specification wheel loader, for example. Further, it can be widely applied to other construction machines including a hydraulic excavator and a hydraulic crane.

1 is a front view showing a wheel loader to which a driving operation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention is applied. It is the perspective view which fractured | ruptured the upper part of the cab and saw the driving | operation operation apparatus from back. It is the perspective view which looked at the driver's seat in a cab, a console, etc. from the front. FIG. 4 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a console showing an enlarged operation lever, shift down switch, shift up switch and the like in FIG. 3. It is the elements on larger scale of the console which looked at the operation lever, the downshift switch, the upshift switch, etc. from the upper side. It is the partial expanded side view which looked at the operation lever, the downshift switch, the upshift switch, etc. from the left side. It is a block diagram which shows the speed change operation system of a wheel loader. FIG. 8 is a circuit configuration diagram illustrating a shift lever, a shift down switch, a shift up switch, and a controller in FIG. 7. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the state in which an operator operates the operation lever for booms, and the operation lever for buckets. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the state which pushes down a down switch, while an operator tilts an operation lever to the front side. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the state which pushes an upshift switch, while an operator tilts an operation lever back. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the console of the driving | operation control apparatus by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit block diagram which shows the transmission lever of a driving | operation operation apparatus, a shift down switch, a seesaw switch, and a controller. It is a partial expansion perspective view which shows the console of the driving | operation control apparatus by the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a circuit block diagram which shows the transmission lever, seesaw switch, and controller of a driving | operation operation apparatus. It is the elements on larger scale which show the console of the driving operation apparatus by the modification of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Wheel loader (construction machine)
2 Rear body (body)
3 Front car body
4 Cab 8 Working device 8A Boom 8B Loader bucket 8C, 8D Cylinder (actuator)
11, 31, 41 Driving operation device 12 Driver's seat 13 Steering wheel (steering device)
14 Accelerator pedal dull 15 Brake pedal 16 Shift lever 17, 32, 42 Console 17A, 32A, 42A Side surface 17B, 32B, 42B Top surface 17C, 32C, 42C Lever mounting portion 18 Wrist rest 19 Boom operation lever (operation for operation) lever)
19A, 20A Grip 20 Bucket control lever (work control lever)
20B Mounting pin 21 Shift down switch 22, 22 'Shift up switch 23 Controller 24 Mission control valve 33, 43 Seesaw switch (changeover switch)
33A, 43A Shift-down operation unit 33B, 43B Shift-up operation unit

Claims (7)

A driver's seat provided on a vehicle body of a construction machine, a steering device that is disposed in front of the driver's seat and an operator seated on the driver's seat steers the vehicle body, and is disposed in the vicinity of the steering device so that the vehicle body travels. A shift lever that sometimes shifts up and down the transmission gear, a console disposed on the side of the driver's seat, and an upper surface of the console that can be operated forward and backward and provided on the vehicle body A construction machine operation control device comprising a work control lever for operating the work device provided,
Construction in which two types of switches comprising a downshift switch for downshifting the transmission gear and a upshift switch for upshifting the transmission gear are provided on the upper surface of the console. Machine operation device.   The console is provided with a wrist rest on a side of the driver's seat on which an operator puts his wrist, and a lever mounting portion on the front side of the wrist rest to which the operation lever is attached. 2. The operation device for a construction machine according to claim 1, wherein the down switch and the up-shift switch are disposed on the lever mounting portion.   The operation operating device for a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the lever mounting portion is formed as an inclined surface portion that extends forward from the position of the wrist rest and is inclined downward.   The work device is configured to move downward when the work operation lever is operated to the front side and to move upward when the work operation lever is operated to the rear side, and the shift down switch is configured to move the work operation lever. The operation operating device for a construction machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the shift up switch is disposed on a side of the operation lever.   The shift-down switch is disposed on the front side of the work operation lever, and another shift-down switch and the shift-up switch are integrally formed on the side of the work operation lever. The operation operating device for a construction machine according to claim 1, further comprising a changeover switch that is switched to a shift-up position.   The shift-down switch and the shift-up switch are integrally formed as a change-over switch that can be switched between a shift-down position and a shift-up position, and the change-over switch is disposed on a side of the operation lever. The operation operating device for a construction machine according to 1, 2 or 3.   The work operation lever includes two operation levers that are arranged side by side in the left and right directions and operate a plurality of actuators constituting the work device, and the shift down switch is disposed between the two operation levers. The operation of the construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the shift-up switch is located on a side of one of the operation levers. Operating device.

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