JP2005082502A - Insect-proofing agent for grain and/or dried food and method for proofing insect pest for grain and/or dried food - Google Patents
Insect-proofing agent for grain and/or dried food and method for proofing insect pest for grain and/or dried food Download PDFInfo
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- JP2005082502A JP2005082502A JP2003313726A JP2003313726A JP2005082502A JP 2005082502 A JP2005082502 A JP 2005082502A JP 2003313726 A JP2003313726 A JP 2003313726A JP 2003313726 A JP2003313726 A JP 2003313726A JP 2005082502 A JP2005082502 A JP 2005082502A
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- Prior art keywords
- dry matter
- terpene
- grain
- insecticide
- matter according
- Prior art date
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、穀物・乾物用防虫剤および当該防虫剤を用いた穀物・乾物害虫の防虫方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、穀物や乾物の害虫に対して優れた防虫効果を有するとともに、人体に対しても安全性が高く、一般家庭においても手軽に使用することができる穀物・乾物用防虫剤および当該防虫剤を用いた穀物・乾物害虫の防虫方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an insect repellent for cereals and dry matter and a method for controlling cereal and dry matter pests using the repellent. More specifically, an insecticide for cereals and dry matter that has an excellent insecticidal effect against pests of cereals and dry matter, is highly safe for the human body, and can be easily used in ordinary households, and the insecticide The present invention relates to a method for controlling grain and dry matter pests using a chemical.
米、小麦(小麦粉を含む)、大麦、豆類の穀物や、パスタ、煮干し、鰹節、ふ、かんぴょう等の乾物(以下「穀物等」という)が倉庫や一般家庭で保存ないし貯蔵されている場合、コクゾウムシ、ココクゾウムシ、ノシメマダラメイガ等の害虫が繁殖し、穀物等に被害を与えるという問題が発生していた。かかる害虫による被害を防止するために、穀物倉庫では従来より、倉庫内を臭化メチル、ホスフィンなどの燻蒸剤により薫蒸し、低温で貯蔵するなどの害虫の防除手段が採られていた。また、これら保管倉庫内に農薬成分やピレスロイド系化合物を散布する等の手段も採られていた。 When rice, wheat (including flour), barley, legume grains, and pasta, boiled, dried food such as bonito, fufu, kanpyo (hereinafter referred to as “cereals”) are stored or stored in warehouses or general households There has been a problem that pests such as the weevil, the weevil, and the white weevil are bred and cause damage to the grains. In order to prevent damage by such pests, conventionally, grain warehouses have taken pest control measures such as fumigating the warehouse with a fumigant such as methyl bromide or phosphine and storing at low temperatures. In addition, measures such as spraying agricultural chemical components and pyrethroid compounds in these storage warehouses have been taken.
一方、穀物等の流通段階や一般家庭における貯蔵においては、上記のような穀物倉庫で採られているような手段は、コスト、設備及び安全性の点で実施が困難であり、特に、対象となる穀物等は食品である関係から、使用する薬剤の安全性に関しては十分な考慮が必要とされていた。 On the other hand, in the distribution stage of grains, etc. and storage in ordinary households, the means such as those used in grain warehouses as described above are difficult to implement in terms of cost, equipment and safety. Due to the fact that cereal grains are foods, sufficient consideration was required regarding the safety of the drugs used.
そこで、近年では、一般家庭でも手軽にかつ安全に使用できる防虫剤が種々提案されている。たとえば、わさび、カラシ、ショウガ、トウガラシ、ニンニクなどを使用した米用の防虫剤が提案されていた。また、アリシン又はカプサイシンを含む香辛料を通気性容器に収容して、この容器を米と一緒に米びつや米包装袋などの米容器内に収容することを特徴とする米の品質保存剤や(特許文献1)、有効成分として天然物由来のティートリーオイル及び/又はパインオイルを含有してなるコクゾウムシ忌避剤(特許文献2)等の種々の防虫剤も提案されている。 Therefore, in recent years, various insect repellents that can be used easily and safely even in general households have been proposed. For example, insect repellents for rice using wasabi, mustard, ginger, pepper, garlic and the like have been proposed. In addition, a rice quality preservative characterized by containing a spice containing allicin or capsaicin in a breathable container and storing the container together with rice in a rice container such as a rice container or a rice packaging bag (patent Various insect repellents such as a weevil repellent (Patent Document 2) containing tea tree oil and / or pine oil derived from natural products as active ingredients have been proposed.
これらの従来の穀物等用の防虫剤は、天然物もしくは食品に用いられている薬剤を使用しているため安全性については問題ないが、穀物害虫に対しての効果が弱く、十分な防虫効力が得られないという問題を有していた。
従って、穀物や乾物の害虫に対して十分な防虫効力を有するとともに、人体に対して安全性が高く、一般家庭でも手軽に使用できる穀物・乾物用防虫剤の開発が望まれており、本発明はこのような防虫剤の提供をその課題とするものである。 Therefore, it is desired to develop a pesticidal agent for cereals and dry matter that has sufficient insect repellent effect against cereals and dry matter pests, is highly safe for the human body, and can be easily used in general households. The issue is to provide such insect repellents.
本発明者は、上記問題点を解決するために、鋭意研究を行ったところ、特定の化合物が人体に安全でありながら、優れた防虫効力を有すことを見いだし本発明に至った。 The present inventor conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and found that a specific compound has an excellent insecticidal effect while being safe for the human body, and led to the present invention.
すなわち本発明は、テルペン系化合物の1種もしくは2種以上を有効成分として含有する穀物・乾物用防虫剤を提供するものである。 That is, the present invention provides an insecticide for cereals and dry matter containing one or more terpene compounds as active ingredients.
また本発明は、上記穀物・乾物用防虫剤を、穀物や乾物の保存ないし保管場所に適用することを特徴とする穀物・乾物害虫の防虫方法を提供するものである。 The present invention also provides a method for controlling cereals and dry matter pests, characterized by applying the pesticidal agent for cereals and dry matter to a storage or storage place for cereals and dry matter.
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、人体に対して安全であり、一般家庭においても手軽に使用できるものである。したがって、本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、穀物や乾物が保管ないし保存される倉庫や家庭用保存庫、家庭用保存容器の中に適用されることにより、穀物や乾物に発生する害虫、例えばコクゾウムシ、ココクゾウムシ、グラナリヤコクゾウムシ等の鞘翅目ゾウハナムシ科の害虫、バクガ等の鱗翅目キバガ科の害虫、ノシメマダラメイガ、ガイマイツヅリガ等の鱗翅目メイガ科の害虫、カクムネコクヌスト等の鞘翅目ヒラタムシ科の害虫、コクヌストモドキ等の鞘翅目ゴミムシダマシ科の害虫、オオコクヌスト等の鞘翅目コクヌスト科の害虫、ノコギリコクヌスト等の鞘翅目ヒラタキクイムシ科の害虫、コナナガシンクイムシ等の鞘翅目ナガシンクイムシ科の害虫に対し優れた防虫効果を発揮し、穀物や乾物を食害から守ることができる。 The cereal / dry matter insect repellent of the present invention is safe for the human body and can be easily used in general households. Therefore, the insect repellent for cereals and dry matter of the present invention is applied to a warehouse or household storage, or a storage container for storing or storing cereals or dry matter, thereby causing pests generated on the cereal or dry matter, For example, weevil, weevil, granary weevil, Coleoptera, Paramecidae, Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Coleoptera Pests of the family, Pestae of the Coleoptera such as Coleoptera, Pests of the order Coleoptera such as Okokunusu, Pests of the Coleoptera such as Sawworm Knunus, Pests of the Coleidae, Pests of the Coleoptera It has an excellent insect repellent effect and can protect grains and dry matter from damage.
また、植物の抽出液や香辛料の粉末を用いるよりもはるかに穀物等の害虫に対しての効果が強く、さらには特定の化合物であるため防虫効果の調節もしやすく、取り扱いも容易である。 Moreover, it is much more effective against pests such as cereals than using plant extracts and spice powders. Furthermore, since it is a specific compound, it is easy to adjust the insect repellent effect and handle it easily.
また特にゲル状製剤とした場合は、穀物等の収納容器内にテルペン系化合物又はその溶剤等が流れ出て、収納されている穀物等を濡らしてしまう等の問題を無くすことができ、さらに穀物等の収納容器内に有効成分を安定に揮散させることができ、またゲルの減少度合いを目視観察することにより、効果の確認及び有効期間の終了時期を容易に判断することができる。 In particular, in the case of a gel-like preparation, problems such as the terpene compound or its solvent flowing out into the storage container for grains etc. and wetting the stored grains etc. can be eliminated. It is possible to stably volatilize the active ingredient in the storage container, and by visually observing the degree of gel reduction, it is possible to easily confirm the effect and determine the end time of the effective period.
本発明において、「防虫」とは、穀物害虫を殺虫する作用および害虫を忌避する作用を含む概念である。また、「穀物」とは、玄米、精米、粳米若しくは餅米等の米類、小麦、大麦、粟、稗、豆類若しくはトウモロコシ等の穀物に加え、それらの種子又は米粉、コーンスターチ、片栗粉、そば粉若しくは小麦粉等のそれらの粉末を指し、「乾物」とは、パスタ、マカロニ、煮干し、鰹節、麩(ふ)、かんぴょう、寒天、そうめん、冷や麦、めざし、昆布、干し椎茸、高野豆腐、干物等の乾燥した食物を指称する。 In the present invention, “insect protection” is a concept including an action of killing grain pests and an action of repelling pests. The term “cereals” refers to grains such as brown rice, polished rice, glutinous rice, and glutinous rice, wheat, barley, potatoes, potatoes, beans, corn, etc., as well as their seeds or rice flour, corn starch, starch, buckwheat Or it refers to those powders such as wheat flour. “Dried food” refers to pasta, macaroni, boiled, dried bonito, rice cake, agar, somen noodles, cold wheat, mushrooms, kelp, dried shiitake, Takano tofu, dried fish Of dry food.
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、その有効成分としてテルペン系化合物の1種又は2種以上を含有するものである。 The insect repellent for cereals and dry matter of the present invention contains one or more terpene compounds as an active ingredient.
テルペン系化合物としては特に限定されないが、テルペンアルコール、テルペンアルコールの脂肪酸エステル、テルペン炭化水素、テルペンアルデヒド、テルペンオキサイド、テルペンケトン等を挙げることができる。 The terpene compound is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include terpene alcohol, fatty acid ester of terpene alcohol, terpene hydrocarbon, terpene aldehyde, terpene oxide, and terpene ketone.
テルペンアルコールとしては、リナロール、テルピネオール、ネロール、フェンキルアルコール、シトロネロール、ゲラニオール、ボルネオール等を挙げることができる。 Examples of the terpene alcohol include linalool, terpineol, nerol, fenquil alcohol, citronellol, geraniol, and borneol.
テルペンアルコールの脂肪酸エステルとしては、酢酸ボルニル、酢酸フェンキル、酢酸リナリル、酢酸テルピニル等を挙げることができる。 Examples of terpene alcohol fatty acid esters include bornyl acetate, fenkyl acetate, linalyl acetate, and terpinyl acetate.
テルペン炭化水素としては、テルピノレン、α−テルピネン、β−テルピネン、オシメン、ミルセン、リモネン、カンフェン、α−ピネン、β−ピネン等を挙げることができる。 Examples of the terpene hydrocarbon include terpinolene, α-terpinene, β-terpinene, ocimene, myrcene, limonene, camphene, α-pinene, and β-pinene.
テルペンアルデヒドとしてはシトロネラール等を挙げることができ、テルペンオキサイドとしてはシネオール等を挙げることができ、テルペンケトンとしてはカンファー等を挙げることができる。 Examples of terpene aldehydes include citronellal, terpene oxides include cineol, and terpene ketones include camphor.
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤には、上記テルペン系化合物以外に、他の害虫防除成分を配合しても良く、これによりさらに優れた防虫効果を発揮することができる。これらの他の害虫防除成分としては、トウガラシ、ワサビ、シソ、カルダモン、ナツメグ、クローブ、コリアンダー、セージ、ローズマリー、バジル、キャラウェー、タイム、ユーカリ、ローレル、シトロネラ、アニス、オレンジ若しくはラベンダーの抽出物若しくは精油、アリシン、カプサイシン、ペリラアルデヒド、ティートリーオイル、パインオイル又はエタノール等の炭素数10以下のアルコール等が挙げられ、これらの1種を単独で使用しても良く、2種類以上を組み合わせて使用することもできる。 In addition to the above-mentioned terpene compounds, other insect pest control components may be added to the cereal / dry matter insect repellent of the present invention, whereby a further excellent insect repellent effect can be exhibited. These other pest control ingredients include pepper, horseradish, perilla, cardamom, nutmeg, cloves, coriander, sage, rosemary, basil, caraway, thyme, eucalyptus, laurel, citronella, anise, orange or lavender extract Or, essential oil, allicin, capsaicin, perylaldehyde, tea tree oil, pine oil, or alcohols having 10 or less carbon atoms such as ethanol, etc., may be used alone or in combination of two or more. You can also
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤の製造は、上記成分の他、必要により適当な担体を加え、常法により製剤化することにより行うことができる。本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤の剤型としては特に限定はなく、ゲル状製剤、液剤、固形剤等の形態にすることができるが、中でもゲル状製剤が特に好ましい。 The insecticide for cereals and dry matter according to the present invention can be produced by adding a suitable carrier as required in addition to the above components and formulating it by a conventional method. The dosage form of the insecticide for grain and dry matter of the present invention is not particularly limited, and it can be in the form of a gel preparation, a liquid preparation, a solid preparation, etc. Among them, a gel preparation is particularly preferable.
このゲル状製剤は、テルペン系化合物単独又は必要に応じそれに他の害虫防除成分や適当な溶媒を加えた液を、ゲル化剤及び水と共にゲル化させることにより製造される。 This gel-form preparation is produced by gelling a terpene compound alone or, if necessary, a solution to which another pest control component or an appropriate solvent is added together with a gelling agent and water.
ここで用いられるゲル化剤としては特に限定はないが、具体的には、カラギーナン、アルギン酸、アルギン酸ナトリウム、寒天等の海藻多糖類、ジェランガム、キサンタンガム等の発酵多糖類、グアーガム、ローカストビーンガム等の種子多糖類、ヒドロキシプロピル化グアーガム、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース等のヒドロキシアルキルエーテル化多糖類、エチルセルロース、メチルセルロース等のアルキルエーテル化多糖類、ジベンジリデン−D−ソルビトール等のソルビトール類、ゼラチン等のタンパク質などが挙げられ、これらは1種または2種以上を使用することができる。特に好ましくは、ヒドロキシプロピル化グアーガムである。 The gelling agent used here is not particularly limited, and specifically, carrageenan, alginic acid, sodium alginate, seaweed polysaccharides such as agar, fermented polysaccharides such as gellan gum and xanthan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum and the like. Examples include seed polysaccharides, hydroxyalkyl etherified polysaccharides such as hydroxypropylated guar gum and hydroxyethylcellulose, alkyletherified polysaccharides such as ethylcellulose and methylcellulose, sorbitols such as dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol, and proteins such as gelatin. These can use 1 type (s) or 2 or more types. Particularly preferred is hydroxypropylated guar gum.
ゲル状製剤を調製するにあたっては、テルペン系化合物を溶媒に溶解させてもよい。かかる溶剤としては、特に限定されずに従来より公知の液状担体を用いることができるが、身体に対して安全性の高いものを使用することが好ましい。例えば、ヘキサン、パラフィン等の炭化水素系化合物;メタノール、エタノール、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、1−ブタノール、2−ブタノール、2−メチル−1−プロパノール、2−メチル−2−プロパノール、ペンタノール、ヘキサノール、ヘプタノール、オクタノール、ノナノール、デカノール等の炭化水素系アルコール;アリールアルコール、ベンジルアルコール、オイゲノール等の芳香族アルコール;クロロホルム等のハロゲン化炭化水素化合物;ジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル等のエーテル系化合物;アセトン等のケトン系化合物;酢酸、オレイン酸等の脂肪酸系化合物;酢酸エステル、プロピオン酸エステル、安息香酸エステル等のエステル系化合物;エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等のグリコール系化合物;2−フェノキシエタノール、3−メチル−3−メトキシブタノール等のグリコールエーテル系化合物;ごま油、リノール油、サラダ油等の植物油等が挙げられ、これらの1種又は2種以上を混合して用いることも可能である。 In preparing the gel preparation, the terpene compound may be dissolved in a solvent. The solvent is not particularly limited and a conventionally known liquid carrier can be used, but it is preferable to use a solvent that is highly safe for the body. For example, hydrocarbon compounds such as hexane and paraffin; methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, pentanol Hydrocarbon alcohols such as hexanol, heptanol, octanol, nonanol, decanol; aromatic alcohols such as aryl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, eugenol; halogenated hydrocarbon compounds such as chloroform; ether compounds such as diethyl ether and diethylene glycol diethyl ether Ketone compounds such as acetone; fatty acid compounds such as acetic acid and oleic acid; ester compounds such as acetic acid ester, propionic acid ester and benzoic acid ester; ethylene glycol, propylene Glycol compounds such as recall; Glycol ether compounds such as 2-phenoxyethanol and 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol; vegetable oils such as sesame oil, linoleic oil, salad oil, etc., and one or more of these are mixed It can also be used.
更に、ゲル状製剤を調製するに当たっては、必要により界面活性剤を添加することもできる。界面活性剤としては、陽イオン系界面活性剤、陰イオン系界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、非イオン系界面活性剤の従来公知のものが挙げられ、これらの1種を単独で、または2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 Furthermore, when preparing a gel-form preparation, a surfactant can be added if necessary. Examples of the surfactant include conventionally known cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, and nonionic surfactants, and one of these may be used alone or 2 More than one species can be used in combination.
次に本発明の液剤としては、テルペン系化合物単独であってもよく、これと他の害虫防除成分との混合液であってもよい。さらに、それらを適当な溶媒に溶解した形態であっても良い。 Next, the liquid agent of the present invention may be a terpene compound alone or a mixed solution of this with other pest control components. Furthermore, the form which melt | dissolved them in the appropriate solvent may be sufficient.
液剤を調製するために使用できる分散媒・溶媒としては特に限定はないが、水又は上記ゲル状製剤に含有される溶剤と同様なものを好適に用いることができる。さらに必要により界面活性剤を添加することもできる。界面活性剤としては従来公知のものが挙げられ、これらの1種を単独で、または2種以上を組み合わせて使用することができる。 Although there is no limitation in particular as a dispersion medium and solvent which can be used in order to prepare a liquid agent, the thing similar to the solvent contained in water or the said gel-form preparation can be used suitably. Further, a surfactant can be added if necessary. As the surfactant, conventionally known ones can be mentioned, and one of these can be used alone, or two or more can be used in combination.
液剤にあっては、有効成分のテルペン系化合物の濃度は、液剤である防虫剤全体に対して、0.1〜100質量%(以下、「%」と略記する)とすることが好ましく、1〜100%とすることがより好ましい。 In a liquid preparation, the concentration of the terpene compound as an active ingredient is preferably 0.1 to 100% by mass (hereinafter abbreviated as “%”) with respect to the whole insect repellent as a liquid preparation. More preferably, it is set to -100%.
更に本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、上記した液剤を適当な担体に含浸又は担持させた固形状又はシート状の固形剤であってもよい。ここで、含浸又は担持させる担体としては特に限定されないが、例えば、木、紙、布、不織布、シリカ、タルク、活性炭、シリカゲル、ゼオライト、セルロースビーズ、セラミック等を挙げることができる。 Furthermore, the pesticidal agent for cereals and dry matter of the present invention may be a solid or sheet-like solid agent obtained by impregnating or carrying the above-mentioned liquid agent on a suitable carrier. Here, the carrier to be impregnated or supported is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include wood, paper, cloth, nonwoven fabric, silica, talc, activated carbon, silica gel, zeolite, cellulose beads, ceramic and the like.
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、液剤とするよりも、ゲル状製剤又は固形剤とすることが、テルペン系化合物等が流れ出て穀物等を濡らすおそれがないので有利である。特に、ゲル状製剤とした場合は、テルペン系化合物を安定に揮散させることができ、またゲルの減少度合いから効果の確認が容易にできるという利点もあるので最も好ましい。 The pesticidal and dry matter insect repellent of the present invention is more advantageous than a liquid preparation because it has no risk of the terpene compound and the like flowing out and wetting the cereal or the like. In particular, the gel-like preparation is most preferable because it has the advantage that the terpene compound can be volatilized stably and the effect can be easily confirmed from the degree of gel reduction.
上記した本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤には上記した各成分の他、さらに、香料、消臭剤、防かび剤、色素、顔料、酸化防止剤、紫外線吸収剤、他の防虫剤等を本発明の効果を妨げない範囲で適宜添加することができる。また、テルペン系化合物と他の香料成分を調合して調合香料として添加することもできる。これらの各成分についても、人体に安全な成分を選択して使用することが好ましい。 In addition to the above-mentioned components, the above-described insecticide for grain and dry matter of the present invention further includes a fragrance, a deodorant, a fungicide, a dye, a pigment, an antioxidant, an ultraviolet absorber, other insecticides, and the like. It can add suitably in the range which does not prevent the effect of this invention. Moreover, a terpene compound and other fragrance | flavor components can be mixed and added as a mixing | blending fragrance | flavor. For each of these components, it is preferable to select and use components that are safe for the human body.
かくして得られる本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、そのままの状態で、または必要により、適当な袋や、薬剤が揮散可能な開口容器に入れた状態で、穀物等が保存・保管される場所、例えば穀物倉庫の中や、家庭用の保存庫ないし保存容器の中に設置することができる。そして、本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤の有効成分は、自然に又は送風、加熱等の手段で強制的に揮散、燻蒸させることによって効果を奏することができる。 The grain and dry matter insect repellent of the present invention thus obtained is stored or stored as it is, or, if necessary, in a suitable bag or in an open container where the chemical can be volatilized. For example, it can be installed in a grain warehouse or in a domestic storage or storage container. And the active ingredient of the insect repellent for cereals and dry matter according to the present invention can exert its effect naturally or by forcibly evaporating and fumigating by means such as blowing and heating.
次に実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に何ら制約されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Next, although an Example is given and this invention is demonstrated in more detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these Examples.
実 施 例 1
表1に記載したテルペン系化合物を下記の処方で、下記の製法により、ゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤を調製した。この穀物・乾物用防虫剤について、下記防虫試験装置を用いる試験方法によりその効果を調べた。この結果も表1に示す。
Example 1
Gel-like grains and dry insect repellents were prepared by the following method using the terpene compounds described in Table 1 according to the following formulation. The effect of this insect repellent for grain and dry matter was examined by a test method using the following insect repellent test equipment. The results are also shown in Table 1.
<処方>
成分 化合物 重量部
テルペン系化合物 表1のテルペン系化合物 5
ゲル化剤 カラギーナン 2.5
ゲル化助剤 塩化ナトリウム 0.5
その他 水 残量
合計 100
<Prescription>
Ingredient Compound Weight part Terpene compound Terpene compound of Table 1 5
Gelling agent Carrageenan 2.5
Gelling aid Sodium chloride 0.5
Other Total remaining water 100
<製法>
カラギーナン及び塩化ナトリウムを水に分散させ、80℃以上に加熱して溶解し、60℃まで冷却させた。次いで、テルペン系化合物を加え、撹拌しながら各成分が均一になるよう分散させた。これをゲル化しない状態で容器に充填し、室温下で自然冷却させてゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤を調製した。
<Production method>
Carrageenan and sodium chloride were dispersed in water, dissolved by heating to 80 ° C. or higher, and cooled to 60 ° C. Next, a terpene compound was added, and the components were dispersed so as to be uniform while stirring. This was filled in a container without gelation and allowed to cool naturally at room temperature to prepare a gel-like insecticide for grain and dry matter.
<防虫試験装置>
図1及び図2に示した試験装置を用いて評価した。すなわち試験区2と対照区3(両方ともに、サイズが内径約123mm×深さ80mmのポリプロピレン製円筒容器:NEOKEPER890ml(ラストロウェア社製))は、通路パイプ4(サイズ:外径25mm×長さ100mm、厚さ2mm)で結合されており、試験害虫が2つの試験区を自由に行き来できるようになっている。また試験区2内には、直径4.6cmのシャーレ5と直径4cmの球状虫かご6が、対照区3には、試験区2内に設置されたものと同形のシャーレ5がそれぞれ設置されている。そして、図2に示されるように、通路パイプ4上部には、サイズ600mm×200mmの空気孔7(綿布で覆われており、試験害虫の通り抜けはできない)が形成されているため、試験区2で揮散した防虫剤が通路パイプ4を伝わって対照区3に移動することはないものである。
<Insect repellent test equipment>
Evaluation was performed using the test apparatus shown in FIGS. That is, the
<防虫試験方法>
上記した試験装置を用い、まず試験区2及び対照区3の蓋8を開け、シャーレ5に穀物としてコメ2gを入れ、それぞれ図1に示す位置に設置した。次に、虫かご6に上記したゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤を15mm×15mm×15mm(1.2g)の大きさに切ったものを入れ、それを試験区2に設置した。そして、対象害虫であるノシメマダラメイガを炭酸ガスで麻酔をかけながら、試験区2と対照区3にそれぞれ10匹ずつ計20匹入れた。その後、両区の蓋を閉め、試験装置を25℃×60%RHの恒温恒湿室に入れ、暗室状態にして48時間放置した。放置後、殺虫数及び忌避虫数(対照区3にいる虫の数)を数えて、防虫率を下記の式(1)式にしたがって算出した。同様な試験をコクゾウムシに対しても実施した。
防虫率(%)=((忌避虫数+殺虫数)/全投入虫数)×100
<Insect repellent test method>
Using the test apparatus described above, first, the
Insect control rate (%) = ((repellent number + number of insecticides) / total number of insects input) x 100
<結果>
表1の結果から分かるように、本発明のテルペン系化合物を用いた穀物・乾物用防虫剤1〜22は、いずれも防虫率が高く、穀物等の害虫に対する防虫効果に優れたものであることが確認できた。
As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the pesticidal and
実 施 例 2
下記表2の処方に示される成分を用い、下記製法により混合して、ゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤を調製した。得られたゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤について、下記方法で防虫試験を行った。この結果を表3に示す。
Example 2
Using the components shown in the formulation of Table 2 below, mixing was carried out by the following production method to prepare a gel-like cereal / dry matter insecticide. The insect-proof test was performed by the following method about the obtained gel-like grain and dry matter insecticide. The results are shown in Table 3.
<製法>
エタノールにテルペン系化合物、非イオン系界面活性剤、トウガラシ色素を加えて溶解させた。これにヒドロキシプロピル化グアーガムを加えて均一に分散させた後、撹拌しながら水を加え、これを容器に充填して本発明のゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤を調製した。
<Production method>
A terpene compound, a nonionic surfactant, and a pepper dye were added to ethanol and dissolved. Hydroxypropylated guar gum was added thereto and dispersed uniformly, and then water was added with stirring, and this was filled into a container to prepare the gel-like cereal / dry matter insect repellent of the present invention.
<防虫試験方法>
このゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤を実施例1で示した防虫試験装置を用い、実施例1の防虫試験方法と同様に防虫試験を行った。対象害虫としては、ノシメマダラメイガ及びコクゾウムシを用いた。
<Insect repellent test method>
Using this insect-repellent test apparatus shown in Example 1, the insect-proof test was conducted in the same manner as the insect-control test method of Example 1. As the target pests, Noshime-madagai and Bokuzoushi were used.
<結果>
表3の結果から分かるように、実施例2の穀物・乾物用防虫剤の防虫率は高く、穀物等の害虫に対する防虫効果に優れたものであることが確認できた。 As can be seen from the results in Table 3, the insect repellent rate of the cereal / dry matter insect repellent of Example 2 was high, and it was confirmed that the insect repellent effect against pests such as cereals was excellent.
実 施 例 3
上記実施例2と同じゲル状の穀物・乾物用防虫剤50gを上面開口のポリカーボネート製の筒状容器(サイズ:直径40mm、高さ80mm)に入れ、米20kgの入った容量約22リットル(サイズ:240mm×410mm×225mm)の米保存容器内に設置したところ4ヶ月間防虫効力を発揮した。また、4ヶ月後にはゲル状防虫剤のゲルは収縮した状態となり、薬剤効力の終了時点も容易に判別することができた。
Example 3
50 g of the same gel-like cereal / dry matter insecticide as in Example 2 above is placed in a polycarbonate cylindrical container (size: 40 mm diameter, 80 mm height) with an opening on the top, and a capacity of about 22 liters (size) containing 20 kg of rice. : 240 mm × 410 mm × 225 mm) when placed in a rice storage container, the insecticidal effect was exhibited for 4 months. Further, after 4 months, the gel-like insect repellent gel was in a contracted state, and the end point of the drug efficacy could be easily determined.
本発明の穀物・乾物用防虫剤は、穀物や乾物に発生する害虫に対し、優れた防虫効果を発揮し、しかも人体に対して安全であるため、穀物や乾物が保管ないし保存される倉庫や保存容器の内部に好適に設置できる。特に安全性が高いので、家庭用保存庫、家庭用保存容器の中に好適に適用されることにより、優れた防虫剤として使用できる。 The insecticide for cereals and dry matter of the present invention exhibits an excellent insecticidal effect against pests generated on cereals and dry matter, and is safe for the human body. It can be suitably installed inside the storage container. Since it is particularly safe, it can be used as an excellent insect repellent by being suitably applied to a domestic storage container or a domestic storage container.
また特にゲル状製剤とした場合は、穀物等の収納容器内にテルペン系化合物等が流れ出て、穀物等を濡らしてしまう等の問題を無くすことができ、さらに収納容器内に有効成分を安定に揮散させることができ、またゲルの減少度合いを目視観察することにより作用の終点が判断できるので、穀物・乾物用の防虫のために好適に使用できる。 In particular, in the case of a gel-like preparation, it is possible to eliminate problems such as terpene compounds flowing out into the storage container for grains, etc., and wetting the grains, etc. In addition, the active ingredient can be stably stored in the storage container. Since the end point of the action can be determined by visually observing the degree of gel reduction, it can be suitably used for insect protection for grains and dry matter.
1・・・・試験装置
2・・・・試験区
3・・・・対照区
4・・・・通路パイプ
5・・・・シャーレ
6・・・・虫かご
7・・・・空気孔
8・・・・蓋
以 上
DESCRIPTION OF
that's all
Claims (14)
14. A method for controlling cereals and dry matter insects, wherein the insecticide for cereals and dry matter according to claim 1 is applied to a storage or storage place for cereals or dry matter.
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