JP2005052102A - Seed bed material using branch and leaf of green tree as raw material and method for controlling raising of seedling by using the same material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a seed bed material using branches and leaves of a green tree such as trimmed branches and leaves and enables remarkable prolongation of adequate time of transplantation of seedlings while suppressing excess growth of the seedlings by only using the material. <P>SOLUTION: (1) Branches and leaves of the green tree such as street tree are trimmed and (2) the branches and leaves are ground by a tub grinder, or the like, and (3) the ground branches and leaves are piled up and cutting back of the piled up branches and leaves is carried out once or several times and (4) the ground materials are fermented and matured while keeping the ground material at about 60-70 °C and (5) the treated materials are sieved and the sieve-through material is acquired as the seed bed material and only the seed bed material is put in a nursery container and sown and adequately watered. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a nursery material made from branches and leaves generated by pruning green trees in street trees, parks, gardens, and the like, and a seedling control method for controlling the growth of plant seedlings using the seedbed material.

  When pruning green trees such as street trees and parks / gardens, a large amount of branches and leaves are generated. Conventionally, most of pruned branches and leaves have been discarded as industrial waste and incinerated. However, recently, incineration treatment tends to be prohibited due to adverse effects on the environment such as air pollution associated with the incineration treatment.

  In recent years, paying attention to the nutritional components of living trees such as pruned branches and leaves, the pruned branches and leaves are crushed to produce compost from the pulverized product, and the compost has been used as a soil improver. For example, in the cultivation of vegetables and flower buds, the compost is used as an organic material. In the case of such an organic material, the C / N ratio is usually in the range of 30 to 35, and when applied to a field, it is used in combination with nitrogen fertilizer, nitrogen-rich livestock manure compost, or the like.

  On the other hand, when compost made from the pruned branches and leaves is used as vegetable seedling soil or flower pot soil, about 30 to 40% of the compost is mixed. That is, when compost made from pruned branches and leaves is used as soil for raising seedlings, it has always been mixed with soil.

  In addition, the pruning material has been used for cultivation of fungi such as chip-shaped and used as a medium for perennial koji, or composted after cultivation of fungi and used as a soil improvement material.

  In recent years, in the case of raising seedlings in vegetable cultivation as described above, the use of cell molded seedlings has increased rapidly, but since cell molded seedlings produce seedlings with high density, seedlings are easy to grow, and the appropriate planting time for seedlings is usually It is as short as a few days to a week, and after that, the commercial value as a seedling is lost.

  In addition, to cope with the above-mentioned problems, plant hormonal agents that suppress seedling length, such as uniconazole (plant growth regulator), are sprayed on the leaves of cell-molded seedlings, making the stem length of seedlings suitable for transplantation. However, yellowing of the cotyledons and dwarfing of the strength of the seedlings are likely to occur, resulting in a new problem that the yield of healthy seedlings is reduced.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a nursery material made of green tree branches and leaves such as pruned branches and the like, and a seedling control method capable of significantly extending the appropriate planting period while suppressing seedling length using only the material. There is to do.

  The present invention according to claim 1, after pulverizing the branches and leaves cut from the green tree, depositing the pulverized product, turning it one or more times, fermenting and ripening while maintaining the pulverized product at a predetermined temperature It is related with the nursery material obtained by this.

  The cutting of the green tree branches and leaves is usually performed as a pruning operation, but may be performed for the purpose of obtaining a raw material for producing the nursery material of the present invention.

  In the present invention described in claim 2, the fermentation temperature of the nursery material described in claim 1 is set in the range of 60 to 70 ° C.

  The present invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that the nursery material according to claim 1 or claim 2 is characterized in that an organic material is separately mixed in the nursery material.

  Examples of the organic material include compost made from materials other than peat moss, pruning materials such as bark compost and cow manure compost, rice bran, and rice husk.

  The organic material is intended to improve the moisture retention and air permeability of the nursery material, but the organic material is mixed to such an extent that the seedling control action described later by the nursery material using the cut branches and leaves as a raw material does not fade. It is preferable to do this.

  The present invention according to claim 4 is a seedling control method using the seedbed material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nursery material is not mixed with soil. Only materials are put in a seedling container, and seeds of plants are sown in the container, and then watered.

  The present invention according to claim 5 is a seedling control method using the seedbed material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nursery material is not mixed with soil. The seedbed material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is allowed to germinate by placing the seeds in a seeding container, sowing the seeds of the plant in the container and irrigating, and mixing the seedbed material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 with soil. Only the material is put into a seedling container, and the sprouted seedling is transplanted into the seedling container, and then watered.

  The present invention described in the above-described claims has been made in view of the following points.

  It is generally practiced to grind pruned branches and leaves into compost and mix with soil to form a nursery bed and raise seedlings on the seedbed, but the inventors of the present application pulverize and ferment pruned branches and leaves. It has been found that by using only the seeds as seedling material, the length of the seedlings is suppressed, and the appropriate planting period for a long time is secured as a healthy seedling without causing yellowing of the seedlings.

  That is, the pruning material such as the pruned branches and leaves of the green tree is the living body of the plant itself, not the fallen leaves or the litter. Therefore, the nutrient elements are accumulated in the living body, and the fermented material is used as compost. . And the progress of composting breaks down the sugars and proteins in the pruned wood, decomposes hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in this order, and the activities of mesophilic bacteria and fungi, thermophilic bacteria and filamentous fungi become vigorous. Aging progresses. For this reason, composted products contain a large amount of nutrient elements necessary for plant growth in a water-soluble form, and retain enough nutrients to allow plant seedlings to grow without additional fertilizers. .

  However, the present inventor has found that what is fermented after pulverizing the pruned material such as the pruned branch leaves not only acts as the above-mentioned compost but also has the effect of suppressing the plant seedling length, It has been devised to use fermented raw materials as raw materials for controlling seedlings that are not mixed with soil.

  Therefore, in the seedling control method of the present invention, the seeds are germinated only by sowing seeds of plants, sufficiently irrigating, and appropriately performing water management, and depending on the size of the seedling container, that is, raising seedlings. Depending on the amount of the seedbed material of the present invention placed in the container, the seedling grows up to a certain size, and then the seedling grows to a certain size and remains healthy for almost 9 months or more without being grown. It becomes the state of. When this seedling is planted in another container or field containing a culture material such as soil, it begins to grow vigorously and finally grows in the same growth state as normal transplantation cultivation.

  In the present invention according to claim 4 or claim 5, examples of the seedling raising container include a cell tray, and the cell tray includes various ones such as 72 holes, 128 holes, 144 holes, and the like. Appropriate selection may be made according to the variety, cropping period, and the like. In addition, the seedbed material of the present invention can also be used as a seeding floor material by laying on a seeding floor (parent floor) tray until replanting in the cell tray.

  According to the seedbed material of the present invention and the seedling control method using the seedling material, the nutrient elements necessary for seedling growth are supplied, and the seedling length is effectively suppressed, so that the optimal planting time is significantly larger than before. It will be possible to supply healthy seedlings throughout the year. In addition, problems such as yellowing of seedlings and dwarfing of the seedlings when using a plant hormone agent such as uniconazole P are conventionally not caused. Therefore, various seedling operations such as vegetables and flower buds can be easily performed, and large-scale seedling can be performed even with a small number of people as the seedling is appropriately planted.

  Moreover, since the nursery material of the present invention sufficiently includes nutrients necessary for raising seedlings as described above, it is not necessary to add other culture materials, fertilizers, etc., and there is no need for pH adjustment.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the gist thereof.

  First, an embodiment of the production of the nursery material will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, a commercially available tab grinder having an outer blade with a hole of about 3 cm is formed on the pruned branches and leaves produced when the branches and leaves of a green tree are pruned (1), for example. Crushing (2), depositing the pulverized product (3), and turning the deposit a plurality of times so that the fermentation temperature of the deposit is in the range of 60 to 70 ° C. -After fermenting (ripe) (4), this was passed through a sieve of about 5 mm eyes (5), and the passing material was obtained as a nursery material.

  Table 1 shows the results of analyzing the amount of nutrient elements contained in the nursery material.

  As shown in Table 1, since the pH of the nursery material is 7.3 (neutral), it is not necessary to adjust the pH of the nursery material in particular. The nursery material contains a large amount of potassium, calcium, and magnesium, which are essential elements for plant growth, in a water-soluble form. Moreover, C / N ratio is 16.5 and has the same characteristics as fully matured compost. Therefore, the seedbed material is capable of mineralizing nitrogen during the seedling cultivation period, and has the ability to supply nitrogen, which is an essential element.

  Next, a seedling control method using the seedbed material will be described. In the present embodiment, the seedbed material in which a 72-hole cell tray is used and each seedling cell is kept in a proper moisture state (a level of wetness) is fixed. Put in quantities. That is, only the seedbed material is put into each seedling cell without mixing with soil. And after seeding a plant seed in each seedling cell containing only the seedbed material, watering is performed.

  In the seedling control method, an appropriate amount of other organic materials such as peat moss, bark compost, and rice husk may be mixed into the seedbed material. In addition, during the raising seedling period, the seedling material of the present invention that uses pruned branches and leaves as a raw material is laid on the bottom surface of the cell tray to avoid excessive drying of the seedling. ), The seedling grows greatly in the cell tray without sufficient root pot formation in the seedling cell of the cell tray. Moreover, in order to avoid such a thing, you may make it leave a fixed space | interval (air pruning) between the bottom face of a cell tray, and the ground.

  Next, an example in which the present invention is applied to leaflet growth of leaf lettuce green wave, leaf lettuce red fire and salad vegetables will be described.

  The seedbed material mentioned above is filled in a sowing bed (parent floor) tray, sowing leaf lettuce, green wave, leaf lettuce, red fire is conducted on March 22, 2003, and soy sauce is seeded on April 13, 2003. It was.

  And the above-mentioned seedbed material was put into a 72-well cell tray in an appropriate moisture state (a level that feels wet), and budding in the sowing bed (parent floor) tray and became the 4-5 leaf stage. Each vegetable seedling was transplanted to a 72-well cell tray on April 22, 2003.

  In addition, in FIG. 1, it is transplanted in the order of leaf lettuce green wave, leaf lettuce red fire, and salad vegetables from the left side of the cell tray.

  Thereafter, the seedling state of each vegetable was observed (see FIG. 1). State of seedlings on day 7 (FIG. 1-A), day 36 (FIG. 1-B), day 50 (FIG. 1-C), day 65 (FIG. 1-D) after transplantation to the cell tray In comparison, all of the seedlings of the vegetables kept almost the same size after the 36th day after transplanting, and no chief was seen. Moreover, the seedlings of each vegetable were in a healthy state 65 days after transplanting to the cell tray. That is, 65 days after transplanting means that 96 days have passed after sowing in leaf lettuce green wave and leaf lettuce redfire, and 84 days have passed after sowing in salad vegetables. The state continued. This means that the optimal planting period was over 40 days from the 25th day to the 65th day after transplanting, and usually the optimal planting period for each vegetable was from several days to about one week, It was confirmed that the seedling chief was completely prevented and the planting time was greatly expanded.

  In addition, for the leaf lettuce green wave, the seedling material is separately filled in a seeding bed tray, seeded on October 26, 2002, and the seedling is transplanted into a 72-well cell tray on February 23, 2003. For 79 days (199 days after sowing). The state of the seedlings that have been raised is shown in FIG. Chimasanchu was also sown on August 14, 2002 on a seed bed filled with the seedbed material, transplanted to a cell tray on August 17, 2002, and raised for 269 days (272 days after sowing). The state of the grown seedling is shown in FIG. In the case of this chimasanchu, since it grew to a seedling that can be planted around the 18th day after transplanting, the suitable planting period was a long period of 250 days or more from the 18th day to the 269th day after transplanting. Moreover, as shown to FIG. 2-A and B, the root pot of any seedling is a very healthy seedling with a thick root fully developed.

  As described above, in the case of the above-mentioned seedling raising, after the plant germinates, after growing up to 4 to 5 leaves, the growth of the seedling is not controlled at all, and the seedling itself is longer than 9 months. It was in a very healthy state over the period. This means that the nursery material according to the present invention sufficiently contains nutrients necessary for seedling growth, while a substance having a function of controlling seedling growth (such as a hormone) or a repellent substance or It is thought to be due to the inclusion of multisensitizing substances. Such a substance is contained in the seedling material obtained by fermenting and ripening the branches and leaves cut from green trees such as the above-mentioned pruned branches and leaves, and the balance between the growth of seedlings and their suppression, that is, the growth It is thought that the control function was brought about by fermentation and ripening of the branches and leaves.

  The nursery material of the present invention and the seedling control method using the same can be used for raising seedlings of various plants in addition to vegetables and flower buds.

It is a photograph which shows the seedling raising control state of the 7th day after transplanting. It is a photograph which shows the seedling raising control state of the 36th day after transplanting. It is a photograph which shows the seedling raising control state on the 50th day after transplanting. It is a photograph which shows the seedling raising control state on the 65th day after transplanting. It is a photograph which shows the root pot formation state in the leaf lettuce green wave seedling. It is a photograph which shows the root pot formation state in a Chimasanchu seedling. It is a figure which shows the manufacturing process of the nursery material in embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1: Pruning of branches and leaves 2: Pruning of pruned branches and leaves 3: Accumulation of pulverized material 4: Maturation and fermentation of sediment 5: Screening of fermented material

Claims (5)

  A nursery material obtained by pulverizing branches and leaves cut from a green tree, depositing the pulverized product, turning one or more times, and fermenting and ripening the pulverized product while maintaining the predetermined temperature.   The nursery material according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation temperature is in the range of 60 to 70 ° C.   The nursery material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an organic material is separately mixed with the nursery material.   A seedling control method using the nursery material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the nursery material is not mixed with soil, and only the nursery material is placed in a nursery container, and the container A seedling control method characterized by irrigating water after seeding a plant seed. A seedling control method using the seedbed material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein only the seedbed material is put in a seeding container without mixing the seedbed material with soil, Germinating by seeding plant seeds and irrigating them, putting only the nursery material into the nursery container without mixing the nursery material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 with the soil, A seedling control method characterized by irrigating after transplanting the germinated seedling into a container.

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