JP2005002575A - Water supply type water retentive paving - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a water supply type water retentive paving capable of increasing water retentive efficiency and water supply effect. <P>SOLUTION: The water supply type water retentive paving comprises a water retentive mixture layer 2 forming the surface layer of a road, a water supply base 3 provided downward of the water retentive mixture layer 2 to supply water to the water retentive mixture layer 2, a water supply material 4 capable of impregnating moisture 91 provided on the downward side of the water supply base 3 and a water storage section 7 for storing the moisture 91 supplied to the water supply material 4, and the water supply type water retentive paving 1 cooling the road surface 7 by supplying the moisture 91 supplied to the water supply material 4 from the water storage section 7 to the water retentive mixture layer 2 through the water supply base 3 is formed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water supply type water retaining pavement having a function of absorbing and retaining moisture in a pavement.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, the heat island phenomenon has become a problem, but the main causes are heat storage of asphalt pavement and concrete structures, increase of radiant heat due to reflection, increase of exhaust heat due to air conditioning of buildings, etc. and gas heat exhausted by vehicles The influence of. In efforts in the asphalt pavement field to mitigate the heat island phenomenon, the development of technology to lower the pavement surface temperature is underway, and as one of them, development, performance experiments and implementation work of water-retaining pavement are currently underway . Here, a water-retaining pavement is a pavement that has the function of absorbing and retaining moisture in the pavement.For example, rainwater is retained in the pavement, and the rainwater that evaporates in fine weather is evaporated to remove vaporization heat. This is a pavement capable of lowering the pavement surface temperature.
[0003]
In the prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1, an invention relating to the structure of a water-retaining pavement is disclosed. That is, a water-impervious sheet d (or water-permeable sheet) and a water-absorbing sheet c such as a nonwoven fabric are laid on the roadbed e, a sand layer b is provided on the water-absorbing sheet c, and a water-permeable pavement a having a water-absorbing function is provided on the sand layer b. It is a road with a laid structure. A side groove f is provided along the end of the paved road, and the bottom end of the water absorbent sheet c is immersed in the side groove f (hereinafter, the road having such a structure is referred to as a “prior art road”) (FIG. 5).
According to the road having such a structure, when the road surface is in a dry state, a part of rainwater accumulated in the side groove f is absorbed by the water absorbent sheet c, and the absorbed water is permeable to the pavement a by utilizing the capillary action of the sand layer b. To keep the road surface wet, and at the same time, the water can be sequentially evaporated from the road surface to cool the road surface.
[0004]
On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention relating to a road having a structure in which a crushed stone reservoir is formed directly under pavement, and a water absorbent sheet is laid in a longitudinal direction over the entire surface of the reservoir (hereinafter referred to as such). The road of the structure is called “patent literature road”) (not shown).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-45206 A
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional water-retaining pavement described above has the following problems.
<A> In the prior art road, it is necessary to secure the required sand layer b thickness so that the water absorbent sheet c does not break due to traffic load or the like, but when the sand layer b thickness becomes thick, the capillary action of the sand layer b It becomes difficult to supply the water content of the water-absorbent sheet c to the water-permeable pavement a from the limit of performance.
<B> In the prior art road, since the thickness of the sand layer b cannot be increased from the viewpoint of securing the capillary action performance of the sand layer b, the distance between the water absorbent sheet c provided under the sand layer b and the water-permeable pavement a is shortened. In such a case, in summer when the road surface temperature of the water-permeable pavement a is high, the road surface temperature affects the water absorbent sheet c, and the water evaporation from the water absorbent sheet c is excessive. Can cause problems such as violence.
<C> In patent literature roads, a water-absorbing sheet is laid in a wavy shape in the crushed stone reservoir, but such laying construction is difficult, and the problem is that it is difficult to damage the sheet and to ensure quality during construction. It is likely to occur.
[0007]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described conventional problems, and ensures the supply of moisture from the water supply material (water supply sheet) to the water retention mixture layer while preventing damage to the water supply material (water supply sheet). It aims at providing the water supply type water-retaining pavement which can be carried out. Furthermore, it aims at providing the water supply type water-retaining pavement which the installation construction of a water supply material is easy, the water supply material at the time of construction is hard to be damaged, and quality can be ensured.
The present invention achieves at least one of these objects.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the water supply type water retaining pavement of the present invention is provided with a water retaining mixture layer constituting a surface layer of a road and a water retaining mixture layer provided below the water retaining mixture layer. A water supply base plate, a water supply material that can be impregnated with water provided under the water supply base plate, and a water storage unit for storing water to be supplied to the water supply material, supplied from the water storage unit to the water supply material It is a water supply type water retention pavement characterized by supplying water to the water retention mixture layer through the water supply roadbed.
[0009]
Further, the water supply type water-retaining pave described above is configured such that a water supply material in which one end of the water supply material is immersed in the water stored in the water storage portion is spaced in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the water supply material extending from the water storage portion. It can be set as the water supply type water-retaining pavement characterized by being provided in plurality.
[0010]
Moreover, in the water supply type water retentive pavement described above, the water supply roadbed can be a water supply type water retentive pavement characterized in that a material having a water supply function is used as a constituent component.
[0011]
Further, the water supply type water-retaining pavement described above includes a water supply roadbed composed of masa soil, a lime-based solidifying agent, a ceramic fine aggregate having a water supply performance, and a hardening accelerator made of calcium chloride. It can be set as the water supply type water-retaining pavement characterized by this.
[0012]
Furthermore, in the water supply type water retentive pavement described above, the water retentive mixture layer can be a water supply type water retentive pavement characterized by blending at least an inorganic mineral powder having water retention performance.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
<I> Water-supply type water-retaining pavement The water-supply-type water-retaining pavement 1 of the present invention is provided under the water-retaining mixture layer 2 and the water-retaining mixture layer 2 constituting the surface layer of the road, and moisture 91 is added to the water-retaining mixture layer 2. It is comprised from the water supply channel board 3 to supply, the water supply material 4 which can be impregnated with the water | moisture content 91 provided under the water supply channel board 3, and the water storage part 7 for storing the water | moisture content 91 supplied to the water supply material 4 (refer FIG. 1). ). The water supply material 4 is installed on the lower roadbed 5, and the lower layer roadbed 5 is installed on the roadbed 6.
[0015]
Compared with a conventional water-retaining pavement, the water-supplying water-retaining pavement 1 of the present invention uses a water supply roadbed 3 with improved water retention performance of the water retention mixture layer 2 and water supply performance as a component of the road. The point is greatly different. Moreover, it is good for the water storage part 7 which is one of the structural elements of the water supply type water-retaining pavement 1 to be provided along the extending direction of the road surface 8 in the road surface 8 edge part (or road 8 edge part vicinity). .
Further, by ensuring a predetermined roadbed thickness, the water supply roadbed 3 can form a road structure in which the water supply material 4 installed in the lower part thereof is not easily damaged or broken by traffic load on the road surface 8.
On the other hand, when the water supply roadbed is composed of a sand layer as in the conventional case, and the water-retaining pavement road is constructed with the water supply roadbed set to a predetermined roadbed thickness, the moisture generated from the limit of capillary action performance is increased. Problems such as inability to supply can occur. The water supply roadbed 3 according to the present invention can eliminate such a problem because it uses a ceramic fine aggregate having moisture supply performance as a constituent component as described later.
[0016]
<B> Water retention mixture layer The water retention mixture layer 2 is a pavement constituting the surface layer of the water supply type water retention pavement 1 of the present invention. The water retention mixture layer 2 is preferably manufactured by blending an inorganic mineral powder having a water retention performance and cement milk.
The chemical component composition of the inorganic mineral powder used in the present invention can be produced by setting the weight percentage of SiO ₂ to 37%, CaO to 12%, MgO to 22%, and the ignition liquid amount to 29%. In addition, the particle size distribution can be produced by setting the weight percentage of the sieves of 88 μm or more to 10%, the sieves 40 to 88 μm to 17%, and the sieves of 40 μm or less to 73%. Furthermore, the simple substance initial water retention of the inorganic mineral powder can be manufactured as 270% or more.
For example, sepiolite can be used as the inorganic mineral powder. Sepiolite is a natural mineral from Spain, and is an inorganic mineral powder that has the effect of absorbing moisture and releasing it into the air.
By using the water-retaining mixture layer 2 produced by the above formulation, the water retention performance is improved, so that the problem of excessive evaporation of the water 91 supplied to the water-retaining mixture layer 2 can be solved.
[0017]
<C> Water supply roadbed The water supply roadbed 3 is a roadbed for supplying the water retention mixture layer 2 with water 91 held between the water retention mixture layer 2 and a water supply material 4 described later, It is a roadbed that plays the role of upper layer roadbed in the structure of ordinary roads. In addition, the water supply roadbed 3 secures a predetermined roadbed thickness, thereby protecting the water supply material 4 disposed in the lower part thereof from damage caused by traffic load on the road surface 8 and the efficiency of the water supply material 4 to absorb moisture 91. It also has a role to secure. The water supply material 4 has a large number of voids inside the material, and moisture 91 is supplied into the voids. When the water supply material 4 is pressed by a traffic load or the like, the above-described gap may be destroyed and the water absorption performance of the water supply material 4 may be reduced. Therefore, the load distribution base 3 having the required strength (hardness) and thickness is used to achieve a load distribution effect and to reduce the load transmitted to the water supply material 4, thereby ensuring the water absorption performance of the water supply material 4. It becomes possible.
The water supply roadbed 3 can be manufactured by blending masa soil, a lime-based solidifying agent, an additive, calcium chloride used as a hardening accelerator, and water as a roadbed material.
Here, the intensity | strength of the water supply channel board 3 is securable by mix | blending a lime type solidifying agent. The solidifying agent is preferably added in an amount corresponding to a uniaxial compressive strength of the water supply roadbed 3 of 0.98 N / mm ² (10-day curing).
Further, it is preferable to use a ceramic fine aggregate which is a material having a function of supplying moisture 91. By blending the ceramic fine aggregate, the supply performance (capillary action performance) of moisture 91 can be improved. The ceramic fine aggregate is preferably classified by particle size classification while firing at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher, and a ceramic fine aggregate having a particle diameter of 0.5 mm to 10 mm is preferably used. Moreover, it is good for the mixture ratio with respect to the total mass of the mass of ceramic type | system | group fine aggregate and solidification agent to be about 1-15% of mass ratio.
Calcium chloride used as a hardening accelerator should have a blending ratio of about 0.3% by mass with respect to the total mass of dried masa soil, solidifying agent, and ceramic fine aggregate.
As the water, tap water can be used, and it is preferable to blend an amount that provides an optimum water content ratio of the water supply channel board 3.
[0018]
<D> Water Supply Material The water supply material 4 impregnates the water 91 (rain water, tap water, etc.) stored in the water storage section 7 and supplies the water retention mixture layer 2 with the water 91 through the water supply channel board 3 provided thereabove. Therefore, it is a component of the water supply type water retaining pavement 1 provided on the lower roadbed 5.
One end of the water supply material 4 is installed in a water storage section 7 to be described later.
By the way, the water supply material 4 can absorb the water | moisture content 91 from the water storage part 7 using the capillary action effect, and can impregnate the water | moisture content 91 on one surface of the water supply material 4. FIG. Therefore, any material having capillary action performance can be used as the water supply material 4.
As the water supply material 4, for example, a sheet material including a short fiber polyester sheet (nonwoven fabric) or a material having water absorption performance can be used. As a nonwoven fabric, a well-known bottom surface water supply nonwoven fabric, "A-200" (Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), "Coldon" (Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), etc. can be used.
[0019]
When using a non-woven fabric as the water supply material 4, it is preferable to provide a plurality of installation locations of the water storage section 7 in accordance with the water absorption performance of the non-woven fabric. Depending on the specifications of the non-woven fabric used, the water absorption performance of the non-woven fabric can be in the range of about 2 to 2.5 m from the water storage section 7 (water-impregnated section in the water storage section 7). In the road width direction, the water reservoirs 7 can be provided at intervals of 2 to 2.5 m (not shown).
[0020]
The water supply material 4 can be laid (installed) on one surface on the lower roadbed 5 (see FIG. 2), or a plurality of water supply materials 4 can be provided at intervals in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the water supply material 4 extending from the water storage section 7. (See FIG. 3). That is, since the water storage part 7 is installed along the extending direction of the road surface 8 at the end of the road surface 8 (or in the vicinity of the end of the road 8), the plurality of water supply materials 4 are spaced apart in the direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the road surface 8. It is to be installed. Therefore, in such a case, for example, the sheet-like water supply material 4 having a certain width can be laid at a predetermined interval.
By the way, when the moisture 91 is supplied upward in the water supply channel board 3, the moisture 91 is generally supplied upward with a spread not only directly above but also to the side. Therefore, the predetermined interval described above is preferably determined by the thickness of the water supply subbase 3 and the degree of lateral extension when the moisture 91 is supplied upward while spreading laterally in the water supply subbase 3. That is, as shown in FIG. 3, the water 91 is evenly supplied to the bottom of the water-retaining mixture layer 2 in consideration of the roadbed thickness of the water supply base 3 and the lateral spread of the water 91 supplied upward in the water supply base 3. Thus, the width of the water supply material 4 is determined.
[0021]
<E> Water storage part The water storage part 7 is a facility for storing water 91 to be installed along the extending direction of the road surface 8 at the end of the road surface 8 (or in the vicinity of the end of the road 8) and supplied to the water-retaining mixture layer 2. is there. For example, rainwater 9 that has fallen on the road surface 8 is accumulated in a rainwater side groove 81 provided at the end of the road surface 8, and the rainwater 9 is guided to the water storage section 7 through a water pipe 82 that connects the rainwater side groove 81 and the water storage section 7 (FIG. 1). In addition, there are various inflow paths for the rainwater 9 and the like to the water storage section 7 other than the path through the water pipe 82 described above.
The water storage section 7 can be configured by installing U-shaped grooves and box culverts (concrete products manufactured at the factory or on-site construction), or by excavating the side grooves and providing crushed stones in the side grooves. Furthermore, the water storage part 7 can also be constructed using a stacked block 71 for forming an underground space.
Here, the above-described stacked block 71 is a factory-manufactured product in which one unit is formed by a frame that forms a surface connecting a plurality of columns and the heads of the columns, and can be manufactured from, for example, a polypropylene material. FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the blocks 71 are stacked in the vertical direction so as to form a predetermined height, and the water storage unit 7 is configured by being installed at the end of the road surface 8 in the extending direction of the road surface 8. Here, by surrounding the surface of the stacked block 71 with the water shielding sheet 72, it is possible to prevent the moisture 91 stored in the block 71 from being released to the outside.
As another embodiment constituting the water storage section 7, a pipe having a plurality of notches formed on a side of a cylinder (for example, a product made of polypropylene material) is stacked in a side groove, and the pipe is The water storage part 7 can also be formed by being connected in the extending direction of the road surface 8 (not shown).
In addition, the water storage part 7 is not restrained by the above-mentioned Example, but can be selected variously.
[0022]
Further, as described above, when a non-woven fabric is used for the water supply material 4, a plurality of water storage portions 7 in the road width direction according to the water absorption performance of the non-woven fabric (therefore, a plurality of water storage portions 7 are directly below the road surface 8. 8 may be a structure of the water supply type water-retaining pavement 1 having a structure extending in the extending direction of 8). In such a case, the water storage units 7 can be connected to each other by a water conduit or the like that guides rainwater 9 (or tap water) from the water storage unit 7 provided at the end of the road surface 8 (not shown).
Even when the water reservoir 7 is provided below the road surface 8, the water reservoir 7 can sufficiently withstand a traffic load or the like by using the above-described stacked block 71 or the like.
[0023]
【Example】
An example using the above-described road constituting material is shown below. That is, the water retention mixture layer 2 thickness can be set to 5 cm, and the water supply channel board 3 thickness can be set to 15 cm. Further, the lime-based solidifying agent is blended so that the uniaxial compressive strength of the water supply roadbed 3 is 2.9 MPa, and the ceramic particles are blended in an amount of 5 to 10% (ratio to the total mass of masa soil and solidifying agent).
By creating the water supply roadbed 3 with the above composition, the distance from the top of the water retention mixture layer 2 to the water supply material 4 can be secured 20 cm, and the water supply roadbed 3 has a predetermined hardness (strength). Therefore, the load transmitted from the road surface 8 to the water supply material 4 can be remarkably reduced.
Moreover, it becomes possible to aim at the improvement of the water retention effect about 3 to 4 times compared with the conventional pavement by using the inorganic mineral powder provided with the above-mentioned component structure for the water retention mixture layer 2, and the water storage section 7. The amount of water supply from can be significantly reduced.
Furthermore, prior to the laying of the water supply material 4, there may be a case where a water shielding construction is applied to the upper surface of the lower layer roadbed 5 and a case where it is not applied. That is, when the lower layer roadbed 5 is constructed as a cement or lime-based stable treatment roadbed, the lower layer roadbed 5 can ensure water impermeability, so the possibility that moisture 91 from the water supply material 4 penetrates downward is low. Therefore, it is not necessary to water-proof the upper surface of the lower roadbed 5. On the other hand, when the lower roadbed 5 is formed using crushed stone, gravel, sand, or other single-grained crushed stone, the upper surface of the lower roadbed 5 is impermeable to prevent the water supply material 4 from penetrating moisture 91 downward. There is a need. Examples of the water-impervious construction method include a method of laying a water-impervious sheet on the upper surface of the lower roadbed 5, a method of spreading sand after spraying the emulsion (seal coat), a method of constructing multiple layers of seal coat (armor coat), etc. is there.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
Since the water supply type water-retaining pavement of the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<I> Since the water supply material is protected by the water supply roadbed having a predetermined thickness, it is possible to prevent the water supply material from being broken due to the influence of traffic load or the like.
<B> Since the water supply roadbed has water supply performance, it is difficult to cause a problem that water cannot be supplied to the water-retaining pavement due to the thickness of the water supply roadbed.
<C> A problem that the water content of the water supply material is excessively evaporated by the influence of the temperature of the water retention mixture layer because a certain interval can be ensured between the water retention mixture layer and the water supply material impregnated with water by the water supply roadbed Is unlikely to occur.
<D> By the water retention effect of the water retention mixture layer, the amount of water supplied from the water reservoir can be reduced to each stage.
<E> In the embodiment in which the water supply material is not installed on the entire surface under the road surface by utilizing the effect that water is supplied upward while spreading laterally in the water supply roadbed, the amount of the water supply material is reduced. Can do.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a water supply type water retaining pavement of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 and showing an embodiment in which water supply materials are continuously installed in the extending direction of the water storage section.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 1 and showing an embodiment in which a plurality of water supply materials are installed at intervals in the extending direction of the water storage section.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a stacked block for forming an underground space, which is an embodiment of a water storage unit.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional water-retaining pavement.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Water supply type water retention pavement 2 ... Water retention mixture layer 3 ... Water supply roadbed 4 ... Water supply material 7 ... Water storage part 8 ... Road surface 91 ... Moisture

Claims (5)

A water-retaining mixture layer constituting the surface layer of the road,
A water supply roadbed that is provided under the water retention mixture layer and supplies moisture to the water retention mixture layer,
A water supply material that can be impregnated with moisture provided under the water supply channel board;
A water storage part for storing water to be supplied to the water supply material,
The water supplied to the water supply material from the water storage section is supplied to the water retention mixture layer through the water supply channel board,
Water supply type water retention pavement. A plurality of water supply materials in which one end of the water supply material is immersed in the water stored in the water storage portion is provided at intervals in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the water supply material extending from the water storage portion,
The water supply type water-retaining pavement according to claim 1. The water supply roadbed is characterized by having a material having a moisture supply function as a constituent component,
The water supply type water-retaining pavement according to claim 1 or 2. Masa soil and
A lime-based solidifying agent;
Ceramic fine aggregate with water supply performance,
It is characterized by comprising a water supply roadbed made of a hardening accelerator made of calcium chloride,
The water supply type water-retaining pavement according to claim 1 or 2. The water retention mixture layer is formed by blending inorganic mineral powder having at least water retention performance,
The water supply type water-retaining pavement according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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