JP2004324321A - Enlarged diameter friction pile - Google Patents

Enlarged diameter friction pile Download PDF

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JP2004324321A
JP2004324321A JP2003123109A JP2003123109A JP2004324321A JP 2004324321 A JP2004324321 A JP 2004324321A JP 2003123109 A JP2003123109 A JP 2003123109A JP 2003123109 A JP2003123109 A JP 2003123109A JP 2004324321 A JP2004324321 A JP 2004324321A
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Japan
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diameter
arm
enlarged
mandrel
pile
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JP2003123109A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP3845072B2 (en
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Yuji Tadano
雄士 只野
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Individual
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an enlarged diameter friction pile provided with a plurality of diameter enlarging arms going in and out of guide holes in the outer periphery of a hollow pile body. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of guide holes 4 are opened in square shape to the outer periphery of the hollow pile body 1B provided with lining concrete 3, and the lower edge part of each guide hole 4 is formed as an obliquely downward inclined face 21. An arbor 6B held in a vertically movable manner by an arbor holder 7 fixed to the upper end inner side of the hollow pile body 1B is hung along the center axis of the hollow pile body 1B. Channel steel is cut in rectangular shape, and the lower end back face is obliquely cut off to form the diameter enlarging arm 5C. The base end part inner side of the diameter enlarging arm 5C is rotatably connected to a bracket 10 with a circular hole rigidly fixed to the arbor 6B corresponding to the guide hole 4, and the lower end of the diameter enlarging arm 5C is placed on the obliquely downward inclined face 21 of the guide hole 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、軟弱地盤における支持力を増加し、回収を可能にするために、中空杭体内に設ける拡径アームを中空杭体外周に設けたガイド孔から出入させる拡径摩擦杭に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
基礎杭には、杭先端の地盤が堅固で杭に伝達される鉛直荷重のほとんどが、その地盤に伝達される支持杭と、杭先端が粘土層中に止まり杭体表面に作用する粘性土の付着力や摩擦力によって支持される摩擦杭とがある。また、杭の種類としては、予め工場等で製作する既製杭と現場打ち杭とがある。本発明の摩擦杭は既製杭に属し、材料的には外殻鋼管付コンクリート杭(SC杭)、鋼管杭等に適するするものである。
【0003】
従来から、摩擦杭における支持力を増加したものとして、図1に示す節杭52が知られている。節杭52は、杭本体53の長手方向複数箇所に、杭本体53より大径の節部54が設けられいる。この節杭52は、アースオーガにより地盤を掘削した後、セメント系グラウトを孔内に充填し、杭を挿入する方法によって杭の周面摩擦力の増大を期待するモルタル工法などが適用される。
【0004】
また、拡径可能な既製杭として、特開2002−348859公報に、中空の既製杭の長手方向複数箇所に杭中空部内面から杭外面に貫通するガイド孔を形成し、前記杭中空部から杭外面に渡る前記ガイド孔に拡径部材を出入可能に設けることを要旨とする既製杭が提案されている。この提案では、杭中空の内径より小さい外径を有し中空杭体内に挿入され、前記ガイド孔に出入可能に設けた拡径部材の端部に当接し、拡径部材を中空杭体の内側から杭外面に押し出す内挿部材を設けている。
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
【0005】
前述した節杭においては、節部が杭の打込み抵抗を増大するので、アースオーガによるプレボーリングを必要とするだけでなく、前述のセメント系グラウトの硬化に時間を要するという問題点があった。
【0006】
また、特開2002−348859公報の拡径可能な既製杭においては、杭中空部内面から杭外面に貫通するガイド孔に出入可能に設けた拡径部材が固定されていないので、これの保持に問題点がある。また、拡径部材はガイド孔に挿入される関係上長さに限界があり、杭支持力の増加にも限界があるという問題点が考えられる。
【0007】
従来、建築物の解体に伴う杭の撤去は、コストの関係から埋め殺しにされることが多かったが、容易に引き抜き可能な杭が必要とされている。また、軟弱地盤の敷地において、土木、建築工事をする場合に車両搬入を可能にするため、覆鋼板などの仮設資材を敷き詰め足場とすることが多い。しかし、覆鋼板だけでは沈みを解消できないときもあり、このような場合に、例えば長さ3m程度の取扱いの容易な摩擦杭を足場用として打込み、その上に覆鋼板を敷き詰め重量物の搬入を可能にし、工事が終われば容易に撤去し、繰返し再利用ができる摩擦杭が要望されている。
【0008】
そこで、本発明は、上記の問題点や要望に鑑み、拡径部材である拡径アームを中空杭体内に上下摺動自在に垂下した心棒に基端部を回動自在に連結し、拡径アームが杭外周に設けたガイド孔から前記心棒の下降で突出し、心棒の上昇で引っ込み、拡径を可能にした摩擦杭を提供することを目的にしている。
【課題を解決するための手段】
【0009】
本発明の請求項1に係る拡径摩擦杭は、中空杭体と、この中空杭体の長手方向の複数箇所に内方から外方に四角形に開口し、下縁部を斜め下向き傾斜面にし、この斜め下向き傾斜面の両側に左、右側壁を形成した複数のガイド孔と、前記中空杭体の中心軸線に沿って上下摺動自在に垂下した心棒と、前記心棒に基端部を回動自在に連結する溝形鋼を長方形に切断し形成する複数の拡径アームとから成り、前記ガイド孔下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面に前記拡径アームの下端部を載置し、拡径摩擦杭としたものである。
【0010】
また、請求項2の拡径摩擦杭は、前記中空杭体が、内周面から突出しない断面I形の挟み板取付片を直径に沿って上部内周面に固着し、前記挟み板取付片の前面と後面に挟み板の両端部を前記挟み板取付辺の上部片と下部片の間に挿入して取り付け、前記挟み板の中央部に形成する山形凹所で前記心棒の挟持中心を形成した心棒ホルダを設けたものである。
【0011】
請求項3の拡径摩擦杭は、請求項1の拡径摩擦杭において、前記複数のガイド孔を、中空杭体に同一レベルにおいて1又は4個設けているものである。また、請求項4の拡径摩擦杭は、前記心棒が、拡径アーム取付用の上面が開口した鈎止孔を形成したフック形ブラケット又は拡径アーム取付用の円孔を設けた円孔付ブラケットを側面に垂直に固設したものである。
【0012】
請求項5の拡径摩擦杭は、請求項1の拡径摩擦杭において、前記複数の拡径アームが、下端部裏面を斜め下向き傾斜面にしたものである。請求項6の拡径摩擦杭は、前記複数の拡径アームが、長方形に切断した溝形鋼の基端部内側に横軸を固着し、この横軸の中間部左右にフランジを併設し、前記フック形ブラケットの鈎止孔に前記フランジ間の横軸を回動自在に内嵌し、前記心棒に結合したものである。
【0013】
請求項7の拡径摩擦杭は、前記複数の拡径アームが、上端部外面に上方に突出する突片を固着し、拡径アーム水平時に前記突片の上端面が前記フック形ブラケットの鈎止孔の垂直切欠き面に当接するものにし、拡径アームが水平を保持するようにしたものである。
【0014】
請求項8の拡径摩擦杭は、前記複数の拡径アームが、長方形に切断した溝形鋼の基端部内側に左右並行に腕板を上方に突設するとともに、前記溝形鋼の上下方向と直交に円形取付孔を連通に設け、この円形取付孔と前記円孔付ブラケットの円孔とに連通するボルトを介し前記円孔付ブラケットに回動自在に連結し、前記左右平行な腕板の上端に固着した上端板が、拡径アーム水平時に円孔付ブラケットより上方位置で前記心棒に当接するものにし、拡径アームが水平を保持するようにしたものである。
【0015】
請求項9の拡径摩擦杭は、長方形の下端部裏面を下方へ斜めに切り落とした平面視四角形のアームの上端部に左右平行に腕板を突設し、この腕板の先端部下面を前記アームの上面延長線に沿って切欠面にした左右の拡径アームを、前記腕板を交叉し前記心棒を貫通するボルト・ナットにより回動自在に結合し、前記中空杭体の外周に角度180度隔て同一レベルに開口する前記ガイド孔下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面に、前記アームの下端を載置したものである。
【0016】
【実施例】
次に、実施例について図面を参照して説明する。図2は、第1実施例を示し、(a)は上部を破断した拡径前の正面図、(b)は同じく拡径後の正面図、(c)は(b)の拡大平面図である。
【0017】
図2において、1Aは、先端ペンシル形の円筒形中空杭体であり、鋼管2に内張コンクリート3をライニングしたSC杭である。鋼管2の一例は、厚さ6mm、外径355.6mmで、内張コンクリート3のライニング厚さは6cmである。4はガイド孔であり、中空杭体1の外周に四角形窓に開口し、図12のように、鋼板により下縁部を斜め下向き傾斜面21にし、両側に左側壁22、右側壁23を形成している。ガイド孔4に斜め下向き傾斜面21および左右の側壁22、23を形成したのは、後述する拡径アーム5A等を杭外周から横振れなく突出させるための案内にするためである。ガイド孔4は、後述の拡径アームに75×40mmの溝形鋼を使用する場合は、幅80mm、高さ200mmにしている。
【0018】
5Aは、拡径アームであり(図16も参照)、前述のガイド孔4から外方に突出するものである。6Aは心棒であり、1辺が26mmの角鋼を中空杭体1の長さより短くし、中空杭体1の上端部内側に着脱自在に設ける心棒ホルダ7で上端部を摺動自在に保持し、中空杭体1の中心軸線に沿って下方に上下動自在に垂下した。8は、ロープ掛けであり、心棒6Aの上端面に固着され、心棒6Aをウインチ等で引上げる際にロープを結合するためのものである。心棒6Aには、角鋼のほか
鋼管、八角棒鋼を用いることができる。
【0019】
心棒6Aは、図2(a)のように、中空杭体1Aの頂面から突出させない方が運搬や取扱に好ましい。図2(a)と(b)において、心棒6Aに高低差があるのは、(b)の場合が、心棒6Aの下降によって拡径アーム5Aをガイド孔4から突出するためである。この高低差は、心棒6Aの打ち込み量であり、約25cmである。
【0020】
図2におけるガイド孔4は、同一レベルに1個を配設するものであり、ガイド孔4の数は、杭長によって増減する。実施例は、最上位のガイド孔中心を頂面から700mm下方にし、以下中心間隔のピッチを435mmで配設した。また、上下のガイド孔4が反時計回りに角度40度の等間隔で一周360度に10個を配設した。中空杭体1Aの杭長は5100mmである。
【0021】
図3は、第1実施例の中空杭体1Aを一点鎖線で示し、その内部の拡径アーム取付部を示す拡大正面図である。図中、7は心棒ホルダ、8はロープ掛けであり、9は拡径アームを装着するフック形ブラケットである。フック形ブラケット9は、ガイド孔4の上縁より拡径アームの長さだけ上方部位で心棒6Aに垂直に固着している。図4は、フック形ブラケット9に拡径アーム5Aの上端部を回動自在に連結した状態を示している。
【0022】
図5は、第2実施例を示し、(a)は中間部破断の拡径前正面図、(b)は拡径後の正面図、(c)は(b)の平面図である。第2実施例は、中空杭体1Bの心棒6Bに同一レベルにおいて平面視十字状に円孔付ブラケット10(図6参照)が4個固着され、円孔付ブラケット10に1個ずつ計4個の拡径アーム5Cが取付けられている。第2実施例は、円孔付ブラケット10をフック形ブラケット9にし、拡径アーム5Cを拡径アーム5Aにしてもよい。図中、3は内張コンクリート、4はガイド孔、7は心棒ホルダである。
【0023】
図6は、第2実施例の中空杭体1Bを一点鎖線で示し、その中間部で分割し杭内部の拡径アーム取付部を示す拡大正面図である。図中の6Bは心棒、7は心棒ホルダ、8はロープ掛けであり、10は円孔付ブラケットで、拡径アーム取付用である。
【0024】
次に、図7は、第2実施例の中空杭体1Bを一点鎖線で示し、杭内部を示す正面図である。図7において、心棒6Bの円孔付ブラケット10に拡径アーム5Cの基端部を回動自在に取付けている。この場合、円孔付ブラケット10をフック形ブラケット9に変更し、拡径アーム5Cを拡径アーム5A(図16参照)又はは拡径アーム5B(図17参照)にしてもよい。図7において、杭長L1が5m、心棒6Bの長さL2が4.6m、L3が1m、拡径アーム5Cの上下配設ピッチpは1.5mである。上記寸法はこれに固定するものでなく、杭長により適宜変更する。
【0025】
図8は、第3実施例を示し、(a)は拡径後の正面図、(b)は平面図である。中空杭体1Cは、ガイド孔4が同一レベルにおいて角度180度隔てて1個ずつ配置し、さらに上下のレベルのものは、(b)のように角度90度ずらしている。ガイド孔4の上下ピッチは1mである。5Eおよび5Fは、それぞれ図9にも示す拡径アームである。
【0026】
図9は、第3実施例の中空杭体1Cを一点鎖線で示し、中間部で分割し杭内部を示す正面図である。図9中、6Cは心棒、5E、5Fは拡径アームである。拡径アーム5E、5Fは、ボルト11、ナット12で交叉状に心棒6Cに取付け、ボルト11周りに回動するようになっている。
【0027】
次に、図10、図11を参照して、心棒6Aを中空杭体1Aの軸線に沿って取り付ける心棒ホルダ7について説明する。すなわち、中空杭体1Aの内張コンクリート3の内周面から突出しない断面I形の挟み板取付片15、16を中空杭体1Aの直径に沿って上部内周面に固着する。左右の挟み板取付片15、16は、中央垂直板の上下に上部片7と下部片18を固着し、I形に形成されている。
【0028】
この上部片17と下部片18の間に挟み板13および14の両端部を挿入し、それらの両端部にボルト19を連通し、ナット20で緊締している。挟み板13、14は、中央部を山形凹所13a、14aに折曲げ、心棒6Aを挟持する挟持中心を形成する心棒ホルダ7にしている。中空杭体1B、1Cも同様に心棒ホルダ7を設け、心棒6B、6Cを同様に挟持するようになっている。
【0029】
次に、図12は,図2(a)の中簡部切断の斜視図である。同図において、4はガイド孔であり、外殻の鋼管2と内張コンクリリート3を貫通し、杭内に開口している。ガイド孔4の下縁部には、下向き傾斜角約45度の斜め下向き傾斜面を鋼板で形成し、その両側に左側壁22と右側壁23が形成されている。ガイド孔4は長さ200mm、幅80mmである。すなわち、拡径アーム5Aに75×40の溝形鋼を幅75mmで用いた場合、ガイド孔4の両側と2.5mmの間隙になるものである。
【0030】
図13は、図3の一部分を示し、(a)は拡大正面図、(b)は同じく平面図であり、フック形ブラケット9の詳細を示している。24は鈎止孔であり、25は上部開口、eは鈎止孔24中心から内方への偏心量4mmである。26はフック部であり、前記偏心量を備えた鈎止孔24の上部を形成している。鈎止孔24は、拡径アーム5A、5Bの横軸29(図16、図17参照)がフック部26によって抜けないように内嵌する孔径である。横軸29は、上部開口25の上方から垂直切欠面27に誘導されて下降し、鈎止孔24に内嵌する。
【0031】
図14は、図6の拡径アーム取付部を示し、(a)は拡大正面図、(b)は同じく平面図である。10は円孔付ブラケット10であり、外端が半円形の三角形状板を心棒6Bに角度90度ずつ変位させ,平面視十字形に固着している。円孔28には、拡径アーム5C又は5Dがボルト39(図19参照)で取り付けられる。図15は、心棒6Aにフック形ブラケット9を平面視十字形に固着したものである。
【0032】
なお、図15のフック形ブラケット9の幅は、中空杭体1Aの内径内に4個の拡径アーム5Aを連結できる寸法であり、円孔付ブラケット10の横幅も中空杭体1Bの内径内に4個の拡径アーム5Cを連結できる寸法である。
【0033】
図16は、第1実施例における拡径アーム5Aを示し、(a)は正面斜視図、(b)は背面斜視図である。拡径アーム5Aは75×40の溝形鋼を長さ375mmの長方形に切断し、下端部を土中に貫入するものにしている。29は横軸であり、拡径アーム5の上端部を水平に横断し両端を溝形鋼の内面に固着している。30、31はフランジであり、両者の間にフック形ブラケット9の鈎止孔24が位置するように、横軸31の中央部左右に併設している。フランジ30、31の間隔は、フック形ブラケット9の厚さが嵌入する間隔である。
【0034】
すなわち、フランジ30、31間の横軸29を、フック形ブラケット9の上部開口25から鈎止孔24に挿入したとき、フランジ30、31がフック形ブラケット9の両面にそれぞれ接し、拡径アーム5Aが軸29周りに回動自在に連結されるとともに、フランジ30、31によって左右に移動しないようになっている。
【0035】
また、拡径アーム5B(図17参照)の上端部外面に上方に突出する突片32を固着し、図22に示すように、拡径アーム5Aの水平時に突片32の上端面がフック形ブラケット9の垂直切欠面27に接するようになっている。このことによって、土中に貫入した拡径アーム5Aが水平を保持し、下方からの土圧を受け中空杭体1Aの沈下を止めることができる。33、33は、拡径アーム5Aの下端面であり、背面に対し直角に切断されている。34は、拡径アーム5B下端の下向き傾斜面である。
【0036】
図18は、第2実施例における拡径アーム5Cの斜視図であり、図19は、同じく拡径アーム5D4個を取付けた斜視図である。拡径アーム5Cは、75×40の溝形鋼を長方形に切断し、下端末を斜めに切り落としている。そして、上端部の内側に腕板35、36を左右並行に上方に突設するとともに、前記溝形鋼の上下方向と直交に円形取付孔37を連通に設けている。38は上端板であり、腕板35、36の後方端末を段部に高くし、その上面に固着している。
【0037】
拡径アーム5Cは、円形取付孔37と円孔付ブラケット10の円孔30とにボルト39(図19参照)を連通し、心棒6Bに回動自在に連結し、拡径アーム水平時に上端板38が拡径アーム取付側の心棒6Bの側面に当接するものにしている。なお、心棒6Bは鋼管であるが、角鋼でもよい。上述の上端板38と心棒6Bの当接によって、図27のように、ガイド孔4から水平に突出した拡径アーム5Cの下面が土圧pを受け、中空杭体1Bを支持するのである。
【0038】
図20は、第3実施例における拡径アーム5E,5Fの斜視図である。40、40は、同形に長方形の下端部裏面を斜めに切り落とした平面視四角形のアームである。41、42は、それぞれアーム40、40上端部から左右並行に上方に突設した腕板であり、腕板41、42には、アーム40、40の上面延長線m−m、n−nに沿って切欠面43を形成している。そして、腕板41、42を相互に交叉させ、ボルト11を心棒6Cに貫通しナット12を螺着し、心棒6Cに拡径アーム5E、5Fをボルト11周りに回動自在に連結している。
【0039】
次に、図21は、図2(a)における、AーA、B−B区間の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図であり、図22は拡径アーム5Aの作動を示す杭縦方向中央部の破断面図である。摩擦杭の土中への打込み前は、図21のように、拡径アーム5Aの下端部はガイド孔4の下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面21に載置され、中空杭体1A内に格納されている。この状態から心棒6Aを図22のD矢印のように下降すると、拡径アーム5Aの基端部が横軸29の中心a点周りに反時計周りに旋回しながら、拡径アーム5Aの下端部がガイド孔4の斜め下向き傾斜面21と左右の側壁22、23に誘導され、一点鎖線で示すように斜め下向き外方に突出する。
【0040】
さらに、心棒6Aを下降させると、拡径アーム5Aは二点鎖線から点線で示すようにガイド孔4から突出し、a点がa1点に移動するとともに、中空杭体1Aを下降すると、拡径アーム5Aの上面中間部がガイド孔4の上縁部に接し、図22の状態になる。図22においては、突片32の上端面がフック形ブラケット9の垂直切欠面27に接し、拡径アーム5Aが水平状態を保持する。
【0041】
図23、図24は、図2(a)の拡径アーム5Aを図17の拡径アーム5Bにした場合の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。作動は、図21、図22の場合と全く同じである。図25は、図2(b)のC−C、D−D区間に拡径アーム5Bを装着した場合の縦方向中央部の破断面図である。すなわち、拡径アーム5Bの中央部上面がガイド孔4の上縁に接し、突片32がフック形ブラケット9の垂直切欠面27に接し、拡径アーム5Bが水平を保持し、下方からの土圧を受け摩擦杭の支持力を発生する。
【0042】
図26は、図5(a)のE―E、F−F区間の杭縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図、図27は、図5(b)のG−G、H−H区間の杭縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。図26、図27において、中空杭体1B内に格納されている拡径アーム5Cが、心棒6Bを下降することによって、a点のボルト・ナット39周りに旋回し下端部がガイド孔4の斜め下向き傾斜面21上を滑り、左右の側壁22、23で左右の振れが止められ、ガイド孔4から外方に突出する。さらに心棒6Bを下降すると、前記のa点がa2点に移動し上端板38が心棒6Bの側面に接し、左右および前後の拡径アーム5Cが水平状態で拡径状態になり、土圧pを受け摩擦杭の支持力を増加する。
【0043】
図28は、第3実施例の中空杭体1C(図8参照)のI−I、J−J区間における拡径前の杭縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図、図29は同じく拡径初期状態の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。中空杭体1Cを土中に打込む前は、図28のように、横軸ボルト11で心棒6Cに回動自在に結合された拡径アーム5E、5Fの下端末が、ガイド孔4下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面21に載置している。それが、心棒6Cを下降すると、図29のように、アーム40、40の下端末がガイド孔4の斜め下向き傾斜面21に沿って外向き下方に移動する。
【0044】
心棒6Cをさらに下降すると、図30に示すように、腕板41、42がボルト11周りに下向き旋回するとともに、アーム40、40が土中に貫入する。さらに心棒6Cを下降すると、図31のように、腕板41、42の切欠面43がアーム40の上面に当接するとともに、腕板41、42の切欠面43がアーム40の上面に接し、アーム40、40が左右のガイド孔4からそれぞれ水平に土中に突出する。土中に突出したアーム40、40の下面が土圧を受け摩擦杭に支持力を発生する。図31中のa3は、腕板40、40が水平になったときのボルト11の最終位置であり、aとa3の距離が心棒6cの下降量約25cmである。
【0045】
図32は、拡径アーム5Cの設置要領の一例を示す縦方向中央部の破断面図である。すなわち、中空杭体1Bを直立にしておき、心棒6Bの前述したワイヤロープ掛け8にワイヤロープを掛け、図示省略のウィンチでワイヤロープを引上げ、心棒6Bと拡径アーム5Cを吊上げ、拡径アーム5Cの下端をガイド孔4下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面21の上方に位置させる。
【0046】
44は拡径アーム誘導板であり、図33のように、裏面中央部に掛け止め片45を固着した長さ30cm、幅7cmの長方形薄鋼板製である。拡径アーム誘導板44は、ガイド孔4から先端部を心棒6Bに近接させ中空杭体1B内に挿入し、掛け止め片45をガイド孔4の内縁部に引っ掛ける。そして、前述のようにウインチで吊上げた心棒6Bを下降すると、拡径アーム5Cの下端末が拡径アーム誘導板44の上面に載った状態となる。
【0047】
ついで、拡径アーム誘導板44の後端部を押し下げ、掛け止め片45をガイド孔4の内縁部から外し、拡径アーム誘導板44をガイド孔4から引き抜くと、拡径アーム5Cの斜め下向きの下端面がガイド孔4下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面21に載置される。
【0048】
図16の拡径アーム5A、図17の拡径アーム5Bをフック形ブラケット9に取付けるには、フック形ブラケット9をガイド孔4の正面中央部に位置させておき、拡径アーム5A、5Bの基端部をガイド孔4から中空杭体1A内に挿入し、基端部の横軸29をフック形ブラケット9の上部開口25を通過させ、鈎止孔24に内嵌する。そして、心棒6Aを上昇させ、拡径アーム5A、5Bを中空杭体1A内に引き入れ、下端部をガイド孔4下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面21上に載置する。心棒6Aのフック形ブラケット9に予め拡径アーム5A、5Bの基端部を連結している場合は、前述した拡径アーム誘導板44を用いて下端末をガイド孔4下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面21に載置すればよい。
【0049】
次に、図34は、本発明の拡径摩擦杭の打込用やとい杭の一例の中央縦断面図、図35は同じく平面図である。やとい杭46は、下端部が例えば中空杭体1Bの上端部に外嵌するキャップ部47であり、その上部が段部を介し一段小径の上部円筒部48になり、上部円筒48の中心軸線に沿って上下動するプランジヤ49を備えている。プランジヤ49は、下端面が心棒6Bのロープ掛け8に接し、図示省略の公知の杭打機等で下降させて心棒6Bを下降するようになっている。前述した心棒6A、6Cも、同様にやとい杭46のプランジヤ49で下降する。
【0050】
図36は、本発明の拡径摩擦杭の施工手順を示す鉛直断面図で、(a)は第1工程、(b)は第2工程である。図37は、中空杭体1Bを一点鎖線で示し、図36に続く施工手順を示す鉛直断面図で、(c)は第3工程、(d)は最終工程である。先ず、第1工程として本発明の拡径摩擦杭を天然地盤50に直接打込むか、杭孔51をアースオガーにより先堀りするかを決め、図5(a)第2実施例に示した中空杭体1Bを杭設置箇所に立てる。次に図36(b)の第2工程で中空杭体1Bを打込むか、ウィンチで吊上げ杭孔51に挿入する。吊上げは、図11で説明した心棒ホルダー7にワイヤロープを掛け、ウィンチでを引き上げる。そして、中空杭体1Bの上端部にやとい杭46を外嵌する。
【0051】
次に、37図(c)の第3工程で、やとい杭46を杭打ち機で下降させながらプランジヤ49も下降させる。そうすると、中空杭体1Bが地中に打込まれるとともに、心棒6Bが下降し拡径アーム5Cが天然地盤50に貫入し始める。さらに、中空杭体1Bを打込みながらプランジヤ49を下降し、最終工程として、図27(d)のように拡径アーム5Cが水平にガイド孔4から突出し天然地盤50に貫入するまで心棒6Bを下降させる。そして、やとい杭46を中空杭体1Bから取外し、拡径摩擦杭の切置を終了し、新しい拡径摩擦杭の設置場所に移動する。
【0052】
以上は、中空杭体1B、拡径アーム5C、心棒6Bについて説明したが、第1実施例の中空杭体1A、拡径アーム5A、心棒6Aについても同様に施工する。また、第3実施例の中空杭体1C、拡径アーム5E、5F、心棒6Cについても同様である。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明の拡径摩擦杭は、拡径アームが中空杭体外面から出入可能になっている。したがって、施工時には拡径アームを引っ込めた状態で埋設することができるので、打込み抵抗を小さくし施工を容易にすることができる。埋設の終期近くに拡径アームを連結する心棒を下降するという簡単な操作により、拡径アームを杭外周から水平に突出させることできる。したがって、摩擦杭の外径拡大による縦方向および横方向への支持力増加を容易に図ることができる。
【0054】
また、心棒に拡径アームの基端部を回動自在に連結する構成なので、拡径アームおよびガイド孔を同一レベルに1個、2個および4個設けることができるので、杭長、杭径および施工箇所により、拡径アームの個数、配置を広く選択することができる。また、拡径アームを中空杭体中に格納しておけるので、外周からの突出物を皆無にすることができ、保管や運搬を容易にすることができる。
【0055】
そして、心棒を引上げ拡径アームを中空杭体内に引っ込ませることができるので、摩擦杭を容易に回収し再利用することができる。とくに、軟弱地盤においては、本発明の拡径摩擦杭を打込み、覆い鋼板を支持することによって、容易に仮設足場を造ることができ、工事が終了すれば、拡径アームを中空杭体内に格納して回収し、再利用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】従来の摩擦杭の一例を示す正面図である。
【図2】本発明拡径摩擦杭の第1実施例を示し、(a)は上部を破断した拡径前の 正面図、(b)は同じく拡径後の正面図、(c)は(b)の拡大平面図である。
【図3】第1実施例の中空杭体を一点鎖線で示し、その中間部で分割し杭内部の拡径アーム取付部を示す拡大正面図である。
【図4】同じく拡径前の拡径アーム取付状態の正面図である。
【図5】本発明拡径摩擦杭の第2実施例を示し、(a)は中間部破断の拡径前正面 図、(b )は拡径後の正面図、(c)は(b)の平面図である。
【図6】第2実施例の一点鎖線で示す中空杭体を中間部で切断し、杭内部の拡 径アーム取付け部を示す拡大正面図である。
【図7】第2実施例の一点鎖線で示す中空杭体の内部を示す正面図である。
【図8】本発明拡径摩擦杭の第3実施例を示し、(a)は拡径後の正面図、(b)は 平面図である。
【図9】第3実施例の中空杭体を一点鎖線で示し、中間部で切断し杭内部を示す正面図である。
【図10】第1、第2、第3実施例の中空杭体上部を一部破断した正面図である。
【図11】K−K線矢視の断面図である。
【図12】図2(a)の中間部切断の斜視図である。
【図13】図3の拡径アーム取付部を示し、(a)は拡大正面図、(b)は同じく平面図である。
【図14】図6の拡径アーム取付部を示し、(a)は拡大正面図、(b)は同じく平面図である。
【図15】図7の拡径アーム取付部を示し、(a)は拡大正面図、(b)は同じく平面図である。
【図16】第1実施例における拡径アームを示し、(a)は正面斜視図、(b)は背面斜視図である。
【図17】第1実施例における別な拡径アームを示し、(a)は正面斜視図、(b)は背面斜視図である。
【図18】第2実施例における拡径アームの斜視図である。
【図19】第2実施例における拡径アームの取付状態を示す斜視図である。
【図20】第3実施例における拡径ア―ムの斜視図である。
【図21】図2(a)におけるA−A、B−B区間の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図22】図21における拡径アームの作動を示す縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図23】図17の拡径アームを図2(a)に取付けた場合の、A−A、B−B区間の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図24】図23における拡径アームの作動を示す縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図25】図2(b)のC−C、D−D区間の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図26】図5(a)のE−E、F−F区間の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図27】図5(b)のG−G、H−H区間の縦方向中央部の拡大断面図である。
【図28】中空杭体の中間部を縦断し第3実施例の拡径アームを示す正面図である。
【図29】同じく第3実施例の拡径アームの拡径初期状態を示す正面図である。
【図30】同じく第3実施例の拡径アームの拡径中期状態を示す正面図である。
【図31】図8のI−I、J−J区間の縦方向中央部の拡大破断面図である。
【図32】拡径アーム設置要領の一例を示す縦方向中央部の破断面図である。
【図33】図32中の一部品の裏面斜視図である。
【図34】本発明の拡径摩擦杭打込み用やとい杭の一例の中央縦断面図である。
【図35】同じく平面図である。
【図36】第2実施例の拡径摩擦杭の施工手順を示す鉛直断面図で、(a)は第 1工程、(b)は第2工程である。
【図37】同じく中空杭体を一点鎖線で示し、図36に続く施工手順を示す鉛直断面図で、(c)は第3工程、(d)は最終工程である。
【符号の説明】
1A、1B、1C 中空杭体
4 ガイド孔
5A、5B、5C 拡径アーム
5D、5E、5F 拡径アーム
6A、6B、6C 心棒
7 心棒ホルダ
9 フック形ブラケット
10 円孔付ブラケット
13 挟み板
13a 山形凹所
14 挟み板
14a 山形凹所
15 挟み板取付片
16 挟み板取付片
21 斜め下向き傾斜面
22 ガイド孔左側壁
23 ガイド孔右側壁
24 鈎止孔
27 垂直切欠面
28 円孔
29 横軸
30 フランジ
31 フランジ
34 下向き傾斜面
35、36 腕板
37 円形取付孔
38 上端板
40 アーム
41,42 腕板
43 切欠面
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a diameter-enlarged friction pile in which a diameter-enlarged arm provided in a hollow pile body enters and exits from a guide hole provided on an outer periphery of the hollow pile body in order to increase a supporting force in soft ground and enable recovery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the foundation pile, most of the vertical load transmitted to the pile at the tip of the pile is firm, and the supporting pile transmitted to the ground and the viscous soil that the pile tip stops in the clay layer and acts on the surface of the pile body There is a friction pile supported by an adhesive force or a friction force. Further, as the types of piles, there are prefabricated piles and cast-in-place piles that are manufactured in advance in a factory or the like. The friction pile of the present invention belongs to a ready-made pile, and is suitable for a concrete pile with an outer shell steel pipe (SC pile), a steel pipe pile, and the like.
[0003]
Conventionally, a knotted pile 52 shown in FIG. 1 has been known as one having increased supporting force in a friction pile. The knotted pile 52 is provided with a knot portion 54 having a larger diameter than the pile main body 53 at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the pile main body 53. For the knotted pile 52, after excavating the ground with an earth auger, a mortar method that expects to increase the peripheral frictional force of the pile by a method of filling a cement grout in the hole and inserting the pile is applied.
[0004]
As a prefabricated pile that can be expanded in diameter, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-348859 discloses a method of forming a guide hole penetrating from the inner surface of the pile hollow portion to the outer surface of the pile at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the hollow prefabricated pile. A ready-made stake has been proposed in which a large-diameter member is provided so as to be able to enter and exit the guide hole extending over the outer surface. In this proposal, an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pile hollow is inserted into the hollow pile body, abuts against the end of the expanding member provided so as to be able to enter and exit the guide hole, and the expanding member is placed inside the hollow pile body. An insertion member that pushes out from the pile to the outer surface is provided.
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0005]
In the above-mentioned knotted pile, since the knotted portion increases the driving resistance of the pile, there is a problem that not only pre-boring by an earth auger is required, but also time is required for hardening of the cement grout.
[0006]
Further, in the ready-to-expand piles disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-348859, a diameter-expanding member provided so as to be able to enter and exit a guide hole penetrating from the inner surface of the pile hollow portion to the outer surface of the pile is not fixed. There is a problem. In addition, there is a problem that the diameter of the expanding member has a limit in relation to being inserted into the guide hole, and there is a limit in increasing the pile supporting force.
[0007]
Conventionally, removal of piles due to the demolition of buildings has often been buried for cost reasons, but piles that can be easily pulled out are required. In addition, temporary materials such as coated steel sheets are often used as scaffolds to enable vehicles to be carried in civil engineering and construction work on soft ground sites. However, there are times when sinking cannot be resolved with only a covered steel plate. In such a case, for example, a friction pile of about 3 m in length that is easy to handle is driven in for scaffolding, and a covered steel plate is spread over the pile to carry heavy loads. There is a demand for friction piles that can be removed, easily removed after construction, and reused repeatedly.
[0008]
In view of the above-mentioned problems and demands, the present invention is to expand the diameter of a diameter expanding arm by rotatably connecting the base end to a mandrel vertically slidably suspended in a hollow pile body. An object of the present invention is to provide a friction pile in which an arm protrudes from a guide hole provided on an outer periphery of a pile by lowering the mandrel, and is retracted by raising the mandrel, so that the diameter can be increased.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0009]
The diameter-enlarged friction pile according to claim 1 of the present invention is a hollow pile body, which is opened in a rectangular shape from the inside to the outside at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the hollow pile body, and the lower edge portion has an obliquely downward slope. A plurality of guide holes having left and right walls formed on both sides of the obliquely downwardly inclined surface, a mandrel suspended vertically slidably along the center axis of the hollow pile, and a base end turned around the mandrel. A plurality of diameter-enlarging arms formed by cutting a channel steel to be movably connected into a rectangle, and a lower end of the diameter-expanding arm is placed on an obliquely downwardly inclined surface of a lower edge of the guide hole, and the diameter is expanded. It is a friction pile.
[0010]
Further, in the diameter-enlarged friction pile according to claim 2, the hollow pile body has a holding plate mounting piece having an I-shaped cross section that does not protrude from the inner peripheral surface and is fixed to an upper inner peripheral surface along a diameter, and At the front and rear surfaces, insert both ends of the sandwiching plate between the upper piece and the lower piece of the sandwiching plate mounting side and attach them, and form a holding center of the mandrel with a chevron recess formed in the center of the sandwiching plate. A mandrel holder is provided.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the diameter-expanded friction pile according to the first aspect, wherein one or four of the plurality of guide holes are provided in the hollow pile at the same level. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the mandrel has a hook-type bracket having a hook hole with an open upper surface for mounting a diameter-enhancing arm or a circular hole having a circular hole for mounting a diameter-enlarging arm. The bracket is fixed vertically to the side.
[0012]
A diameter-enlarged friction pile according to a fifth aspect is the diameter-expanded friction pile according to the first aspect, wherein the plurality of diameter-enlarging arms have lower end portions formed with obliquely downwardly inclined rear surfaces. The diameter-enlarged friction pile according to claim 6, wherein the plurality of diameter-enlarged arms have a horizontal axis fixed to the inside of the base end of the rectangularly-cut channel steel, and flanges are provided side by side at an intermediate portion of the horizontal axis. A horizontal axis between the flanges is rotatably fitted in a hook hole of the hook type bracket, and is connected to the mandrel.
[0013]
8. The diameter-expanding friction pile according to claim 7, wherein the plurality of diameter-expanding arms have upwardly projecting projections fixed to an outer surface of an upper end portion, and the upper end surface of the projection is hooked to the hook-shaped bracket when the diameter-expansion arm is horizontal. The enlarged diameter arm is made to abut on the vertical cutout surface of the stop hole, and the horizontal arm is kept horizontal.
[0014]
9. The diameter-expanded friction pile according to claim 8, wherein the plurality of diameter-expanded arms project upward from the inside of the base end portion of the rectangularly cut channel steel in parallel to the left and right, and the upper and lower sides of the channel steel. A circular mounting hole is provided for communication in a direction perpendicular to the direction, and is rotatably connected to the bracket with a circular hole via a bolt communicating with the circular mounting hole and the circular hole of the bracket with a circular hole. An upper end plate fixed to the upper end of the plate abuts on the mandrel at a position above the bracket with a circular hole when the enlarged diameter arm is horizontal, so that the enlarged diameter arm maintains the horizontal position.
[0015]
In the diametrically enlarged friction pile according to claim 9, an arm plate protrudes left and right parallel to an upper end portion of a rectangular arm in a plan view obtained by diagonally cutting a lower surface of a lower end portion of a rectangle downward, and a lower surface of a tip portion of the arm plate is provided. Right and left enlarged arms formed into cutouts along the extension of the upper surface of the arm are rotatably connected by bolts and nuts crossing the arm plate and penetrating the mandrel. The lower end of the arm is placed on an obliquely downwardly inclined surface of the lower edge of the guide hole which is opened at the same level at a distance.
[0016]
【Example】
Next, examples will be described with reference to the drawings. 2A and 2B show the first embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a front view before the diameter expansion with the upper part broken, FIG. 2B is a front view after the same diameter expansion, and FIG. 2C is an enlarged plan view of FIG. is there.
[0017]
In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1A denotes a pencil hollow cylindrical pile body, which is an SC pile in which a steel pipe 2 and a lining concrete 3 are lined. One example of the steel pipe 2 has a thickness of 6 mm and an outer diameter of 355.6 mm, and the lining thickness of the lining concrete 3 is 6 cm. Reference numeral 4 denotes a guide hole, which is opened in a rectangular window on the outer periphery of the hollow pile 1 and has a lower edge formed by a steel plate as an obliquely downward inclined surface 21 as shown in FIG. 12, and a left wall 22 and a right wall 23 formed on both sides. are doing. The reason why the obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 and the left and right side walls 22 and 23 are formed in the guide hole 4 is to provide a guide for allowing a later-described diameter-enlarging arm 5A or the like to protrude from the outer periphery of the pile without swinging. The guide hole 4 has a width of 80 mm and a height of 200 mm when a 75 × 40 mm channel steel is used for a diameter-enlarging arm described later.
[0018]
Reference numeral 5A denotes a diameter-enlarging arm (see also FIG. 16), which protrudes outward from the guide hole 4 described above. 6A is a mandrel, a square steel having a side of 26 mm is made shorter than the length of the hollow pile 1, and the upper end is slidably held by a mandrel holder 7 provided detachably inside the upper end of the hollow pile 1, The hollow pile 1 was hung vertically downward along the central axis. Reference numeral 8 denotes a rope hook, which is fixed to the upper end surface of the mandrel 6A, and is used to connect the rope when the mandrel 6A is pulled up by a winch or the like. In addition to square steel,
Steel pipes and octagonal bars can be used.
[0019]
It is preferable that the mandrel 6A does not protrude from the top surface of the hollow pile 1A as shown in FIG. In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the reason why the mandrel 6A has a height difference is that in the case of FIG. 2B, the mandrel 6A protrudes from the guide hole 4 when the mandrel 6A is lowered. This height difference is the driving amount of the mandrel 6A, and is about 25 cm.
[0020]
One guide hole 4 in FIG. 2 is provided at the same level, and the number of guide holes 4 increases or decreases depending on the pile length. In the embodiment, the center of the uppermost guide hole is located 700 mm below the top surface, and the pitch of the center interval is set at 435 mm. Also, ten upper and lower guide holes 4 are arranged at 360 degrees around the circumference at equal intervals of 40 degrees counterclockwise. The pile length of the hollow pile body 1A is 5100 mm.
[0021]
FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing the hollow pile body 1A of the first embodiment by a dashed-dotted line, and showing a diameter-enlarged arm mounting portion therein. In the drawing, reference numeral 7 denotes a mandrel holder, 8 denotes a rope hook, and 9 denotes a hook-type bracket to which an enlarged diameter arm is attached. The hook-shaped bracket 9 is vertically fixed to the shaft 6A at a position above the upper edge of the guide hole 4 by the length of the diameter-enlarging arm. FIG. 4 shows a state in which the upper end of the diameter-enlarging arm 5A is rotatably connected to the hook-shaped bracket 9.
[0022]
5A and 5B show a second embodiment, in which FIG. 5A is a front view before the diameter expansion of the intermediate portion broken, FIG. 5B is a front view after the diameter expansion, and FIG. 5C is a plan view of FIG. In the second embodiment, four brackets with circular holes 10 (see FIG. 6) are fixed to the mandrel 6B of the hollow pile body 1B at the same level in a cross shape in a plan view, and a total of four brackets 10 are provided for each of the brackets 10 with circular holes. 5C is attached. In the second embodiment, the bracket 10 with a circular hole may be replaced with the hook-shaped bracket 9 and the enlarged diameter arm 5C may be replaced with the enlarged diameter arm 5A. In the figure, 3 is a lined concrete, 4 is a guide hole, and 7 is a mandrel holder.
[0023]
FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view showing the hollow pile body 1B of the second embodiment by a dashed-dotted line, dividing the hollow pile body 1B at an intermediate portion thereof, and showing an enlarged-diameter arm mounting portion inside the pile. In the figure, 6B is a mandrel, 7 is a mandrel holder, 8 is a rope hook, and 10 is a bracket with a circular hole, which is used for mounting a diameter-enlarged arm.
[0024]
Next, FIG. 7 is a front view showing the hollow pile body 1B of the second embodiment by a dashed line and showing the inside of the pile. In FIG. 7, the base end of the diameter-enlarging arm 5C is rotatably attached to the bracket 10 with a circular hole of the mandrel 6B. In this case, the bracket 10 with a circular hole may be changed to the hook-shaped bracket 9, and the diameter-enlarging arm 5C may be replaced with the diameter-enlarging arm 5A (see FIG. 16) or the diameter-enlarging arm 5B (see FIG. 17). In FIG. 7, the pile length L1 is 5 m, the length L2 of the mandrel 6B is 4.6 m, L3 is 1 m, and the vertical arrangement pitch p of the expanding arm 5C is 1.5 m. The above dimensions are not fixed to this, but are appropriately changed according to the pile length.
[0025]
8A and 8B show a third embodiment, in which FIG. 8A is a front view after diameter expansion, and FIG. 8B is a plan view. In the hollow pile body 1C, the guide holes 4 are arranged one by one at an angle of 180 degrees at the same level, and those at the upper and lower levels are shifted by 90 degrees as shown in FIG. The vertical pitch of the guide hole 4 is 1 m. Reference numerals 5E and 5F denote expanded arms also shown in FIG.
[0026]
FIG. 9: is a front view which shows the hollow pile body 1C of 3rd Example by the dashed-dotted line, and is divided | segmented in an intermediate part and the inside of a pile is shown. In FIG. 9, 6C is a mandrel, 5E and 5F are expanding arms. The diameter-enlarging arms 5E and 5F are attached to the mandrel 6C in an intersecting manner with bolts 11 and nuts 12 so as to rotate around the bolts 11.
[0027]
Next, the mandrel holder 7 to which the mandrel 6A is attached along the axis of the hollow pile 1A will be described with reference to FIGS. That is, the sandwiching plate mounting pieces 15 and 16 having an I-shaped cross section that do not project from the inner peripheral surface of the lining concrete 3 of the hollow pile 1A are fixed to the upper inner peripheral surface along the diameter of the hollow pile 1A. The left and right sandwich plate mounting pieces 15 and 16 are formed in an I-shape by fixing an upper piece 7 and a lower piece 18 on the upper and lower sides of a central vertical plate.
[0028]
Both ends of the sandwiching plates 13 and 14 are inserted between the upper piece 17 and the lower piece 18, bolts 19 are communicated with the both ends, and tightened with nuts 20. The sandwiching plates 13 and 14 are bent into central recesses 13a and 14a at their central portions to form a mandrel holder 7 that forms a clamping center for clamping the mandrel 6A. Similarly, the hollow piles 1B and 1C are provided with the mandrel holder 7 so that the mandrels 6B and 6C are similarly held.
[0029]
Next, FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the medium-simplified portion cut of FIG. In the figure, reference numeral 4 denotes a guide hole, which penetrates the steel pipe 2 of the outer shell and the lining concrete 3 and opens into the pile. At the lower edge of the guide hole 4, an obliquely downward inclined surface having a downward inclination angle of about 45 degrees is formed of a steel plate, and a left side wall 22 and a right side wall 23 are formed on both sides thereof. The guide hole 4 has a length of 200 mm and a width of 80 mm. That is, when a 75 × 40 channel steel having a width of 75 mm is used for the expanding arm 5A, a gap of 2.5 mm is formed between both sides of the guide hole 4.
[0030]
FIG. 13 shows a part of FIG. 3, in which (a) is an enlarged front view and (b) is a plan view of the same, showing details of the hook-shaped bracket 9. Reference numeral 24 denotes a hook hole, 25 denotes an upper opening, and e denotes an eccentric amount of 4 mm inward from the center of the hook hole 24. Reference numeral 26 denotes a hook portion, which forms an upper portion of the hook hole 24 having the eccentric amount. The hook hole 24 has a diameter such that the horizontal shafts 29 (see FIGS. 16 and 17) of the diameter-enlarging arms 5A and 5B are fitted inside so that the hook portions 26 do not come off. The horizontal axis 29 is guided by the vertical notch surface 27 from above the upper opening 25, descends, and fits inside the hook hole 24.
[0031]
14A and 14B show the enlarged-diameter arm mounting portion of FIG. 6, wherein FIG. 14A is an enlarged front view and FIG. 14B is a plan view of the same. Reference numeral 10 denotes a bracket 10 having a circular hole, which is formed by displacing a triangular plate having a semicircular outer end with the mandrel 6B by an angle of 90 degrees at a time, and fixed in a cross shape in plan view. The enlarged diameter arm 5C or 5D is attached to the circular hole 28 with a bolt 39 (see FIG. 19). FIG. 15 shows a hook 6A fixed to a mandrel 6A in a cross shape in a plan view.
[0032]
The width of the hook-shaped bracket 9 in FIG. 15 is a dimension that can connect four enlarged arms 5A within the inner diameter of the hollow pile 1A, and the lateral width of the bracket 10 with a circular hole is also within the inner diameter of the hollow pile 1B. The size is such that four diameter-enlarging arms 5C can be connected to the arm.
[0033]
16A and 16B show the enlarged diameter arm 5A in the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 16A is a front perspective view, and FIG. 16B is a rear perspective view. The expanding arm 5A cuts a 75 × 40 channel steel into a rectangle having a length of 375 mm, and has a lower end penetrating into the soil. Reference numeral 29 denotes a horizontal axis, which horizontally crosses the upper end of the diameter-enlarging arm 5 and has both ends fixed to the inner surface of the channel steel. Reference numerals 30 and 31 denote flanges, which are provided side by side at the center of the horizontal shaft 31 so that the hook holes 24 of the hook-shaped bracket 9 are located therebetween. The interval between the flanges 30 and 31 is an interval where the thickness of the hook-shaped bracket 9 is fitted.
[0034]
That is, when the horizontal shaft 29 between the flanges 30 and 31 is inserted into the hook hole 24 from the upper opening 25 of the hook-shaped bracket 9, the flanges 30 and 31 respectively contact both surfaces of the hook-shaped bracket 9, and the diameter-enlarging arm 5 </ b> A Are rotatably connected around a shaft 29 and are not moved left and right by flanges 30 and 31.
[0035]
Also, a protruding piece 32 protruding upward is fixed to the outer surface of the upper end portion of the diameter-enlarging arm 5B (see FIG. 17), and as shown in FIG. The bracket 9 comes into contact with the vertical cutout surface 27 of the bracket 9. As a result, the diameter-enlarging arm 5A penetrating into the soil can maintain the horizontal position, and can stop the sinking of the hollow pile 1A under the earth pressure from below. 33, 33 are lower end surfaces of the diameter-enlarging arm 5A, which are cut at right angles to the back surface. Reference numeral 34 denotes a downward inclined surface at the lower end of the diameter-enlarging arm 5B.
[0036]
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a diameter-enlarging arm 5C according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 19 is a perspective view of the same with four diameter-expanding arms 5D attached thereto. The expanding arm 5C cuts a 75 × 40 channel steel into a rectangle, and cuts off the lower end diagonally. Arm plates 35 and 36 are provided on the inner side of the upper end so as to protrude upward in the left-right direction and a circular mounting hole 37 is provided for communication perpendicular to the vertical direction of the channel steel. Reference numeral 38 denotes an upper end plate, the rear ends of the arm plates 35 and 36 being raised to the steps, and fixed to the upper surface thereof.
[0037]
The expanding arm 5C communicates a bolt 39 (see FIG. 19) with the circular mounting hole 37 and the circular hole 30 of the bracket 10 with a circular hole, and is rotatably connected to the mandrel 6B. Reference numeral 38 abuts on the side surface of the mandrel 6B on the side where the diameter-enlarged arm is mounted. The mandrel 6B is a steel pipe, but may be a square steel. Due to the contact between the upper end plate 38 and the mandrel 6B, as shown in FIG. 27, the lower surface of the enlarged diameter arm 5C that protrudes horizontally from the guide hole 4 receives the earth pressure p and supports the hollow pile 1B.
[0038]
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the expanding arms 5E and 5F in the third embodiment. Numerals 40, 40 are quadrangular arms in plan view, each having the same rectangular shape and the lower surface of the lower end portion cut off obliquely. Reference numerals 41 and 42 denote arm plates protruding upward from the upper ends of the arms 40 and 40 in parallel to the left and right, respectively. The arm plates 41 and 42 have upper surface extensions mm and nn of the arms 40 and 40 respectively. A notch surface 43 is formed along the same. Then, the arm plates 41 and 42 cross each other, the bolt 11 penetrates the mandrel 6C, and the nut 12 is screwed. The enlarged diameter arms 5E and 5F are rotatably connected to the mandrel 6C around the bolt 11. .
[0039]
Next, FIG. 21 is an enlarged sectional view of the central portion in the vertical direction of the section AA, BB in FIG. 2A, and FIG. 22 is a central portion in the vertical direction of the pile showing the operation of the expanding arm 5A. It is a fracture | rupture sectional drawing of a part. Before driving the friction pile into the soil, as shown in FIG. 21, the lower end of the diameter-enlarging arm 5A is placed on the obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 at the lower edge of the guide hole 4 and stored in the hollow pile 1A. Have been. When the mandrel 6A is lowered from this state as shown by the arrow D in FIG. 22, the base end of the expanding arm 5A turns counterclockwise around the center a of the horizontal axis 29, and the lower end of the expanding arm 5A. Is guided by the obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 of the guide hole 4 and the left and right side walls 22 and 23, and protrudes obliquely downward and outward as indicated by a dashed line.
[0040]
Further, when the mandrel 6A is lowered, the expanding arm 5A protrudes from the guide hole 4 as shown by a dashed line from a two-dot chain line, the point a moves to the point a1, and when the hollow pile 1A is lowered, the expanding arm 5A The middle portion of the upper surface of 5A is in contact with the upper edge of the guide hole 4, and the state shown in FIG. 22 is obtained. In FIG. 22, the upper end surface of the projecting piece 32 is in contact with the vertical notch surface 27 of the hook-shaped bracket 9, and the diameter-enlarging arm 5A maintains a horizontal state.
[0041]
FIGS. 23 and 24 are enlarged sectional views of the central portion in the vertical direction when the enlarged diameter arm 5A of FIG. 2A is replaced with the enlarged diameter arm 5B of FIG. The operation is exactly the same as in FIGS. 21 and 22. FIG. 25 is a cutaway view of the central portion in the vertical direction when the diameter-enlarging arm 5B is mounted in the sections CC and DD in FIG. 2B. That is, the upper surface of the central portion of the diameter-enlarging arm 5B is in contact with the upper edge of the guide hole 4, the protruding piece 32 is in contact with the vertical cutout surface 27 of the hook-shaped bracket 9, the diameter-enlarging arm 5B is kept horizontal, and Under pressure, the bearing capacity of the friction pile is generated.
[0042]
FIG. 26 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a central portion in the vertical direction of the pile in the EE and FF sections in FIG. 5A, and FIG. 27 is a pile in the GG and HH sections in FIG. 5B. It is an enlarged fracture sectional view of a longitudinal direction center part. 26 and 27, the expanding arm 5C housed in the hollow pile 1B pivots around the bolt / nut 39 at the point a by descending the mandrel 6B, and the lower end of the arm 5C is inclined with the guide hole 4. Sliding on the downward inclined surface 21, right and left swings are stopped by the left and right side walls 22, 23, and the outer side protrudes outward from the guide hole 4. When the mandrel 6B is further lowered, the point a moves to the point a2, the upper end plate 38 comes into contact with the side surface of the mandrel 6B, and the left and right and front and rear diameter expanding arms 5C are expanded in a horizontal state, and the earth pressure p is reduced. Increase bearing capacity of receiving friction pile.
[0043]
FIG. 28 is an enlarged sectional view of a central portion of the hollow pile body 1C (see FIG. 8) of the third embodiment in the vertical direction of the pile before expanding in sections II and JJ, and FIG. It is an enlarged fracture sectional view of the longitudinal direction center part of a state. Before driving the hollow pile body 1C into the soil, the lower ends of the expanding arms 5E and 5F rotatably connected to the mandrel 6C with the horizontal shaft bolts 11 as shown in FIG. It is placed on the obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 of the section. When the mandrel 6C descends, the lower ends of the arms 40, 40 move outward and downward along the obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 of the guide hole 4, as shown in FIG.
[0044]
When the mandrel 6C is further lowered, as shown in FIG. 30, the arm plates 41 and 42 pivot downward around the bolt 11, and the arms 40 and 40 penetrate into the soil. When the mandrel 6C is further lowered, the cutout surfaces 43 of the arm plates 41 and 42 contact the upper surface of the arm 40, and the cutout surfaces 43 of the arm plates 41 and 42 contact the upper surface of the arm 40, as shown in FIG. 40, 40 project horizontally into the soil from the left and right guide holes 4, respectively. The lower surfaces of the arms 40, 40 protruding into the soil receive the earth pressure and generate a supporting force on the friction pile. 31 is the final position of the bolt 11 when the arm plates 40 and 40 are horizontal, and the distance between a and a3 is about 25 cm of the downward movement of the mandrel 6c.
[0045]
FIG. 32 is a cross-sectional view of a central portion in the vertical direction showing an example of an installation procedure of the diameter-enlarging arm 5C. That is, the hollow pile 1B is kept upright, the wire rope is hung on the wire rope hook 8 of the mandrel 6B, the wire rope is pulled up by a winch (not shown), the mandrel 6B and the diameter-enlarging arm 5C are lifted, and the diameter-enlarging arm is raised. The lower end of 5C is positioned above the obliquely downward slope 21 at the lower edge of the guide hole 4.
[0046]
Numeral 44 denotes a diameter-enlarged arm guide plate made of a rectangular thin steel plate having a length of 30 cm and a width of 7 cm to which a latching piece 45 is fixed at the center of the back surface as shown in FIG. The diameter-enlarged arm guide plate 44 is inserted into the hollow pile 1B with the tip end approaching the mandrel 6B from the guide hole 4, and the latching piece 45 is hooked on the inner edge of the guide hole 4. Then, when the mandrel 6B lifted by the winch is lowered as described above, the lower end of the enlarged diameter arm 5C is placed on the upper surface of the enlarged diameter arm guide plate 44.
[0047]
Then, the rear end of the enlarged-diameter arm guide plate 44 is pushed down, the latching piece 45 is removed from the inner edge of the guide hole 4, and the enlarged-diameter arm guide plate 44 is pulled out from the guide hole 4. Is placed on an obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 at the lower edge of the guide hole 4.
[0048]
In order to attach the enlarged diameter arm 5A of FIG. 16 and the enlarged diameter arm 5B of FIG. 17 to the hook-shaped bracket 9, the hook-shaped bracket 9 is located at the front center of the guide hole 4 and the enlarged diameter arms 5A and 5B are The base end is inserted into the hollow pile body 1A from the guide hole 4, and the horizontal shaft 29 of the base end passes through the upper opening 25 of the hook-shaped bracket 9 and is fitted inside the hook hole 24. Then, the mandrel 6A is raised, the diameter-enlarging arms 5A and 5B are pulled into the hollow pile 1A, and the lower end is placed on the obliquely downwardly inclined surface 21 at the lower edge of the guide hole 4. When the base ends of the enlarged diameter arms 5A and 5B are connected to the hook-shaped bracket 9 of the mandrel 6A in advance, the lower end is directed obliquely downward of the lower edge of the guide hole 4 using the above-described enlarged diameter arm guide plate 44. What is necessary is just to mount on the inclined surface 21.
[0049]
Next, FIG. 34 is a central longitudinal cross-sectional view of an example of a driving stone pile for the expanded friction pile of the present invention, and FIG. 35 is a plan view of the same. The lower pile 46 is, for example, a cap part 47 whose lower end part is fitted to the upper end part of the hollow pile body 1B, and the upper part becomes an upper cylindrical part 48 with one step smaller diameter via a step part. Is provided with a plunger 49 which moves up and down along. The plunger 49 has a lower end surface in contact with the rope hook 8 of the mandrel 6B, and is lowered by a known pile driver (not shown) to lower the mandrel 6B. The above-mentioned mandrels 6A and 6C are similarly lowered by the plunger 49 of the hard pile 46.
[0050]
FIG. 36 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the procedure for constructing the diameter-expanding friction pile according to the present invention. FIG. 36A shows a first step, and FIG. 36B shows a second step. 37 is a vertical sectional view showing the hollow pile body 1B by a dashed-dotted line and showing a construction procedure following FIG. 36. (c) is a third step, and (d) is a final step. First, as the first step, it is determined whether the diameter-increased friction pile of the present invention is directly driven into the natural ground 50 or the pile hole 51 is first dug by an earth logger, and the hollow shown in FIG. The pile body 1B is set up at the pile installation location. Next, in the second step of FIG. 36B, the hollow pile body 1B is driven or inserted into the lifting pile hole 51 with a winch. For lifting, a wire rope is hung on the mandrel holder 7 described with reference to FIG. Then, a stake 46 is fitted over the upper end of the hollow pile 1B.
[0051]
Next, in the third step of FIG. 37 (c), the plunger 49 is also lowered while the sharp pile 46 is lowered by the pile driver. Then, the hollow pile 1B is driven into the ground, the mandrel 6B descends, and the enlarged diameter arm 5C starts to penetrate the natural ground 50. Further, the plunger 49 is lowered while driving the hollow pile 1B, and as a final step, the mandrel 6B is lowered until the enlarged diameter arm 5C projects horizontally from the guide hole 4 and penetrates into the natural ground 50 as shown in FIG. Let it. Then, the loose pile 46 is removed from the hollow pile body 1B, the cutting of the diameter-enlarged friction pile is completed, and the pile is moved to a place where a new diameter-expanded friction pile is installed.
[0052]
Although the hollow pile 1B, the enlarged diameter arm 5C, and the mandrel 6B have been described above, the hollow pile 1A, the enlarged diameter arm 5A, and the mandrel 6A of the first embodiment are similarly constructed. The same applies to the hollow pile body 1C, the expanded arms 5E and 5F, and the mandrel 6C of the third embodiment.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the diameter-expanding friction pile according to the present invention, the diameter-expanding arm can enter and exit from the outer surface of the hollow pile body. Therefore, at the time of construction, the diameter-enlarging arm can be buried in a retracted state, so that the driving resistance can be reduced and the construction can be facilitated. A simple operation of lowering the mandrel connecting the expanding arm near the end of burial allows the expanding arm to protrude horizontally from the outer periphery of the pile. Therefore, it is possible to easily increase the supporting force in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction by increasing the outer diameter of the friction pile.
[0054]
In addition, since the base end of the diameter-enlarging arm is rotatably connected to the mandrel, one, two, and four diameter-enlarging arms and guide holes can be provided at the same level. The number and arrangement of the diameter-enlarging arms can be widely selected depending on the construction location. In addition, since the diameter-enlarging arm can be stored in the hollow pile, there can be no protrusions from the outer periphery, and storage and transportation can be facilitated.
[0055]
Since the mandrel can be pulled up and the diameter-enlarged arm can be retracted into the hollow pile, the friction pile can be easily collected and reused. In particular, in soft ground, a temporary scaffold can be easily built by driving the expanded friction friction pile of the present invention and supporting the covering steel plate, and when the construction is completed, the expanded arm is stored in the hollow pile body. Can be collected and reused.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of a conventional friction pile.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a first embodiment of a diameter-expanded friction pile according to the present invention, in which FIG. It is an enlarged plan view of b).
FIG. 3 is an enlarged front view showing the hollow pile body of the first embodiment by a dashed-dotted line, dividing the hollow pile body at an intermediate portion thereof, and showing an enlarged-diameter arm mounting portion inside the pile.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a state in which a diameter-expanding arm is attached before the diameter expansion.
5A and 5B show a second embodiment of the diameter-expanded friction pile according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 5A is a front view of an intermediate portion broken before expansion, FIG. 5B is a front view after diameter expansion, and FIG. FIG.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of a hollow pile body indicated by a dashed line in the second embodiment, which is cut at an intermediate portion and shows an enlarged-diameter arm attachment portion inside the pile.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing the inside of a hollow pile shown by a dashed line in the second embodiment.
8A and 8B show a third embodiment of the diameter-expanded friction pile according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 8A is a front view after diameter expansion, and FIG. 8B is a plan view.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a hollow pile body according to a third embodiment, which is indicated by a dashed line and cut at an intermediate portion to show the inside of the pile.
FIG. 10 is a partially cutaway front view of the upper portion of the hollow pile body of the first, second, and third embodiments.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along line KK of FIG.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of an intermediate portion cut in FIG. 2 (a).
13A and 13B show an enlarged-diameter arm mounting portion in FIG. 3, wherein FIG. 13A is an enlarged front view and FIG. 13B is a plan view of the same.
14A and 14B are enlarged front views and FIG. 14B is a plan view of the enlarged diameter arm mounting portion of FIG. 6;
15 (a) is an enlarged front view, and FIG. 15 (b) is a plan view of the same.
16A and 16B show a diameter-enlarging arm according to the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 16A is a front perspective view and FIG. 16B is a rear perspective view.
17A and 17B show another enlarged-diameter arm in the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 17A is a front perspective view and FIG. 17B is a rear perspective view.
FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a diameter-enlarging arm according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 19 is a perspective view showing an attached state of a diameter-enlarging arm in the second embodiment.
FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a diameter-enlarging arm according to a third embodiment.
FIG. 21 is an enlarged sectional view of a central portion in a vertical direction of a section AA and BB in FIG.
FIG. 22 is an enlarged sectional view of the central portion in the vertical direction showing the operation of the diameter increasing arm in FIG. 21.
FIG. 23 is an enlarged sectional view of the central portion in the vertical direction of the section AA and BB when the diameter-enlarging arm of FIG. 17 is attached to FIG. 2 (a).
24 is an enlarged sectional view of a central portion in a vertical direction showing an operation of a diameter-enlarging arm in FIG. 23.
FIG. 25 is an enlarged sectional view of a central portion in a vertical direction of a section CC and DD in FIG. 2B.
FIG. 26 is an enlarged sectional view of a central portion in a vertical direction of a section EE and FF in FIG.
FIG. 27 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a central portion in a vertical direction of a section GG and HH in FIG. 5B.
FIG. 28 is a front view showing a third embodiment of a diameter-enlarged arm obtained by longitudinally cutting an intermediate portion of a hollow pile body.
FIG. 29 is a front view showing the initial state of the diameter-expanding arm of the third embodiment.
FIG. 30 is a front view showing a middle-diameter expanding state of the expanding arm of the third embodiment.
FIG. 31 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a central portion in the vertical direction in a section II and JJ in FIG. 8;
FIG. 32 is a cutaway view of a central portion in the vertical direction showing an example of a procedure for installing a diameter-enlargement arm.
FIG. 33 is a rear perspective view of one component in FIG. 32;
FIG. 34 is a central vertical cross-sectional view of an example of a grind pile for driving a large-diameter friction pile according to the present invention.
FIG. 35 is a plan view of the same.
FIG. 36 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a procedure for constructing the diameter-expanding friction pile according to the second embodiment, in which (a) is a first step and (b) is a second step.
FIG. 37 is a vertical sectional view showing the construction procedure following FIG. 36, also showing the hollow pile body by a dashed-dotted line, where (c) is the third step and (d) is the final step.
[Explanation of symbols]
1A, 1B, 1C Hollow pile
4 Guide hole
5A, 5B, 5C Expanding arm
5D, 5E, 5F Expanding arm
6A, 6B, 6C Mandrel
7 Mandrel holder
9 Hook type bracket
10 Bracket with circular hole
13 sandwich plate
13a Yamagata recess
14 sandwich plate
14a Yamagata recess
15 Mounting plate mounting piece
16 Mounting plate mounting plate
21 Diagonally downward slope
22 Left wall of guide hole
23 Guide hole right side wall
24 Hook holes
27 Vertical notch
28 circular hole
29 horizontal axis
30 flange
31 flange
34 downward slope
35, 36 arm plate
37 circular mounting hole
38 Upper plate
40 arm
41,42 arm plate
43 Notch

Claims (9)

中空杭体と、この中空杭体の長手方向複数箇所に内方から外方に四角形に開口し、下縁部を斜め下向き傾斜面にし、この斜め下向き傾斜面の両側に左、右側壁を形成した複数のガイド孔と、前記中空杭体の中心軸線に沿って上下動自在に垂下した心棒と、前記心棒に基端部を回動自在に連結する溝型鋼を長方形に切断し形成する複数の拡径アームとから成り、前記ガイド孔下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面に前記拡径アームの下端部を載置した拡径摩擦杭。A hollow pile and a rectangular opening from the inside to the outside at a plurality of locations in the longitudinal direction of the hollow pile, and a lower edge formed on an obliquely downward inclined surface, and left and right walls formed on both sides of the obliquely downward inclined surface. A plurality of guide holes, a mandrel suspended vertically movable along the central axis of the hollow pile, and a plurality of rectangular steel bars formed by cutting a grooved steel rotatably connecting a base end portion to the mandrel. A diameter-enlarged friction pile comprising a diameter-enlarged arm, wherein the lower end of the diameter-enlarged arm is placed on an obliquely downwardly inclined surface of the lower edge of the guide hole. 前記中空杭体が、内周面から突出しない断面I形の挟み板取付片を直径に沿って上部内周面に固着し、前記挟み板取付片の前面と後面に挟み板の両端部を前記挟み板取付片の上部片と下部片の間に挿入して取付け、前記挟み板の中央部に形成する山形凹所で前記心棒の挟持中心を形成した心棒ホルダを設けている請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The hollow pile body is fixed to the upper inner peripheral surface along the diameter with a holding plate mounting piece having an I-shaped cross section that does not protrude from the inner circumferential surface, and the front and rear surfaces of the holding plate mounting piece are provided with both ends of the holding plate. 2. The mandrel holder according to claim 1, wherein the mandrel holder is inserted and mounted between the upper piece and the lower piece of the holding plate mounting piece, and the center of holding of the mandrel is formed by a chevron recess formed in the center of the holding plate. Expanded friction pile. 前記複数のガイド孔を、中空杭体に同一レベルにおいて1又は4個設けている請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The diameter expansion friction pile according to claim 1, wherein one or four of the plurality of guide holes are provided in the hollow pile body at the same level. 前記心棒が、拡径アーム取付用の上面が開口した鈎止孔を形成したフック形ブラケット又は拡径アーム取付用の円孔を設けた円孔付ブラケットを側面に垂直に固着したものである請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The mandrel is characterized in that a hook-shaped bracket having a hook hole with an open upper surface for mounting an enlarged-diameter arm or a bracket with a circular hole provided with a circular hole for mounting an enlarged-diameter arm is vertically fixed to a side surface. Item 2. The expanded friction pile according to Item 1. 前記複数の拡径アームが、下端部裏面を斜め下向き傾斜面にしたものである請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The diameter-enlargement friction pile according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of diameter-enlargement arms have lower end portions whose rear surfaces are inclined obliquely downward. 前記複数の拡径アームが、長方形に切断した溝形鋼の基端部内側に横軸を固着し、この横軸の中間部左右にフランジを併設し、前記フック形ブラケットの鈎止孔に前記フランジ間の横軸を回動自在に内嵌し、前記心棒に結合したものである請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The plurality of expanding arms have a horizontal shaft fixed to the inside of the base end of the rectangularly cut channel steel, flanges are provided at the left and right intermediate portions of the horizontal shaft, and the hook is formed in a hook hole of the hook type bracket. The diameter-enlarged friction pile according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal axis between the flanges is rotatably fitted inside and connected to the mandrel. 前記複数の拡径アームが、上端部背面に上方に突出する突片を固着し、拡径アーム水平時に前記突片の上端面が前記フック形ブラケットの鈎止孔の垂直切欠き面に当接するものにした請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The plurality of diameter-enlarging arms fix upwardly projecting projections to the rear surface of the upper end portion, and when the diameter-expanding arms are horizontal, the upper end surfaces of the projections abut against the vertical notches of the hook holes of the hook-shaped bracket. The enlarged diameter friction pile according to claim 1, wherein: 前記複数の拡径アームが、長方形に切断した溝形鋼の基端部内側に左右並行に腕板を上方に突設するとともに、前記溝形鋼の上下方向と直交に円形取付孔を連通に設け、この円形取付孔と前記円孔付ブラケットの円孔とに連通するボルトを介し前記円孔付ブラケットに回動自在に連結し、前記左右平行な腕板の上端に固着した上端板が、拡径アーム水平時に円孔付ブラケットより上方位置で前記心棒に当接するものにした請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。The plurality of diameter-enlarging arms project an arm plate upward in parallel with the inside of the base end of the rectangularly cut channel steel, and communicate with a circular mounting hole perpendicular to the vertical direction of the channel steel. An upper end plate fixedly attached to an upper end of the left and right parallel arm plates is rotatably connected to the bracket with a circular hole via a bolt communicating with the circular mounting hole and the circular hole of the bracket with the circular hole. The diameter-expanded friction pile according to claim 1, wherein the diameter-expanded arm is in contact with the mandrel at a position above the bracket with a circular hole when the diameter-expanded arm is horizontal. 長方形の下端部裏面を下方へ斜めに切り落とした平面視四角形のアームの上端部に左右平行に腕板を上方に突設し、この腕板の先端部下面を前記アームの上面延長線に沿って切欠面にした左右の拡径アームを、前記腕板を交叉し前記心棒を貫通するボルト・ナットにより回動自在に結合し、前記中空杭体の外周に角度180度隔て同一レベルに開口する前記ガイド孔下縁部の斜め下向き傾斜面に、前記アームの下端を載置した請求項1記載の拡径摩擦杭。An arm plate protrudes upward parallel to the upper end of a rectangular arm in a plan view in which the lower surface of the lower end of the rectangle is cut obliquely downward and the lower surface of the tip of the arm plate is extended along the upper surface extension of the arm. The notched left and right enlarged arms are rotatably connected to each other by bolts and nuts crossing the arm plates and penetrating the mandrel, and are opened at the same level at an angle of 180 degrees around the hollow pile body. The diameter-enlarged friction pile according to claim 1, wherein a lower end of the arm is placed on an obliquely downwardly inclined surface of a lower edge of the guide hole.
JP2003123109A 2003-04-28 2003-04-28 Expanded friction pile Expired - Fee Related JP3845072B2 (en)

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CN111719546A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-09-29 江苏文博建筑设计有限公司 Tubular pile structure with high stability
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