JP2004222364A - Insulator, commutator, and motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an insulator and a commutator having a function as a pressure equalizing device and a motor, capable of easily connecting the commutator to a short-circuit member and improving installation workability without being limited to the diameter of the commutator. <P>SOLUTION: This insulator 80 covers a rotor core 41 fixed on a rotating shaft 50 of the motor 10 including the commutator 60. A terminal 82 for shorting a predetermined commutator piece 61 of the commutator 60 is arranged at an end face insulating part 80b for insulating an end face in the direction of a rotary shaft of the rotor core 41. A connecting part 61b for connecting to the terminal 82 is formed in the commutator 60. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an insulator, a commutator, and a motor, and more particularly, to an insulator, a commutator, and a motor having a structure in which predetermined commutator pieces of the commutator are connected to each other.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, when using a multi-winding or multi-wave winding in the armature of a multi-pole DC machine, an unbalanced current may flow through a brush of the same polarity and a spark may be generated. A pressure equalizing line (or pressure equalizing device) connecting the equipotential portions of each winding is provided.
[0003]
In order to connect the equipotential portions of the windings in this manner, each commutator piece of the commutator and another commutator piece that is to be equipotential with the commutator piece are short-circuited by the equalizing line. At that time, if the pressure equalizing line is passed between the rotor core and the commutator, there is a possibility that short-circuit may occur due to contact between the pressure equalizing lines or between the pressure equalizing line and the rotor core. .
[0004]
Further, when connecting the commutator pieces by the equalizing line, if the equalizing line is arranged through the slot of the rotor core, there is a problem that the winding work in the slot becomes complicated and the number of man-hours is increased. .
[0005]
In order to avoid such inconveniences, the commutator segments to be short-circuited are connected in advance by short-circuit members on the back side surface (rotary shaft side) of the commutator segments, and an insulating material is provided inside these annularly arranged commutator segments. (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0006]
By arranging the short-circuit member inside the commutator in this way, it is possible to prevent a short circuit due to contact between the equalizing lines or between the equalizing line and the rotor core, and to reduce the equalizing line into the slot. The complexity of winding can be avoided.
[0007]
In addition, there is a technique of disposing a pressure equalizing device on a rotating shaft adjacent to a commutator (for example, see Patent Document 2). According to this technology, a plurality of annular terminals are stacked on a base member formed separately from or integrally with the commutator via an insulating member, and a pressure equalizing line portion extending from each terminal is formed as a commutator piece. By being electrically connected by fusing, commutator segments that should be at the same potential are electrically short-circuited.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-11-187622 (Pages 3-5, FIG. 1-7)
[0009]
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-60073 (pages 3-4, FIG. 1-7)
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the technology in which the short-circuit member is provided inside the commutator and the commutator and the short-circuit member are integrally formed, the arrangement of the short-circuit member inside the commutator is limited depending on the diameter of the commutator. There was a problem that sometimes.
[0011]
In addition, in the technology of disposing the pressure equalizing device coaxially with the commutator, it is necessary to connect each commutator piece and the pressure equalizing line from the pressure equalizing device by fusing or the like, which takes time and effort. There was a problem that workability was not good.
[0012]
In view of the above problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide an insulator, a commutator, and a motor having a function as a pressure equalizing device, wherein the commutator is not limited to the diameter of the commutator, and is provided with a commutator and a short-circuit member. It is an object of the present invention to provide an insulator, a commutator, and a motor including the insulator and the commutator, which are easily connected to each other and have improved mounting workability.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the insulator according to claim 1, the object is an insulator that covers a rotor core fixed to a rotating shaft of a motor having a commutator, and insulates an end face of the rotor core in a rotation axis direction. The problem is solved by providing a short-circuit member for short-circuiting a predetermined commutator piece of the commutator in the end face insulating portion.
[0014]
As described above, according to the present invention, the short-circuit member that short-circuits the commutator pieces that should be equipotential is provided on the end face insulating portion of the insulator that covers the end face in the rotation axis direction of the rotor core. In addition, the complexity of winding the equalizing wire around the slot of the armature can be avoided, and the arrangement of the short-circuit member is not limited by the diameter of the commutator, which is preferable.
[0015]
Further, it is preferable that the short-circuit member is formed integrally with the end face insulating portion, because the handling of components becomes easy and the number of assembling steps can be reduced. In this case, the short-circuit member may be integrally formed with the end surface insulating portion by resin molding, or may be configured to be integrally fixed by a fixing member.
[0016]
In addition, as described in claim 3, the short-circuit member has a connection portion that is in contact with the commutator piece, and the connection portion protrudes from the end surface insulating portion in the rotation axis direction on the commutator side. With such a configuration, there is no need to connect the short-circuit member and the commutator piece by, for example, fusing, and the number of assembling steps can be reduced.
[0017]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the connecting portion formed on the short-circuit member can be formed so as to elastically contact with the connecting portion formed on the commutator piece. With this configuration, the connection between the connection portion formed on the short-circuit member and the connection portion formed on the commutator piece is facilitated.
[0018]
Further, as described in claim 5, the connecting portion formed on the short-circuit member can be formed so as to fit and contact with the connecting portion formed on the commutator piece. With this configuration, the connection between the connection portion formed on the short-circuit member and the connection portion formed on the commutator piece is facilitated, and the electrical connection can be reliably performed.
[0019]
Further, as described in claim 6, when the commutator is inserted into the rotary shaft, the connecting portion formed on the short-circuit member is fixedly contacted with the connecting portion formed on the commutator piece. It is preferable to do so. As described above, if the commutator is attached to connect the short-circuit member and the commutator piece, the assembling work becomes easy, and the number of working steps can be reduced.
[0020]
Further, as described in claim 7, it is preferable that the short-circuit member is formed of a conductive thin plate, and a plurality of the short-circuit members are stacked while being separated from each other in a rotation axis direction. Since a plurality of short-circuit members are stacked in a state of being spatially separated from each other, the short-circuit members are insulated from each other, and a plurality of commutator pieces can be short-circuited. Further, since the short-circuit member is formed of a thin plate, the short-circuit member is easy to be laminated, and even if a plurality of the short-circuit members are laminated, the short-circuit member does not become thick in the direction of the rotation axis and hardly affects the motor length.
[0021]
Further, the commutator is a commutator fixed to a rotating shaft together with a rotor core, and a winding is connected to a plurality of commutator pieces of the commutator. A riser portion and a connecting portion extending to the rotor core side are formed, and the connecting portion is connected to a short-circuit member on the rotor core side for electrically short-circuiting the predetermined commutator pieces. Can be done.
[0022]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, the above object is achieved by including the insulator and the commutator. As described above, since the short-circuit member is disposed on the insulator and the connection portion connected to the short-circuit member is formed on the commutator piece, the work of connecting the commutator pieces that should be at the same potential becomes easy, and the motor is manufactured. Cost can be reduced. In addition, since the configuration is simple and the short circuit between the equalizing lines does not occur as in the related art, it is preferable because troubles hardly occur afterward.
[0023]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment, FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a commutator, an insulator, and a rotor core of the embodiment, FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the insulator of the embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 5 and FIG. 5 are perspective views of an insulating member of the embodiment, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are partial cross-sectional views of an insulator of another embodiment. Further, the arrangement, shape, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made in accordance with the gist of the present invention.
[0024]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a motor 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The motor 10 includes a yoke housing 20, a magnet 30, an armature 40, a commutator 60 attached to the rotating shaft 50, a brush 70, and the like.
[0025]
The yoke housing 20 includes a cylindrical portion 20a formed in a cylindrical shape, and an end portion 20b closing one open end of the cylindrical portion 20a. In this example, a magnet 30 serving as a semi-cylindrical magnet is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 20a of the yoke housing 20, and the armature 40 is arranged on the inner peripheral side of the magnet 30. . Since the bearing 21 is attached to the center of the end portion 20b, one end of the rotating shaft 50 of the armature 40 is rotatably supported. The other end of the rotating shaft 50 extends from the yoke housing 20 via the bearing 22 and functions as an output shaft.
[0026]
In the motor 10 of the present embodiment, two brushes 70 are arranged to face each other with the commutator 60 interposed therebetween. As will be described later, the commutator 60 has 16 commutator pieces 61, and the commutator pieces 61 to be at the same potential are electrically connected to each other by a short-circuit member. The number of brushes 70 is not limited to two, but may be four, for example.
[0027]
The armature 40 includes a rotor core 41, a winding 42, an insulator 80, and a rotating shaft 50. On the armature 40, a laminated rotor core 41 is provided corresponding to the axial position of the magnet 30, and is integrally fixed to the rotating shaft 50. An insulator 80 formed by resin molding is attached to the rotor core 41 for insulation from the winding 42. That is, the insulator 80 is provided between the rotor core 41 and the winding 42.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 2, insulators 80 are attached from both axial sides of the rotor core 41 fixed to the rotating shaft 50 (the lower side is not shown), and a commutator 60 is inserted into one end of the rotating shaft 50. After being fixed, the winding 42 is wound to form the armature 40. In addition, only the insulator 80 mounted on the side of the commutator 60 is provided with a connecting portion 82b for electrically connecting to the commutator piece 61 of the commutator 60.
[0029]
The rotor core 41 of this example is configured by laminating a plurality of two types of core sheets 41a and 41b. The core sheet 41a having a circular opening at the center is not directly fixed to the rotating shaft 50 but is caulked and fixed to the adjacent core sheet 41a or 41b. The core sheet 41b is caulked and fixed to the adjacent core sheets 41a and 41b, and is also fixed to the rotating shaft 50.
[0030]
Several core sheets 41a are provided on the output side and the commutator 60 side of the rotor core 41, respectively, and the core sheet 41b is provided at the axial center of the rotor core 41. By laminating the core sheets 41a, concave portions are formed at the center portions on both axial sides of the rotor core 41.
[0031]
The insulator 80 is made of an insulating and thermosetting resin material such as a phenol resin or an acetal resin, and is formed in accordance with the shape of the slot of the rotor core 41, and the winding 42 is wound therearound. A plurality of teeth portions 80a and an end surface insulating portion 80b connecting the plurality of teeth portions 80a and insulating the axial end surface of the rotor core 41 are provided. An opening 80c through which the rotary shaft 50 is inserted is formed at the center of the end surface insulating portion 80b. Around the opening 80c, a connecting portion 82b is provided upright so as to protrude toward the commutator 60 side.
[0032]
FIG. 3 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the insulator 80. The insulator 80 has a connecting portion 82b protruding toward the commutator 60 and an annular portion 80d protruding around the opening 80c on the rotor core 41 side. In the annular portion 80d, a plurality of (eight in this example) terminals 82 as short-circuit members are laminated via an insulating member 84 (see FIG. 5). From 82, two connecting portions 82b extend to the commutator 60 side.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 4, the terminal 82 includes an annular portion 82a and two connecting portions 82b. The two connecting portions 82b are disposed at approximately 180 degrees opposite to the annular portion 82a. The terminal 82 is formed by pressing a conductive thin plate and bending the connecting portion 82b. Two connecting arms 82d are formed in the connecting portion 82b.
[0034]
Note that the terminal 82 of this example includes the annular ring portion 82a, but the annular portion 82a may not be annular as long as the connection portion 82b can be held and electrically connected. For example, the shape may be such that one of the paths connecting the connecting portions 82b is cut. By doing so, the weight of the terminal 82 is reduced, which leads to a reduction in the weight of the motor 10.
[0035]
When the connection portion 61b of the commutator 60 is inserted into the connection arm portion 82d of the connection portion 82b, the connection portion 61b is elastically pressed down by the connection arm portion 82d to be fitted, so that the terminal 82 and the commutator piece 61 are fitted. Are electrically connected. When the terminal 82 is connected to the connection portion 61b, the two commutator pieces 61 located on opposite sides of the rotary shaft 50 on the outer periphery of the commutator 60 are short-circuited.
[0036]
The insulating member 84 is formed of an insulating resin into a substantially circular thin plate shape. The insulating member 84 has an opening in the center of the plane portion 84a, and a groove 84b in which the connecting portion 82b is arranged is formed at the outer edge of the plane portion 84a. The terminals 82 are spatially separated in a stacked state and insulated from each other and positioned by the insulating members 84 arranged between the terminals 82.
[0037]
The insulator 80 is integrally formed by resin injection molding using the terminals 82 and the insulating members 84 alternately stacked in a predetermined mold as insert members. The terminals 82 are stacked such that the positions of the connection portions 82b are shifted in phase in the circumferential direction so that the connection portions 82b correspond to the arrangement of the commutator pieces 61 of the commutator 60.
[0038]
Alternatively, the terminals 82 may be spatially separated in the axial direction without interposing the insulating member 84 and arranged in a mold, and these terminals 82 may be integrally formed as an insert member by resin injection molding. In this case, the terminal 82 is provided with a fixing piece extending outward from the annular portion 82a, and the fixing piece is supported in the mold so that the position of the terminal 82 is fixed in the mold. Can be. The fixing piece may be treated so that it does not cut or contact with other members after molding.
[0039]
Although the distances between the stacked terminals 82 to the end surface insulating portion 80b are different, the lengths of the legs 82c of the connecting portions 82b are adjusted so that the heights of the connecting portions 82b with respect to the end surface insulating portion 80b are uniform. Should be different.
[0040]
Further, since a core sheet 41 a having a circular opening at the center is laminated on the commutator 60 side of the rotor core 41, a concave portion is formed on an end surface of the rotor core 41, and the insulator 80 is rotated. When mounted on the child core 41, an annular portion 80d protruding from the back side of the insulator 80 fits into the concave portion.
[0041]
As shown in FIG. 2, the commutator 60 has a configuration in which 16 commutator pieces 61 are disposed around an insulating material having a circular opening. Adjacent commutator segments 61 are spaced apart from each other and are insulated from each other. The commutator piece 61 includes a riser portion 61a and a connection portion 61b. The connecting portion 61b is a thin plate-shaped engaging piece extending from the brush sliding portion of the commutator piece 61 to the lower side of the commutator 60.
[0042]
A winding 42 is wound around a slot of the rotor core 41 by a predetermined winding method, and the winding 42 is locked by a riser portion 61a and connected by fusing. In the motor 10 of the present embodiment, the commutator pieces 61 located on the opposite side of the commutator piece 61 disposed on the outer periphery of the commutator 60 with the rotary shaft 50 interposed therebetween are short-circuited by the terminal 82 on the assumption that they should have the same potential. It is supposed to be.
[0043]
When the commutator 60 is press-fitted into the rotating shaft 50 to which the rotor core 41 and the insulator 80 are attached and attached to a predetermined position, the connection portion 61b of the commutator 60 is connected to the connection portion 82b that projects in the axial direction from the insulator 80. It fits in the arm 82d and comes into elastic contact with the connecting arm 82d. Thus, the commutator piece 61 is electrically connected to another commutator piece 61 via the terminal 82.
[0044]
According to the present embodiment, the following effects are obtained by the above configuration.
(1) In the motor 10 of the present embodiment, a plurality of terminals 82 are laminated and integrally formed in the insulator 80, and each commutator piece 61 of the commutator 60 has a connecting portion 61b facing the insulator 80 side. Is formed. With such a configuration, when the commutator 60 is attached to the predetermined position of the rotating shaft 50, the connecting portion 61b and the connecting portion 82b are engaged and electrically connected.
[0045]
In this manner, the commutator pieces 61 to be equipotential are connected to each other only by attaching the commutator 60 to the rotating shaft 50 in the same manner as in the normal assembling work, so that the connection work between the short-circuit member and the commutator piece is reduced. It will be easier. Since it is not necessary to connect the ends of the short-circuit members to the commutator pieces as in the related art, the number of work steps can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.
[0046]
(2) Further, since the insulator 80 of the present example has a structure in which the short-circuit member is integrally formed, the handling of parts becomes easy and the number of assembling work steps is reduced.
[0047]
(3) Further, in the motor 10 of the present embodiment, the terminal 82 serving as a short-circuit member is laminated in the thickness direction of the insulator 80, so that the diameter of the commutator 60 is not limited. It becomes possible to arrange a short circuit member.
[0048]
Note that the embodiment of the present invention may be modified as follows.
In the above embodiment, the terminals 82 and the insulating members 84 are alternately stacked on the rotor core 41 side of the end face insulating portion 80b of the insulator 80. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and as shown in FIG. The annular portion 80d may be formed to protrude toward the commutator 60. In this case, the core sheet 41b can be arranged on the commutator 60 side of the rotor core 41. Further, the end face insulating portion 80b may be formed to protrude on both sides in the axial direction.
[0049]
In the above-described embodiment, the connecting portion 61b of the commutator 60 is configured to fit into the connecting portion 82b of the insulator 80. However, the present invention is not limited to this. A fitting piece may be provided on the side, and the fitting piece may be formed so as to fit with the fitted portion.
[0050]
In the above embodiment, the connecting portion 82b of the insulator 80 is formed integrally with the terminal 82. However, a separate connecting component is attached to the leg 82c extending from the annular portion 82a of the terminal 82, The connection part 61b of the commutator piece 61 and the terminal 82 may be connected via the connection part.
[0051]
As shown in FIG. 7, the leg portion 82c of the terminal 82 is extended and bent outwardly (or inward) in the radial direction so as to have a predetermined curvature to form an elastic connecting portion 82e. The connecting portion 61b may be formed by bending the distal end portion of the engaging piece extending to the lower side of the child 60. In this case, by attaching the commutator 60 to the predetermined position of the rotary shaft 50, the connecting portion 61b is elastically brought into contact with the connecting portion 82e.
[0052]
In the above embodiment, the commutator pieces 61 located on opposite sides of the rotary shaft 50 are electrically connected to each other via the terminal 82. However, the present invention is not limited to the position and the position, and it is possible to configure so that the predetermined commutator pieces 61 are connected via the terminals 82. In this case, the plurality of connecting portions 82b of the terminal 82 may be formed so as to form a predetermined angle with the outer edge of the annular portion 82a in accordance with the respective positions of the commutator pieces 61 to be short-circuited.
[0053]
In the above embodiment, the terminal 82 is formed integrally with the insulator 80 by resin injection molding. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the terminal 82 and the insulating member 84 are alternately formed on the surface of the end surface insulating portion 80b of the insulator 80. They may be stacked so that they are fixed to the insulator 80 with a fixing member.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the insulator, the commutator, and the motor of the present invention, the insulator and the commutator having the function as the pressure equalizing device are provided with the short-circuit member provided at the insulator on the end face of the insulator. The piece was formed such that a connection portion connected to the short-circuit member extended.
With this configuration, the insulator can be provided with a short-circuit member that short-circuits the commutator pieces without being limited by the diameter of the commutator. In addition, since the insulator and the commutator can be easily connected to the commutator pieces of the commutator and the short-circuit member provided on the insulator, the mounting workability is improved. Accordingly, it is possible to provide an insulator, a commutator, and a motor in which the assembling work of the motor does not take much time and the workability and productivity are improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a motor according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a commutator, an insulator, and a rotor core of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of the insulator of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a terminal according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an insulating member according to the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a partial sectional view of an insulator according to another embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a partial sectional view of an insulator according to another embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
Reference Signs List 10 motor, 20 yoke housing, 20a cylindrical portion, 20b end portion, 21, 22 bearing, 30 magnet, 40 armature, 41 rotor core, 41a, 41b core sheet, 42 winding, 50 rotation shaft, 60 commutator, 61 commutator piece, 61a riser section, 61b connection section, 70 brush, 80 insulator, 80a teeth section, 80b end face insulation section, 80c opening hole, 80d ring section, 82 terminal, 82a ring section, 82b connection section, 82c Leg, 82d connecting arm, 82e connecting, 84 insulating member, 84a flat, 84b groove

Claims (9)

An insulator covering a rotor core fixed to a rotating shaft of a motor having a commutator,
An insulator, wherein a short-circuiting member for short-circuiting a predetermined commutator piece of the commutator is provided at an end surface insulating portion that insulates an end face of the rotor core on the commutator side in the rotation axis direction. The insulator according to claim 1, wherein the short-circuit member is formed integrally with the end surface insulating portion. In the short-circuit member, a connection portion that contacts the commutator piece is formed,
The insulator according to claim 1, wherein the connecting portion protrudes from the end face insulating portion in a direction of a rotation axis on a side of the commutator. 4. 4. The insulator according to claim 3, wherein the connection portion formed on the short-circuit member elastically contacts the connection portion formed on the commutator piece. 5. 4. The insulator according to claim 3, wherein a connection portion formed on the short-circuit member is fitted and abutted with a connection portion formed on the commutator piece. 5. The connecting portion formed on the short-circuit member is fixedly contacted with a connecting portion formed on the commutator piece when the commutator is inserted into the rotating shaft. Item 6. The insulator according to any one of items 5. The insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the short-circuit member is formed of a conductive thin plate, and a plurality of the short-circuit members are stacked while being separated from each other in a rotation axis direction. . A commutator fixed to the rotating shaft together with the rotor core,
A plurality of commutator pieces of the commutator are formed with a riser portion to which a winding is connected, and a connection portion extending to the rotor core.
The commutator, wherein the connecting portion is connected to a short-circuit member on the rotor core side for electrically short-circuiting the predetermined commutator pieces. A motor comprising: the insulator according to any one of claims 1 to 7; and the commutator according to claim 8.

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