JP2004183903A - Vibration damper - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To damp vibration in the three-dimensional direction with a single damper. <P>SOLUTION: An upper portion of a first coil 86A inclined to the left side at a predetermined interval is connected to the upper portion of a second coil 86B inclined to the right side at a predetermined interval via a connection piece 80, and the lower portion of the first coil 86A is connected to the lower portion of the second coil 86B via a connection piece 82. By inclining a plurality of rings, and connecting upper and lower portions thereof via connection pieces, the rings are elastically deformed in the three-dimensional direction even when the connection pieces are relatively moved in the right-to-left direction or the vertical direction, and the vibration of a structure with the connection pieces connected thereto is damped by the restoration force. Further, the vibration generated in the upper and lower portions is isolated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a damping damper that suppresses floor shaking as a relatively small-scale building and floor isolation.

  In a relatively light building such as a detached house and a building with a long natural period (a building that easily shakes and has a large amount of deformation), as a countermeasure against earthquakes, seismic isolation is intended for heavy objects such as high-rise buildings. The structure cannot be used as it is. Also, as used in high-rise buildings, the TMD seismic structure that installs the vibration control device on the top floor is not suitable.

  Therefore, in the case of ordinary detached houses, the number of braces and the like is increased, and the structural strength and rigidity of the building are made larger than the inertial force of the building to prevent collapse due to an earthquake.

  However, this method cannot reduce the response acceleration and response displacement of the building, and cannot prevent the furniture or the like housed in the building from falling.

  On the other hand, there is also a light-isolated structure for lightweight houses that supports a building with a sliding bearing such as an iron ball and combines a damper that attenuates vibration. However, it is necessary to secure a separate space for constructing the base-isolated structure. Further, since the damping direction of a general damper is one direction, when a plurality of dampers are combined in a three-dimensional direction, the structure becomes complicated and a large installation space is required. Furthermore, the construction cost also increases.

  In view of such facts, an object of the present invention is to attenuate vibration in a three-dimensional direction with a single damper.

  In the first aspect of the present invention, an upper portion of the first ring that is inclined to the left side at a predetermined interval and an upper portion of the second ring that is inclined to the right side at a predetermined interval are: The upper connecting member is connected, and the lower portion of the first ring and the lower portion of the second ring are connected by the lower connecting member.

  In this way, by inclining a plurality of rings and connecting the upper and lower portions with a connecting member, the connecting member can be moved relative to the left and right, moved up and down, or moved back and forth, The ring is elastically deformed in the three-dimensional direction, and the vibration of the structure to which the connecting members are connected is attenuated by the restoring force. It also plays a role of isolating (blocking) vibrations generated at the upper and lower portions.

  In the second aspect of the invention, the upper and lower portions of the first coil that spirals and tilts to the left and the second coil that spirals and tilts to the right are connected by the upper connecting member and the lower connecting member, respectively.

  Thus, a large damping force can be exhibited by using a continuous spiral coil instead of a ring.

  In the invention according to claim 3, the ring and the coil described above are constituted by twisted wires. For this reason, compared with a single wire, the distorted portions rub against each other to generate a frictional force, so that the damping effect is also increased.

  In addition, as a material of a ring and a coil, steel materials (PC steel, iron, stainless steel, etc.) excellent in elastic characteristics are preferable.

  In the invention according to claim 4, both ends of a plurality of curved bars are connected to connecting members arranged vertically, and the outer shape of the bars is configured to be substantially spherical. In this way, by making the damper spherical, the vibration input from the three-dimensional direction can be lengthened by the bending elasticity of the bar, and the input energy can be reduced.

  Further, by crossing the bars, the frictional force is generated by rubbing each other, and the input energy can be reduced not only by the elastic force but also by the frictional force.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the bent portion is formed in the leaf spring, and the bent portion can be extended in the longitudinal direction of the leaf spring. As a result, the leaf spring can be deformed in two directions, that is, in a bending direction and in an axial direction.

  In the invention described in claim 6, two bent portions are formed in the leaf spring, and the bending directions of the bent portions are different by 90 degrees. That is, it can be used as a damper that can deal with vibration in a three-dimensional direction by adding another direction of bending deformation.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, a first connecting member that fixes a substantially intermediate portion of a wire having a predetermined length, and the first connecting member are arranged opposite to each other, bent in a circular shape in a side view, and a truss in a front view. And a second connecting member for fixing an end portion of the wire twisted so as to draw a shape.

  As a result, the wire supports the vertical load as a truss and exhibits a damping force against the load from the horizontal direction due to the twist of the wire. Moreover, since a wire can be processed freely, workability is good.

  The invention according to claim 8 is a leaf spring bent into a ring shape, an upper connecting member for fixing one end of the leaf width direction or one of the leaf surfaces of the leaf spring to the upper structure, and the leaf spring. And a lower connecting member for fixing the other end of the plate width direction or the other of the plate surfaces to the lower structure.

  As a result, the leaf spring supports the upper structure, and the vibration acting in the horizontal direction is damped by the deformation rigidity when the ring-shaped circle is deformed into an ellipse.

  Since the present invention has the above-described configuration, it is possible to attenuate the vibration in the three-dimensional direction with a single damper.

  A vibration damper according to the first embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1-2, the damping damper 78 which concerns on a 1st form is equipped with the metal fittings 80 and 82 which are thick and long plate shape up and down. Through holes 84 are formed at predetermined intervals on the side surfaces of the connection fittings 80 and 82.

  A spiral first coil 86A (made of iron, steel, stranded wire, wire rope, PC steel, alloy, etc.) is inserted into the through hole 84 from the left side, and the back side rises directly, The front side is inclined to the left. Both end portions of the first coil 86A are crimped or fixed by welding or the like so as not to come out of the through hole 84.

  On the other hand, the spiral second coil 86B is inserted from the right side, the rear side rises directly, and the front side is inclined to the right side. Both ends of the second coil 86B are crimped so as not to come out of the through hole 84, or are fixed by welding or the like.

  When this damping damper 34 is viewed from the axial direction of the coil 86, both ends of the ellipse in the short axis direction drawn by the coil 86 are connected by the connecting fittings 80 and 82. Further, on the outer surfaces of the connection fittings 80 and 82, connection bolts 88 connected to the structure are projected at a predetermined interval.

  Next, the operation of the vibration damper according to this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a damping damper 78 is disposed between the floor beam 92 and the foundation beam 90, and the connection fitting 82 is fixed to the floor beam 92 and the connection fitting 80 is fixed to the foundation beam 90 with connection bolts 88. The building 12 is supported by a vibration damper 78. When no energy is input to the building 12, the upper load acts toward the center of the ellipse drawn by the coil 86.

  Here, when the building 12 swings up and down, the coil 86 is elastically deformed and crushed, and exhibits a damping force. Further, when the building 12 swings back and forth, as shown in FIG. 3, the coil 86 moves in the axial direction, and for example, the first coil 86A rises and the second coil 86B falls down to exert a damping force. Furthermore, when the building 12 swings to the left and right, as shown in FIG. 4, the ellipse drawn by the coil 86 falls down, and the friction between the lines exhibits a damping force due to the torsional deformation at that time due to the restoring force.

  With such a configuration, the coil 86 is elastically deformed in the three-dimensional direction and the vibration of the building 12 is attenuated by the restoring force.

  Next, a vibration damper according to the second embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, in the second embodiment, instead of the coil, a plurality of rings 94 are arranged at a predetermined interval, and the inclination direction is reversed left and right with the central portion as a boundary.

  The connecting metal fitting 96 is composed of an inner metal fitting 96B and an outer metal fitting 96A, and the flat plate portion 94A of the ring 94 is sandwiched between the two mating surfaces. Further, an insertion hole 102 through which the bolt 100 can be inserted is formed between the groove 98 and the groove 98, and the nut 104 and the bolt 100 are screwed together to form a ring between the inner metal fitting 96B and the outer metal fitting 96A. 94 is clamped and fixed.

  Thus, the ring 94 can also constitute the vibration damper 34 that is elastically deformed in the three-dimensional direction. Note that when the ring 94 and the coil 86 are formed of twisted wires, compared with a single wire, the portions are rubbed against each other to generate a frictional force, so that the damping effect is also increased. Further, the magnitude of the damping force can be adjusted by the thickness of the wire, the outer diameter of the ring and coil, the material, and the like. Further, the vibration damper may be configured by tilting the ring in one direction.

  Next, a vibration damper according to the third embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the damping damper 106 is configured by inserting and fixing both end portions of a plurality of semicircular curved wires 108 to the side surfaces of a columnar block 110 arranged vertically. The outer shape is substantially spherical. That is, by arranging the wires 108 so as to be symmetric with respect to the axis connecting the cores of the blocks 110, the spherical shape can be maintained even if the restoring force is exhibited.

  Further, the wires 108 cross each other at an intermediate portion, and are deformed and rubbed when a force is applied to the block 110. In addition, even if it does not cross | intersect a wire, the effect as a damper can fully be exhibited.

  Next, the operation of the vibration damper 106 according to this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the damping damper 106 is disposed between the floor beam 92 and the foundation beam 90, the block 110 is fixed to the floor beam 92 and the foundation beam 90, and the building 12 is supported by the damping damper 106. . When no energy is input to the building 12, the upper load acts on the axis of the block 110.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 12, the building 12 swings up and down, left and right, and back and forth, and vibrations input from the three-dimensional direction are lengthened by the characteristics of the bending elasticity of the wire 108 to reduce input energy. it can.

  In addition, by crossing the wires 108, they can rub against each other to generate a frictional force, and the input energy can be reduced not only by the elastic force but also by the frictional force. Furthermore, since the vertical cross-sectional shape is circular, analysis can be performed relatively easily.

  Next, a vibration damper according to the fourth embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 13, in the damping damper 112 of the fourth embodiment, an S-shaped bent portion 114A is formed at the center of a rectangular leaf spring 114, and the bent portion 114A is expanded and contracted in the Y-axis direction. It has become.

  That is, the leaf spring 114 has a bending moment 114A that is specified in one direction around the X axis because the sectional moment about the Y axis is significantly larger than the sectional moment about the X axis. By doing so, axial deformation in the Y-axis direction becomes possible.

  In addition, as a material of the leaf spring 114, a steel material (iron, extremely low yield point steel, hardened steel, ultra high strength steel, or the like) can be used. Moreover, although it is normally used as a spring for restoring force, it can also be used as an elastic-plastic damper.

  Next, the operation of the vibration damper 122 according to this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the damping damper 112 is fixed to the four directions of the foundation portion 116 of the building 12, and the building 12 is supported via the damping damper 112.

  At this time, the bolts 120 are inserted into the mounting holes 118 drilled at both ends of the leaf spring 114 to fix the vibration damper 112 to the foundation portion 116. As shown in FIG. 16, the vibration damping damper 112 on the near side swings around the lower bolt 120 so that the vibration damping damper 112 on the near side does not hinder the bending deformation of the left and right vibration damping dampers 112. The movement of the building 12 is followed.

  Further, when the building 12 swings back and forth, the left and right vibration damping dampers 112 center on the lower bolt 120 so that the left and right vibration damping dampers 112 do not hinder the bending deformation of the vibration damping dampers 112 disposed on the front and rear. The damper 112 swings and follows the movement of the building 12.

  In this way, by combining the vibration damper 112, vibration in two horizontal directions can be attenuated while supporting the axial load.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 17, the damping damper 112 is placed sideways (the X axis is directed in the vertical direction so as to increase the bending rigidity in the vertical direction), and the four sides of the double flooring 122 are supported. It is possible to construct a base-isolated floor structure that attenuates vibrations in two horizontal directions. Further, the gap between the double flooring 122 and the wall 124 can be laid with a carpet or the like using the damping damper 112 as a base material.

  In this embodiment, the shape of the bent portion is S-shaped. However, as long as it can be expanded and contracted, it may have a dogleg shape like the damping damper 126 shown in FIG. 18, and the damping damper 128 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 20, it may be Z-shaped, or may be semicircular like a damping damper 130 shown in FIG.

  Next, a vibration damper according to the fifth embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 21, the damping damper 132 of the fifth embodiment combines two leaf springs 114 described in the fourth embodiment, has a shape in which the Y axis is coaxial and the X axis is orthogonal. ing.

  With this configuration, the damper can cope with the vibration in the three-dimensional direction that is expanded and contracted in the Y-axis direction by the two bent portions 114A and is bent and deformed in two horizontal directions.

  Next, the operation of the vibration damper 132 according to this embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 22, the damping damper 122 is fixed to two directions of the foundation portion 116 of the building 12, and the building 12 is supported via the damping damper 132.

  Here, unlike the vibration damper 112 of the fourth embodiment, the vibration damper 132 itself is bent and deformed in two horizontal directions (front and rear, left and right of the building), so that the number of use points can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 23, a double flooring 134 used in a high-rise building or the like may be suspended from the upper structural floor 136 by a vibration damper 132. Thus, by using the damping damper 132 as a suspension material, the set position of the double flooring material 134 can be maintained, and the suspension material itself adds a seismic isolation function to the double flooring material 134.

  Note that a damping device 138 (see Japanese Patent Application No. 9-89800) filed by the present inventor is set between the double floor material 134 and the structural floor 136, and the vibration of the double floor material 134 is set. Is further suppressed.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 24, a toggle mechanism may be configured with wooden square members 202 and 204 inside a normal column 200.

  That is, holes are formed in the end portions of the square members 202 and 204 and attached to the metal plate 206 that also serves as reinforcement of the pillars 200 so as to be rotatable. The free ends of the square members 202 and 204 are connected by pins 208. An auxiliary mass 210 such as an iron plate is attached to the pin 208 to reduce input energy. Further, a hydraulic damper 212 is attached to the free ends of the square members 202 and 204 to absorb vibration energy.

  Thus, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by making the toggle mechanism wooden. In addition, no special material is required, and it can be easily assembled with nails, wood screws and the like. Furthermore, when retrofitting to an existing building, for example, the construction is completed simply by removing the inner shelf of the press-in, attaching the vibration control unit, and returning the inner shelf to its original position.

  Next, a vibration damper 214 according to the sixth embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 25 to 27, the vibration damping damper 214 according to the sixth embodiment includes a base plate 216 fixed to the floor beam and the foundation beam. On the base plate 216, boss portions 218 having an internal thread cut on the inner peripheral surface project in a direction facing each other.

  Presser plates 220 and 222 are overlaid on the boss portion 218 and fastened to the base plate 216 with bolts 226. Wires 224 are respectively fixed between the base plate 216 and the presser plates 220 and 222, and a truss shape (triangular shape) is drawn in a side view as shown in FIG.

  Here, the attachment method of the wire 224 will be described. First, the wire 224 is cut into an appropriate length (this length is determined according to the size and inclination of the circle constituting the wire), and the central portion thereof is cut. Is fixed by the base plate 216 and the presser plate 220. The ends are fixed with the base plate 216 and the presser plate 222 while twisting left and right with this fixing portion as a boundary to form a circle (the portion shown by the oblique lines is a single wire). Thus, in this embodiment, the damping damper 214 is configured so that a total of eight wires are brought together.

  With such a configuration, the wire 224 supports a vertical load as a truss, and exhibits a damping force against the load from the horizontal direction due to the twist of the wire 224 and the friction between the wires.

  In addition, the damping damper 214 does not need to be formed into a precise circle as compared to the coil-type damping damper shown in FIG. 1, and the tilt angle can be freely set, so that the wire fixing position can be changed back and forth. There is no particular problem even if it is shifted, so workability is good. Furthermore, the rigidity in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction can be freely adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the wire, the size of the circle to be formed, and the tilt angle of the wire.

  Next, a vibration damper 240 according to the seventh embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 28 and 29, the damping damper 240 has a leaf spring 232 (iron, hardened steel plate, etc.) bent in a circular shape, and one of the diameter directions is fixed to the floor beam 93 by a fixing plate 242. The other of the directions is fixed to the foundation beam 91 by a fixing plate 244.

  With such a configuration, the load of the building 12 is supported in the strong axis direction (width direction) of the leaf spring 232, and the vibration acting in the horizontal direction is attenuated by the deformation rigidity when the circle is deformed into an ellipse.

  In this embodiment, a single leaf spring is used to form a circle, but a semicircular plate spring may be combined to form a circle. Moreover, in order to give directionality to a horizontal direction, you may curve a leaf | plate spring beforehand so that it may become an ellipse.

  Further, the rigidity in the vertical direction can be adjusted by the plate thickness and width of the leaf spring, and the rigidity in the horizontal direction can be adjusted by the size (diameter) and plate thickness of the circle. In addition, the rigidity can be improved by overlapping the leaf springs.

  Next, a vibration damper 230 according to the eighth embodiment will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 30 and 31, the damping damper 230 has a leaf spring 232 bent in a circular shape, and an upper portion in the diameter direction is fixed by a fixed plate 236 and a lower portion is fixed by a fixed plate 234. The fixing plates 234 and 236 are attached to the floor beam 92 and the foundation beam 90.

  As shown in FIG. 31, four leaf springs 232 are arranged so that the curved portions protrude in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, and can cope with the shaking of the building 12 in the front-rear and left-right directions.

  With such a configuration, the vibration in the vertical direction is attenuated by the bending and restoring force of the leaf spring 232, and the vibration in the horizontal direction is attenuated by the torsion of the leaf spring 232. In order to make the rigidity in the horizontal direction uniform, the leaf spring may be assembled in a ball shape as shown in FIG.

It is a disassembled perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 1st form. It is a side view of the damping damper concerning the 1st form. It is the side view which showed the motion of the damping damper which concerns on a 1st form. It is the front view which showed the motion of the damping damper which concerns on a 1st form. It is an elevation view which shows the attachment state of the damping damper which concerns on a 1st form. It is a disassembled perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 2nd form. It is a side view of the damping damper concerning the 2nd form. It is the side view which showed the motion of the damping damper which concerns on a 2nd form. It is the front view which showed the motion of the damping damper which concerns on a 2nd form. It is a perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 3rd form. It is an elevation view which shows the attachment state of the damping damper which concerns on a 3rd form. It is an elevation view which shows the motion of the damping damper which concerns on a 3rd form. It is a perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 4th form. It is an elevation view which shows the attachment state of the damping damper which concerns on a 4th form. It is a plane sectional view showing the attachment state of the damping damper concerning the 4th form. It is an elevation view which shows the motion of the damping damper which concerns on a 4th form. It is a top view which shows the other usage example of the damping damper which concerns on a 4th form. It is a side view which shows the modification of the damping damper which concerns on a 4th form. It is a side view which shows the modification of the damping damper which concerns on a 4th form. It is a side view which shows the modification of the damping damper which concerns on a 4th form. It is a perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 5th form. It is an elevation view which shows the attachment state of the damping damper which concerns on a 5th form. It is an elevational view showing an example in which the vibration damper according to the fifth embodiment is used as a suspension material for double flooring. It is a perspective view which shows a damping unit. It is a side view of the damping damper concerning a 6th form. It is a front view of the damping damper concerning a 6th form. It is a perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 6th form. It is an elevation view which shows the attachment state of the damping damper which concerns on a 7th form. It is a principal part perspective view of the damping damper concerning a 7th form. It is an elevation view which shows the attachment state of the damping damper which concerns on an 8th form. It is a principal part perspective view of the damping damper concerning an 8th form.

Explanation of symbols

86A 1st coil
86B 2nd coil
80 connecting member (lower connecting member)
82 Connecting member (Upper connecting member)
108 Wire (bar material)
110 blocks (connection members)
114 leaf spring
114A bent part
224 wire
216 Base plate (first connecting member, second connecting member)
220 Presser plate (first connecting member, second connecting member)
222 Presser plate (first connecting member, second connecting member)
232 leaf spring
242 Fixing plate (lower connecting member)
244 Fixing plate (upper connecting member)

Claims (8)

  A first ring disposed at a predetermined interval and inclined to the left side; a second ring disposed at a predetermined interval and inclined to the right side; and an upper connecting member for fixing upper portions of the first ring and the second ring to each other And a lower connecting member for fixing the lower portions of the first ring and the second ring to each other.   A first coil that draws a spiral and tilts to the left, a second coil that draws a spiral and tilts to the right, an upper connecting member that fixes upper portions of the first coil and the second coil, the first coil, and the And a lower connecting member for fixing the lower portions of the second coil to each other.   The damping damper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ring and the coil are constituted by twisted wires.   A damping damper, wherein both ends of a plurality of curved bar members are connected to a connecting member arranged vertically, so that the outer shape of the bar member is substantially spherical.   A damping damper, wherein a leaf spring is formed with a bent portion capable of expanding and contracting in a longitudinal direction.   2. A damping damper, wherein a leaf spring is formed with two bent portions that can be expanded and contracted in a longitudinal direction, and the bending directions of the two bent portions are different by 90 degrees.   A first connecting member that fixes a substantially intermediate portion of a wire having a predetermined length, and is disposed to face the first connecting member, bent in a circular shape in a side view, and twisted to draw a truss shape in a front view. And a second connecting member for fixing an end of the wire. A plate spring bent into a ring shape, an upper connecting member that fixes one end or plate surface of the plate spring in the plate width direction to the upper structure, and the other end or plate surface of the plate spring in the plate width direction And a lower connecting member for fixing the other of the first to the lower structure.

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