JP2004050197A - Shearing device and shearing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shearing device and a shearing method for reducing generation of burrs. <P>SOLUTION: The shearing device 100 fixes a part of a plate-like material PL by a clamp mechanism CL comprising a fixed die 12, a pressing die 22 and a compression spring 25, lowers a squeezing die 23 with respect to a holding die 13, and holds the plate-like material PL between the holding die 13 and the squeezing die 23 to squeeze the plate-like material PL by a predetermined quantity. Then, the sheering device shears the plate-like material PL by lowering the plate-like material PL with respect to the clamp mechanism CL while holding both sides of the plate-like material PL by the holding die 13 and the squeezing die 23. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shearing device and a shearing method for shearing a plate-like material.
[0002]
[Prior art and its problems]
As a prior art relating to a shearing apparatus and a shearing method for shearing a plate-like material, there is one disclosed in JP-A-2000-117344. The prior art disclosed in this publication is intended to reduce the generation of burrs, and the punched portion of the plate-shaped material is made thinner by pressing it with a pressing tool, and furthermore, the punched portion which becomes thinner Is a method of punching and separating by punching.
[0003]
However, the inventor of the present invention has tried the above-described conventional plate material shearing method, and depending on the type of the plate material, the reduction of burrs during shearing is not perfect, and in particular, When shearing a thin plate material having a plate thickness of less than 1 mm, the finish was not satisfactory due to generation of burrs.
[0004]
Summary of the Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a shearing device and a shearing method capable of reducing the generation of burrs.
[0005]
In the first invention of the present invention, a clamping mechanism for fixing a part of the plate-shaped material, a holding die for holding the remaining part of the plate-shaped material, Squeezing the plate-shaped material in between, and crushing the plate-shaped material by a predetermined amount, and holding the plate-shaped material crushed by a predetermined amount on both sides while clamping the plate-shaped material to the clamping mechanism. A shearing device is provided with a separation mechanism for shearing the plate material by relatively moving the plate material in the thickness direction.
[0006]
According to the configuration of the first invention, when the separating mechanism moves relative to the clamp mechanism in the thickness direction of the plate-like material and shears the plate-like material, the separation mechanism moves the plate-like material that has been crushed by a predetermined amount. Since both surfaces are sandwiched, the flow of the material from the peripheral portion to the shearing portion is prevented, and the occurrence of burrs is reduced.
[0007]
In the above-described detailed configuration of the first invention, a fixing portion is further provided, and the separating mechanism is constituted by the holding mold and the crushing mold, and an elastic member is provided between the fixing portion and the holding mold. By providing a mechanism, a predetermined amount of set load is applied to the holding mold, and after the plate-shaped material is crushed by a predetermined amount, further, the crushing mold approaches the holding mold, and the setting is performed. The crushing mold presses the holding mold with a load larger than the load, and the crushing mold and the holding mold move with respect to the clamp mechanism while pinching the plate material, thereby shearing the plate material. The shearing apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that:
[0008]
According to the detailed configuration of the first invention, after the plate-shaped material is crushed by a predetermined amount, the crushing die and the holding die shear the plate-shaped material while sandwiching the plate-shaped material, whereby the crushing die is formed. , The crushing and shearing of the plate-like material can be performed continuously, the productivity is good, the configuration is simple, and a compact, lightweight and low-cost shearing apparatus can be obtained.
[0009]
Further, in another detailed configuration of the first invention, the crushing mold includes a crushing blade for crushing the plate-like material, a concave portion provided near the crushing blade, the crushing blade and the concave portion. The shearing apparatus according to the first invention, comprising a slope portion connecting the crushing blade and the slope portion with a curved portion having a radius of 3.5 mm or more between the crushing blade and the slope portion. And
[0010]
According to another detailed configuration of the first invention, a curved surface portion having a radius of 3.5 mm or more is provided between the crushing blade and the inclined surface portion. Since the material smoothly flows out of the shearing portion and reaches the concave portion, a shearing device with less burrs can be obtained.
[0011]
In the second invention of the present invention, a portion of the plate material is fixed, and the plate material is crushed by a predetermined amount by pinching a remaining portion of the plate material. Shearing, characterized in that the plate-like material is sheared by being moved relative to a part of the fixed plate-like material in a thickness direction thereof while holding both sides of the crushed plate-like material. Processing method.
[0012]
According to the configuration of the second invention, when the plate material is moved relative to a part of the fixed plate material in the plate thickness direction to shear the plate material, the plate material crushed by a predetermined amount , The material is prevented from flowing from the peripheral portion to the shearing portion, and the occurrence of burrs is reduced.
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 4 shows an example of a product to be sheared by the shearing device 100 (shown in FIG. 1) according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, a metal layer made of a metal material such as iron, aluminum, and stainless steel has a thickness of 0.1 mm. The plate material PL of several mm is subjected to shearing by the shearing device 100 according to the present invention, and the central part CE is punched out and separated into the central part CE and the peripheral part FR. The central part CE is sent to the next process to be commercialized. In addition, the plate-shaped material PL that is sheared by the shearing device 100 according to the present invention does not necessarily have a thickness of 0.1 mm. It does not have to be several millimeters, but can be applied to materials of all thicknesses.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a shearing device 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state in which the upper die 20 of the shearing device 100 is at the bottom dead center (a state in which the plate-shaped material PL is sheared). The shearing processing device 100 includes a lower mold 10 and an upper mold 20. In FIG. 1, the above-described plate material PL is installed between the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 20.
[0015]
The lower die 10 is placed on a die base of a press device (not shown), while the upper die 20 has an upper end connected to a drive mechanism of the press device (not shown). The upper mold 20 is lowered in the figure by the driving force from the driving mechanism of the press device, and shears the plate material PL by engaging with the lower mold 10. Thereafter, a driving force acts on the upper die 20 in a direction opposite to the shearing direction by the driving mechanism of the press device, and the upper die 20 is pulled upward in the figure, and a predetermined distance is formed between the upper die 20 and the lower die 10. The spacing is maintained.
[0016]
The lower die 10 includes a base 11 which is a fixing part of the present invention installed at the lowermost part, a substantially rectangular fixed die 12 fixed to the center of the base 11, and a vertical direction with respect to the base 11 in FIG. And a frame-shaped holding mold 13 surrounding the fixed mold 12. The base 11 is composed of two layers of members as shown in the figure. The holding mold 13 has a function of holding the plate material PL around the fixed mold 12. The holding die 13 is provided with a guide hole 13a, which is a stepped through hole, and a step 13a1 is provided above the guide hole 13a.
[0017]
A guide pin 14 is inserted through the guide hole 13a so as to be movable in the axial direction. The upper end of the guide pin 14 has a large diameter, and a shoulder 14a is provided so as to engage with the step 13a1 of the guide hole 13a. On the other hand, the lower end of the guide pin 14 is fixed to the base 11 by screwing. The guide pin 14 plays a role of guiding the holding die 13 when the holding die 13 moves in the vertical direction in the figure with respect to the base 11.
[0018]
Further, a compression spring 15 corresponding to the elastic mechanism of the present invention is interposed between the base 11 and the holding die 13 so as to surround the guide pin 14. 1, the shoulder 14 a of the guide pin 14 engages with the step 13 a 1 of the guide hole 13 a in a state where the lower mold 10 is not engaged with the upper mold 20. To be positioned and held. In this state, a predetermined amount of clearance is set between the holding die 13 and the base 11, and a predetermined amount of upward load SF1 is applied to the holding die 13 by the compression spring 15.
[0019]
In a state where the lower die 10 is not engaged with the upper die 20, the upper end surfaces of the fixed die 12 and the holding die 13 are almost uniform in the drawings. A plurality of guide pins 14 and compression springs 15 are provided on the lower mold 10, but FIG. 1 shows only one of them.
[0020]
The upper die 20 has a base 21 connected to the driving mechanism of the above-described press device, and a pressing die which is movable in the vertical direction in the drawing with respect to the base 21 and has a substantially rectangular shape corresponding to the fixed die 12 of the lower die 10. 22 and a frame-shaped crushing mold 23 fixed to the base 21 and surrounding the pressing mold 22 corresponding to the holding mold 13 of the lower mold 10. The base 21 is made up of four layers of members as shown in the figure.
[0021]
Further, the base 21 is provided with a guide hole 21a which is a stepped through hole, and a step 21a1 is provided above the guide hole 21a. Further, a guide pin 24 is inserted through the guide hole 21a so as to be movable in the axial direction. The upper end of the guide pin 24 has a large diameter, and a shoulder 24a is provided so as to engage with the step 21a1 of the guide hole 21a. On the other hand, the lower end of the guide pin 24 is screwed and fixed to the pressing die 22. The guide pin 24 plays a role of guiding the pressing die 22 when the pressing die 22 moves vertically with respect to the base 21 in the drawing.
[0022]
Further, a compression spring 25 is interposed between the base 21 and the pressing die 22 so as to surround the guide pin 24, and the pressing die 22 receives a spring force from the compression spring 25, and as shown in FIG. When the lower mold 10 is urged downward and the lower mold 10 is not engaged with the upper mold 20, the shoulder 24a of the guide pin 24 engages with the step 21a1 of the guide hole 21a to be positioned and held. In this state, a predetermined amount of clearance is set between the pressing die 22 and the base 21, and a downward load of a predetermined amount SF 2 is applied to the pressing die 22 by the compression spring 25. Note that the load SF2 is set smaller than the load SF1 described above.
[0023]
When the lower die 10 is not engaged with the upper die 20, the lower end surface of the pressing die 22 is set to be lower than the lower end surface of the crushing die 23 in the figure (FIG. 2A). Shown). Further, a plurality of guide pins 24 and compression springs 25 are provided on the upper mold 20, but FIG. 1 shows only one of them. Note that, as clearly shown in FIG. 3, the right end of the pressing die 22 is shifted to the left in the drawing with respect to the right end of the fixed die 12. As a result, the crushing die 23 and the pressing die 22 do not come into contact with each other, and even if the crushing die 23 moves up and down with respect to the pressing die 22, loss due to frictional resistance between the crushing die 23 and the pressing die 22 is reduced. Does not occur.
[0024]
The pressing die 22 constitutes the clamp mechanism CL of the present invention by the fixed die 12 of the lower die 10 and the compression spring 25, and as described later, when the shearing device 100 is operated (the lower die 10 and the upper die 20). ), The central part (the part which becomes the central part CE after shearing) of the plate-shaped material PL is clamped and fixed by the fixed die 12 and the pressing die 22. The crushing die 23 has a crushing blade 23a (shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) on its lower surface, as described later, and the holding mechanism 13 of the lower die 10 and the compression spring 15 allow the separation mechanism DI of the present invention to be used. With this configuration, a peripheral portion (a portion that becomes the peripheral portion FR after the shearing process) of the portion sandwiched by the above-described clamp mechanism CL of the plate-shaped material PL is nipped and sheared.
[0025]
The compression spring 15 and the compression spring 25 can be replaced with a gas-filled chamber or an elastic body such as rubber as long as the compression spring 15 and the compression spring 25 generate a predetermined amount of set load on the holding mold 13 and the pressing mold 22. It is possible.
[0026]
The main guide pin 30 is fixed to the base 11 of the lower mold 10 by being fitted therein. On the other hand, a sleeve 21b is fixed to the base 21 of the upper die 20, and an upper portion of the main guide pin 30 is slidably inserted into an inner peripheral portion of the sleeve 21b. The main guide pin 30 plays a role of guiding the upper die 20 when the upper die 20 moves vertically with respect to the lower die 10 in the figure. Although a plurality of main guide pins 30 are provided between the lower mold 10 and the upper mold 20, only one of them is shown in FIG.
[0027]
Hereinafter, a shearing method using the shearing device 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view showing the operation of the main part of the shearing device 100 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the compression spring 25 of the clamp mechanism CL and the compression spring 15 of the separation mechanism DI are omitted. 2A to 2E, an arrow F indicates a load vector applied to the crushing die 23 in correspondence with a vector of a load SF1 applied to the holding die 13 by the compression spring 15.
[0028]
In FIG. 2A, the upper die 20 is placed at the top dead center by the driving mechanism of the press device, and the lower die 10 and the upper die 20 are disengaged from each other, and a predetermined interval is provided therebetween. ing. In this state, for example, a plate material PL having a thickness of 0.1 mm is placed on the fixed mold 12 and the holding mold 13, whereby the plate material PL is held by the fixed mold 12 and the holding mold 13.
[0029]
Next, a driving force is applied to the base 21 by the driving mechanism of the press device to move the upper mold 20 downward with respect to the lower mold 10. Then, as shown in FIG. 2B, first, the lower surface of the pressing die 22 of the upper die 20 comes into contact with the upper surface of the plate material PL, and the plate material PL is sandwiched together with the fixed die 12 of the lower die 10. Become. As described above, the load of the predetermined amount SF2 is set between the pressing die 22 and the base 21 by the compression spring 25 interposed between the pressing die 22 and the base 21. The compression spring 25 is compressed as it descends while abutting on the plate material PL, and its load increases, so that the pressing die 22 and the fixed die 12 constituting the clamp mechanism CL are pressed against the plate material PL by a load SF2 or more. Hold and fix the central part.
[0030]
Thereafter, when the upper die 20 is further lowered by the operation of the drive mechanism of the press device, the crushing blade 23a on the lower surface of the crushing die 23 comes into contact with the plate material PL as shown in FIG. At this time, the load that the crushing mold 23 presses the plate material PL is smaller than the set load SF1 of the compression spring 15 interposed between the holding mold 13 and the base 11 described above. They cannot be moved. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 2D, the crushing mold 23 approaches the holding mold 13, and the plate-shaped material PL is pressed between the holding mold 13 and the crushing mold 23, and the crushing mold 23 is crushed. The blade 23a begins to be crushed (cut) from its upper surface.
[0031]
As the upper mold 20 descends, the crushing of the plate-like material PL proceeds, and the plate-like material PL is crushed by a predetermined amount (cut by a predetermined amount), and the plate thickness before processing is 0.1 mm. When the remaining thickness of the crushed portion of the crushed plate material PL becomes 0.02 mm, the load of the crushing mold 23 pressing the holding mold 13 via the plate material PL reaches the set load SF1 by the compression spring 15. I do. When the load by which the crushing mold 23 presses the holding mold 13 becomes equal to or more than the set load SF1 by the compression spring 15, the compression of the compression spring 15 starts and the holding mold 13 descends, as shown in FIG. Then, the crushing mold 23 and the holding mold 13 sandwich the plate-shaped material PL while being integrated and descend with respect to the fixed mold 12 and the pressing mold 22 (clamp mechanism CL) (the plate is moved with respect to the clamp mechanism CL). Relative movement in the thickness direction of the sheet material PL). Therefore, the plate material PL is sheared while being sandwiched between the crushing mold 23 and the holding mold 13.
[0032]
After the plate material PL is sheared, a driving force acts on the upper mold 20 in a direction opposite to the shearing direction by the driving device of the press device, and the upper mold 20 is pulled upward in the figure. When the upper mold 20 is returned upward in FIG. 1, the pressing of the pressing mold 22 against the fixed mold 12 is released, so that the central portion CE of the sheared plate-shaped material PL can be taken out. With the rise of the crushing mold 23 that has been engaged, the holding mold 13 that has been released is returned upward by the spring force of the compression spring 15, so that the peripheral part FR of the plate-shaped material PL is also automatically moved by the holding mold 13. Payed upwards.
[0033]
According to the above-described embodiment, the other portion of the plate material PL is relatively moved in the plate thickness direction with respect to the clamp mechanism CL to which a part of the plate material PL is fixed, so that the plate material PL is moved. When shearing, the shearing portion is sandwiched between the crushing mold 23 and the holding mold 13, so that material can be prevented from flowing from the peripheral portion to the shearing portion, and generation of burrs due to shearing can be reduced. .
[0034]
According to the above-described embodiment, the compression mechanism 15 having a predetermined set load is interposed between the holding die 13 and the base 11 to constitute the separation mechanism DI. Only by lowering, the crushing and shearing of the plate material PL can be continuously performed, and there is no need to replace a punching blade or change the clamp of the plate material PL. The processing apparatus 100 can be used.
[0035]
Further, according to the above-described embodiment, the holding die 13 is returned upward by the spring force of the compression spring 15 with the rise of the upper die 20 after the shearing, so that the peripheral portion FR of the plate-shaped material PL also increases. The pushback of the plate material PL that has been automatically dispensed upward by the holding mold 13 and has been subjected to the shearing process (that is, the sheared materials are not completely separated from each other but remain connected to each other). Can be prevented.
[0036]
Next, the shape of the crushing mold 23 of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a main part when shearing is performed on the plate material PL by the shearing device 100. As shown in the figure, a recess 23b is connected to a crushing blade 23a of a crushing mold 23 via a slope 23c. The concave portion 23b has a shape in which the lower surface is receded from the blade surface of the crushing blade 23a by a predetermined amount, and has a space into which the material flows when the crushing blade 23a crushes the plate material PL. Further, the crushing blade 23a and the slope 23c are connected by a curved surface 23d. It is desirable that the curved surface portion 23d has a shape having a radius of 3.5 mm or more.
[0037]
When the plate-shaped material PL is crushed, the material pushed away by the crushing blade 23a flows into the concave portion 23b through the slope 23c. At this time, since the curved surface portion 23d is provided between the crushing blade 23a and the inclined surface portion 23c, the material flows out more smoothly and reaches the concave portion 23b, so that generation of burrs can be further reduced. In particular, if the radius of the curved surface portion 23d is 3.5 mm or more, the effect is remarkable.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a shearing device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2A is a view illustrating a state where a plate material is set on a lower mold of a shearing device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2A illustrates a state where the plate material is fixed by a fixed mold and a pressing mold of the shearing device. Fig. (B), Fig. (C) showing the crushing mold of the shearing device in contact with the plate material, (d) showing the crushing of the plate material with the crushing device of the shearing device, and It is a figure (e) showing the place where the plate-shaped material was sheared by the crush type and the holding type of the shearing device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the shape of a crushing type of the shearing device according to the present invention in detail.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view illustrating an example of a product processed by the shearing device according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... lower type, 11 ... base, 12 ... fixed type, 13 ... holding type, 15 ... compression spring, 20 ... upper type, 22 ... pressing type, 23 ... crushing type, 23a ... crushing blade, 23b ... concave part, 23c ... Slope part, 23d ... Curved surface part, 100 ... Shearing device, CL ... Clamp mechanism, DI ... Separation mechanism

Claims (4)

A clamp mechanism for fixing a part of the plate-like material,
A holding mold for holding the rest of the plate-like material,
By approaching the holding mold, the plate-shaped material is squeezed between the holding mold and the holding mold, and a crushing mold for crushing the plate-shaped material by a predetermined amount, and the plate-shaped crushed by a predetermined amount. A shearing device, comprising: a separation mechanism that shears the plate-shaped material by moving the plate-shaped material relative to the clamp mechanism in the thickness direction of the plate while holding both surfaces of the material. Furthermore, a fixing portion is provided, and the separation mechanism is constituted by the holding mold and the crushing mold, and by providing an elastic mechanism between the fixing portion and the holding mold, a predetermined amount of the holding mold is provided. After applying a set load and crushing the plate-shaped material by a predetermined amount, furthermore, the crushing mold approaches the holding mold, so that the crushing mold crushes the holding mold with a load larger than the set load. The shearing process according to claim 1, wherein the plate material is sheared by pressing and moving the crushing die and the holding die with respect to the clamp mechanism while holding the plate material. apparatus. The crushing mold includes a crushing blade for crushing the plate-like material, a concave portion provided near the crushing blade, and a slope portion connecting the crushing blade and the concave portion. The shearing device according to claim 1, wherein a curved surface portion having a radius of 3.5 mm or more is provided between the blade and the slope portion. While fixing a part of the plate-shaped material, the plate-shaped material is crushed by a predetermined amount by pinching the remaining portion of the plate-shaped material, and then both sides of the plate-shaped material crushed by the predetermined amount are pressed. A shearing method characterized by shearing the plate-like material by relatively moving a part of the fixed plate-like material in a thickness direction thereof while holding the plate-like material.

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