JP2003328695A - Segment and tunnel construction method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] [Problem] A segment that can wash the outside to remove backfill material, earth and sand, etc., facilitate the construction of a tunnel, shorten the construction period, and reduce the construction cost.
And a tunnel construction method using the same. SOLUTION: Inside a cylindrical skin plate 5 provided behind a shield excavator, a predetermined clearance C is formed between the skin plate 5 and an inner peripheral side thereof, and the cylindrical skin plate 5 is sequentially assembled into a cylindrical shape. A guide groove 15 is formed in a segment constituting the segment ring 11, and jet water streams wj ₂ and wj ₃ are jetted outward to wash the skin plate 5 and the clearance portion C.
To be guided along the outer peripheral side in the circumferential direction.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a segment capable of cleaning an outer skin plate and the like, and a tunnel construction method using the segment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a general shield construction method, a propulsion device such as a pressure jack provided in a shield excavator is used to press segment rings which are sequentially covered in the rear direction, and the reaction force is applied to the shield excavator. As a thrust of, shield tunnel will be built while excavating. Such shield tunnels are becoming more important especially in the construction of tunnels such as roads and railways in urban areas, and there is an increasing demand for long-distance excavation and deepening. Shielded tunnels often require partially widened tunnels along the way. For example, in the case of a railway tunnel such as a subway, a station section must be provided every 500 m to 1000 m, and in the case of a road tunnel, an emergency parking zone must be provided every approximately 500 m. Conventionally, as the method of constructing the widening part in the tunnel, the excavation method, the method of excavating and lining the widening pit by partially removing the segment after constructing the shield tunnel of the standard pit with a predetermined cross section, or exclusive for the widening pit The method of using the shield excavator, etc. was implemented.

In the excavation method, the ground environment is occupied for a long period of time, which has a great influence on the surrounding environment, resulting in a very large-scale construction. In addition, in the method of excavating and lining the widening pit by partially removing the segment after constructing the shield tunnel, there is much waste in removing the segment once lined, and it is necessary to improve the ground against soil pressure. Further, in the method of using the shield excavator dedicated to the widening pit, the shield excavator must be disassembled, transported and assembled. As described above, the conventional method requires a great deal of labor and labor and results in prolonging the construction period.

For these reasons, recently, the shield excavator is provided with a copy cutter capable of widening / reducing, and the side portion of the skin plate of the shield excavator is widened to simultaneously excavate / cover the standard pit and the wide pit. A construction method (tunnel construction method) has been tried. The inventors of the present application have previously described such a tunnel construction method in Japanese Patent Application No. 2001-4.
As proposed in 0252, the side portion of the skin plate is widened / reduced, and a standard pit segment and a widened pit segment are sequentially assembled on the inside thereof to construct a tunnel lining body, A standard tunnel and a widening tunnel will be built.

[0005]

In this tunnel construction method, in order to prevent the intrusion of soil, water, etc. into the segment, the special shape is sealed at the boundary between the standard tunnel and the widening tunnel in order to seal the two. The boundary member of is used. This boundary member is installed when widening the skin plate and is fixed to the end of the standard tunnel.
And a second partition plate that is fixed to the rear inner surface side of the skin plate side portion and that slides with the first partition plate. In this way, the first partition plate and the second partition plate are in intimate contact with each other, so that the seal can be accurately performed.

Before the boundary member is attached, it is necessary to temporarily seal the inside of the skin plate to prevent the ingress of earth and sand, water, etc. However, a problem arises when a backfill material or the like is used. If the ground is soft, it is often necessary to inject and fill a backfill material between the ground and the tunnel lining to prevent loosening of the ground due to the skin falling off the ground. However, if such a backfill material and the like are still wrapping around the inside of the skin plate, the sealing member (sealing member) cannot be sufficiently pressed inside the skin plate. That is, the foreign matter is present inside the skin plate, and the sealing cannot be performed accurately. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the backfill material before curing,
Since such a backfill material exists in the narrow portion between the inner peripheral side of the skin plate and the outer peripheral side of the segment, it is extremely difficult to remove it manually, etc. It takes time. As a result, the construction period is prolonged or the construction cost is soared that the improvement is required.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. It is possible to accurately remove the backfilling material and the like by cleaning the outside, facilitate the construction of the tunnel, shorten the construction period, and save the construction cost. An object of the present invention is to provide a segment that can be designed and a tunnel construction method using the segment.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a predetermined clearance is provided inside a tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator and between the skin plate and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. A hose for cleaning, which is a segment of a tunnel lining body that is sequentially assembled while forming parts, and which sprays high-pressure water from a spray nozzle toward the outside to clean the skin plate and the clearance part. Is formed, and a guide groove for guiding the cleaning hose along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side is formed.

In this way, the guide groove for guiding the cleaning hose along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side is formed, and the high pressure water is jetted outward to clean the skin plate and the clearance portion. Therefore, it is possible to accurately remove the backfill material, earth and sand, etc. that are clogged in the clearance portion or adhered to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate.

The invention according to claim 2 is the segment according to claim 1, wherein the segment extends from the inner peripheral side to the guide groove, and the cleaning hose is inserted from the inner peripheral side into the guide groove. It is characterized in that a through hole is formed.

As described above, since the cleaning hose can be inserted from the inner peripheral side of the tunnel lining body which can secure a wide space to the guide groove, the water supply means (pump) for supplying the high pressure water. Etc.), a large one can be used, and as a simple structure, the skin plate and the clearance portion can be accurately cleaned.

The invention according to claim 3 is the segment according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is an arc shape having a central angle larger than a semicircle. Characterize.

In this way, since the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is an arc shape having a central angle larger than a semicircle,
A generally used hose having a substantially circular cross section can be suitably inserted as a cleaning hose, and the cleaning hose can be accurately prevented from coming off the guide groove. Also, because it has an arc shape,
It is possible to further increase the strength of the segment without having a corner portion where stress concentration easily occurs.

The invention according to claim 4 is the segment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the segment is capable of projecting and retracting outward, and when protruding, it abuts against the skin plate and the clearance. A sealing member for sealing the portion is provided on the outer peripheral side in front of the guide groove.

As described above, since the seal member is provided on the front side of the guide groove, the clearance portion immediately after being cleaned can be accurately sealed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, inside the tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator,
It is a segment that forms a tunnel lining body and is formed on the outer peripheral side while forming a predetermined clearance portion between it and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. It is characterized in that a jet nozzle for jetting toward the jet nozzle and a water pipe for sending high-pressure water to the jet nozzle are provided.

As described above, since the jet nozzle and the water supply pipe are integrally provided in the segment, the high-pressure water can be easily jetted, and the back surface clogging the clearance part or adhering to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. It is possible to easily and accurately remove fillers, earth and sand, etc. in a short time.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the segment according to the fifth aspect, a communication hole is provided which communicates with the water supply pipe from the inner peripheral side and which supplies high-pressure water to the water supply pipe. It is characterized by being

As described above, since the high pressure water can be fed from the inner peripheral side of the tunnel lining body which can secure a wide space, it is large as a water feeding means (pump etc.) for feeding the high pressure water. The skin plate and the clearance portion can be accurately cleaned with a simple structure.

The invention according to claim 7 is the segment according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the segment is capable of projecting and retracting outward, and when protruding, it abuts the skin plate and the clearance portion. Is provided on the outer peripheral side in front of the injection nozzle.

As described above, since the seal member is provided on the front side of the injection nozzle, the clearance portion immediately after being cleaned can be accurately sealed.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the segment is formed inside the tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator while forming a predetermined clearance portion with the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. While constructing a tunnel lining body, the shield excavator is made to advance while sealing the clearance portion with a tail seal attached to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. In the construction method, the segment according to any one of claims 2 to 4 is assembled on the front side of the tail seal, and after the tail seal has passed through the guide groove, the cleaning hose is attached to the inner circumference of the segment. The high pressure water into the cleaning hose while inserting it into the guide groove from the side and moving it in the guide groove. Is injected outward from Le, characterized by washing the skin plate and the clearance portion of the rear side of the tail seal.

Further, according to a ninth aspect of the present invention, a predetermined clearance portion is formed inside the tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator and between the skin plate and the inner peripheral side thereof. While sequentially assembling the segments into a tubular shape, while constructing a tunnel lining body, the shield excavator is advanced while sealing the clearance portion with a tail seal attached to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. In Iku tunnel construction method,
The segment according to any one of claims 2 to 4 is assembled to the front side of the tail seal, and the cleaning hose is provided from the inner peripheral side of the segment before the tail seal passes through the guide groove. After the tail seal has passed through the guide groove in advance, the high pressure water is fed into the cleaning hose while moving the cleaning hose in the guide groove, and then the jetting is performed. It is characterized in that the skin plate and the clearance portion on the rear side of the tail seal are cleaned by spraying from the nozzle toward the outside.

According to such a tunnel building method, the segment according to any one of claims 2 to 4 is used to remove the backfilling material, the earth and sand, etc. which are stuck in the clearance part or adhered to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. Can be removed accurately.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, inside the tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator,
The segments are sequentially assembled into a tubular shape while forming a predetermined clearance portion with the inner peripheral side of the skin plate to construct a tunnel lining body, and the shield excavator is installed on the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. In a tunnel construction method of advancing while sealing the clearance portion by a tail seal attached to the side, the segment according to claim 5 or 6 is assembled on the front side of the tail seal, and the tail seal is assembled. After passing through the injection nozzle, high-pressure water is sent from the inner peripheral side of the segment into the water supply pipe, is jetted outward from the injection nozzle, and the skin plate on the rear side of the tail seal and The clearance portion is washed.

By such a tunnel building method, the backfilling material, earth and sand, etc. clogging the clearance portion or adhering to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate can be accurately collected using the segment according to claim 5 or 6. Can be removed.

[0027]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, an embodiment of a segment according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4. Hereinafter, the segment according to the present invention will be referred to as an “outer cleaning segment” to distinguish it from a segment having a normal configuration.

1 (a), 1 (b) and 2, a total of six outer washing segments (segments) 11A and four outer washing segments (segments) 11B are assembled to form a tunnel cover. It shows a state in which a circular annular segment ring (reference numeral 11) forming a part of the work body is constructed. As shown in these drawings, the outer cleaning segment 11B has a structure in which a seal member 13 and a guide groove 15 for guiding a cleaning hose described later are provided on the outer peripheral side of the segment body 12. The outer cleaning segment 11A has a configuration in which a through hole 16 penetrating from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side is added to the outer cleaning segment 11B. That is, the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B have the same configuration except that they have the through holes 16.

The seal member 13 is shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b).
As shown in, the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B are provided on the outer peripheral side and around the front side of the segment main body 12, and have a plurality of expanded diameter packings 13a.
It is composed of a plurality of bolts 13b as pressing members for pressing the expanded packing 13a toward the outside.

The expanded packing 13a is a substantially flat plate-shaped member, and each front side is attached to the outer peripheral side of the segment main body 12 so as to be rotatable outward.
Each rear side can approach / separate from the segment body 12, that is, can project / retract toward the outside. Further, the same number of bolts 13b as the expanded diameter packings 13a are provided, and the bolts 13b are screwed into screw holes penetrating from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side of the segment main body 12, and the expanded diameter packings 13a are pressed by the tip ends thereof. It is a thing. An elastic body 13r is attached to a portion of the front end side of the bolt 13b that presses the expanded diameter packing 13a. If the expanded bolt 13b is rotated to press the expanded diameter packing 13, the expanded diameter packing 1
The outer peripheral side of the segment ring 11 can be expanded by projecting 3a to the outer peripheral side. At the time of expanding the diameter, as shown in FIG. 1B, the outer peripheral side of the segment ring 11 and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 come into contact with the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 (details will be described later) of the shield excavator. Seal the clearance part with.

When the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B are assembled, each bolt 13b is attached to the segment main body 1
2 Retreating inward to accommodate the expanded diameter packing 13a, and the outer peripheral surface of the segment body 12 and the expanded diameter packing 13a.
Make sure that the outer surface is substantially flush with the outer surface. The pressing member is not limited to the bolt, and may be, for example, a tubular member that swells when filled with a fluid. Alternatively, the sealing member 13 itself may be formed into a tubular shape and filled with the fluid.

These outer cleaning segments 11A, 11
In the outer peripheral side of the segment main body 12 rearward of the seal member 13 in B, a guide groove 15 for inserting a cleaning hose described later and guiding the cleaning hose along the peripheral direction on the outer peripheral side is formed. Has been done. Both end portions in the circumferential direction of each guide groove 15 are opened, and each guide groove 15 is provided with the adjacent outer cleaning segment 11A or 1A.
It is adapted to communicate with the guide groove 15 of 1B. That is, the six guide grooves 15 connected to each other can guide the cleaning hose over the entire circumference of the segment ring 11.

The cross-sectional shape of the guide groove 15 is an arc shape having a central angle larger than a semicircle. That is,
The virtual center O shown in FIG. 1B is located inside the outer peripheral surface, and its central angle is larger than 180 °. By doing so, the protrusions 15a, 15a are formed on both sides of the guide groove 15 on the outer peripheral side, respectively, so that the cleaning hose can be accurately prevented from coming off the guide groove 15. Further, since the cross-section has an arc shape, there is no corner portion where stress concentration is likely to occur, and the outer cleaning segments 11A, 11
The strength of B can be further increased.

A through hole 16 is formed in the outer cleaning segment 11A. The through hole 16 is formed obliquely so as to be continuous from the inner peripheral side of the outer cleaning segment 11A to the guide groove 15 with a smooth arc, and guides the cleaning hose easily and accurately. It can be inserted into the groove 15. In the segment ring 11, the pair of outer cleaning segments 11A are arranged so as to be point-symmetrical, so that the pair of cleaning hoses are circulated every half turn, and the segment ring 11 is rotated. You can When the cleaning hose is actually inserted and used, a seal packing 16p for sealing between the cleaning hose and the through hole 16 is used as shown in FIGS.
It is attached inside the through hole 16. This is to prevent soil, water, backfill material, etc. outside the segment ring 11 from entering the inner peripheral side of the segment ring 11.

The cleaning hose 50, as shown in FIG.
A hose body 51 and a nozzle provided on the tip end side of the hose body 51, which is inserted from the inner peripheral side into the guide groove 15 through the through hole 16 and ejects a jet water flow toward the outer side. And a head 52. The hose body 51 is a hose having a generally circular cross section that is generally used, and has a size that can be substantially accommodated in the guide groove 15. The base end side of the hose body 51 is connected to a high-pressure water supply pump (not shown) provided inside the segment ring 11.

A jet nozzle is provided on the front side of the nozzle head 52.
53a and the injection nozzles 53b and 53c on the outer peripheral surface side.
Formed from the high pressure water supply pump to the hose body 5
High-pressure water flowing into 1 is jet water flow in 3 directions
It is jetted in the direction. That is, there is no discharge from the injection nozzle 53a.
In the guide groove 15 on the front side of the slide head 52, the injection nozzle
From 53b, it is substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the guide groove 15.
To the outside, diagonally rearward from the injection nozzle 53c,
Jet water flow (high pressure water) wj₁, Wj₂, Wj ₃Is jet
To be done. Jet water flow wj₁Inside the guide groove 15
The backfill material and soil of the
Flow wj₂, Wj₃By the outside of the segment ring 11
Backfill material and earth and sand are removed. In addition, jet water flow w
j₃To the diagonally rear side in the extending direction of the cleaning hose 50.
By being jetted, the nozzle head 52
Can be easily sent to the front side in the guide groove 15.
Is ready.

On the outer peripheral surface side of the nozzle head 52, a detent 54 is formed which protrudes outward so as to fit between the protrusions 15a-15a. This whirl-stop 54
Since the nozzle head 52 is properly prevented from rotating around the virtual center O, the jet water flows wj ₂ and wj ₃ are appropriately jetted outward.

A cleaning hose 50B as a modified example of the cleaning hose 50 is shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b).
The cleaning hose 50B includes a hose body 51B and a nozzle head 52 provided on the tip end side of the hose body 51B.
B, and the basic configuration is the same as the cleaning hose 50. The cleaning hose 50 </ b> B has a substantially circular cross section with a larger diameter than the cleaning hose 50, and a part thereof protrudes from the inside of the guide groove 15.

The nozzle head 52B has an elliptical cross-section that is slightly vertically long, and the apex on the outer peripheral side projects from the guide groove 15. Similar to the nozzle head 52, the nozzle head 52B is formed with jet nozzles 53a, 53b, 53c, and the high-pressure water flowing from the high-pressure water supply pump into the hose body 51B is jet water flow wj. ₃ as ₁ , wj ₂ and wj 3
Is jetted in the direction. Further, at a position near the apex projecting from the guide groove 15, a detent 54B made of a projecting portion projecting to both sides is formed. These whirl-stops 54B
Presses the protrusions 15a, 15a from the outside, so that the nozzle head 52B is appropriately prevented from rotating around the virtual center O, and the jet water flows wj ₂ , wj ₃ are appropriately ejected toward the outside. It has become.

As described above, since the outer peripheral surface side of the guide groove 15 is open, even a hose having a size that cannot be completely accommodated in the guide groove 15 can be used like the hose body 51B. it can. That is, it is possible to use any type of cleaning hose, that is, the size of the cleaning hose 50 that can be completely accommodated in the guide groove 15 or the size of the cleaning hose 50B that cannot be completely accommodated.

Next, such outer cleaning segment 11
About tunnel construction method using A, 11B,
This will be described with reference to FIG. This tunnel building method is a method of continuously building a standard tunnel having a standard cross-sectional area and a widening tunnel in which the standard tunnel is partially widened.

First, the shield excavator used in this tunnel building method will be described. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the shield excavator 1 includes a cutter 2 supported by a front portion of a shield body 3 to advance a standard pit and a widening pit having a predetermined cross-sectional area, and an outer portion of the shield body 3. And a widening member 6 (described later) provided on the skin plate 5.

The cutter 2 has a substantially disk shape and is rotatably supported by a cutter head support 4 so that the cutter head 2a can rotate.
And an overcutter device 2b that can be retracted from the cutter head 2a. The cutter head 2a has a substantially disc shape, and is rotatably provided at a front portion of the shield body 3 in the excavation direction. The cutter head 2a is designed to excavate a standard pit in the natural ground G by rotating a cutter bit (not shown) provided at the tip. On the front surface of the cutter head 2a, a hole (not shown) for taking in the excavated earth and sand of the standard pit into the shield body 3 is provided. Note that, here, the "standard pit" refers to a pit that is dug only with the cutter head 2a and has a cross-sectional area that is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cutter head 2a.
For example, in a flat section or a rectangular section, a standard pit may be dug using an overcutter device. That is, regardless of the cross-sectional shape, the pit in which the widening member is not projected is the “standard pit”. A standard tunnel will be built inside this standard mine.

The cutter head 2a has a built-in overcutter device 2b which can be retracted from the outer side in a direction in which the standard pit is widened, that is, in a direction substantially orthogonal to the excavation direction. The overcutter device 2b has a rod-like shape and is immersed in the cutter head 2a when the standard pit is driven. And when excavating the widening pit, it projects from the cutter head 2a and rotates about the axis of the projecting direction,
A widening pit can be excavated by a cutter bit (not shown) provided on the outer peripheral surface. Note that, here, the "widening pit" refers to a pit of a portion dug using both the cutter head 2a and the overcutter device 2b, that is, a pit overhanging the widening member. In addition, the excavation of the widened portion of the widening pit is not limited to the overcutter device of the cutter head, and it goes without saying that the widened portion may be excavated by an excavating device or the like provided in addition to the cutter head.

The skin plate 5 is a tubular band whose outer shape and cross-sectional area are substantially the same as those of the shield body 3, and the inside of the skin plate 5 is a segment ring constructed by assembling segments to form a tunnel lining body. Are built in sequence. The "segment" refers to a standard pit segment, an outside cleaning segment, and a widening pit segment described below. In addition, as the standard pit segment and the widening pit segment, injection holes that penetrate from the inner peripheral surface side to the outer peripheral surface side are formed, and it is possible to inject backfill material (described later) from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side. Those that are already in use will also be used. And, the outer cleaning segment has substantially the same outer shape and size as the standard pit segment,
It is a type of standard mine segment.

Inside the skin plate 5 behind the shield body 3, a plurality of pressing jacks (not shown) are provided in the circumferential direction. This pressing jack expands and contracts in the direction of the excavation axis to press the segment rings that are sequentially built inside the skin plate 5, and the shield excavator 1 is advanced by the reaction force thereof.

On the inner rear side of the skin plate 5, a tail is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the segment ring to seal the clearance C between the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 and the outer peripheral side of the segment ring. Packings (tail seals) 7, 7, 7 are attached. These tail packings 7, 7, 7 move while sealing the clearance C by sliding with the outer circumference of the segment ring as the shield excavator 1 advances. Therefore, the earth, sand, water, backfill material, etc. existing between the standard pit or the widening pit and the segment ring are not covered by the skin plate 5
It is possible to prevent it from entering inside.
Here, the tail packing 7 is provided in three stages, but two stages may be used depending on the degree of pressure of the earth and sand, water, or backfill material applied to the shield excavator 1, and the number of stages may be appropriately changed. . A lubricant injecting mechanism (not shown) is provided together with the tail packings 7, 7 and 7, and a lubricant such as grease is injected into the sliding portion to allow the tail packings 7, 7 and 7 to slide smoothly. You can move.

The widening member 6 is shown in FIG. 11 (c) or FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2 (b), a side plate 6a, an upper plate 6b and a lower plate 6c that are provided so as to be respectively connected to the upper edge and the lower edge of the side plate 6a, and the front side of the side plate 6a. The front plate 6d is provided so as to be continuous with the edge portion. The side plate 6a is substantially flush with the skin plate 5 to form a part of the skin plate 5 when only the standard pit is dug, and the outside of the skin plate 5 when the wide width pit is dug. It projects in one direction and is arranged substantially parallel to the skin plate 5. That is, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the widening member 6 is not assembled at the time of excavating the standard pit, and the side plate 6 a is in a state of being integrated with the skin plate 5.

Upper plate 6b and lower plate 6c
Are provided so as to respectively connect to the upper edge and the lower edge of the side plate 6a protruding from the skin plate 5 when the widening pit is dug, and the upper edge and the lower edge of the side plate 6a are respectively provided. The portion and the skin plate 5 are connected. The upper plate 6b and the lower plate 6c are
The rear end side is slightly shorter than each side plate 6a. The front plate 6d is provided so as to be continuous with the front edge of the side plate 6a protruding from the skin plate 5 when the widening pit is dug, and the side plate 6a is provided.
The front edge of the skin plate 5 and the skin plate 5 are connected to each other. Incidentally, these upper plate 6b and lower plate 6c
Alternatively, the front plate 6d is detached from the side plate 6a when the shield excavator 1 excavates only the standard pit, and is assembled when digging the widening pit.

A tunnel building method using the shield excavator 1 includes a standard tunnel building step, a standard tunnel widening step, and a widening tunnel building step.

First, as the "standard tunnel construction process",
As shown in FIG. 5, while digging a standard pit, a standard pit segment is assembled into a circular ring shape inside the skin plate 5, and a segment ring 10 composed of the standard pit segment is lined up one after another to form a standard pit. A standard tunnel will be built in. When excavating the standard pit, the skin plate 5 and the side plate 6a are integrally formed into a substantially cylindrical shape, and a predetermined clearance portion C is formed between the skin plate 5 and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 while the standard pit is formed. The segments for use are assembled in a tubular shape, and the segment ring 10 as the tunnel lining body is sequentially covered. By sequentially pressing the segment ring 10 lined at the forefront with the pressing jack, the shield excavator 1 is caused by its reaction force.
Obtains a propulsive force in the excavation direction, and the shield excavator 1 excavates. That is, as the shield excavator 1 advances, the standard pit behind the shield excavator 1 is sequentially lined with the segment ring 10, and the standard tunnel is built behind. In addition, the segment ring 10 is assembled by appropriately using the standard pit segment having the above-described injection hole, and a backfill material such as mortar can be injected / filled between the standard pit and the segment ring 10 so that Prevent loosening of the ground due to skin loss.

At this time, tail packings 7, 7, 7 are attached to the rear side of the skin plate 5,
It is adapted to slide on the outer peripheral surface of the segment ring 10. That is, by these tail packings 7, 7, 7, the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 and the segment ring 1
The shield excavator 1 is advanced while sealing the clearance C with the outer peripheral side of 0 to prevent dirt, water, backfill material, etc. from entering the inside of the skin plate 5.

Next, as the "standard tunnel widening process", excavation of the widening pit is started so as to widen the standard tunnel, and the outer cleaning segment and the boundary member are sequentially assembled to prepare for the widening tunnel construction in advance. To do. When starting the digging of the widening pit, as shown in FIG. 6, the overcutter device 2b is projected from the cutter head 2a,
While digging the standard pit, the widening pit is dug on both the left and right sides of the standard pit. At this time, the excavated earth and sand are taken in along with the excavation of the widening pit (not shown).

Then, the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B are formed as the segments forming the end of the standard tunnel.
Assembled as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the segment ring 11 is built at the front of the standard tunnel. At the front of the segment ring 11, a segment ring 10a (illustrated only in FIG. 9) made of a standard pit segment is constructed. This segment ring 10a has the same structure as the segment ring 10 except that the tail packings 7, 7, 7
In order to secure the function of preventing the intrusion of earth and sand, water or backfill material, and to advance the shield excavator 1,
It will be temporarily lining and not intended to form a standard tunnel. Therefore, in FIG.
The reference numeral is different from that of the segment ring 10 for forming the standard tunnel. At this time, as shown in FIG. 6, the tail packings 7, 7, 7 are located at least behind the guide groove 15 of the segment ring 11. The clearance C between the skin plate 5 and the segment ring 10 on the rear side of the tail packing 7, 7, 7 is filled with the backfill material injected between the natural ground G and the segment ring 10. Is in a closed state (not shown).

An enlarged view of the position near the segment ring 11 is shown in FIGS. In this figure, in the case where the backfilling material F is filled between the ground and the segment, the case where the backfilling material F in the clearance portion C behind the tail packing 7 at the rear end is washed and removed Shows. Of the three tail packings,
Only the tail packing 7 located at the end is shown.

As shown in FIG. 7 (a), the backfill material F is filled in the clearance portion C on the rear side of the tail packing 7 at the rear end. If the clearance C is still filled with the backfill material F or earth and sand, even if the expanded packing 13a of the seal member 13 is expanded, it can be sufficiently pressed to the inside of the skin plate 5 as described later. No
This means that the sealing by the sealing member 13 cannot be performed properly. That is, it is necessary to remove the backfill material F, earth and sand, etc. filled in the clearance portion C behind the tail packing 7 before solidifying it. Here, the skin plate 5 and the clearance portion C are cleaned using the pair of cleaning hoses 50, 50 described above.

Before the tail packing 7 passes through the guide groove 15, the tip end side of the cleaning hose 50 is preliminarily inserted into at least the through hole 16 so that the back-filling material F is inserted into the through hole 16.
From entering into the inner peripheral side of the segment ring 11. Then, the tail packing 7 has the guide groove 15
After passing through, the cleaning hose 50 is sequentially sent out from the inner peripheral side of the segment ring 11 and inserted into the guide groove 15. Along with this, high-pressure water is supplied from the high-pressure water supply pump (not shown) into the cleaning hose 50, and jet water flows are jetted from each jet nozzle toward the inside and outside of the guide groove 15. Note that in FIGS. 7 and 8, the jet water flow jetted outward (jet water flow w in FIG.
The symbol of j ₂ , wj ₃ ) is wj. It goes without saying that the cleaning hose 50B may be used instead of the cleaning hose 50.

Then, the washing hoses 50, 50 are moved from the inner peripheral side of the segment ring 11 by feeding and withdrawing the washing hoses 50, 50, as shown in FIG.
It is moved in the guide groove 15 as shown in (a) to (c). Since each of the pair of cleaning hoses 50, 50 is moved around the outer circumference of the segment ring 11 by half circles in a substantially point-symmetrical manner, the jet water flow wj jetted from the nozzle head 52 causes the outer portion of the segment ring 11, that is, the clearance portion C and the skin plate 5 can be washed over the entire circumference. As a result, the guide groove 15
Clogged in the outer clearance C or skin plate 5
The backfill material, earth and sand, etc. adhering to the inner peripheral side of the can be cleaned over the entire circumference.

As shown in FIG. 7 (b), the hose for jetting and washing the jet water flow wj shown in FIGS. 8 (a) to 8 (c) while the shield excavator 1 is advanced and the skin plate 5 is gradually advanced. The clearance C and the skin plate 5 behind the tail packing 7 are washed by repeating the movement of 50 and 50 as appropriate. By doing so, the backfill material F, earth and sand, etc. are removed from the clearance portion C behind the tail packing 7 and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5, and sealing by expanding and pressing the sealing member 13 is possible. Becomes

Before the tail packing 7 passes through the guide groove 15, the state shown in FIG. 8C, that is, the cleaning hoses 50, 50 are inserted into the guide groove 15 in advance. Good. In this case, after the tail packing 7 has passed through the guide groove 15, as shown in FIG.
While moving the cleaning hoses 50, 50 as shown in (a), the cleaning hoses 50, 50 are removed from the high-pressure water supply pump.
High-pressure water is sent inside, and jet water flow w from each injection nozzle
Injecting j toward the outside, the clearance C and the skin plate 5 are washed over the entire circumference. With this configuration, when the tail packing 7 passes, the guide groove 1
Since the inside of 5 is filled with the cleaning hoses 50, 50, it is possible to accurately prevent the backfill material F and the like from being clogged in the guide groove 15, and to move the cleaning hoses 50, 50 more easily and more easily. Can be done accurately.

The cleaning is performed by the shield excavator 1
It may be done by repeating forward and backward in small steps,
Further, it may be performed while continuously advancing at a slow speed. In the former method, the shield excavator 1 is stopped at the time of cleaning, and after the cleaning is completed, the operation of advancing and positioning the next cleaning portion outside the guide groove 15 is repeated to move and clean the skin plate 5. Do it separately. In the latter method, the shield excavator 1 is continuously advanced at a very low speed, and cleaning is also continuously performed, so that the skin plate 5 is moved and cleaned at the same time. As long as the skin plate 5 and the clearance C can be washed accurately, any method may be used depending on the situation.

In this way, the backfill material F, earth and sand, etc. filled in the skin plate 5 and the clearance portion C are sequentially removed, and the rear end side of the skin plate 5 is the seal member 1.
When the position of 3 is reached, the shield excavator 1 is temporarily stopped. At this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the tail packing 7, 7, 7 secures the function of preventing the intrusion of earth and sand, water, a backfill material or the like between the segment ring 10a and the skin plate 5.

In this way, as shown in FIG. 7C, the bolts 13b of the segment ring 11 are rotated to press the expanded packing 13a, and the expanded packing 13 is pressed.
a is projected from the segment main body 12 toward the outer peripheral side. Then, the seal member 13 is expanded in diameter and the clearance portion C is sealed until the rear end side of the expanded diameter packing 13a is brought into contact with and pressed against the skin plate 5. With this, the function of preventing the entry of the earth and sand, water, or the backfill material F into the skin plate 5 can be secured, and therefore the segment ring 10a shown in FIG. 9 is dismantled and removed.

Further, when the cleaning is completed, as shown in FIG. 7C, the cleaning hose 50 is pulled out from the guide groove 15 and the through hole 16 to prevent water, earth and sand, or the backfill material F from entering. The through hole 16 is immediately closed. As the closing method, after removing the cleaning hose 50, the through hole 16
A lid (not shown) may be quickly attached and fixed to the valve, or a valve (not shown) may be provided on the inner peripheral side of the through hole 16 so that the valve can be quickly removed after the cleaning hose 50 is removed. May be closed.

Next, the boundary member 20 is attached to the front end side of the standard tunnel, that is, the front end side of the segment ring 11. The boundary member 20 forms a boundary between the standard tunnel and the widening tunnel, and blocks the skin plate 5 or the widening member 6 and the segment ring 11 to connect the segments to each other, and to make earth and sand, water, a backfill material, or the like. To prevent the intrusion of. Material different from segment,
That is, it is made of metal such as steel other than concrete.

The boundary member 20 is shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b).
As shown in FIG. 3, the segment side partition plates 21 and 21 and the upper and lower partition plates 23 and 23 mounted and fixed to the front side portion of the segment ring 11 and the segment side partition plates 21 and 21.
1 and the upper and lower partition plates 23, 23, which are slidably provided, and are configured by the widened part partition plates 22, 22. Since the widening part partition plate 22 is a part to which earth pressure is applied, it is necessary to have a rigidity that can withstand it. Further, the upper and lower partition plates 23 may be attached to the widening part partition plate as long as the widening part partition plate is slidable, or the segment side partition plate and the segment side partition plate may be integrated to have the same thickness. May be. When this is integrated, upper and lower partition plates having substantially the same thickness as the widened part partition plate are separately provided.

First, as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, the segment side partition plates 21 and 21 are attached to the front end side of the segment ring 11. These segment-side partition plates 21 and 21 are provided in a portion that slides with the widening-partition partition plates 22 and 22, and are for ensuring the function of preventing intrusion of earth and sand, water, or a backfill material in the sliding portion.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the widened part partition plates 22 and 22 are provided in front of the segment side partition plates 21 and 21, respectively.
Attach it so that it is in close contact with 1. These widening part partition plates 22 and 22 are formed by the segment ring 11 and the widening member 6
Between the and, while securing a function of preventing the intrusion of earth and sand, water, or the backfill material F, projecting toward the widening pit integrally with the widening member 6 and forming one end of the widening portion in the widening tunnel. It is for doing.

Then, the upper plate 6b, the lower plate 6c and the front plate 6d are attached and fixed to the insides of the side plates 6a, 6a to assemble the widening members 6, 6. At this time, the side plate 6a, the upper plate 6b and the lower plate 6c, and the widening part partition plate 22 are
They should be placed close to each other or connected so that the function of preventing entry between them can be secured. At this time, although not shown, the upper plate 6b and the lower plate 6c are
The same tail packings 7, 7, 7 are attached at the positions corresponding to the tail packings 7, 7, 7 so as to prevent the ingress of earth and sand, water, or backfilling material during the construction of the widening tunnel. . The tail packings 7, 7, 7 may be attached after the widening of the widening member 6.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the upper plate 6 on the front end side of the segment ring 11 is
The upper and lower partition plates 23, 23 are attached and fixed to each of the upper side of b and the lower side of the lower plate 6c. These upper and lower partition plates 23, 23 are widened pit segments 30 to be described later.
When the lining is covered, a gap is prevented from being formed between the segment ring 11 and the segment ring 20, and a function of preventing intrusion of earth and sand, water, or a backfill material is ensured. Therefore, the thickness of the upper and lower partition plates 23, 23 in the front-rear direction is determined by the segment-side partition plate 21 and the widening-partition partition plate 22.
And the thickness of the upper plate 6b and the lower plate 6c are closely arranged. In this way, the boundary member 20, that is, the segment side partition plate 21, the widening part partition plate 22 and the upper and lower partition plates 23, on the standard tunnel end side,
The function to prevent the intrusion of earth and sand, water or backfill material will be secured.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12, the widening members 6, 6 and the widening part partition plates 22, 22 are integrally projected. At this time, the widening part partition plates 22 and 22 slide while being in close contact with both the segment side partition plates 21 and 21 and the upper and lower partition plates 23 and 23, and the widening members 6 and 6 move to the upper and lower partition plates 23. , 23 while closely contacting and sliding. Therefore, it is possible to secure the function of preventing the intrusion of earth and sand, water, a backfill material, or the like in these sliding portions. 12
When it is projected to the predetermined position shown in, the widening member 6 and the skin plate 5 are connected and fixed at this position,
The widened part partition plate 22 is connected and fixed to the segment side part partition plate 21 and the upper and lower partition plates 23, 23.

Next, as the "widening tunnel construction process",
As shown in FIG. 13, while excavating the widening pit, the widening pit segments are annularly assembled inside the skin plate 5 and the widening member 6, and the segment ring 30 composed of the widening pit segments is lined up sequentially. , Build a widening tunnel inside the widening pit.

A segment ring 30 as shown in FIG.
Is lined so as to be continuous with the expanded-diameter part partition plates 22 and 22.
By doing so, between the segment ring 30, the skin plate 5 and the widening member 6, the tail packing 7,
7, 7, the function of preventing the intrusion of earth and sand, water, or the backfill material is secured. The side plate 6a,
When the upper plate 6b and the lower plate 6c and the widening part partition plate 22 are connected, the segment ring 3
Before lining 0, separate beforehand.

Then, the widening pit segment 30 is further lined, and the widening pit segment 30 is pressed by a pressing jack. Actually, as shown in FIG. 13B, inside the widened portion of the segment ring 30,
The spacer 30a is integrally attached and fixed to form a part of the segment ring 30. By pressing the spacer 30a with the pressing jack, the shield excavator 1 can be made to proceed with a reaction force.

The pressing jack sequentially presses the segment ring 30 lined at the foremost portion in the excavation direction, and the shield excavator 1 obtains propulsive force in the excavation direction by the reaction force thereof, and the shield excavator 1 excavates. To go. That is, as the shield excavator 1 advances, the widening pit behind the shield digging machine 1 is sequentially covered with the segment ring 30, and a widening tunnel is built behind. The spacer 30a is
As the shield excavator 1 is advanced, it is sequentially removed from the segment ring 30 from the rear side. This removal is performed when the shield excavator 1 is separated by a predetermined distance and it becomes unnecessary to take a reaction force by the spacer 30a.

Outer cleaning segment 1 according to the present embodiment
In 1A and 11B, the cleaning hose 50, 50B is inserted to form the guide groove 15 for guiding along the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral side, and the jet nozzle 53b, 53c of the inserted cleaning hose 50 ejects the jet water flow wj. ₂ and wj ₃ are sprayed outward, respectively, so that the skin plate 5 and the clearance C can be cleaned. For this reason, the backfill material, earth and sand, etc. clogging the clearance C or adhering to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate can be accurately removed. As a result, the skin plate 7,
7, the backfill material, the earth and sand, etc. existing in the clearance portion C on the rear side of the 7 can be washed and removed, and the boundary member 20 can be accurately attached to the skin plate 5 or the widening member 6. Since it is possible to ensure the function of preventing the intrusion of earth and sand, water, or the backfill material, it is possible to facilitate the construction of the tunnel, shorten the construction period, and reduce the construction cost.

In the outer cleaning segment 11A, a through hole 16 is formed which penetrates from the inner peripheral side to the guide groove 15 and allows the cleaning hose 50 to be inserted from the inner peripheral side into the guide groove 15. In this way, the cleaning hose can be inserted from the inner peripheral side of the tunnel lining that can secure a large space to the guide groove,
A large-sized one can be used as a water supply means (high-pressure water supply pump, etc.) for supplying high-pressure water,
As a simple structure, the skin plate 5 and the clearance portion C can be accurately washed, and the tunnel can be built more easily.

Further, the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove 15 is an arc shape having a central angle larger than a semicircle. Therefore, a hose with a generally circular cross section that is commonly used is
The hose can be suitably inserted as a cleaning hose, and the cleaning hose can be accurately prevented from coming off the guide groove.
It can be moved accurately within. Further, since it has an arcuate shape, it is possible to further increase the strength of the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B and to increase the pressure resistance and durability of the segment ring 11 without having corner portions where stress concentration easily occurs.

Further, it is capable of projecting and retracting outward, and when it protrudes, it abuts the skin plate 5 and the clearance C
Since the seal member 13 for sealing is provided on the outer peripheral side in front of the guide groove 15, the clearance portion C immediately after being washed can be accurately sealed.

Further, in the tunnel building method according to the present embodiment, the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B are assembled on the front side of the tail packings 7, 7 and 7 to cover the segment ring 11, 7,7
After passing through the guide groove 15, while inserting the cleaning hoses 50, 50 into the guide groove 15 from the inner peripheral side and moving the cleaning hoses 50, 50 in the guide groove 15,
Water is supplied into the nozzle 50 and is jetted outward from the jet nozzles 53b and 53c as a jet water flow wj to wash the skin plate 5 and the clearance portion C on the rear side of the tail packing 7 at the rear end. for that reason,
The backfill material, earth and sand, etc. behind the tail packing 7 can be suitably removed, and the seal member 13 and the boundary member 20 can be pressed against the skin plate 5 to perform an accurate seal, and from the construction of the standard tunnel to the widening tunnel. It is possible to quickly and continuously shift to the construction of. As a result, the ground G
Even when the material is soft and it is necessary to use the backfill material, both the standard tunnel and the widening tunnel can be suitably constructed.

Before the tail packings 7, 7, 7 pass through the guide grooves 15, the cleaning hose 50 is previously inserted into the guide grooves from the inner peripheral side of the segment, and the tail packings 7, 7, After 7 has passed through the guide groove 15, while moving the cleaning hoses 50, 50 in the guide groove, high-pressure water is sent into the cleaning hoses 50, 50, and the jet water flow wj from the jet nozzles 53b, 53c. As it is jetted outward, and the tail packing 7 at the end
Skin plate 5 and clearance C on the rear side of
May be washed. With this configuration, when the tail packing 7 is passed through, the guide groove 15 is filled with the cleaning hoses 50, 50.
It is possible to accurately suppress clogging of the backfill material F and the like inside, and to move the cleaning hoses 50 and 50 more easily and accurately. Therefore, for example, the backfill material F
Even if the injection pressure is high or there is a risk of solidification in a short time, the standard tunnel construction can be continuously and swiftly changed to the widening tunnel construction.

In the above embodiment, one segment ring is constituted by the six outer cleaning segments, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the outer ring necessary for constructing the segment ring is not limited to this. The number, size, or shape of the cleaning segments can be changed appropriately. Further, although two through holes are provided for each segment ring, the number of through holes provided for one segment ring can be appropriately changed without being limited to this. Furthermore, although the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is an arc shape having a central angle larger than a semicircle, if it is possible to insert the cleaning hose suitably and prevent it from coming off the guide groove,
Other cross-sectional shapes may be used.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the outer cleaning segment into which the cleaning hose 50 can be inserted is used on the outer peripheral side. However, the cleaning hose 50 and the cleaning hose 50 have a common function and function. You may make it use the outer cleaning segment of the structure provided. Two examples of such outer cleaning segments are shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, respectively.

As a first example, in FIGS. 14 (a) and 14 (b), a total of six skin plates, one outer cleaning segment (segment) 11C and five outer cleaning segments (segment) 11D, are provided. 5 shows a state in which a circular annular segment ring (reference numeral 11X) that is assembled on the inner peripheral side of 5 and forms a part of the tunnel lining body is constructed. As shown in these figures, the outer cleaning segment 11D is embedded in the segment main body 12A and a large number of injection nozzles 61 which are formed on the outer peripheral side of the segment main body 12A to inject the jet water flow (high pressure water) wj toward the outside. Water pipe 62 for supplying high-pressure water to the injection nozzle 61
And, it has a configuration provided with. The outer cleaning segment 11C has a configuration in which a communication hole 63 communicating with the water supply pipe 62 from the inner peripheral side is added to the outer cleaning segment 11D. That is, the outer cleaning segments 11C and 11D have the same configuration except that they have the communication holes 63.

These outer cleaning segments 11C, 11
A seal member is provided on the outer peripheral side of D in front of the injection nozzle 61. Since the structure of this seal member is the same as that of the seal member 13 in the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B, illustration and description thereof will be omitted.

The water supply pipe 62 is a pipe having a substantially circular cross section in which a large number of holes are formed over substantially the entire area in the longitudinal direction on the outer peripheral side, and is embedded in the segment main body 12A along the circumferential direction. . Both end portions in the circumferential direction of each water supply pipe 62 are opened, and each water supply pipe 62 communicates with the water supply pipe 62 of the adjacent outer cleaning segment 11C or 11D. That is, an annular high-pressure water flow path that circulates high-pressure water is formed in the segment ring 11X by the six connected water supply pipes 62. The injection nozzle 61 is formed so as to communicate with each hole of the water supply pipe 62.

A communication hole 63 is formed in the outer cleaning segment 11C so as to communicate with the water supply pipe 62 from the inner peripheral side, and the communication hole 63 is connected to the high-pressure water supply pump 71. That is, the high-pressure water supplied from the high-pressure water supply pump 71 is sent from the communication holes 63 into the respective water supply pipes 62, and the jet water flow wj in which the water pressure, the amount of water, etc. are substantially uniform is the outer circumference of the segment ring 11X. Injection is performed almost simultaneously over the entire side.

As described above, since the jet nozzle 61 and the water supply pipe 62 are integrally provided in the segment body 12A to form the outer segments 11C and 11D, it is easy to jet high-pressure water without using a separate washing hose or the like. You can As a result, the backfill material, earth and sand, etc. that are clogged in the clearance portion C or adhered to the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 can be removed easily and accurately in a short time, and the construction period can be further shortened. . Further, since the seal member 13 is provided on the front side of the injection nozzle 61, the clearance portion C immediately after being cleaned can be accurately sealed as in the case of the outer cleaning segments 12A and 12B.

Further, these outer cleaning segments 11
If C and 11D are used, the segment ring 1
Jet water flow w over the entire circumference of the outer peripheral side of 1X almost simultaneously
j can be jetted. Therefore, the skin plate 5 and the clearance portion C on the rear side of the tail packing 7 can be accurately cleaned simply by sequentially excavating the shield excavator 1. Therefore, the labor for inserting and moving the cleaning hose is required. The cost can be eliminated, the cleaning time can be shortened, and the construction period can be shortened.

Next, as a second example, in FIG. 15, six outer cleaning segments (segments) 11E are assembled on the inner peripheral side of the skin plate 5 to form a circular ring-shaped body which forms a part of the tunnel lining body. Segment ring (11Y)
Shows the built state. As shown in these figures, the outer cleaning segment 11E includes the segment body 1
A large number of jet nozzles 61B formed on the outer peripheral side of 2B for jetting jet water flow (high pressure water) wj to the outside, and a water supply pipe 62B embedded in the segment body 12B for sending high pressure water to the jet nozzle 61, Water pipe 62B from the inner circumference side
And a communication hole 63B communicating with the.

A seal member is provided on the outer peripheral side of the outer cleaning segment 11E in front of the injection nozzle 61B. Since the structure of this seal member is the same as that of the seal member 13 in the outer cleaning segments 11A and 11B, illustration and description thereof will be omitted.

The water supply pipe 62B is a pipe having a substantially circular cross section in which a large number of holes are formed over substantially the entire area on the outer peripheral side in the longitudinal direction, and is embedded in the segment main body 12B along the circumferential direction. . Both ends in the circumferential direction of each water supply pipe 62B are closed, and each water supply pipe 62B is separated from the water supply pipe 62B of the adjacent outer cleaning segment 11E and is independent of each other. That is,
By these six water supply pipes 62B, high pressure water flow passages divided into six are formed in the segment ring 11Y,
The jet water flow wj can be jetted independently for each of these divided ranges. The injection nozzle 61B is formed so as to communicate with each hole of the water supply pipe 62B.

Each outer cleaning segment 11E includes:
A communication hole 63B that communicates with the water supply pipe 62B from the inner peripheral side is formed. Each of these communication holes 63B is connected to the high-pressure water supply pump 71 via a connection hose 73 and a switching valve 72. The switching valve 72 switches the high-pressure water flow path between the high-pressure water supply pump 71 and the six connection hoses 73 to select one or more connection hoses 73.
Only the high pressure water is sent to them. That is, the switching valve 72 can switch the range in which the jet water flow wj is jetted out of the segment ring 11Y.

In the example of FIG. 15, high-pressure water is sent to only one of the six outer cleaning segments 11E, and the injection nozzle 61 of this outer cleaning segment 11E is supplied.
The jet water flow wj is jetted from B to wash the outer skin plate 5 and the clearance C. When the cleaning of the outside of the outside cleaning segment 11E is completed, the switching valve 72 is switched to clean the outside of the other outside cleaning segment 11E. If high-pressure water is sequentially supplied to the outer cleaning segment 11E adjacent clockwise or counterclockwise, the outer side of the segment ring 11Y is
One-sixth of the entire circumference can be cleaned sequentially. At the same time, two or more outer cleaning segments 11E
High-pressure water may be sent to the above to expand the range that can be washed at one time.

As described above, since the segment body 12B is integrally provided with the jet nozzle 61B and the water supply pipe 62B to form the outer segment 11E, it is possible to easily jet high-pressure water without using a separate washing hose or the like. . As a result, the clearance C is clogged and the skin plate 5
The backfill material, the earth and sand, etc. attached to the inner peripheral side can be easily and accurately removed in a short time, and the construction period can be further shortened. Further, since the seal member 13 is provided on the front side of the injection nozzle 61B, the clearance portion C immediately after being cleaned can be accurately sealed.

By using the outer cleaning segment 11E, the cleaning range of the outer circumference of the segment ring 11Y can be sequentially switched. That is, since the high-pressure water is not jetted over the entire circumference of the segment ring, it is possible to suppress the possibility that the water pressure of the jet water flow from the jet nozzle is lowered. Therefore, it can be used even if the output of the high-pressure water supply pump 71 is not very large, and a wide variety of pumps can be used as the high-pressure water supply pump 71, so that the construction cost can be further reduced.

[0097]

As described above, in the segment according to the present invention, since the structure as described above is adopted, the back filling material and the like can be accurately removed by cleaning the outside, and It is possible to provide a segment that facilitates construction and can reduce the construction period and the construction cost. A standard tunnel and a widening tunnel can be suitably constructed using such a segment, and a tunnel construction method that can shorten the construction period and reduce the construction cost can be provided.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a segment ring composed of segments according to an embodiment of the present invention,
(A) is a longitudinal sectional view seen from the front, and (b) is a lateral sectional view.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the segment ring shown in FIG. 1 viewed from the back side.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing a state in which a cleaning hose is inserted through the segment ring shown in FIG.
(A) is a horizontal sectional view and (b) is a vertical sectional view.

4 is a partially enlarged view showing a state in which a cleaning hose is inserted through the segment ring shown in FIG.
(A) is a horizontal sectional view and (b) is a vertical sectional view.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing an embodiment of a tunnel building method according to the present invention, in which FIG. 5A is a partial sectional view showing a standard tunnel building process, and FIG. 5B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. It is a perspective view.

FIG. 6 is likewise a partial cross-sectional view showing a standard tunnel widening step.

7A to 7C show how a skin plate and a clearance part are cleaned in a standard tunnel widening process.
It is a cross-sectional view shown in the order of (c).

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the movement of the cleaning hose in the guide groove in the standard tunnel widening step in the order of (a) to (c).

9A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a standard tunnel widening step, and FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 9A.

10A is a partial sectional view showing a standard tunnel widening step, and FIG. 10B is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

11A is a partial sectional view showing a standard tunnel widening step, FIG. 11B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11C is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. FIG.

12A is a partial sectional view showing a standard tunnel widening step, FIG. 12B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 12A, and FIG. 12C is a sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. FIG.

FIG. 13A is a partial cross-sectional view showing a widening tunnel building process, and FIG. 13B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 13A.

14A and 14B are views showing a segment ring formed by another example of the segment according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 14A is a vertical sectional view and FIG.

FIG. 15 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a segment ring configured by still another example of the segment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Shield Excavator 5 Skin Plate 7 Tail Packing (Tail Seal) 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, 11E Outer Cleaning Segment (Segment) 11, 11X, 11Y Segment Ring 12, 12A, 12B Segment Main Body 13 Sealing Member 15 Guide Groove 16 through hole 50, 50B cleaning hose 53a, 53b, 53c jet nozzle 61, 61B jet nozzle 62, 62B water pipe 63, 63B communication hole C clearance part F backfill material wj, wj ₁ , wj ₂ , wj ₃ jet water flow (High pressure water)

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    (72) Inventor Daizo Tanaka             Shimizu Construction 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Within the corporation (72) Inventor Akira Yoshikawa             Shimizu Construction 1-3-2 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo             Within the corporation F-term (reference) 2D055 BA02 BB01 CA01 EB01                 3B201 AA31 AB54 BB22 BB90 BB92

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator is sequentially assembled into a cylindrical shape while forming a predetermined clearance portion between the skin plate and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. , A segment forming a tunnel lining body, through which a washing hose for jetting high-pressure water from a jet nozzle toward the outside to wash the skin plate and the clearance portion is inserted, and the washing hose on the outer peripheral side is inserted. A segment characterized in that a guide groove for guiding along the circumferential direction is formed. 2. From the inner peripheral side to the guide groove,
A through hole is formed for inserting the cleaning hose from the inner peripheral side into the guide groove.
The segment described in. 3. The segment according to claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is an arc shape having a central angle larger than a semicircle. 4. A seal member, which is capable of projecting and retracting outward and abuts the skin plate to seal the clearance portion when protruding, is provided on the outer peripheral side in front of the guide groove. Claim 1 characterized by
3. The segment according to any one of 3. 5. A cylindrical skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator is sequentially assembled into a cylindrical shape while forming a predetermined clearance portion between the skin plate and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. , A segment forming a tunnel lining body, provided with an injection nozzle formed on the outer peripheral side and for injecting high-pressure water toward the outside, and a water supply pipe for supplying high-pressure water to the injection nozzle A segment characterized by that. 6. The segment according to claim 5, wherein a communication hole is provided which communicates with the water supply pipe from the inner peripheral side and through which high-pressure water is supplied to the water supply pipe. 7. A seal member, which is capable of projecting and retracting outward and abuts against the skin plate when it protrudes to seal the clearance portion, is provided on the outer peripheral side in front of the injection nozzle. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein
Alternatively, the segment according to claim 6. 8. The segments are sequentially assembled in a tubular shape inside a tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator while forming a predetermined clearance portion with the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. A tunnel construction method of constructing a tunnel lining body and advancing the shield excavator while sealing the clearance portion with a tail seal attached to an inner peripheral side of the skin plate. 4 is assembled on the front side of the tail seal, the tail hose passes through the guide groove, and then the cleaning hose is introduced from the inner peripheral side of the segment into the guide groove. While passing through the guide groove and moving in the guide groove, high-pressure water is fed into the cleaning hose and jetted outward from the jet nozzle. Are allowed, tunnels construction method characterized in that washing the skin plate and the clearance portion of the rear side of the tail seal. 9. The segments are sequentially assembled into a tubular shape while forming a predetermined clearance portion between the skin plate provided behind the shield excavator and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. A tunnel construction method of constructing a tunnel lining body and advancing the shield excavator while sealing the clearance portion with a tail seal attached to an inner peripheral side of the skin plate. 4 is assembled on the front side of the tail seal, and the cleaning hose is inserted from the inner peripheral side of the segment into the guide groove before the tail seal passes through the guide groove. In advance, and after the tail seal has passed through the guide groove, move the cleaning hose in the guide groove. However, a tunnel construction characterized in that high-pressure water is sent into the cleaning hose to be jetted outward from the jet nozzle to wash the skin plate and the clearance portion rearward of the tail seal. Method. 10. The segments are sequentially assembled in a tubular shape inside a tubular skin plate provided at the rear of the shield excavator while forming a predetermined clearance portion between the skin plate and the inner peripheral side of the skin plate. A tunnel construction method of constructing a tunnel lining body and advancing the shield excavator while sealing the clearance portion with a tail seal attached to an inner peripheral side of the skin plate. Alternatively, the segment according to claim 6 is assembled on the front side with respect to the tail seal, and after the tail seal passes through the injection nozzle, high-pressure water is fed from the inner peripheral side of the segment into the water feed pipe, The skin nozzle and the clearer on the rear side of the tail seal are jetted outward from the jet nozzle. Tunnel construction method characterized in that washing the scan unit.