JP2003316468A - Data arithmetic processing and method for transmission, recording and reproduction using reference oscillator for digital instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the following problems; a code error rate is high due to the generation of jitter occurring in a digital data arithmetic processing conducted by a reference oscillator for a digital instrument having poor stability in frequency, transmission, recording and reproduction; there are many residual errors after the code error is corrected even if code error detection and code error correcting capability is excellent; and high-quality arithmetic processing, transmitting, recording and reproducing capabilities are deteriorated. <P>SOLUTION: Using an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard 1, in which rubidium, cesium, hydrogen or mercury is used, in the reference oscillator for a digital instrument brings about peculiarly excellent stability and accuracy in frequency. This extremely reduces the generation of the jitter and greatly improves the accuracy in synchronization in the digital data arithmetic processing, transmission, recording and reproduction. Accordingly, the residual errors which still occur even if a code error correcting technique is applied can be minimized and processing capability is increasingly improved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a clock signal generator used in a digital device or a data calculation process of a digital device employing a reference oscillator using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen or mercury used in a clock signal generator. The present invention relates to a method of transmitting / recording / reproducing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a clock signal generator or a reference oscillator of a clock signal generator (clock generator) used for digital equipment in a digital arithmetic processing and transmission recording / reproducing system (computer equipment and system etc.) is generally used. A plurality of crystal oscillators are used, and analog / digital conversion or digital conversion is performed by the crystal oscillator before digital data arithmetic processing, then transmission, then recording, and then reproduction.

As a specific example thereof, there is a digital device including a digital device main body 12 and a reference crystal oscillator 13 for a clock signal generator incorporated in the digital device as shown in FIG. There are some which use a built-in reference crystal oscillator 13 to generate a clock signal necessary for digital equipment.

Further, as shown in FIG. 8, a clock signal generating or synthesizing device 1 for digital equipment, which has a built-in reference crystal oscillator or can input a reference signal from an external reference crystal oscillating device 1
4 and a digital device main body 15 for digital operation processing, transmission, recording and reproducing system, and generating a digital clock signal capable of inputting a reference signal from the built-in reference crystal oscillator or external reference crystal oscillation device. Alternatively, there is an apparatus that generates a clock signal required for a digital device by the synthesizer 14 and supplies the clock signal to the main body of the digital device.

Further, in the configuration example of the general-purpose computer or the personal computer divided by function as shown in FIG. 9, as an example, the clock signal generator is an arithmetic unit, a storage unit and a control unit in the central processing unit 16. Use of 14.318 MHz crystal oscillator and frequency synthesizer for use, use of 24.576 MHz crystal oscillator for input / output device 17, use of 32.76 for internal clock
A total of four units are installed, using an 8 kilohertz crystal oscillator and a 24.5 megahertz crystal oscillator for the communication device 18, and the frequency and frequency stability are different for each crystal oscillator. Furthermore, in reality, a method of synthesizing a clock frequency required for each device by using one crystal oscillator and a frequency generator or synthesizer has not been utilized. Further, the internal or externally connected magnetic desk recording device, FD recording device, CD-RW recording device, and DVD recording device each have a built-in clock crystal oscillator for each device, and the clock crystal used is the same as above. The reality is that the frequency and frequency stability differ for each oscillator.

Further, in the example of the simulator using the super computer as shown in FIG. 10, the clock signal generator uses the clock crystal oscillator for each of the 65 coupling networks 19, and the 640 calculation nodes 20. For each, one clock crystal oscillator is used for the shared memory and one clock crystal oscillator is used for each vector processor, for a total of eight units. other,
There are a magnetic desk storage device group and a cartridge tape library system group, and the total system is 51 in total.
More than 85 crystal oscillators for clocks are installed.
The frequency stability is actually different for each of the 5185 or more crystal oscillators for clocks. Again, 1
A method of obtaining a plurality of required clock frequencies with two crystal oscillators and a plurality of frequency generators or synthesizers for redundancy or supplying them to a required place with a plurality of clock distribution amplifiers has been used. The reality is that there is none.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, in the example of the supercomputer, one clock signal generator is used for the central processing unit 21 and a maximum of 16 clock signal generators are used for the main storage device 22.
2 units for the I / O device 23, a maximum of 8 units, the desk array device 24 for 3 units or more, the I / O control unit 25 for 1 unit or more, and 1 unit for each connected I / O unit. A maximum of 33 crystal oscillators for clocks are installed. In reality, the frequency stability is different for each of the maximum 33 or more clock crystal oscillators. In this regard as well, a method of obtaining a plurality of required clock frequencies by one or two crystal oscillators for redundancy and a plurality of frequency generators or synthesizers, and supplying them to respective required locations by a plurality of clock distribution amplifiers Is actually not used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 12, in an example of a multi-computer system having a dynamic redundant configuration, one clock signal generator is provided for each arithmetic processing unit 26 and one clock signal generator is provided for each multi-function control device 27 and 30. 2 on the base and desk storage device 28
In the system with the minimum configuration, a total of nine crystal oscillators for clocks are installed, and the frequency stability of each is different. . Also for this, 1 unit or 2 for redundancy
A method of obtaining a plurality of clock frequencies required by a single crystal oscillator and a plurality of frequency generators or synthesizers and supplying them to respective required locations by a plurality of clock distribution amplifiers is as follows.
The fact is that it is not used.

[0009]

However, when the above-described conventional crystal oscillator is used as a reference oscillator for digital equipment to supply a necessary clock frequency, the crystal oscillator has a low frequency stability, and therefore, the digital oscillator is not stable. It has been discovered in various studies that minute fluctuations (jitter, shake, etc.) of data, so-called jitter, has an adverse effect on data calculation processing, and this causes a code error such as data loss. In other words, some of the causes of what was thought to be data loss, code errors, software bugs,
It was found that there is a big problem in stability and accuracy of the control oscillator supplied internally or externally. It has been found that there is a dramatic improvement in digital data arithmetic processing, transmission, recording and reproduction that requires high quality by reducing the occurrence of code errors, in proportion to the stability and accuracy of the oscillator. Therefore, by using an atomic clock that uses rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, or mercury, or an atomic frequency standard that has significantly better stability and accuracy than a crystal oscillator, it is proportional to its frequency stability and frequency accuracy. In this way, the code error and the code conversion error are dramatically reduced and improved. That is, in the conventional crystal oscillator, the frequency stability and frequency accuracy required for digital data arithmetic processing, transmission, recording, and reproduction processing are insufficient, and there are many jitters during digital data arithmetic processing, transmission, recording, and reproduction, and code errors occur. Error occurs, the code error rate is high, high-quality arithmetic code processing and transmission recording / playback cannot always be obtained, and the reduction of code errors is insufficient even with code error correction technology, and many residual errors after code error correction occur. However, there is a problem that deterioration occurs in digital data arithmetic processing, transmission, recording and reproduction.

As one example of measuring the stability and accuracy of the control oscillator incorporated in the conventional computer system,
The clock on the computer system is unstable because it easily fluctuates from a few seconds to a few minutes per day. The instability of the oscillator that controls the digital system is revealed only by looking at the performance of the clock.

The general frequency stability of the above-mentioned conventional crystal oscillator is about 5 / 1,000,000, the frequency accuracy is 1 / 10,000 or less, and the frequency-temperature characteristic is 5 / 100,000.
It is about 1 to 10,000,000. On the other hand, the error rate of a general computer recording device used for digital equipment is required to be less than one trillionth to less than one trillionth, and required frequency stability is less than one tenth of a million. Less than 1 in 10 billion is required. Further, the processing speed of the microprocessor is 1 billion times or more per second, and the frequency stability required for digital data processing is required to be less than 5/10 billion. Furthermore, the instruction execution speed of the supercomputer is required to be less than 5/100 trillion when the floating point arithmetic processing is performed at 10 trillion times per second. Further, the data transfer rate of the system bus and the input / output bus for digital systems and digital devices is increased from 1.5 megabits per second to 10 gigabits per second, and the required frequency stability is less than 2 / 10,000,000 to 1 trillion. Less than one-third required.

Therefore, in the general frequency stability of the conventional crystal oscillator, the code error rate is high and the code error is corrected due to the digital data arithmetic processing used in the digital system and the digital equipment and the jitter occurrence during the transmission recording / reproducing. In addition, even if the detection capability is high, there are many residual errors after code error correction. In the conventional method that can be said to rely on such a code error correction technique, arithmetic processing and transmission requiring high quality and high accuracy are required. There is a problem due to deterioration of the recording / reproducing ability.

Further, the conventional digital system and the digital equipment are designed and implemented only for the purpose of improving the processing capability, and when the clock frequency of a general digital processor is increased, it is possible to realize from several megahertz to several gigahertz and to improve the operation processing speed. 10 to 10 million operations per second for speeding up
Although it has realized 100 million operations per second, the advanced code error correction technology has been developed and put to practical use with it, but the stability and accuracy of the clock have not been examined, and it has been regarded as completely neglected. I have a problem. Therefore, as the technology of digital arithmetic processing and transmission / recording / reproduction is improved, the higher the speed and the higher the density, the more serious the problem of stability and accuracy of the clock. With the conventional method, with the development of high-speed processing and high-density technology, it is inevitable that the digital system and the entire digital device will suffer a major obstacle as a problem of stability and accuracy regarding the clock.

In view of such circumstances, the present invention solves the problem of using the above-mentioned conventional crystal oscillator as a reference oscillator, and the occurrence of jitter is extremely reduced during digital data arithmetic processing and transmission recording / reproduction, and (EN) Provided are a data arithmetic processing and a transmission / recording / reproducing method for a digital device, in which the synchronization accuracy is remarkably improved, which can contribute to the minimization of the residual error that occurs even when relying on a code error correction technology, and which dramatically improves the processing capability. That is the purpose.

[0015]

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and employs the following technical means. In the invention according to claim 1, an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard using rubidium is used as the reference oscillator for digital equipment, and in the invention according to claim 2, cesium is used as the reference oscillator for digital equipment. The atomic clock or atomic frequency standard used is used, and in the invention of claim 3, an atomic clock using hydrogen or an atomic frequency standard is used for the reference oscillator for digital equipment. In the invention, the technical means of using an atomic clock using mercury or an atomic frequency standard for the reference oscillator for digital equipment is adopted. In these methods, by utilizing the inherently excellent frequency stability and frequency accuracy of an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard, jitter generation is extremely reduced during digital data arithmetic processing and transmission recording / reproduction, and Sync accuracy has improved dramatically,
Provided is a data operation processing and transmission recording / reproducing method for a digital device, which can contribute to the minimization of residual errors that occur even when relying on a code error correction technique, and which dramatically improves high-quality processing capability. For example, a digital system and a digital device controlled by a conventional oscillator below a crystal as a clock generator are equivalent to performing abacus calculation under a strong earthquake, if the processing is compared to abacus calculation. By adopting an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard that uses rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, and mercury as the clock generator and increasing the stability and accuracy, it is said that accurate calculations can be performed in a more stable environment. It will be.

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention adopts an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using rubidium as a reference oscillator for digital equipment, so that the frequency stability is less than 5/100 billion and the frequency accuracy is 100. It is about five hundredths of a million, which satisfies the frequency stability required for digital data arithmetic processing, and the frequency stability and frequency accuracy required for data transmission / recording / reproduction, excluding those related to higher-level supercomputers.

By adopting an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using cesium as the reference oscillator for digital equipment, the frequency stability becomes less than 5/100 trillion and the frequency accuracy becomes less than 1/1 trillion. A device that satisfies the frequency stability required for arithmetic processing and the frequency stability and frequency accuracy required for data transmission recording / playback.

By adopting an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using hydrogen as the reference oscillator for digital equipment, the frequency stability is less than 2 kyoto and the frequency accuracy is less than 1 trillion, and the digital data A device that satisfies the frequency stability required for arithmetic processing and the frequency stability and frequency accuracy required for data transmission recording / playback.

By adopting an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using mercury as the reference oscillator for digital equipment, the frequency stability is less than 1 / Kth and the frequency accuracy is less than 1 / trillion. An embodiment is one that satisfies the frequency stability required at the time of arithmetic processing and the frequency stability and frequency accuracy required at the time of data transmission recording / reproduction.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The flowcharts shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, and FIG. 4 show a method of using an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard in the reference oscillator for digital equipment according to this embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 is an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard, which is either a rubidium-based one, a cesium-based one, a hydrogen-based one, or a mercury-based one. It supplies a reference signal used for the clock signal generating or synthesizing device 2.

Reference numeral 2 denotes a clock signal generator or synthesizer for digital equipment, which generates a single or a plurality of clock signals for digital equipment based on a reference signal supplied from an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard, and outputs a single or It supplies a plurality of digital devices.

Reference numeral 3 denotes a digital system or a digital device, which is classified as a super computer device and system, computer device and system, microcomputer device and system, personal computer device and system, digital recording system (semiconductor memory device for computer, computer). Magnetic storage device, compact disc (CD) device, digital video disc (DVD) device, DAT device, mini disc (MD) device, magneto-optical (MO) device, digital tape recorder using magnetic tape media, digital VTR, Hard disk (HD) device, other semiconductor memory device), computer network device and system, LAN
It can be applied to all digital systems and devices such as devices and systems, WAN devices and systems, online systems.

Reference numeral 4 is a built-in atomic clock or atomic frequency standard, which is either one using rubidium, one using cesium, one using hydrogen, or one using mercury. , A clock signal generator or synthesizer 2 for digital equipment, or a reference signal used for an apparatus and system.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a built-in digital device clock signal generator or synthesizer, or a device or device, which generates a single or a plurality of digital device clock signals based on a reference signal supplied from an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard. It is generated and supplied to one or more digital devices.

Reference numeral 6 denotes an integrated digital device, which is classified into a super computer device and system, a computer device and system, a microcomputer device and system, a personal computer device and system, a digital recording system (semiconductor memory device for computer, computer). Magnetic storage device, compact disc (CD) device, digital video disc (DVD) device, DAT device, mini disc (MD) device, magneto-optical (MO) device, digital tape recorder using magnetic tape media, digital VTR, Hard disk (H
D) devices, other semiconductor memory devices), computer network devices and systems, LAN devices and systems, WAN devices and systems, online systems, and other digital systems and digital devices.

The flowchart shown in FIG. 3 presents an example of use in a general-purpose computer or a personal computer as an example of the present invention. Reference numeral 7 is an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard, which uses one of rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, or mercury to generate a clock for digital equipment. Alternatively, the reference signal used for the synthesizer 8 is supplied. Reference numeral 8 denotes a clock signal generating or synthesizing device for digital equipment and a distribution amplifier, which generates a plurality of clock signals for digital equipment based on a reference signal supplied from an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard to generate a plurality of digital equipment. Is to be supplied to. Reference numeral 9 is a general-purpose computer device or system, and a plurality of necessary clock signals are supplied from a clock generator or synthesizer for digital equipment and a distribution amplifier in 8. The general-purpose computer device or system of 9 includes an arithmetic unit, a control unit, and a storage unit as a central processing unit, one kind as a necessary clock, one kind as a necessary clock as an input / output device, and input / output devices to be connected. There is at least one kind of clock required for communication equipment, and one or more kinds of clock required for communication equipment. At least four kinds of clocks required for the system must be distributed. Supplied.

The flow chart shown in FIG. 4 presents an example used in a supercomputer as an example of the present invention. 10 is an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard, which uses rubidium or cesium,
Alternatively, one using hydrogen or one using mercury is used to supply the reference signal used for the clock generator or synthesizer for digital equipment and the distribution amplifier 11. Reference numeral 11 denotes a clock signal generating or synthesizing device for digital equipment and a distribution amplifier, which generates clock signals for a plurality of digital equipment based on a reference signal supplied from an atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard to generate a plurality of digital equipment. Is to be supplied to. From the clock distribution to the network equipment is a super computer system, and a plurality of necessary clock signals are supplied from a clock generator or synthesizer for 11 digital equipment and a distribution amplifier. This super computer system is
A central processing unit group is configured, and one type has a maximum of 16 distributions as required clocks, one type has a main storage device, one type has a maximum of 4 types or more for an input / output device, and one type has a input / output for desk array devices One or more types for control devices, 1 for input / output devices connected to the input / output control device
There are at least 6 seeds, and the minimum clock required for the system is 6
The number of distributions must be at least 6 and at least 23 or more at the maximum, and 11 clock generators or synthesizers for digital equipment and distribution amplifiers must be supplied.

[0029]

As a result of adopting the above configuration, the present invention provides
The following effects can be obtained. Utilizing the inherent excellent frequency stability and frequency accuracy of atomic clocks or atomic frequency standards that use rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, or mercury in the method of using atomic clocks or atomic frequency standards for digital device reference oscillators. By doing
Jitter generation is extremely reduced during digital data arithmetic processing, transmission, recording and reproduction, and synchronization accuracy is significantly improved, which contributes to the minimization of residual errors that occur even when relying on code error correction technology, resulting in high quality. Can realize digital systems and devices that dramatically improve processing capacity.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a digital system and a digital device using an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, and mercury.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a digital system and a digital device in which an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, and mercury is incorporated.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a general-purpose computer or a personal computer using an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, and mercury.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a supercomputer system using an atomic clock or atomic frequency standard using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, and mercury.

FIG. 5 is a graph diagram showing an example of a comparison effect regarding a calculation speed and a calculation complexity of a calculation processing device.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of a comparison effect regarding error correction capability with respect to an error.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a digital system and a digital device in which a clock crystal oscillator is incorporated in a conventional reference oscillator for digital device.

FIG. 8 is a conventional digital device reference oscillator with a built-in crystal oscillator, or a digital device clock signal generator capable of inputting a reference signal from an external reference crystal oscillator, and can be driven by externally supplying a digital device clock signal. It is a block diagram which shows a digital system or a digital device.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing a general-purpose computer or a personal computer in which a plurality of crystal oscillators for clocks are incorporated in a conventional reference oscillator for digital equipment.

FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a simulator using a supercomputer in which a plurality of clock crystal oscillators are incorporated in a conventional reference oscillator for digital equipment.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a supercomputer system in which a plurality of clock crystal oscillators are incorporated in a conventional reference oscillator for digital equipment.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a conventional multi-computer system having a dynamic redundant configuration in which a plurality of clock crystal oscillators are incorporated in a digital device reference oscillator.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Atomic clock or atomic frequency standard using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, mercury 2 ... Digital device and clock signal generator or synthesizer for digital system and distribution amplifier 3 ... Digital system or digital device 4 ... Built-in Atomic clock or atomic frequency standard 5 using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, mercury ... Built-in digital system or clock signal generator or synthesizer or device for digital equipment and distribution amplifier 6 ... digital system or digital Equipment 7 ・ ・ ・ Atomic clock or atomic frequency standard 8 using rubidium, cesium, hydrogen, mercury ・ ・ ・ Clock signal generator or synthesizer for digital equipment and digital system and distribution amplifier 9 ・ ・ ・ General-purpose computer or personal computer 10 ・ ・ ・Rubidium, Atomic clock or atomic frequency standard 11 using um, hydrogen, mercury ..... Clock signal generating or synthesizing device for digital equipment and digital system and distribution amplifier 12 ... Conventional digital system or digital equipment 13 ... Conventional digital equipment As a reference oscillator, a single or a plurality of clock crystal oscillators 14 for built-in reference ..... Clock signal generator or synthesizer for conventional digital equipment (reference signal that can be supplied from a built-in reference crystal oscillator or an external reference crystal oscillator) Input 15) Conventional digital system or digital device 16 ... Conventional general-purpose computer or personal computer arithmetic processing unit with built-in clock crystal oscillator as reference oscillator for digital device 17 ... Conventional general-purpose computer or personal Input / output for computer In addition, a single or a plurality of crystal oscillators for clocks are incorporated as reference oscillators for digital equipment 18 ... Conventional communication devices for general-purpose computers or personal computers, and crystal oscillators for clocks are incorporated 19 as reference oscillators for digital equipment. This is a simulator connection network that uses a supercomputer, and is composed of 65 units. 65 crystal oscillators for clocks are built-in as reference oscillators for digital equipment. It consists of 640 units, and each node has 8 clock crystal oscillators as a reference oscillator for digital equipment, a total of 5120 clock crystal oscillators built-in 21 .. Reference oscillator for each digital device One clock crystal oscillator is built-in, and up to 16 clock crystal oscillators are built-in 22 .... In a conventional supercomputer storage device, a clock crystal oscillator is built-in as a reference oscillator for digital equipment. A conventional input / output device for supercomputers,
Each device contains one or more clock crystal oscillators as a reference oscillator for digital equipment, and a maximum of four or more clock crystal oscillators 24 ..... Conventional supercomputer desk array equipment, digital equipment reference oscillators. Built-in three or more clock crystal oscillators as oscillators 25 ..... Conventional I / O controller for supercomputers, and built-in one or more clock crystal oscillators as reference oscillators for digital equipment. An arithmetic processing unit including a storage device for a multi-computer system having a configuration, one crystal oscillator for a clock is incorporated as a reference oscillator for digital equipment for each device, and two crystal oscillators for a clock are incorporated in a minimum configuration. A multi-functional controller for a conventional multi-computer system with a dynamic redundant configuration, which is a base for digital equipment. Built-in clock crystal oscillator as an oscillator 28 ... In a desk recording device for a multi-computer system having a conventional dynamic redundant configuration, one clock crystal oscillator is built in as a reference oscillator for digital equipment for each device, and the minimum configuration is required. Built-in two clock crystal oscillators 29 ..... In a conventional recording device for a multi-computer system having a dynamic redundant configuration, one clock crystal oscillator is built in as a reference oscillator for digital equipment for each device, and the minimum configuration is required. Built-in two crystal oscillators for clock 30 ... Multi-function control device for multi-computer system with conventional dynamic redundancy configuration. Built-in crystal oscillator for clock as reference oscillator for digital equipment 31. Conventional dynamic redundancy It is a communication control unit for multi-computer system that has a configuration and is used as a reference oscillator for digital equipment Built-in crystal oscillator for a click

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using rubidium is used as a reference oscillator for digital equipment to execute and transmit arithmetic processing of digital data, and then record and then digital data. And a data recording / reproducing method for reproducing data. 2. An atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using cesium is used as a reference oscillator for digital equipment to execute and transmit arithmetic processing of digital data, and then record and then digital data. And a data recording / reproducing method for reproducing data. 3. An atomic clock using hydrogen or an atomic frequency standard for a reference oscillator for digital equipment to execute and transmit arithmetic processing of digital data, then record, and then record digital data. And a data recording / reproducing method for reproducing data. 4. An atomic clock or an atomic frequency standard using mercury is used as a reference oscillator for digital equipment to execute and transmit arithmetic processing of digital data, and then record and then digital data. And a data recording / reproducing method for reproducing data.