JP2003254743A - Clearance measurement method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clearance measurement method for accurately measuring the clearance between a fitting member and an opening part in a vehicle body main body with high workability and reliability. <P>SOLUTION: Indexes A and B serving as references are fixed to the vehicle body main body W and the fitting member W1 for a clearance measurement part. Then, while the fitting member W1 is set in a closed condition, the indexes A and B are photographed by means of a three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 so that their shapes are stored. Then, while the fitting member W1 is set in an opened condition, an opening part surface shape of the vehicle body main body W is measured with the index B by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 so that their shapes are stored. The shape of the fitting member W1 back face is measured with the index A by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 so that their shapes are stored. The scanning data stored respectively are synthesized on the basis of the indexes A and B for obtaining the shape of the clearance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gap measuring method for measuring a gap between a building member such as a door and an opening of a vehicle body facing the building member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, such a gap has been measured by using a so-called three-dimensional shape measuring device, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-2002.
It is measured by the method described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2566.

According to this conventional technique, first, a vehicle is placed on a measuring table of a three-dimensional measuring apparatus, and image data obtained by measuring the external shape of the entire vehicle body with the door closed is stored. Next, the door is removed and the shape of the opening is measured, and similarly image data corresponding to this shape is stored. Furthermore, the entire shape of the removed door is also measured, and the image data corresponding to this shape is also stored. Then, an image of the shape of the opening and the shape of the back surface of the door are combined on the basis of the shape of the entire vehicle body that was measured first, and a gap is formed on the image data. In this way, the size of the gap is obtained.

[0004]

However, in the conventional three-dimensional measuring apparatus, the three-dimensional measuring sensor for measuring the shape is moved in the vertical, horizontal and height directions with respect to the vehicle mounted on the measuring table. I have to. In other words, the sensor moves linearly in the three directions with respect to the surface of the measuring table to measure the shapes of the vehicle body and the door. I had to remove the door from the car. In other words, the door must be removed from the car body regardless of the inspection result,
In the inspection process, work other than measurement work was required, workability was poor, inspection took time, and productivity was poor.
Moreover, after the measurement, the door is attached to the vehicle body according to the measurement result, but it is difficult to restore the door by this work, and the reliability of the measurement is low.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems. For example, a clearance between a building member of an automobile and an opening of a vehicle body which faces the building member is provided with good workability, high reliability and accuracy. It is an object of the present invention to provide a gap measuring method capable of performing measurement.

[0006]

A first aspect of the present invention is a gap measuring method for measuring a gap around a building member in an automobile body in which a building member is assembled in an opening formed in a vehicle body so as to be openable and closable. A three-dimensional measurement sensor for measuring both the reference indexes on the vehicle body side and the building member side in a state where the reference member is mounted on the vehicle body and the building member, respectively, and in a state where the building member is closed. The reference measurement process for specifying the positions of both reference indices by measuring with the reference, and the shape of the opening surface on the body side of the vehicle body and the shape of the periphery of the building A shape measuring step of measuring the shape including an index by the three-dimensional measurement sensor and storing each shape including a reference index, and a shape measuring step of storing each shape stored in the shape measuring step in the reference measuring step. And the synthesized based on the position of the reference index was characterized and synthesized to obtain the shape of the gap, in that it consists of. Examples of the building member include a front hood, a door, a trunk lid and the like.

A second invention is characterized in that, in the first invention, each of the reference indexes on the vehicle body side and the building member side is provided with at least three spheres.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect of the present invention, the reference indexes of the vehicle body side and the building member are the vehicle body outside or inside the vehicle body with the building member closed. Side or the surface of the building member, which are located close to each other, and are positioned so that they can be measured together with the constituent surface of the gap on the side where the reference index is attached with the building member open. It is characterized by doing.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second or third aspect of the invention, the respective six spheres serving as reference indices on the vehicle body side and the building member side have different diameters, and the reference measurement step and It is characterized in that an ID number corresponding to the diameter is given every time a sphere is extracted from the measurement image in the shape measuring step.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the second or third aspect of the present invention, the reference index on either side of the vehicle body or the building member is capable of generating plane coordinates depending on the positional relationship between spheres. It is characterized in that the obtained plane coordinates are fixed in conformity with the direction in which the cross section of the gap is to be obtained.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first to fifth aspects, the reference indices of the vehicle body side and the building member are set as a set at a plurality of gap measurement points on the periphery of the building member. Then, the shapes of the reference measurement step and the shape measurement step are grouped for each gap measurement point, and the shape of the gap at the gap measurement point is obtained in the combining step.

[0012]

Therefore, according to the first aspect of the invention, the reference body indexes are attached to the vehicle body and the building member in the index attaching step, and both the reference indexes on the vehicle body side and the building member side are three-dimensionally set in the reference measuring step. The position of both reference indices is specified by measuring with the measurement sensor, and the shape of the opening surface on the body side of the vehicle body and the shape of the periphery of the building member are measured on each side with the building member opened in the shape measuring process. The reference index including the reference index is measured by the three-dimensional measurement sensor to store each shape including the reference index, and each shape stored in the shape measuring step in the synthesizing step is specified in the reference measuring step. The shape of the gap is obtained by synthesizing based on the position.

For this reason, it becomes unnecessary to perform the work other than the measurement for separating the respective building members as in the conventional case, the time required for the inspection process can be shortened, and the productivity can be improved. .

Further, since it is not necessary to reattach the building member to the vehicle body after the measurement, accurate measurement can be performed without lowering the reliability.

Since the positions of the reference indexes on both the vehicle body side and the building member side are specified and the shapes on the respective sides including the reference indexes on the respective sides are measured and stored, even complicated shapes can be deleted. You can easily edit and measure the gap in the process.

In the second invention, in addition to the effect of the first invention, since each reference index includes at least three spheres, the center position of the sphere can be measured from any position. Even if the measurement position by the three-dimensional measurement sensor is arbitrarily set, the three-dimensional coordinates can be configured based on the center position coordinates of the three spheres, and the coordinate conversion is easy.

In the third invention, in addition to the effect of the first or second invention, the reference indexes of the vehicle body side and the building member are outside the vehicle body or inside the vehicle body with the building member closed. Positioned close to each other on the surface of either the vehicle body side or the building member side, and measurable along with the gap constituent surface on the side where the reference index is attached with the building member open Let me arrange. Therefore, even in the measurement from the rear surface side of the building member or the vehicle body forming the gap, three-dimensional coordinates can be configured from the arbitrary measurement position based on the center position coordinates of the three spheres, and the coordinate conversion is easy. .

In the fourth invention, in addition to the effects of the second or third invention, the six spheres as reference indexes on the vehicle body side and the building member side have different diameters, respectively. Every time a sphere is extracted from the measurement images of the measurement process and the shape measurement process, an ID number corresponding to the diameter is given. Therefore, the same sphere can be easily identified in the reference measurement process and the shape measurement process by the ID number during the synthesis process, and the shape of the gap can be automatically obtained.

In the fifth invention, in addition to the effects of the second or third invention, the reference index on either the vehicle body side or the building member can generate plane coordinates depending on the positional relationship between the spheres. , The obtained plane coordinates are fixed in conformity with the direction in which the cross section of the gap is to be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to automatically specify the cross-section cutting position of the shape of the gap obtained in the combining process. Moreover, since the reference index predicts and fixes the cross-section cut surface in the index mounting step, the obtained two-dimensional data can be matched with the intended one.

In the sixth invention, in addition to the effects of the first to fifth inventions, each of the reference indexes of the vehicle body side and the building member is set as a set, and a plurality of gaps are measured around the periphery of the building member. In order to obtain the shape of the gap at the gap measurement location in the synthesis process by grouping the shapes of the reference measurement process and the shape measurement process for each gap measurement place, work from the index mounting process to the synthesis process in stages. can do.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a measuring device used in the gap measuring method of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a measuring procedure. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a reference index used in the measuring method of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an attachment procedure of the reference index. 5 to 8 show details of the measurement procedure shown in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 9 to 12 are diagrams showing the manner of measurement by the measurement method of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a processing flowchart executed by the image processing apparatus.
18 to 18 are diagrams showing the manner of processing by the image processing apparatus.

As shown in FIG. 1, the measuring device used in the gap measuring method of the present embodiment comprises a non-contact type three-dimensional measuring sensor 1 for three-dimensionally scanning the surface shape of the object to be measured in one shot, and a three-dimensional measuring sensor. A storage device 2 for individually storing scanning data from the original measurement sensor 1 and an image processing device 3 for performing image processing such as rotation, synthesis, and cutting of these scanning data.

As shown in FIG. 3, the reference index comprises an index A fixed to the building member side and an index B fixed to the vehicle body side.

The index A forms a coordinate reference for measuring the surface shape of the building member W1, which constitutes one of the gaps to be measured, such as the front hood, door, and trunk lid. As shown in FIG. 3A, the index A is a fixing means 5 such as a magnet for attaching the index body 6 to the building member W1, and three pieces arranged on the index body 6 at a position offset from the fixing means 5. The reference unit 7 is composed of spherical bodies C to E.

Each of the spheres C to E of the reference portion 7 is an index A.
The support rods 6A protruding from the index main body 6 are fixed to the tapered tips of the respective indicator bodies 6 so that most of the surface of the hemisphere can be detected when viewed from the front side and the back side. Sphere C, D
Is located above the index body 6 and the sphere E is located below the index body 6. The diameter of each sphere C to E is, for example, sphere C
(10 mm), sphere D (12 mm), sphere E (14 m
m) and the like, the difference is set to be large for easy identification. That is, the respective spheres C to E are arranged at different positions and diameters in substantially the same plane to create a three-dimensional coordinate reference.

For each sphere C to E, the center point and diameter of each sphere C to E can be calculated based on the scanning data of the hemisphere portion, and the center position coordinates are calculated from all angles such as the front side and the back side of the index A. It is possible to distinguish by the difference in diameter.

When the index A is fixed to the building member W1 by a magnet which is the fixing means 5, the three spheres C to
The reference portion 7 made of E is arranged so as to protrude from the edge of the building member W1. In order to project from the edge of the building member W1,
The reference portion 7 can be detected in the image from the back side (back side) of the building member W1.

The index B forms a coordinate reference for measuring the surface shape of the vehicle body W which constitutes the other of the gaps to be measured. It is also used as a standard for determining the cross-sectional portion of the gap to be measured. As shown in FIG. 3B, the index B is a fixing portion 9 such as a magnet for attaching the index body 8 to the vehicle body W side, and a reference portion formed by three spheres F to H arranged on the index body 8. 10 is provided.

Each of the spheres F to H of the reference portion 10 has a tapered tip of a support rod 8A protruding from the index main body 8 so that most of the hemispherical surface of the index B can be detected when viewed from the surface side of the index B. It is fixed to. The spheres F and G are located above the index body 8, and the sphere H is located below the index body 8.

The diameter of each sphere F to H is, for example, sphere F
(16 mm), sphere G (18 mm), sphere H (20 m
m) and the like, the difference is set to be large for easy identification. Further, the diameters of the spheres C to E of the reference index A are also made different.

That is, the spheres F to H are arranged so that the positions and the diameters thereof are different from each other on the substantially same plane so as to create a three-dimensional coordinate reference. Each of the spheres F to H can calculate the center point and the diameter of the spheres F to H based on the scanning data of the hemispherical portion, and can be identified by the difference between the center position coordinates and the diameter from every angle on the front side of the index B. I am trying. Two spheres F and G of each sphere F to H are arranged at the same distance from the index main body 8 and the cross-section portion to be measured by the pair of spheres F and G is sphere F to G. The determination is made by making it orthogonal to the common plane of H.

When the index B is fixed to the body W of the vehicle body by the fixing means 9, the reference portion 1 is composed of three spheres F to H.
0 is arranged at a position close to the edge of the building member W1, and two spheres F and G of each sphere F to H are positioned so as to determine the breaking direction of the gap portion to be measured.

In principle, the indexes A and B are fixed to the building member W1 side and the index B to the vehicle body W side by fixing means 5 and 9 with the edge of the building member W1 sandwiched therebetween. Fix and position as shown in FIG. That is, the reference part 7 of the index A is located on the surface of the vehicle body W side beyond the edge of the building member W1, and the index B is arranged adjacent to the reference part 7 of the index A. The building member W1 and the index A are integrated, and when the building member W1 is opened, only the index A moves together with the building member W1.

The measuring device thus constructed is operated by the measuring procedure shown in FIG.
For example, the shape of the gap between the peripheral edge of the building member W1 and the opening of the vehicle body W is captured as scanning data.

The details of this measurement will be described below with reference to the measurement procedure of FIG. 2 and FIGS.

First, in the procedure 1 as the index attaching step, the reference indices A and B are attached with the building member W1 closed. As shown in FIG. 5, the reference indexes A and B are attached to a plurality of parts around the building member W1 to be measured, and the set of combinations of the indexes A and B is fixed. In the illustrated example, there are 5 positions (101 to 105) corresponding to the door sash, 2 positions near the door hinge (106, 107), and 2 positions under the door (108, 1).
09) and two positions near the door lock (110, 1,
11) is the measurement position. FIG. 9 shows the building member W1.
Is an example of attachment of the indexes A and B in the set state in the vicinity (106) where the door lock opposite to the hinge part of the door is located. The index A is fixed by projecting from the edge of the door as the building member W1 so that the reference portion 7 can be seen from the inside of the door when the door is opened. Index B is sphere F, G
The position is fixed so that the plane for cutting the cross section of the gap between the building member W1 and the vehicle body W is set according to the position of. The relative positional relationship between the index A and the index B does not need to be a strict positional relationship and may be a rough positional relationship.

On the hinge side of the door as the building member W1, from the indoor side, the index A has its reference portion 7 located inside the door and is fixed to the vehicle body W side, and the index B is the building member. The reference part 10 of the index A on the inside of the door as W1
Fix it according to.

Although the setting positions of the spheres E and H of the indexes A and B and the shapes of the index bodies 6 and 8 are different from those of FIGS. 3 and 4, the diameters of the spheres are the same as in FIGS. Any index may be used as long as they are different from each other.

Next, measurement procedure 2 as a reference measurement step
6, as shown in FIG. 6, each measurement site is scanned in one shot by the handy type three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 so that the indexes A and B in the state where the door as the building member W1 is closed enter the screen at the same time. To learn. At the time of this scanning, the position and angle of the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 do not need to specify the absolute values thereof, but may be rough positioning including the above range in the image depending on the handy type. Each time each measurement site (any of 101 to 111) is measured, the scan data includes, for example, 101, 102,
103, ... and measurement site (any of 101 to 111)
A file name is assigned to each and stored in the image storage means 3, and the measurement is performed for all measurement sites (101 to 111). At the measurement site (110, 111) on the side of the door hinge, scanning is performed in one shot from the indoor side so that the indices A and B are also included in the captured image. In this scan data, the spherical surfaces of the spherical bodies C to H of the indexes A and B and the building member W
The shapes of 1 and the panel surface of the vehicle body W are input. This scan data is formed by data based on sensor coordinates. This scan data constitutes reference data (101 to 111). FIG. 10 is an example showing a scanning range including the indexes A and B in the vicinity (106) located above the door lock opposite to the hinge part of the door as the building member W1, and the scanning image is the same. The image shown in (B) is obtained.

Next, in the measurement procedure 3 as one of the shape measuring steps, all the surfaces forming one of the gaps to be measured on the vehicle body W side with the door as the building member W1 opened. Measurement site (201-21
In 1), one-shot scanning is performed by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1. Each time the measurement site (any of 201 to 211) is measured, the previous file name (101 to
111), the scan data is associated with, for example, 20
1, 202, 203, ... and measurement site (201 to 211)
Each of these) is given a file name and stored in the image storage means 2, and the measurement is performed for all measurement sites (201 to 211). At the measurement site (210, 211) on the door hinge side, the surface of the vehicle body main body W side that forms the gap, including the index A protruding from the indoor side when the door is opened, is scanned so as to enter the captured image. In this scan data,
Data of the spheres F to H of the index B (the door hinge side is the index A) (the spheres C to E on the door hinge side) and the panel surface of the vehicle body W are input as images. This image data is also formed by the data based on the sensor coordinates, and is not directly related to the previous scan data 101, 102, ... This scan data is the body data (201-
211). FIG. 11 is an example showing a scanning range (indicated by a frame in the figure) including the index B in the vicinity (206) located above the door lock opposite to the hinge part of the door as the building member W1. As the scanning image, the scanning data shown in (B) is obtained.

Next, in the measurement procedure 4 as the other of the shape measuring process, the surface forming the other of the gaps to be measured on the side of the building member W1 is measured with the door as the building member W1 opened. , All measurement sites (30
1 to 311), one-shot scanning is performed by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1. Each measurement site (301-31
Each time one of (1) is measured, the scanning data is associated with the previous file name (101 to 110, 201 to 211), for example, 301, 302, 303,
.. and a measurement site (any one of 301 to 311) is given a file name and stored in the image storage means 2, and the measurement is performed for all the measurement sites (301 to 311). In the measurement parts 310 and 311 on the door hinge side, the door side surface forming the gap, including the index B located on the indoor side when the door is opened, is scanned so as to enter the captured image. The spheres C to E of the index A (the index B on the door hinge side) (the spheres F to H on the door hinge side) and the shape of the panel surface of the door are input as data to the scan data. This scanning data is also formed by the data based on the sensor coordinates, and the scan data 101 of the previous time and the scan before the last time,
., And 201, 202, ... Are not directly related. This scanning data constitutes the building member data (301 to 311). FIG. 12 is an example showing a scanning range (indicated by a frame in the drawing) including the index A in the vicinity 306 located above the door lock opposite to the hinge part of the door as the building member W1, and the scanning is performed. As the image, the image shown in FIG.

Next, the image processing of step 5 as a synthesizing step is executed by the image processing means 3. The processing contents of the image processing means 3 will be described below with reference to FIG. This time, the same measurement site (101, 201, 301 ~
(111, 211, 311) are grouped, spheres C to H are extracted from the scanning data of the same group, and the center coordinates and diameter of each sphere C to H are calculated. Next, the body coordinates of the spheres C to H of the grouped reference data are coordinate-converted so that the center coordinates of the spheres C to H are matched with the body body data and the building member data to form a gap. The three-dimensional data of each component surface on the side and the building member W1 side is obtained. Subsequently, the two-dimensional data of each surface forming the gap is obtained from the three-dimensional data and the cross-sectional data determined by the center coordinates of the spheres F to H of the vehicle body W side index.

In FIG. 13, steps S1 to S3 are
The reference data (101
To 111), vehicle body data (201 to 211), and building member data (301 to 311), respectively.
These data are, for example, reference data (101, 102, 103, ...), vehicle body data (201, 202, 203, ...), building member data (301, 302, ...) For the same measurement site. 303, ...)
File numbers with the same lower file name are attached. In this case, it is identified that the upper file names are data on the reference side, the vehicle body side, and the building member side.

In step S4, each file (for example, 101, 201, 301) of the same measurement site is selected by the lower file name of the file name.

Next, in steps S5 to S7, each file (for example, 101, 20) of the selected same group is selected.
Each sphere C to H is extracted from the scanning data of (1, 301). The hemispherical portion of each of the spheres C to H is incorporated in the scanning data. Six spheres can be extracted from the reference data 101, three spheres from the vehicle body data 201, and three spheres from the building member data 301.

Next, in steps S8 to S10, the center point coordinates (X, Y, Z) of each of the extracted spheres C to H and their diameter (D) are calculated. The center point coordinates (X, Y, Z) are calculated from the respective sensor coordinates of the reference data 101, the vehicle body data 201, and the building member data 301. In the reference data 101, in step S8, the center point coordinates and the diameter (X4
1, Y41, Z41, D41 to X46, Y46, Z4
6, D46) is calculated. In the vehicle body data 201, the center point coordinates and diameters (X51, Y51, Z51, D51 to 3) of the three spheres F to H are calculated in step S9.
X53, Y53, Z53, D53) is calculated. In the building member data 301, the center point coordinates and the diameter (X6) of the three spheres C to E are calculated in step S10.
1, Y61, Z61, D61 to X63, Y63, Z6
3, D63) is calculated.

Next, the diameter data D is organized by steps S11 to S13. Sphere C used as an index ~
H is the diameter D, for example, D = 10 mm, 12 m
m, 14 mm, 16 mm, 18 mm, 20 mm. Therefore, for example, for a sphere in which the measured diameter data D is in the range of 9.8 mm to 10.2 mm, the diameter data D is 11.
1 for a sphere in the range 8 mm to 12.2 mm
Arrange it as 2 mm. Below, diameter 14mm, 16mm,
The same applies to 18 mm and 20 mm.

Next, in steps S14 to S16, each sphere is given an ID number for each diameter, and for each ID number,
Organize its center coordinates and diameter. For example, D41 =
10 mm, D42 = 12 mm, D43 = 20 mm, D4
If 4 = 18 mm, D45 = 14 mm, D46 = 16 mm, D41 is ID = 10, D42 is ID = 12, D
43 is ID = 20, D44 is ID = 18, D45 is ID
= 14, and D46 has ID = 16. As a result, the position data and the diameter data of the spheres C to H are given ID numbers corresponding to the diameters of the spheres C to H, respectively. The ID number assignment state is organized and described in the explanation frame of each of steps S14 to S16.

Next, in step S17, each I assigned in the previous step S13 is added to the reference data 101.
D number and center position data (X41, Y41, Z41 ...
X46, Y46, Z46) except the reference data 101
Delete the scanning data that was the basis of. In steps S18 and S19, each ID number and each center position (X51, Y51, Z5) given in the previous step S13.
1 to X53, Y53, Z53, and X61, Y6
1, Z61 to X63, Y63, Z63), vehicle body data (scan data 201 in this case) that is scanning data, and building member data (scan data 301 in this case) are also stored.

Next, in step S20, the ID numbers of the spheres C to H of the reference data 101 and the spheres C to H of the vehicle body data 201 and the building member data 301.
And the ID number of. For the same ID number, the center positions of the spheres C to H on the vehicle body W side and the building member W1 side and the vehicle body data are made to coincide with the center positions of the spheres C to H indicated by the ID numbers in the reference data 101. Coordinate conversion is performed on the scanning data 201 (including the scanning data 201) and the building member data (including the scanning data 301). By this coordinate conversion, the closed state of the door as the building member W1 is restored. In addition, it is possible to obtain the scanning data 201 on the vehicle body main body W side and the scanning data 301 of the building member W1 that face each other in the closed state of the building member W1 by coordinate conversion so as to face each other.

A concrete example of the coordinate conversion is described in the frame of step S20. FIG. 14 shows an image of coordinate conversion, and the reference data (each sphere C to C) shown in FIG.
Body body data (ID of each sphere F to H) shown in (B) with reference to 101 including the ID number and center position of H)
No., center position, and scanning data) and the building member data shown in (C) (I of each sphere C to E)
(D number, position data, and scan data) are subjected to coordinate conversion to obtain combined scanning data shown in (D). As shown in the image in FIG. 15, the composite scanning data includes the body-body-side scanning data 201 and the building member-side scanning data 3 that form the gap.
01 will be united. The image shown in FIG. 15 also includes the scanning data of the reference data 101.

Next, in step S21, a cut surface 401 is created. The cut surface 401 is determined when the index B is fixed to the body W of the vehicle body so as to match the section to be measured in advance. As the cut surface 401, for example, as shown in FIG. 16 (A) or (B), a common shape including both center coordinates of the spheres F and G on the vehicle body W side and including each center coordinate of the spheres F to H in common. It may be a plane orthogonal to the plane.

Next, in step S22, the body W of the vehicle body synthesized in step S20 by the cut surface 401.
Side and the building member W1 side synthetic scanning data is cut. That is, the cross-sectional portion of the composite scanning data that matches the cut surface 401 is extracted. This section data is
Two-dimensional data composed of the body body side data 201 on one side and the building member side data 301 on the other side is created. FIG. 17 shows the gap formed by the vehicle body W near the door lock and the door as the building member W1 by the above two-dimensional data. By analyzing this two-dimensional data, it is possible to determine how the gap is changing and whether it is within the allowable range.

By executing the above steps S4 to S22 for all the measurement parts (101 to 111),
It is possible to obtain two-dimensional data of the gaps of all the measurement sites with the indices A and B fixed.

As described above, the measuring method of the present invention is as shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, there are 5 steps. First, in the first step, which is an index mounting step, indexes A and B, which serve as a reference for data composition, are fixed to the vehicle body W and the building member W1 at the location where the clearance is to be measured. Next, as the second step, which is the reference measurement step, the building member W1 is closed and the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 photographs the indexes A and B that serve as the reference for synthesizing the scanning data. Memorize That is, the positions of the indexes A and B are specified. Next, as a third step, which is a shape measuring step, the building member W1 is left in an open state, and the shape of the opening surface of the vehicle body W is photographed together with the index B by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1, and these are measured. Remember the shape. Further, the shape of the back surface of the building member W1 is photographed together with the index A by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1, and these shapes are stored.

Then, as a fourth step which is a synthesis step,
The scanning data stored respectively is used as the index A of the first step,
By synthesizing based on B, a three-dimensional shape of the gap between the building member W1 and the vehicle body W is obtained.

Then, as a fifth step, the three-dimensional shape of the fourth step is broken by the cut surface 401, which is created based on the index B fixed to the vehicle body W side, to obtain two-dimensional data of the gap.

Therefore, the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 is arranged at an arbitrary position where it can be measured with respect to the building member W1 and the vehicle body W, the respective surface shapes are measured, and these shapes are combined to form the gap. Since the shape can be obtained, the work other than the measurement work such as separating the building member W1 from the vehicle body W as in the related art is unnecessary, the time required for the inspection process can be shortened, and the productivity can be improved. become able to.

Further, since it is not necessary to reattach the building member W1 to the vehicle body W after the measurement, accurate measurement can be performed without lowering the reliability of the measurement.

In each of the above-mentioned steps, any one of the second step as the reference measuring step and the third step as the shape measuring step may be performed first. For example, the second step may be performed after the third step, or may be performed simultaneously.

The following effects can be obtained in the present embodiment described above. That is, first,
A reference index is attached to each of the vehicle body W and the building member W1 by the first step as the index mounting step, and then both reference indexes on the vehicle body W side and the building member W1 side are provided by the second step as the reference measurement step. By measuring A and B with the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1, the positions of both reference indices A and B are specified,
And, the building member W1 is opened in the third step as the shape measuring step, and the shape of the front surface of the vehicle body body W side and the shape of the back surface of the building member W1 including the reference index A or B on each side are described. The respective shapes measured by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 are stored together with the reference index A or B, and then the respective shapes stored in the shape measuring step in the fourth step as the synthesizing step are stored in the reference measuring step. The positions of the specified reference indices A and B are combined to obtain the shape of the gap. For this reason,
As in the prior art, the work other than the measurement for separating the respective building members W1 becomes unnecessary, the time required for the inspection process can be shortened, and the productivity can be improved.

After the measurement, the building member W1 is attached to the body W of the vehicle body.
Since it does not need to be reattached to, accurate measurement can be performed without reducing reliability.

The positions of both reference indexes A and B on the vehicle body W side and the building member W1 side are specified, and the shape on each side including the reference indexes A or B on each side is measured and stored. Therefore, even complicated shapes can be easily edited by post-processing to measure the gap.

Since each reference index A and B comprises at least three spheres C to E and F to H, spheres C to E,
The center position of F to H can be measured from any position, and the center position coordinates of the three spheres C to E and F to H can be measured even if the measurement position by the three-dimensional measurement sensor 1 is arbitrarily set. The three-dimensional coordinates can be configured based on, and the coordinate conversion is easy.

The respective reference indexes C to E and F to H of the vehicle body W side and the building member W1 are the vehicle body outer side or the vehicle body W side or the building member with the building member W1 closed. They are located close to each other on the surface on either side of W1 and are arranged so as to be measurable together with the constituent surface of the gap on the side where the reference index A or B is attached with the building member W1 open. is doing. Therefore, even in the measurement from the rear surface side of the building member W1 or the vehicle body W forming the gap, the three spheres C to E, F are measured from arbitrary measurement positions.
The three-dimensional coordinates can be configured based on the center position coordinates of ~ H, and the coordinate conversion is easy.

The six spheres C to E and F to H, which serve as reference indices on the vehicle body W side and the building member W1 side, have different diameters from the measurement images of the second step and the third step. Every time one of the spheres C to H is extracted, I corresponding to the diameter is extracted.
Assign a D number. Therefore, it is possible to easily identify any of the same spheres C to H in the reference measurement step and the shape measurement step by the ID number during the synthesis in the fourth step,
The shape of the gap can be automatically obtained.

Reference indices C to E, F to H on either the body W side or the building member W1 are spheres C to E and F to H.
It is possible to generate plane coordinates by mutual positional relationship,
The obtained plane coordinates are fixed in conformity with the direction in which the cross section of the gap is to be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to automatically specify the cross-section cutting position of the shape of the gap obtained in the combining process. In addition, since the reference cross-sections A and B are fixed by predicting the cross-section cut surface in the index mounting step, the obtained two-dimensional data can be matched with the intended one.

The reference indices A and B of the vehicle body W side and the building member W1 are set as a set at a plurality of gap measurement points on the periphery of the building member W1, and the reference measurement is made at each gap measurement point. Since the shapes of the step and the shape measuring step are grouped and the shape of the gap at the gap measuring point is obtained in the combining step, it is possible to perform work stepwise from the index mounting step to the combining step.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a measuring device used in a gap measuring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a measurement procedure of the same.

FIG. 3 is an index (A) used in the measuring method of the present invention,
The perspective view which shows (B).

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing how to install the indexes (A) and (B).

5A and 5B show the first step of the measurement procedure in detail, FIG. 5A is an overall view, and FIG.

FIG. 6 is an overall view showing the second stage of the measurement procedure in detail.

7A and 7B are an overall view (A) and a plan view (B) showing in detail the measurement of the vehicle body of the third stage of the measurement procedure.

FIG. 8 is an overall view (A) and a plan view (B) showing in detail the measurement of the building member in the third stage of the measurement procedure.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the first stage of the measurement procedure.

FIG. 10 is a diagram (A) showing a state of measurement in the second stage of the measurement procedure and an image diagram (B) showing the obtained measurement result.

FIG. 11A is a diagram showing a state of measurement of the vehicle body in the third stage of the measurement procedure and FIG. 11B is an image diagram showing obtained measurement results.

FIG. 12 is a diagram (A) showing a state of measurement of a building member in the third stage of the measurement procedure and an image diagram (B) showing the obtained measurement result.

FIG. 13A is an initial flowchart of processing performed by the image processing apparatus.

FIG. 13B is a diagram of FIG. 13 implemented by the image processing apparatus.
The flowchart of the process following (A).

FIG. 13C is a diagram of FIG. 13 implemented by the image processing apparatus.
The flowchart of the process following (B).

FIG. 14 is an image diagram showing an image of coordinate conversion performed by the image processing device, divided into steps (A) to (D).

FIG. 15 is an image diagram of synthetic scanning data.

FIG. 16 is an image diagram showing a state in which a cross-section cut surface is generated, divided into (A) and (B).

FIG. 17 is two-dimensional data as an example of a gap formed between a vehicle body and a door as a building member.

FIG. 18 is a process drawing showing a measuring process in the measuring method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

A, B index (standard index) C-H sphere W body W1 building material 1 three-dimensional measurement sensor 2 Image storage means 3 Image processing means 5, 9 Fixing means (magnet) 6, 8 Indicator body 7, 10 Standard part

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A gap measuring method for measuring a gap around a building member in an automobile body in which a building member is openably and closably attached to an opening formed in the vehicle body, the building body and the building body The index mounting step of mounting the reference index on each member, and the position of the reference index by measuring both the reference index on the vehicle body side and the installation member side with the three-dimensional measurement sensor in the state where the building member is closed. With a reference measurement step to specify, the shape of the opening surface of the vehicle body and the shape of the periphery of the building member, including the reference index on each side, by the three-dimensional measurement sensor in the state where the building member is opened. A shape measurement step of measuring and storing each shape including a reference index, and a position of the reference index specified in the reference measurement step for each shape stored in the shape measurement step Clearance measuring method based synthesized, characterized and synthesized to obtain the shape of the gap, in that it consists of. 2. The gap measuring method according to claim 1, wherein each of the reference indexes on the vehicle body side and the building member side includes at least three spheres. 3. The reference indexes of the vehicle body side and the building member are the surfaces of the vehicle body outside or inside the vehicle body side on the vehicle body side or on the building member side with the building member closed. 2. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that they are located close to each other, and are positioned so as to be measurable together with the constituent surface of the gap on the side where the reference index is attached with the building member open. Item 3. The gap measuring method according to item 2. 4. Each of the six spheres as reference indices on the body side and the construction member side has a different diameter, and each time a sphere is extracted from the measurement images of the reference measurement process and the shape measurement process. The gap measuring method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an ID number corresponding to the diameter is given. 5. The reference index on either side of the vehicle body or the building member is capable of generating a plane coordinate based on a positional relationship between spheres, and the obtained plane coordinate attempts to obtain a cross section of a gap. The gap measuring method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the gap is fixed so as to match the direction. 6. The reference index between the body of the vehicle body and the building member is set as a set at a plurality of gap measurement points on the periphery of the building member, and the reference measurement step and the shape measurement are performed at each gap measurement point. The gap measuring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the shapes of the steps are grouped to obtain the shape of the gap at the gap measurement location in the combining step.