JP2003071412A - Garbage treatment apparatus and garbage treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a garbage treatment apparatus and a garbage treatment method capable of carrying out treatment in high water content condition in a treatment tank, sufficiently and evenly supplying air to every corner of the treatment tank, and breaking solid matter by applying sufficiently high squeezing pressure to garbage and emulsifying fats and oils. SOLUTION: Two blenders 20, 21 are arranged in parallel to each other in the inside of a treatment tank 11 while being made rotatable in opposed directions and the blenders 20, 21 comprise belt-like vertical blades attached spirally to rotary rods and each of the belt-like vertical blades is composed of two different types of belt-like vertical blades attached to each rotary rod with different arrangement distance from the center axis of each rotary rod as an outside belt-like vertical blade and an inside belt-like vertical blade, so that contents in the treatment tank 11 form circulating currents in the respective upper and lower portions of the rotary rods and the contents can be prevented from stagnation in the treatment tank 11 and stirred at a high stirring efficiency.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention is capable of efficiently decomposing raw garbage discharged as organic waste in food manufacturers, restaurants, caterers, food service centers, hotels, etc. by microorganisms to almost eliminate it. The present invention relates to a garbage processing device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a food waste processing apparatus for processing food waste discharged as organic waste in food manufacturers, restaurants, caterers, food service centers, hotels, etc. Aerobic microorganisms were implanted,
Wood chips, porous plastic particles, porous ceramic particles, and other chips are agitated with raw garbage to propagate aerobic microorganisms, and the garbage is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide by the enzyme of the microorganisms.

Most of the stirring means provided inside the processing tank of the conventional garbage disposal device are a stirring rod protruding from the rotary shaft or a blade directly provided on the rotary shaft, and the stirring efficiency is high. However, the efficiency of decomposition of food waste by microorganisms was not sufficient.

In the conventional garbage processing apparatus, the mixing ratio of the chips on which the microorganisms are implanted to the garbage is 1: 7-1.
Since the number of chips is about 2, and the chips are used in a large proportion, most of the chips are processed in a processing tank in a relatively dry state. By the way, in the treatment of raw garbage by aerobic microorganisms, the raw garbage is decomposed by the enzyme of aerobic microorganisms. The as-supplied state is preferred. However, in the above-mentioned conventional garbage treatment, since the use rate of the microorganism implantation chips is large and the amount of water in the treatment tank is small, it is not efficient to decompose the garbage by the enzymatic reaction of microorganisms. Moreover, since the use rate of the microorganism-implanting chips is high, the amount of raw garbage to be put into the treatment tank is relatively small, and the treatment of raw garbage is not efficient.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 8-84980 discloses a garbage treatment apparatus having a stirring device in which a vertical strip-shaped blade is provided in a spiral shape on a rotating shaft via a connecting vane plate. According to the garbage processing apparatus, the contents (garbage and fungus bed) in the apparatus are gathered from both side surfaces of the apparatus to the central part and rise, and then mixed so as to be dispersed on both side surfaces. In the garbage processing apparatus, air is not sufficiently taken in by stirring only the stirring blade, and an air jet nozzle must be separately provided. Further, in the food waste treatment device, since the clamping pressure applied to the food waste is not sufficient, the solid matter is not sufficiently crushed, so that the rice becomes dumpling-like,
Due to lack of oxygen supply, a bad odor is generated due to the generation of anaerobic microorganisms, and if sufficient clamping pressure is not applied to the garbage,
Since the oils and fats in the garbage are not sufficiently emulsified, that is, because the oils and fats are not emulsified in water, the decomposition action of microbial lipase does not work efficiently, and the oils and fats are solidified without being decomposed. There is an inconvenience that it will end up.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-301114 discloses that
Two spiral stirring blades directly protruding from the circumference of the rotary shaft are arranged in parallel so that the stirring blades of the stirring blades intrude into each other, and the spiral stirring blades are contained in the processing tank. There is shown an apparatus for disposing of garbage using a spiral stirring blade that is laterally reversed at the center so that can be conveyed from both side plates to the central part. According to the garbage processing apparatus, since the spiral stirring blade which reverses the winding direction in the center of the processing tank is provided, the contents (garbage and fungus bed) in the processing tank are fed from both sides of the plate. After being sent to the central portion, the contents are raised in the central portion and are circulated by being inverted to the side plate side.

When the contents are processed by the apparatus, the amount of air entrapped by the agitator having two rotating shafts is not yet satisfactory because the central portion is overly raised by the contents, and the agitation is not sufficient. Since the moving direction of the contents is simple, the stirring efficiency is not sufficient, and there is a problem that it is not sufficient to uniformly supply air to every corner of the processing tank. Further, in the device, cutting with a stirring blade,
Although crushing is mainly performed, it is difficult to say that the fermentation and decomposition of food waste is efficient because the cell contents such as crushing are not sufficiently destroyed and the leaching of cell contents is insufficient. Further, in the device, since kneading by clamping pressure is insufficient, emulsification of fats and oils in raw garbage becomes insufficient, that is, since fats and oils are not emulsified in water, decomposition action by microbial lipase is efficient. It does not work well and the fats and oils solidify without being decomposed.

[0008]

Therefore, according to the present invention, even when the amount of raw garbage in the treatment tank of the apparatus for treating garbage is relatively large with respect to the amount of microorganism-implantation chips, It is possible to perform processing in a state where there is a lot of water, and moreover, it is possible to supply air evenly and evenly to every corner of the processing tank, and to give sufficient clamping pressure to raw garbage. Providing a food waste treatment device that can crush solids such as rice and emulsify oils and fats, can efficiently decompose food waste containing these components, and can be made compact It is an object of the present invention to provide a garbage disposal method using the garbage disposal device.

[0009]

A garbage processing apparatus of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems includes the following (1) to
It has the feature point (6).

That is, the garbage disposal of the present invention comprises (1)
Stirrer blades on the rotating rod for enclosing air in the upper part and enclosing the air in the processing tank that can hold the contents consisting of raw garbage and microbial implantation chips in the lower part and stirring the contents. Two blenders attached to are rotatably arranged parallel to each other in opposite directions, and (2) the stirring blade is rotated at a certain distance from the central axis of the rotating rod via a connecting rod. It is a belt-shaped vertical blade attached to the rod by twisting it in a spiral shape. (3) The belt-shaped vertical blade has a donut shape in which the shape viewed from the central axis direction of the rotating rod is perpendicular to the rotating rod in one cycle of the spiral. And the surfaces in contact with the contents are all at different angles, and (4) when the blender rotates, move the contents in the processing tank from the center position of the rotating rod to both end positions of the rotating rod, or the rotating rod. Of the rotating rod from both ends of To the central position, the spiral directions of the strip-shaped vertical blades on the left and right of the central position of the rotating rod are arranged in reverse so that the contents are moved in opposite directions to each other about the central position of the rotating rod. 5) The belt-shaped vertical blade is one in which two types of belt-shaped vertical blades having different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotating rod are arranged on the rotating rod as an outer belt-shaped vertical blade and an inner belt-shaped vertical blade,
(6) When the blender rotates, the strip-shaped vertical blades and the strip-shaped vertical blades move in opposite directions at the same position of the rotary rod so that the moving directions of the contents are opposite to each other. It is characterized in that the spiral of the vertical blades is reversed.

By adopting the above-mentioned configuration, the apparatus for treating garbage according to the present invention, while operating after the introduction of garbage, vigorously kneads the contents while mixing them, thereby causing the contents to deviate, That is, a shearing force can be generated to destroy (crush) an original shape at the cell level, and the cells can be destroyed to exude the cell contents to efficiently ferment and decompose.

More specifically, in the garbage disposal of the present invention, the strip-shaped vertical blades on the outside of the rotating blender stir the contents from the both ends of the rotating rod to the central position of the rotating rod to move the contents of the blender. The inner vertical strip blade stirs the contents from the central position of the rotary rod to both end positions of the rotary rod. FIG. 5 shows the movement of the contents in the processing tank in a schematic diagram with arrows. Reference numeral 101 represents a rotary rod of a blender, and 102 represents an upper space into which air in the processing tank is introduced. As shown in FIG. 5, the outer strip vertical blades rotate to move the contents from both ends of the rotary rod to the center position of the rotary rod, and the inner strip vertical blades rotate to move the contents from the central position of the rotary rod to both end positions of the rotary rod. By arranging the orientation of the spiral to move the contents to
The content in the processing tank forms a circulating flow at each of the upper and lower portions of the rotary rod 101, so that the content does not remain in the processing tank and the stirring efficiency is good.

Further, since the two blenders arranged in parallel rotate in opposite directions so as to embrace the air, the air is positively introduced into the contents, and the taken air is stored in the processing tank. It is evenly distributed to every corner of the contents and actively grows aerobic microorganisms in the contents. Moreover, at the same time, the two blenders are rotating so as to apply pressure to the contents in opposite directions, so the solid matter in the raw garbage that has been subjected to the pressure is ground, and the rice is It is crushed without forming a dumpling, and is kneaded with water to become thick, and fats and oils are sufficiently kneaded with water to form an emulsion and become a form that is easily decomposed by aerobic microorganisms. The decomposition of oils and fats is accelerated.

In the present invention, the belt-shaped vertical blade means a belt-shaped blade which is spirally mounted via a connecting rod while maintaining a constant space from the rotating rod.

According to the method for treating food waste of the present invention, the above-mentioned food waste treatment device is provided with food waste: a chip for implanting microorganisms from 1: 1 to 1.
5, preferably 1: 1 to 4 are added to operate. Conventionally, the mixing ratio of the chips on which the microorganisms are implanted to the garbage is about 1: 7 to 12, and the method of treating the garbage while stirring the contents in a dry state has been the main method. In that case, the amount of garbage input is large relative to the chips for implanting microorganisms. That is, since the garbage is treated by inputting the ratio of raw garbage: chips for implanting microorganisms in the above range, the contents during operation of the garbage treating apparatus are in a state of excessive water content of microbial and enzyme of microorganisms. The environment is optimal for the reaction. Moreover, in the conventional garbage processing apparatus, it was difficult to supply oxygen to every corner of the processing tank, especially for contents with a large amount of water, and to uniformly supply oxygen to the contents. By adopting the above configuration, the garbage disposal of the present invention can positively supply oxygen to every corner of the processing tank and uniformly supply oxygen to the contents. : It is possible to operate the garbage treatment device with the ratio of microbial implantation chips.

Therefore, in the garbage disposal of the present invention, the amount of microbial implantation chips used is smaller than that of the conventional one, and the contents in the treatment tank are not dry and dry. Therefore, since the bulk density is high and the volume does not occupy, the garbage processing device of the present invention can be made compact.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a processing tank main body of one of the garbage disposals according to the embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing the garbage disposal of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a garbage of the present invention. It is a front view of a processing apparatus. FIG. 4 shows a blender arranged in the processing tank of the garbage processing apparatus of the present invention.

In the kitchen refuse processing apparatus of the present invention shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 11 is a processing tank, which is opened at the top of the processing tank 11 only when the kitchen garbage is loaded and is closed during normal operation of the apparatus. An input port 12 is provided for inputting raw garbage, aerobic microorganisms and chips. The input port 12 has a sealing structure that maintains the confidentiality. An air supply port 13 for supplying the air necessary for growth and reproduction of aerobic microorganisms to the inside of the treatment tank 11 is provided in the upper portion of the treatment tank 11, and raw garbage is further treated in the treatment tank. Exhaust port 1 for discharging carbon dioxide and water vapor generated by
4 is provided, and further, water supply ports 15 and 16 for adjusting the water content in the treatment tank 11 are provided.

The cross section of the lower part of the processing tank 11 is a double semicircular shape, and the lower part of the two blenders 20 and 21 is arranged so that the two blenders 20 and 21 described in detail later are arranged. It has a similar shape to the outer circumference. A rubber heater 17 for heating the inside of the processing tank 11 is provided at a lower portion of the processing tank 11. When the rubber heater 17 starts operation,
It is possible to heat to the optimum growth temperature of aerobic microorganisms when throwing in garbage or during winter operation. An outlet 18 is provided below the long side surface of the processing tank 11 to take out processing residues in the processing tank 11.

The processing tank 11 is installed on a frame 22,
A motor 23 is provided below the processing tank 11, and the motor 23 is provided with two blenders 2 via a rotation transmission member 24.
0 and 21 are rotated in the opposite directions so as to hold air.

In the raw garbage processing apparatus having the above-mentioned structure, a crusher may be provided upstream of the charging port 12 of the processing tank 11 if necessary, and a deodorizing device and a dehumidifying device may be provided downstream of the exhaust port 14. Good. In order to automatically control the temperature in the processing tank 11, a temperature detection terminal (not shown) is arranged at an appropriate position in the processing tank 11, and based on the temperature detected by the temperature detection terminal, the 3 for breeding aerial microorganisms
The switch of the rubber heater 17 may be turned on so that the temperature becomes an appropriate temperature of 0 to 45 ° C.

The microorganism-implanting chips to be put into the raw garbage treating apparatus of the present invention may be those used in a normal garbage treating apparatus. For example, hardwood dried wood pieces, cork pieces, and porous plastic pieces. , Porous ceramic pieces and the like can be used.

FIG. 4 shows an example of one blender 20 out of the two blenders arranged so as to penetrate the processing tank of the garbage disposal of the present invention. The blender 20 includes a connecting rod 32-1 spaced apart from the central axis of the rotary rod 31 by a connecting rod 32-1.
32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5, 32-6,
The belt-shaped vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2 are attached to the rotating rod 31 by twisting in a spiral manner via 32-7, 32-8, 32-9. , And each connecting rod 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32
-4, 32-5, 32-6, 32-7, 32-8, 32
-9 is provided at intervals of one turn in the longitudinal direction of the rotary rod 31 and at intervals of 90 ° in the circumferential direction of the rotary rod 31. Connecting rods 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-of the strip-shaped vertical blades 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2.
Regarding the mounting direction of 5, 32-6, 32-7, 32-8, 32-9, the blade surface is mounted so as to be perpendicular to the central axis of the rotating rod 31.

Vertical strip blades 33-1, 33-2, 3
4-1 and 34-2 are two types of vertical belt-shaped blades 33-1 and 33- with different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotary rod 31.
2, 34-1, 34-2, that is, the outer belt-shaped vertical blades 33-1, 33-2 having a large diameter and the inner belt-shaped vertical blades 34-1, 34-2 having a small diameter are arranged.

FIGS. 6A, 6A, 6B and 6C show the shape of each strip vertical blade viewed from the central axis direction of the rotating rod 31 in one cycle (360 °) of the spiral of the strip vertical blade. The surface of the vertical blade looks like a donut. FIG. 6A is a surface seen from the front of a strip-shaped vertical blade, A ′.
Shows the surface seen from the back of A, and it looks like a donut with a diameter L _A. FIG. 6B is a surface seen from the front of the strip-shaped vertical blade,
B'shows the surface seen from the back of B, and it looks like a donut with a diameter L _B.

FIG. 7 shows a plane of the blender, and shows the front and back surfaces of the strip-shaped vertical blade in one cycle (360 °) of the spiral. 6 and 7, a1, a
2, a3 and a4 represent each structural unit on the front surface of the strip-shaped vertical blade, a1 ', a2', a3 'and a4' represent each structural unit on the back surface of the strip-shaped vertical blade, and b1 and b
2, b3, and b4 represent the respective structural units on the front surface of the small strip-shaped vertical blade, and b1 ′, b2 ′, b3 ′, and b4 ′ represent the respective structural units on the back surface of the small strip-shaped vertical blade.

Example of Operation of Garbage Disposal Apparatus Using the garbage disposer shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the garbage disposal was carried out by the following process.

1) 150 liters of chips for implanting microorganisms (dried wood pieces of hardwood:
(Bulk density 0.3 kg / liter) is charged from the inlet 12, and 1 kg of Bacillus subtilis New BNB-40 (trade name, manufactured by Meiji Seika Co., Ltd.) as an aerobic microorganism is dissolved in water at 40 ° C. Then, water is supplied from the water supply ports 15 and 16 so that the water content of the microorganism implantation chip is about 30 to 40% (fully moistened state), and the temperature in the treatment tank 11 is set to 40 ° C. The temperature of the rubber heater 17 was turned on until the temperature increased. At this time, the switches of the exhaust blower (not shown) and the intake blower (not shown) were turned on to perform exhaust from the exhaust port 14 and intake from the air supply port 13.

2) 50 liters (50 kg) of garbage was charged at one time. The breakdown of the garbage thrown in is 15k of rice
g, side meal 25 kg, raw fish cooking residue 5 kg, vegetable waste 5
It was kg. The ratio of the input amount of the raw garbage and the microbial implantation chip was 1: 3 for the trash: microbial implantation chip.
(Volume ratio).

3) By rotating the two blenders 20 and 21 in opposite rotations so as to hold air,
The contents in the treatment tank 11 were stirred, and became uniform within 2 to 3 minutes from the start of the treatment, but stirring was continued for 10 minutes, and then a stirring stop period was provided for 20 minutes, and this cycle was automatically repeated.

4) Two hours after the operation was continued, the fish head was crushed and could not be seen, and the water content rapidly increased and became a bitchy condition. At this time, the contents turned brown due to the Maillard reaction.

5) After 6 hours of continuous operation, the particles of rice disappeared, the inside was muddy and there was no odor at the time of addition, and there was no bad odor at all.

6) After 8 hours of continuous operation, the muddy state inside further advanced, there was no bad odor, and the content was reduced by 10 kg compared to the beginning of operation. This decrease is due to the exhaust of carbon dioxide and water vapor from the exhaust port.

7) After 18 hours of continuous operation, the internal temperature was muddy, but the internal temperature rose rapidly from 40 ° C to 48 ° C. This is because the substrate on which the microbial enzyme acts has disappeared and the substrate reaction has been completed
This is because TP was oxidized and burned, and the temperature rose sharply.

8) After 20 hours of continuous operation, the inside is automatically switched to the dry mode, and the intermittent stirring which has been intermittent until now is switched to the continuous stirring. At the same time, the exhaust blower is powered up,
The water was actively removed.

9) After 23 hours of continuous operation, the humidity of the contents decreased by about 20 to 30%. At this time, the content weighed 50 kg at the beginning, but now weighs 45 kg,
The above also decreased.

10) Next, 50 kg of garbage of the next lot was put into the garbage treating apparatus.

[0038]

According to the apparatus for treating garbage according to the present invention, two blenders having a stirring blade attached to a rotary rod are rotated in parallel in opposite directions, so that the contents are mixed with each other with vigorous kneading. Sufficient pinching pressure can be applied to an object, causing a shift in the content at that time, that is, a shearing force, and destroying (crushing) an original shape at the cell level. Therefore, the cells can be destroyed and the cell contents can be exuded to efficiently ferment and decompose. Therefore, in order to promote the crushing of solids such as rice and the emulsification of oils and fats, which has been difficult in the past,
The garbage can be efficiently decomposed into a form in which aerobic microorganisms can be easily used.

According to the apparatus for treating food waste of the present invention, oxygen is positively introduced into the contents in the treatment tank and uniform stirring is possible, so that oxygen is evenly distributed to every corner of the contents in the treatment tank. Therefore, since the decomposition of raw garbage by the aerobic microorganisms is promoted and the generation of anaerobic microorganisms is suppressed, no odor is generated.

In the apparatus for treating garbage according to the present invention, the amount of microbial implantation chips used is smaller than that of the conventional one,
Moreover, since the contents in the treatment tank are not dry and are in a state of excessive water content, the contents do not have a high bulk density and do not take a volume, so that the garbage disposal device of the present invention is compact.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a processing tank main body of one food waste processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the garbage processing device of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the garbage processing device showing the garbage processing device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a blender arranged in the processing tank of the garbage disposal of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a movement state of contents in a processing tank.

[Fig. 6] One cycle of a spiral of a belt-shaped vertical blade (360 °)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the shape of a strip-shaped vertical blade viewed from the direction of the central axis of the rotating rod in FIG. A is the front surface of the large belt-like vertical blade, A'is the back surface of A, B is the front surface of the small belt-like vertical blade, and B'is the back surface of B.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of the blender, showing one cycle of the spiral (3
The front and back surfaces of the belt-shaped vertical blade at 60 ° are shown.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 Processing Tank 12 Input Port 13 Air Supply Port 14 Exhaust Ports 15 and 16 Water Supply Port 17 Rubber Heater 18 Extraction Ports 20 and 21 Blender 22 Frame 23 Motor 24 Rotation Conductive Member 31, 41, 101 Rotation Rod 32-1, 32- 2, 32-3, 32-4, 32-5,
32-6, 32-7, 32-8, 32-9, 42-1,
42-2, 42-3, 42-4, 42-5 Connecting rods 33-1, 33-2, 34-1, 34-2 Belt-shaped vertical blade 102 Upper space

   ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4D004 AA03 AB01 AB02 CA04 CA15                       CA19 CA22 CA48 CB04 CB13                       CB28 CB32 CC02 CC03 CC07                       CC08                 4G078 AA02 AB20 BA01 DA14

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A process tank capable of containing air in the upper portion and containing the contents consisting of raw garbage and microbial implantation chips in the lower portion, wrapping the air in the treatment tank, and pinching the contents to stir. Two blenders each having a stirring blade attached to a rotating rod for rotation are arranged in parallel so as to be rotatable in mutually opposite directions. , A belt-shaped vertical blade spirally attached to the rotating rod through a connecting rod in a spiral shape, and (3) the belt-shaped vertical blade, in one cycle of the spiral,
The shape of the rotating rod viewed from the central axis direction is a donut shape perpendicular to the rotating rod, and the surfaces in contact with the contents are all at different angles. (4) When the blender rotates, the contents in the processing tank To move the contents from the center position of the rotary rod to both end positions of the rotary rod, or from both end positions of the rotary rod to the center position of the rotary rod in opposite directions to each other about the center position of the rotary rod. The spiral directions of the strip-shaped vertical blades on the left and right of the center position of the rotating rod are arranged in the opposite directions. (5) The strip-shaped vertical blades are two types of strip-shaped vertical blades having different arrangement distances from the central axis of the rotating rod. Are arranged on the rotating rod as an outer belt-shaped vertical blade and an inner belt-shaped vertical blade. (6) When the blender rotates, the content of the outer belt-shaped vertical blades at the same position of the rotating rod. The moving direction of, as the moving direction of the contents according to the inner strip perpendicular blades are opposite, garbage disposal, characterized in that the direction of the helix of each other strip vertical blades are reversed. 2. The outer strip vertical blade moves the contents from both end positions of the rotary rod to the central position of the rotary rod by rotation, and the inner vertical strip blade rotates from the central position of the rotary rod to both ends of the rotary rod. The garbage disposal according to claim 1, wherein the spiral direction of each strip-shaped vertical blade is arranged so as to move the contents to the position. 3. The garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the lower portion of the treatment tank is a double semicircle shape similar to the outer periphery of the lower portion of the blender. 4. A method for treating raw garbage, which comprises charging raw garbage and chips for implanting microorganisms into the apparatus for treating garbage according to claim 1, 2 or 3 at a ratio of 1: 1 to 5.