JP2003026491A - Method of manufacturing odorless organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively, efficiently and stably manufacture an organic fertilizer of high quality by utilizing organic wastes. SOLUTION: A carbide 5 is used as a moisture control material for the organic waste 1 which are the raw materials for the organic fertilizer, by which the high-quality odorless organic fertilizer (fully matured organic fertilizer) 10 having good stability can be obtained. A portion of the carbide obtained by subjecting the organic wastes 1 to predrying in carbonizing equipment 4, then carbonizing the same at about 600 to 1,000 deg.C is utilized for the carbide described above, by which the reutilization of the wastes is made more effective.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to livestock waste including straw and manure of livestock, which is currently taken up as a social environmental problem, marine waste discarded from fish processing plants, straw, rice husks, and sawdust. Effective treatment of organic waste including agricultural and forestry waste such as brewing waste, brewing waste such as sake lees and moromi, coffee dregs, tea leaves, okara, oil dregs, and household waste such as food waste including food residues discarded from homes It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as organic fertilizer, a compost which is naturally fermented and decomposed by stacking litter and dead grass with livestock excrement adhered to is used, but the water content is not sufficiently adjusted at that time. In order to adjust the water content, straw, rice husks, buckwheat husks, etc. were added during the fermentation and cut back to adjust the water content.
In recent years, there is a shortage of such straws and rice husks, and there is no choice but to crush large sawdust, wood chips, hay and corrugated cardboard for use as a moisture conditioner, and these operations require considerable effort and time. Therefore, there is an increasing tendency to rely on the use of chemical fertilizers, which has the effect of eliminating labor shortages in agriculture and forestry. However, the use of chemical fertilizers has led to the soil becoming thin and the quality of crops being degraded, and even the problem of pollution has been addressed, and the use of organic fertilizers has been recommended again.

Therefore, under the guidance of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, it is now obligatory to display "organic", "special" and "general" when selling vegetables, and which fertilizer is used. It's becoming apparent to consumers. Here, "organic" mainly uses organic fertilizers for fertilization, and "special" specifically uses only organic fertilizers. What is indicated as "general" means that normal chemical fertilizer was used for fertilization.

Since such labeling is obligatory, consumers tend to select "organic" or "special" labeled products, and the consumption of vegetables and fruits using those organic fertilizers increases sharply. For farmers, low price and high quality organic fertilizers are required. In the conventional production of organic fertilizer, livestock waste and some of the domestic waste were recycled as resources by mixing livestock manure and food waste into the compost as described above, but it is difficult to adjust the water content. However, it was not possible to efficiently produce good quality organic fertilizer in large quantities. For moisture adjustment up to now, it is possible to produce high-quality organic fertilizer to some extent by purchasing and applying a special moisture adjuster, but it requires about half the amount of the moisture adjuster produced in volume. Therefore, the current situation is that it is expensive and cannot meet the demands of the times.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to produce inexpensive, efficient, stable and high-quality organic fertilizer by utilizing organic waste.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a high quality odorless organic fertilizer is obtained by using a carbide as a water content adjusting agent for organic waste which is a raw material of organic fertilizer. That you can get,
The charcoal is one in which the reuse of the waste is made more effective by utilizing a part of the charcoal obtained by drying and carbonizing the organic waste.

In the manufacturing process of organic fertilizer,
First, a part of the above-mentioned various organic wastes, from which surface water has been removed, is pre-dried, and the resulting carbonized product is mixed with the organic wastes that are the raw materials for organic fertilizers. Adjust the water content. As organic waste to be used, various kinds of waste such as livestock waste, marine waste, agriculture and forestry waste, brewing waste, domestic waste can be used, but especially the waste used as a moisture conditioner is dried. Considering efficiency, water absorption, and applicability as a bed of microorganisms as fermenting bacteria, some livestock waste such as litter and agricultural and forestry waste such as straw, rice husk or sawdust, and wood chips should be used. Is efficient. It should be noted that the carbide used as the water content adjusting material does not necessarily have to be the carbide generated from the organic waste, and if the circumstances permit, the charcoal such as charcoal obtained by other means can be used.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the manufacturing process drawing shown in FIG.

Reference numeral 1 is an organic waste as a raw material including the above-mentioned various industrial wastes and domestic wastes, and a mechanical dewatering device 2 removes water droplets adhering to the surface of the material. This dewatering device may be, for example, a device that removes water droplets on the surface of the waste by using a mesh-type filtering device or a screen-type mechanical dewatering device. The organic waste 1 from which water droplets on the surface have been removed is sent to the preliminary drying device 3, where it is dried to a water content of about 60% or less by a hot air drying furnace and sent to the carbonizing device 4. In the carbonization device 4, the high-temperature dry steam 3a generated in the hot air drying furnace at the time of preliminary drying is fed, and is secondarily burned in the carbonization furnace to generate the organic waste 1
Are carbonized in the range of about 600 ° C to 1000 ° C. This time,
The residual heat 4a generated from the carbonization furnace of the carbonization device 4 is reduced to the preliminary drying device 3 and is used again as a heat source for drying the preliminary drying device 3 to form a dry carbonization cycle of highly efficient organic waste.

A part of the carbide 5 produced from the organic waste carbonized in the carbonization device 4 is sent to the water content adjusting step 6 as a water content adjusting material and is introduced into the mixing device together with the raw material 1 of the organic waste material. As an organic fertilizer, the water content is adjusted to be suitable for the first fermentation. Moisture adjustment generally differs depending on the type of fermenting bacteria used and the amount of organic waste used in one lot, and delicate adjustment is required, but by using the charcoal produced from organic waste Due to the porous characteristics of the charcoal-based material, the range of application of the moisture conditioner is widened, so that stable quality can always be guaranteed easily.

The water content adjustment work is usually carried out in a fermentation yard in many cases, but here, the organic waste whose water content has been adjusted is transferred to the first fermentation yard, and a plurality of cut-back and deposition operations are repeated. If necessary, fermenting bacteria are added and the first fermentation step 7 proceeds. In this primary fermentation process, 3 ~
Cut and deposit every 4 days for about 15 to 20
The fermentation temperature reaches 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. in a day, and the first fermentation process is finished when the temperature becomes stable. Normally, a bad odor, which can be said to be a rotting odor of raw materials that are organic wastes, continued until the end of the first fermentation process, and the bad odor finally subsided near the end of the first fermentation process. By using the charcoal-based material, almost no malodor was observed from the initial stage of the first fermentation process.

When the fermentation temperature is stable and the first fermentation process is completed, the second fermentation process 8 of organic waste, which repeats cutting and depositing once every 4 to 5 days, enters the second fermentation process 8 and takes about 2 months. When the color of the raw material changes from brown to black, most bacteria and pathogens in the fermenting raw material die. When the fermentation decomposition of the organic matter further progresses, the temperature of the fermented and decomposed raw materials gradually starts to decrease, and this point is used as an indication of the end of the second fermentation step 8.

The organic waste after the second fermentation step is
The fully-ripened organic fertilizer 10 is completed through the fertilizer-ripening step 9 in which the fertilizer is moved to the aging yard and ripened until the temperature falls to room temperature.
Therefore, about 3 from the first fermentation step 7 of organic waste.
A completely odorless, fully-ripened organic fertilizer 10 is completed in a month.

[0014]

Industrial Applicability As described above, the present invention utilizes the porous activated carbon effect of charcoal as a moisture conditioner for organic fertilizers made from organic waste as a raw material. The water content of the product can be easily adjusted, and it also has the effect of absorbing the spoilage odor generated from manure and food residues, which are organic wastes, and deodorizing it. It prevents and recycles organic waste in a clean environment. Moreover, since a part of the organic waste, which is a raw material, is carbonized and used as a moisture adjusting material, it is possible to self-produce the carbide as a moisture adjusting material by recycling in the manufacturing process of the organic fertilizer. You can do it. The odorless organic fertilizer produced by the present invention is fermented and decomposed by using a high-temperature fermenting bacterium, so that an organic fertilizer having a property close to that of mulch can be obtained by organically depositing and fermenting organic matter. It can be used as a clean organic fertilizer that will not cause any discomfort to consumers. Further, since this organic fertilizer has not only a single effect as a fertilizer but also a deodorizing and adsorbing effect as an activated carbon effect, it can be considered to be useful as a soil improver or a snow melting agent. Further, in the process of producing this organic fertilizer, there is a step of producing the above-mentioned carbide, but the carbide produced there is not only the use of the water content adjusting material, but the use of the carbide alone is also possible. There is a great utility value for the activated carbon effect.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a drawing explaining the manufacturing process of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ... Organic waste 2 ... Dehydration device 3 ... Preliminary drying device 4 ... Carbonization device 5 ... Carbonization product 6 ... Moisture adjustment process 7 ... First fermentation process 8 ...・ Second fermentation process 9 ・ ・ ・ Fertilizer ripening process 10 ・ ・ ・ Ripe organic fertilizer

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing an odorless organic fertilizer, which comprises using a carbide as a moisture adjusting material for organic waste. 2. The method for producing an odorless organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein a part of the charcoal obtained by drying and carbonizing the organic waste is used as the charcoal-based material used as the water content adjusting material. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that livestock waste, fishery waste, agricultural and forestry waste, brewing waste, domestic waste, or any of those wastes is used as the organic waste. 2. The method for producing an odorless organic fertilizer according to 2. 4. Carbide used as a water content adjusting material is 60
The method for producing an odorless organic fertilizer according to claim 1, which is a charcoal-based material which is carbonized by heating at 0 ° C to 1000 ° C.