JP2002196336A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal display device manufactured in a simplified manufacturing process and having different alignment sections in a pixel. SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display device is provided with a first substrate 1 having a pixel electrode 2 formed thereon, a second substrate 8 having a counter electrode 7 formed thereon, alignment layers 4 and 6 layered on the both substrates 1 and 8, respectively, and having a vertical alignment property and a liquid crystal layer 5 encapsulated between the substrates 1 and 8 and having negative dielectric anisotropy. A line shaped protrusion 3 is formed on the pixel electrode 2 and the alignment layer 6 on the second substrate 8 side is subjected to rubbing treatment in the direction nearly parallel to the protrusion 3 after irradiated with non-polarized UV.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device having a wide viewing angle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Liquid crystal display devices are characterized by being thin and lightweight, and are widely used from portable terminals to large televisions. In particular, when used for a television or the like, a wide viewing angle is required. For example, a device in which one pixel is divided into a plurality of regions and different orientation sections are formed for each region to improve the viewing angle has been proposed. Such a liquid crystal display device is disclosed in
No. 61825. This means that a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is sandwiched between a pair of substrates provided with a vertical alignment film. When no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged perpendicular to the substrate, and when a voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are inclined in two or more different inclination directions within one pixel. 1
An alignment process in a case where a pixel is divided into two regions and the alignment directions are opposite to each other will be described below. First, a first alignment treatment is performed on a vertically oriented alignment film by a rubbing method. The orientation direction at this time is the orientation direction of the first region. Next, a resist film is patterned on the alignment film. In this method, for example, a positive resist is applied on the entire surface by spin coating, and exposure and development are performed to form a resist pattern in the first region. Then, a second alignment process is performed by a rubbing method, and an alignment process is performed on the alignment film surface in the second region where no resist pattern exists. Since the direction of the second region is opposite to the direction of the orientation of the first region, the second alignment is rubbed in a direction 180 degrees different from the direction of the first alignment. After the alignment treatment, cleaning is performed which also serves as resist removal.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned method, since the rubbing treatments in the different directions are performed twice on the second regions, it is difficult to obtain a uniform alignment state, and the productivity is not good. Further, in the rubbing treatment, since the alignment film is rubbed with a cloth such as rayon, there is a problem that dust is generated in a clean room or static electricity is generated and TFTs of an active matrix are destroyed.

Accordingly, the present invention has simplified the manufacturing process and
An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having different alignment sections in a pixel.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a first substrate having a pixel electrode formed for each pixel, a second substrate having a counter electrode formed thereon, and An alignment film having a stacked vertical alignment and a liquid crystal layer having a negative dielectric anisotropy sealed between substrates are provided, and one of the substrates has a linear shape corresponding to each pixel. A projection or a slit is formed, and the alignment film of the other substrate is subjected to irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light and horizontal alignment processing in a direction substantially parallel to the projection or the slit.

A liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between a substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed and a substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, and an alignment film having vertical alignment is laminated on both substrates. In a liquid crystal display device, each pixel is divided into a plurality of regions,
In each area, the alignment film of one substrate is subjected to irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light and horizontal alignment treatment, the alignment film of the other substrate is subjected to horizontal alignment treatment, and irradiation treatment of non-polarized ultraviolet light is performed when voltage is applied. The tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated by the alignment film which is not provided, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the adjacent region is different.

A first substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed for each pixel; a second substrate on which a counter electrode is formed; an alignment film having vertical alignment laminated on the two substrates; A liquid crystal layer having a negative dielectric anisotropy encapsulated therebetween, and a linear projection or slit is formed on one of the substrates corresponding to each pixel, and an alignment film on the other substrate is provided. Are characterized by being subjected to a process of irradiating linearly polarized ultraviolet light a plurality of times while shifting the amplitude direction thereof, and a horizontal alignment process in a direction substantially parallel to the projection or the slit.

Further, a liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between a substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed and a substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, and an alignment film having vertical alignment is laminated on both substrates. In a liquid crystal display device, each pixel is divided into a plurality of regions,
In each region, the alignment film of one substrate is subjected to a process of irradiating linearly polarized ultraviolet light a plurality of times while shifting its amplitude direction and a horizontal alignment process, and the alignment film of the other substrate is subjected to a horizontal alignment process. The orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated by the alignment film that has not been subjected to the irradiation treatment with the linearly polarized ultraviolet rays, and the inclination direction is different from that of the liquid crystal molecules in an adjacent region.

In this manner, a liquid crystal display device in which one pixel is divided into a plurality of regions and the viewing direction is improved by making the tilt direction of liquid crystal molecules different in each region can be realized by one rubbing process for one substrate. , The yield can be improved.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section of a liquid crystal display device. FIG. 1 (a) shows an arrangement state of liquid crystal when no voltage is applied, and FIG.

Reference numeral 1 denotes an array substrate on which, for example, a pixel electrode 2 and a TFT as a switching element are formed in a matrix on a glass substrate in correspondence with each pixel. A scanning line is connected to the gate electrode of the TFT, a signal line is connected to the source electrode, and a pixel electrode 2 is connected to the drain electrode. A gate signal is supplied to the scanning line to turn on the TFT, and a video signal is transmitted to the source electrode. Supply via signal line. At this time, a voltage corresponding to the video signal is applied to the pixel electrode 2, and the voltage application state is maintained on the pixel electrode 2 by the storage capacitor even when the TFT is turned off. A linear projection 3 is formed on the pixel electrode 2, and the projection 3 regulates the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 when a voltage is applied. The projection 3 passes through the central portion of the pixel electrode 2 and is arranged in parallel with the long side of the pixel electrode 2 which is substantially rectangular, and divides the pixel electrode 2 into two regions (A, B) substantially evenly. By dividing one pixel substantially evenly, a uniform viewing angle can be compensated. An alignment film 4 to be described later is laminated on the pixel electrode 2 and the projection 3.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a color filter substrate (hereinafter, referred to as a CF substrate) arranged to face the array substrate 1. For example, a color filter is formed for each pixel on a glass substrate. The counter electrode 7 is formed on the CF substrate 8 and generates an electric field between the CF electrode 8 and the pixel electrode 2 when a voltage is applied. On the counter electrode 7, an orientation film 6 described later is laminated.

A seal material is applied to the periphery of the display area on the array substrate 1, and spacers are scattered over the display area. The CF substrate 8 is arranged to face the array substrate 1 so as to face the array substrate 1, the sealing material is cured, and the array substrate 1 and the CF substrate 8 are bonded together with a space corresponding to the size of the spacer. Liquid crystal is injected between the array substrate 1 and the CF substrate 8 from the injection port, and the injection port is closed to form a liquid crystal cell. The liquid crystal 5 has a negative dielectric anisotropy and has a chiral material added thereto. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal molecules 5 are twisted clockwise with respect to the direction from the array substrate 1 to the CF substrate 8 when viewed from the normal direction of the substrates 1 and 8 by the chiral material.

Next, the alignment treatment of the alignment films 4 and 6 will be described. The alignment film 4 has a vertical alignment, and the alignment film 6 has a vertical alignment and a horizontal alignment. That is, an alignment film having vertical alignment is used as the alignment film 4 as it is, and an alignment film having vertical alignment is subjected to horizontal alignment processing as the alignment film 6. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the orientation direction of the alignment film 6, and FIG.
FIG. 2 corresponds to one pixel when viewed from the normal direction of the CF substrate 8. The left side divided by the protrusion 3 corresponds to the area A, and the right side corresponds to the area B. FIG. 3 shows the alignment film 6 as viewed from the arrow a in FIG. After laminating the alignment film 6 having a vertical alignment property on the CF substrate 8, the alignment film 6 is irradiated with non-polarized ultraviolet light from the normal direction of the CF substrate 8 as shown in FIG. Irradiation of non-polarized ultraviolet light can reduce the tilt angle during horizontal alignment. For example, when polarized ultraviolet light is irradiated obliquely with respect to the normal direction of the substrate 8, only the main chain and sub-chain of the alignment film 6 which are in the same direction as the polarization direction are cut, and an alignment direction is generated in one direction. However, in the present invention, in order to reduce the tilt angle as a whole when the liquid crystal molecules 5 are horizontally aligned, non-polarized ultraviolet rays are irradiated from the vertical direction on the surface of the alignment film 6. 1 and 3, the hatched portion of the alignment film 6 indicates a portion irradiated with non-polarized ultraviolet light. After that, a rubbing process is performed on the alignment film 6 as shown in FIG. The rubbing direction is set in a direction parallel to the projection 3 as shown in FIG.

When no voltage is applied, as shown in FIG. 1A, the liquid crystal molecules 5 are vertically aligned on the surfaces of the alignment films 4 and 6 due to the influence of the vertical alignment of the alignment films 4 and 6, and 1,
The liquid crystal molecules 5 between 8 are also vertically arranged along the normal direction of the substrates 1 and 8. At this time, only the liquid crystal molecules 5 located in the vicinity of the projections 3 are arranged perpendicular to the surface of the projections 3.
8 are arranged obliquely to the normal direction. When a voltage is applied, an electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 2 and the counter electrode 7,
The liquid crystal molecules 5 tilt in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the electric field. At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the array substrate 1 side are regulated by the protrusions 3 in two inclination directions. That is, as shown in FIG.
In the region A, the liquid crystal molecules 5 tilt in the vertical direction of the left inclined surface of the protrusion 3 and thus tilt upward. In the region B, the liquid crystal molecules 5 tilt in the vertical direction of the right inclined surface of the protrusion 3 and thus reverse to the region A. Incline to the right. Since the liquid crystal 5 contains a chiral material, the liquid crystal 5 is horizontally arranged while being twisted clockwise in the normal direction of the substrates 1 and 8 toward the CF substrate 8.
At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 5 are twisted by 90 degrees between the substrates 1 and 8 because the alignment film 6 has been subjected to the horizontal alignment processing in parallel with the projections 3. The liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surface of the alignment film 4 are not perfectly aligned horizontally but are tilted at a predetermined tilt angle, and the liquid crystal molecules 5 in the regions A and B have opposite tilt directions. At A and B, the inclination direction is reversed.
In this case, the alignment state of the liquid crystal molecules 5 is disturbed unless the alignment treatment is performed in the regions A and B in the opposite directions as in the conventional example. However, in the present invention, the tilt angle at the time of horizontal alignment is reduced by irradiating the alignment film 6 with unpolarized ultraviolet light. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surface of the alignment film 6 are arranged in a substantially horizontal direction. The liquid crystal molecules 5 are arranged while being gradually inclined in the horizontal direction with respect to the CF substrate 8. Therefore, on the surface of the alignment film 6, the inclination directions of the liquid crystal molecules 5 in the region A and the region B become substantially the same, and the arrangement state of the liquid crystal molecules 5 is not disturbed. It is preferable that the tilt angle of the alignment film 6 is 0 degree, but the tilt angle may be small as long as the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules 5 when voltage is applied is not disturbed on the CF substrate 6 side. .

When the liquid crystal cell is sandwiched between a pair of polarizers, the polarizers are set to cross Nicols, and the transmission axis of the polarizers is set to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surfaces of the alignment films 4 and 6. It becomes a normally black mode in which white display is performed when display and voltage are applied. Further, when the polarizing plate is set to parallel Nicols, and the transmission axis of one of the polarizing plates is set to the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surfaces of the alignment films 4 and 6, white display is obtained when no voltage is applied.
It becomes a normally white mode in which black display is performed when a voltage is applied.

In this embodiment, since the rubbing treatment is performed after irradiating the vertical alignment film 6 with non-polarized ultraviolet light, the rubbing treatment of the alignment film 6 only needs to be performed once, and the trouble caused by the rubbing treatment can be reduced. Further, since the inclination direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 at the time of applying a voltage is regulated by the projections 3 on the array substrate 1 side, the rubbing treatment which causes a problem such as static electricity can be omitted for the array substrate 1, and the defects are reduced and the productivity is improved. I do.

In this embodiment, the case where the projection 3 is formed on the pixel electrode 2 has been described, but a slit may be formed instead of the projection 3. At this time, the arrangement of the slits and the relationship with the orientation direction are set to the same conditions as in the case where the projections 3 are provided.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 4A and 4B are schematic cross-sectional views of the liquid crystal display device. FIG. 4A shows the state of the liquid crystal array when no voltage is applied, and FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the points of the protrusion 3 and the alignment film, but the other configurations are the same. Therefore, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted. Also, the alignment films 9 and 10
The hatched portion indicates a portion irradiated with non-polarized ultraviolet light.

In this embodiment, there is no projection 3 on the pixel electrode 2, but one pixel is divided into two substantially equally to the left and right as in the first embodiment. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a region A is on the left and a region B is on the right with respect to the center of the pixel electrode 2. An alignment film 9 is stacked on the pixel electrode 2 of the array substrate 1 and an alignment film 10 is stacked on the counter electrode 7 of the CF substrate 8. The alignment films 9 and 10 are obtained by irradiating an unpolarized ultraviolet ray to an alignment film having a vertical alignment and then performing a horizontal alignment process. The alignment direction is shown in FIG. 5, and the procedure of the alignment process is shown in FIG. Are shown below. FIG. 5 shows the CF substrate 8
, Corresponds to one pixel when viewed from the normal direction, and the left side divided by the dotted line corresponds to the area A, and the right side corresponds to the area B.
6 shows the alignment films 9, 10 as viewed from the arrow a in FIG.
Is shown. As shown in FIG. 6A, after the alignment films 9 and 10 having vertical alignment are laminated on the substrates 1 and 8, non-polarized light is applied from a normal direction of the substrates 1 and 8 through a mask 11 having a predetermined pattern. Irradiation of ultraviolet rays. Here, the portion irradiated with the ultraviolet rays corresponds to the region B in the alignment film 9 and corresponds to the region A in the alignment film 10. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 6B, a rubbing process is performed only once on each of the alignment films 9 and 10. FIG.
Arrow 1 indicates a rubbing process of the alignment film 9 of the array substrate 1, and an arrow 2 indicates a rubbing process of the alignment film 10 of the CF substrate 8. The direction of the arrow indicates that the liquid crystal molecules 5 are aligned with the alignment films 9 and 10.
When the surface is inclined at a predetermined tilt angle, the alignment films 9, 10
The direction of the edge of the liquid crystal molecule 5 away from the alignment films 9 and 10 from the edge of the liquid crystal molecule 5 that is close to. CF substrate 8
The orientation direction of liquid crystal molecules (arrow 3) positioned on the surface of the alignment film 10 when the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surface of the alignment film 9 of the array substrate 1 are twisted 90 degrees in a clockwise direction is horizontally aligned. The rubbing process is performed in the direction shifted by 180 degrees (arrow 2). The rubbing treatment is performed on both the regions A and B, but only in the regions where the unpolarized ultraviolet light is not irradiated (the regions A of the alignment film 9 and the region B of the alignment film 10), the liquid crystal molecules are horizontal at a predetermined tilt angle. Acts like an array.

When no voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surfaces of the alignment films 9 and 10 are affected by the vertical alignment of the alignment films 9 and 10.
Are vertically arranged, and the liquid crystal molecules 5 between the substrates 1 and 8 are also vertically arranged. When a voltage is applied, an electric field is generated between the pixel electrode 2 and the counter electrode 7, and the liquid crystal molecules 5 tilt in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.
At this time, the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surface of the alignment film 9 in the region A and the surface of the alignment film 10 in the region B are strongly influenced and tilt at a predetermined tilt angle. The liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surface of the alignment film 10 in the region A have a small tilt angle and are arranged in a substantially horizontal direction. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules 5 in the region A are twisted 90 degrees clockwise while gradually falling horizontally from the array substrate 1 to the CF substrate 8, and the liquid crystal molecules 5 in the region B are gradually moved from the CF substrate 8 to the array substrate 1. Twist 90 degrees counterclockwise while falling horizontally. Area A
Although the rubbing direction is opposite to the original tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules 5 on the surface of the alignment film 10 in the region B and the surface of the alignment film 9 in the region B, the tilt angle is reduced due to the irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light, Liquid crystal molecules 5 that cause display defects
Does not occur. In the regions A and B, the liquid crystal molecules 5 are both twisted clockwise with respect to the normal direction of the substrates 1 and 8, but the inclination directions are opposite to each other, so that the viewing angles are compensated and the viewing angle is wide.

In this embodiment, the rubbing process is performed after irradiating the vertical alignment films 9 and 10 with unpolarized ultraviolet light.
The rubbing process for each of the alignment films 9 and 10 only needs to be performed once,
Problems due to the rubbing process can be reduced.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the present invention is effective for a case where one pixel is divided into two or more regions.

The tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules when horizontally aligned by irradiating a predetermined region with unpolarized ultraviolet light is set to be small. Instead of irradiating unpolarized ultraviolet light, linearly polarized ultraviolet light is used. May be irradiated a plurality of times while shifting the amplitude direction. At this time, an alignment film whose main chain or sub-chain in the same direction as the amplitude direction of the ultraviolet light is cut is used. Furthermore, the same steps are used for the configuration of the liquid crystal display device and other steps, except that the step of irradiating unpolarized ultraviolet light in the first and second embodiments is replaced with the step of irradiating linearly polarized ultraviolet light a plurality of times.

[0025]

According to the present invention, the alignment film having the vertical alignment property is subjected to the irradiation treatment of non-polarized ultraviolet light and the horizontal alignment treatment, so that the liquid crystal molecules near the alignment film are vertically aligned when no voltage is applied, Since the liquid crystal display is horizontally arranged with almost no tilt angle when a voltage is applied, a liquid crystal display device having different alignment sections in one pixel can be manufactured with a small amount of rubbing treatment.

Further, since linear projections or slits are provided on the pixel electrode and the alignment film on the counter electrode is irradiated with unpolarized ultraviolet light and rubbed in a direction substantially parallel to the projection or slit, the rubbing on the pixel electrode side is performed. Processing can be omitted,
The destruction of the switching element due to static electricity during the rubbing process can be prevented.

One pixel is divided into a plurality of regions, and in each region, the alignment film of one substrate is subjected to irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light and horizontal alignment treatment, and the alignment film of the other substrate is subjected to horizontal alignment treatment. By applying different voltages so that the inclination directions of the liquid crystal molecules in the adjacent regions are different at the time of voltage application, the rubbing treatment of each substrate is performed once, and the yield can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a horizontal alignment direction of an alignment film of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an alignment process of an alignment film according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a horizontal alignment direction of an alignment film of a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an alignment process of an alignment film according to a second embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Array substrate 2 Pixel electrode 3 Projection 4, 6, 9, 10 Alignment film 5 Liquid crystal 7 Counter electrode 8 CF substrate

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Kase 3-201 Minamiyoshikata, Tottori-shi, Tottori Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yoshitaka Mori 3-201 Minamiyoshikata, Tottori-shi, Tottori Sanyo Tottori Inside Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinichiro Tanaka 3-201 Minamiyoshikata, Tottori City, Tottori Prefecture Tottori Sanyo Electric Co., Ltd. 5C094 AA03 AA31 AA42 AA43 BA03 BA43 CA19 CA24 EA04 EA07 ED02 ED14

Claims (10)

[Claims] A first substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed for each pixel; a second substrate on which a counter electrode is formed; an alignment film having a vertical alignment laminated on the two substrates; A liquid crystal layer having a negative dielectric anisotropy encapsulated therebetween, and a linear projection or slit is formed on one of the substrates corresponding to each pixel, and an alignment film on the other substrate is provided. Wherein a liquid crystal display device is provided with an irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light and a horizontal alignment treatment in a direction substantially parallel to the projection or the slit. 2. A chiral material is added to the liquid crystal layer,
2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are vertically arranged when no voltage is applied, and are horizontally arranged while being twisted between the substrates when a voltage is applied. 3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the protrusion or the slit is formed in the pixel electrode. 4. The projection or the slit divides each pixel substantially equally into two, and the liquid crystal molecules in the divided area are restricted in the inclination direction by the projection or the slit when a voltage is applied, and the liquid crystal molecules in the other area are divided. 4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is horizontally arranged while being inclined in a direction different from that of the substrate and twisted by 90 degrees between the substrates. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal alignment process is a rubbing process. 6. A liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between a substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed and a substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, and an alignment film having vertical alignment is laminated on both substrates. In a liquid crystal display device, each pixel is divided into a plurality of regions, and in each region, the alignment film of one substrate is subjected to irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light and horizontal alignment treatment, and the alignment film of the other substrate is subjected to horizontal alignment treatment. A liquid crystal display device characterized in that the tilt direction of liquid crystal molecules is regulated by an alignment film that has not been subjected to irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light when a voltage is applied, and the tilt direction differs from liquid crystal molecules in an adjacent region. 7. A chiral material is added to the liquid crystal layer,
7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the liquid crystal molecules are vertically arranged when no voltage is applied, and are horizontally arranged while being twisted by 90 degrees between the substrates when a voltage is applied. 8. Each pixel is divided into two areas A and B,
A region A of one substrate and a region B of the other substrate are subjected to irradiation treatment with non-polarized ultraviolet light, and both substrates are subjected to rubbing treatment in directions orthogonal to each other. The liquid crystal molecules at the interface of the other substrate are 90
8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 6, wherein the rubbing direction is set so as to incline in a direction opposite to the inclining direction when twisted. 9. A first substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed for each pixel, a second substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, an alignment film having vertical alignment laminated on both substrates, and the substrate A liquid crystal layer having a negative dielectric anisotropy encapsulated therebetween, and a linear projection or slit is formed on one of the substrates corresponding to each pixel, and an alignment film on the other substrate is provided. A liquid crystal display device, wherein a process of irradiating linearly polarized ultraviolet light a plurality of times while shifting its amplitude direction and a horizontal alignment process in a direction substantially parallel to the protrusion or the slit are performed. 10. A liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy is sealed between a substrate on which a pixel electrode is formed and a substrate on which a counter electrode is formed, and an alignment film having vertical alignment is laminated on both substrates. In the liquid crystal display device, each pixel is divided into a plurality of regions, and in each region, a process of irradiating the alignment film of one substrate with ultraviolet light of linearly polarized light a plurality of times while shifting its amplitude direction and a horizontal alignment process are performed. Horizontal alignment treatment is performed on the alignment film of the substrate, and the tilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules is regulated by the alignment film that has not been subjected to the irradiation of the linearly polarized ultraviolet light when a voltage is applied. A liquid crystal display device characterized by being different.