JP2002188669A - Adjuster mechanism for clearance - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an adjuster mechanism for a clearance capable of modifying automatically a clearance to a disk caused by the wear of a friction component parts. SOLUTION: In the brake device which moves the piston 22 by introducing the produced oil pressure from the oil pressure producing device 70 into the cylinder 21A and can press inner and outer brake blocks 60, 90 to the disk 50, the pressure chamber 21 is communicated to the oil pressure producing device which produces the oil pressure at the time of brake operation, beside the above piston 22 demarcates the above cylinder into the oil pressure chamber 21 and the sealed air chamber 15. The above sealed air chamber 15 is communicated to the atmosphere through an air passage, is provided with an orifice 12 in the air passage and is arranging the check valve 16 in the downstream side of the orifice, which is the character of the adjuster system of the clearance.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an adjuster mechanism for a clearance between a friction material and a disk in a brake device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In terms of the function of a brake device, it is necessary to provide a sufficient clearance between a friction material and a disk.
As a countermeasure, a clearance adjuster mechanism and the like described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-157620 are known. Referring to the drawings, a brief description will be given of only a main part of a brake device employing this adjuster mechanism. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part in FIG. 4. In FIG. 4, the brake device includes a caliper body 101 having two arms opposed to each other with a wheel interposed therebetween, and a brake-holding portion 104 having a hydraulic cylinder 103 for operating a brake is disposed on an inner arm 102. Is done. Brake holder 1
A back plate anchor 112 is held at 04 by a shaft portion 112a so as to be movable leftward in the figure.

[0003] An actuator (not shown) as a hydraulic pressure generating source is connected to a hydraulic cylinder 103 mounted on a brake shoe holder 104 via an oil passage.
A hydraulic piston 105 is slidably disposed in the valve 03. The hydraulic piston 105 has a back plate anchor 1
When the hydraulic pressure from the actuator is introduced into the hydraulic cylinder 103, the hydraulic piston 105 moves, and the back plate anchor 112 is moved through the inner side guide plate 113. Then, the brake shoe 106 attached to the back plate anchor 112 is pressed against the disk 50 mounted on the wheel. Also, the caliper body 1 is caused by a reaction force generated by pressing the inner side brake shoe 106 against the disk 50.
01 also moves to the disk 50 side, and a brake provided on an outer arm (not shown) arranged on the opposite side of the hydraulic cylinder 103 is also pressed against the disk 50, and both sides of the disk 50 are pressed by the brakes to control the pressure. They are getting power.

The brake device is provided with a clearance adjuster mechanism 108 shown in FIG. In FIG. 5, an adjuster mechanism 108 has a body outer 109 attached to a cylindrical hole 102a formed in the arm 102, a body inner 110 is disposed in the body outer 109, and a piston adjuster 111 slides in the body inner 110. It is arranged freely. The piston adjuster 111 includes a guide plate 11 attached to a back plate anchor 112 constituting the brake shoe 106.
3 and a rod 114 is slidably disposed at the center of the piston adjuster 111.
A lid 115 is attached to an end of the 14. A friction 116 for automatically adjusting the clearance of the brake shoe is disposed between the rod 114 and the piston adjuster 111. Until a predetermined axial force or more acts on the rod 114, the friction 116 is adjusted. , The piston adjuster 111 and the rod 114 are held integrally. Also, the lid 115
A return spring 117 is disposed between the lid 115 and the body inner 110. The return spring 117 constantly urges the lid 115 rightward in the drawing, and a predetermined gap S between the lid 115 and the end of the body inner 110. To maintain. Further, the piston adjuster 111 is moved rightward in the figure via the lid 115, the rod 114, and the friction 116 by the action of the return spring 117, whereby the brake shoe 106 is moved rightward in the figure via the guide plate 113. In addition, a predetermined clearance SS can be maintained.

In the adjuster mechanism 108, when the brake shoe 106 is worn and the clearance SS is increased, the adjuster function is exhibited as follows. That is, at the time of the brake operation, the piston adjuster 111 moves to the left in the drawing due to the movement of the hydraulic piston 105, and the rod 114 integrated with the piston adjuster 111 via the friction 116 also returns the return spring 117 via the lid 115. While bending, it moves to the left in the figure until the gap S becomes zero. Further, relative movement in the axial direction occurs between the friction 116 and the rod 114 to fill the increased gap. Due to this relative movement, even if the brake shoe is greatly worn, a constant clearance SS can always be maintained when the brake is released, regardless of the amount of wear.

However, in the above-described clearance adjuster mechanism, the adjuster mechanism is complicated, and it is necessary to return the spring to the initial setting with a dedicated tool when installing a new brake shoe. In terms of terms. In addition, there are problems that the device is large and there are many problems in terms of weight, cost, and the like.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Accordingly, the present invention provides a piston formed in a cylinder formed in a caliper, which divides a hydraulic chamber and a sealed air chamber communicating with an actuator and is slidably disposed in the cylinder. An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problem by providing an adjuster mechanism that automatically adjusts clearance due to wear of a brake shoe (friction member) by utilizing the air compressibility of the closed air chamber that is generated. I do.

According to the present invention, when the brake is operated in a state where the friction member is worn, the amount of movement of the piston is increased, and the air in the closed air chamber is discharged to the atmosphere via the orifice and the check valve, and the closed air chamber is released. Is the check pressure of the check valve 16. When the brake is released, the check pressure in the closed air chamber causes the piston to return by the same amount as in the normal state, and as a result, the clearance between the friction member and the disk is always maintained optimally.

[0009]

For this reason, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is to move a piston by introducing a hydraulic pressure generated from a hydraulic pressure generating device into a cylinder, thereby causing friction between an inner side and an outer side. In a brake device capable of pressing a member against a disk, the piston partitions the cylinder into a hydraulic chamber and a sealed air chamber, and the hydraulic chamber communicates with a hydraulic pressure generating device that generates oil pressure when a brake is actuated. The air chamber communicates with the atmosphere through an air passage, and a check valve is disposed in the air passage. Also, the check valve is detachably attached to the air passage, and a seal function formed by the seal portion formed on the check valve abuts on a tapered surface formed on the air passage when the check valve is mounted. It is a feature of the adjuster of the clearance. Further, an orifice is provided in the air passage on an upstream side of a check valve.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a clearance adjuster mechanism according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a brake device equipped with a clearance adjuster mechanism according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the adjuster mechanism. Figure,
FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of the adjuster mechanism.

In FIG. 1, 20 is a caliper, 30 is a support, 40 is a guide pin, 50 is a disk, and 60 and 90.
Is a brake shoe (hereinafter referred to as a friction member), and 70 is a hydraulic pressure generator. The support 30 holds the guide pin 40 movably in the axial direction, and the caliper 20 is attached to the guide pin. The caliper 20 is bifurcated so as to sandwich the disk 50, and an adjuster mechanism 80 for clearance described later is attached to one of the supports, and a hydraulic pressure generator 70 is connected to the adjuster mechanism 80. A friction member 90 is provided on the other support of the caliper by the disk 50.
It is attached detachably toward.

In FIG. 2, the adjuster mechanism 80 includes a hydraulic pressure generating means and an adjuster means, and the hydraulic pressure generating means includes a cylinder 21A formed in the support 20,
Hydraulic chamber 2 slidably disposed in cylinder
1 and a closed air chamber 15 and a friction member 60 pressed by the piston 22. The hydraulic chamber 21 generates a hydraulic pressure during a brake operation via an oil passage 21B formed in the main body. The closed air chamber 15 is in communication with the hydraulic pressure generating device 70, and the air passage 14 formed in the main body.
It is communicated to the atmosphere through. A seal member 23 for sealing the inner wall of the cylinder and the outer periphery of the piston is mounted on the outer periphery of the piston 22, and a seal member 24 is further mounted between the piston rod and the main body.

The adjuster means 10 includes an adjuster main body 11 which is screwed into a thread formed in an air passage 14 communicating the closed air chamber 15 and the atmosphere.
1 is finally assembled into the air passage 14, the sealing portion 13 on the main body side has a tapered surface 14 formed in the air passage.
A and is configured to block communication between the sealed air chamber and the atmosphere side. A passage having an orifice 12 is formed at the center of the adjuster main body 11, and a check valve 16 that allows air to pass only from the sealed air chamber 15 to the outside air is provided downstream of the orifice (left side in the figure). Is provided. Although the adjuster is formed integrally with the caliper, it can be formed separately and attached to the caliper.

The operation of the clearance adjuster mechanism having the above configuration will be described. When the friction member is not worn and the brake is not operated, FIG.
The friction member 60 pressed by the piston 22 is opposed to the disk 50 while maintaining a predetermined clearance S with the disk 50 as shown in FIG. When the brake operating member is operated in this state, a hydraulic pressure is generated by the hydraulic pressure generating device 70, and the hydraulic pressure flows into the hydraulic chamber 21. As a result, the piston 2 moves rightward in the drawing, and presses the friction member 60 against the disk 50 while discharging air in the sealed air chamber through the orifice and the check valve to the atmosphere. That is, the air pressure in the closed air chamber becomes the check pressure of the check valve 16. The reaction at this time causes the caliper 20 to move with respect to the support 30, and the friction member 60 pressed by the piston 22 and the friction member 90 (see FIG. 1) attached to the caliper 20 cause the disk 5 to move.
0 is pinched and the brake is activated. When the brake is operated, a predetermined check pressure is held in the closed air chamber by the check valve 16 (see FIG. 3B). When the brake is released, the hydraulic pressure from the hydraulic pressure generating device 70 is lost, so that the piston 22 returns to the initial state due to the air pressure in the closed air chamber, and thereby the friction between the friction member 60 pressed by the piston rod 22 and the disk 50 is released. Clearance is maintained.

Next, the operation of the brake when the friction member is worn will be described. In FIG. 3C, when the friction member 60 is worn, the movement amount of the piston 22 increases, and the air in the sealed air chamber is released to the atmosphere via an orifice and a check valve. Pressure is maintained. When the brake is released, the piston 22 returns by the same amount as in the normal state due to the air pressure (check pressure) in the sealed air chamber, and as a result, the clearance between the friction member 60 and the disk 50 becomes the same as in the normal state.
Further, when replacing the friction member with a new one, the adjuster body 11 of the adjuster means 10 is rotated to separate the seal portion 13 of the main body from the tapered surface 14A, so that the sealed air chamber 15 is removed.
Is communicated with the atmosphere side, the piston 22 is manually returned to the initial position, and the friction member 60 can be easily replaced with a new one. After the replacement, the main body 10 of the adjuster device is again screwed into contact with the sealing portion 13 and the tapered surface 14A, whereby the sealed air chamber can be returned to the sealed state, and the initial state shown in FIG. Thus, in the adjuster mechanism of the present clearance, the clearance is always set to an appropriate level following the wear of the friction member.

As described above, the present invention simplifies the clearance adjuster mechanism because the clearance adjustment between the friction member and the disc is performed by utilizing the air pressure remaining in the closed air chamber when the brake is released. be able to. In addition, although the said embodiment demonstrated the railroad vehicle as an example, it is natural that it is applicable also to vehicles, such as a motor vehicle.

[0017]

As described above, according to the present invention, since a simple adjuster mechanism utilizing the compressibility of air is used, even when a new friction member is mounted, the initial setting is completed only by loosening the screw. Maintenance is easy because air is used.
It is possible to obtain excellent effects such as a simple component configuration, weight reduction and cost reduction.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a brake device equipped with a clearance adjuster mechanism according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an adjuster mechanism.

FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view of an adjuster mechanism.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a brake device provided with a conventional clearance mechanism.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged explanatory view of a main part of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Adjuster means 11 Adjuster main body 12 Orifice 13 Seal part 14 Air passage 15 Sealed air chamber 16 Check valve 20 Caliper 21 Hydraulic chamber 21B Oil passage 22 Piston 23, 24 Sealing member 30 Support 40 Guide pin 50 Disk 60 Slipper (friction member) 70 Hydraulic pressure generator 80 Adjuster mechanism 90 Brake (friction member)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A brake device capable of moving a piston by introducing hydraulic pressure generated from a hydraulic pressure generating device into a cylinder to press inner and outer friction members against a disk. Is divided into a hydraulic chamber and a sealed air chamber, the hydraulic chamber is communicated with a hydraulic pressure generating device that generates oil pressure when a brake is actuated, and the sealed air chamber is communicated with the atmosphere via an air passage, and is connected to the air passage. Is a clearance adjuster mechanism characterized by a check valve. 2. The check valve is removably attached to an air passage so that a seal function formed by the seal portion formed on the check valve abuts a tapered surface formed on the air passage when the check valve is mounted. The clearance adjuster mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: 3. The clearance adjuster mechanism according to claim 1, wherein an orifice is provided in the air passage upstream of a check valve.