JP2002123308A - Numerically controlled lathe, and device and method of controlling the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable an NC device for a multi-system NC lathe to execute the processing program of a desired system without inputting any command to systems whose operations are not controlled. SOLUTION: In the RAM of the NC device, multiple program description areas individually corresponding to multiple systems of the NC lathe are set. A CPU retrieves the description contents of an inputted processing program (S3 to S8), specifies the system corresponding to a program description area judged to include the description of the command as a system whose operation is controlled by the processing program, and specifies the number of systems like it (S9 to S11). Then, the CPU enables operation control over the specified system (S13). For the purpose, when the CPU processes the processing program, an operation start signal is outputted to a servo control part first only for the system specified at S9 to S11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a multifunctional numerically controlled lathe having at least one spindle and at least one tool post operable under control in a plurality of systems, and a control incorporated in the numerically controlled lathe. Related to the device. Further, the present invention relates to a control method of such a numerically controlled lathe.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in the field of automatic lathes (ie, lathes capable of automatic machining) represented by numerically controlled lathes (hereinafter referred to as NC lathes), bar-shaped workpieces (hereinafter, referred to as bar materials) are used. Equipped with various types of tools, including rotating tools, on the turret to enable machining of workpieces with more complex shapes, enabling various automatic machining operations such as milling in addition to turning. Combined mechanization is in progress.
Further, in order to shorten the processing time, at least one spindle and at least one tool post operable under control of a plurality of systems are collectively mounted on one lathe machine base, and different types of the same bar material are used. (For example, outer diameter cutting and boring)
Various multifunctional NC lathes capable of performing simultaneous processing and simultaneous processing on different bars have been proposed. Note that the term “system” means a combination of control axis groups controlled by one machining program (including a case where there is only one control axis), and such a combination is performed on one NC machine tool. If a plurality of combinations of control axis groups can be set, this control method in the NC machine tool is generally referred to as "multi-path control".

In this type of multi-function NC lathe, the operation of each spindle and each tool post is usually classified into systems to which they belong and input to a control device (hereinafter referred to as an NC device). Controlled according to the program. When various data are manually input to the NC device via the operation panel attached to the NC lathe when creating this processing program, the display screen of the operation panel generally includes a block sequence in which the processing program for each system is put together. These block strings are displayed on a screen in a plurality of program description areas prepared in series or in parallel on a screen.

Conventionally, a maker of a multi-function NC lathe generally describes only a machining system of a predetermined system corresponding to each of the plurality of program description areas prepared on a display screen of an operation panel. In order to prevent this, the software for the NC unit was created. In general, the NC device of the conventional multi-function NC lathe generally prevents the lathe from operating unless any command is described in all program description areas regardless of whether or not actual operation control is performed in the corresponding system. Was composed. FIG. 7 shows a description example of a machining program in such a conventional NC device.

FIG. 7 shows a plurality of (for example, two) on a lathe machine base.
In three conventional NC lathes equipped with a main spindle and a plurality of (for example, two) tool rests so as to be controllable, three program description areas # 1 displayed in parallel on a display screen of an operation panel of the NC device # 1 , # 2 and # 3. These program description areas # 1, # 2 and # 3 are respectively composed of a first system (namely, system 1) and a second system (namely, system 2).
And the third system (that is, system 3), and the machining programs of the systems 1, 2, and 3, which are input from the operation panel, correspond to the corresponding program description areas {1, #}.
2, $ 3 are described separately.

[0006] The illustrated program description example shows a case in which machining operations related to various tools required for machining a target part can be controlled by only one system (system 1). The machining program is described only in the program description area # 1 corresponding to the system 1. In the other program description areas # 2 and # 3, since no operation control is performed in the corresponding systems 2 and 3, a formal control block sequence that does not include a substantial machining program such as a tool specification is described. ing. These formal control block sequences are:
The systems 2 and 3 include a command (for example, codes G710 and G730) for clarifying that the operation control is not performed, thereby enabling the execution of the machining program in the system 1. That is, when the control block sequence including such a command is not described in the program description areas # 2 and # 3, the software of the conventional NC device continues to wait for a required command in the systems 2 and 3. Then, the system 1 enters the standby state, and as a result, the machining program in the system 1 cannot be executed.

[0007]

As described above, in the conventional NC apparatus, in an NC lathe having a plurality of systems, during the machining process of a target part, for example, according to the required machining content and tool type, If there is a system that does not perform any operation control related to machining, operation control is performed unless a command (for example, clarifying that operation control is not performed) is also input to the program description area corresponding to the system. It was impossible to execute the machining program in the system where the system was to be executed. Therefore, the input operation by the operator is complicated, the input time is unnecessarily long, and an input error such as omission of description and a malfunction of the machine due to the input error tend to occur. Also, in this case, the NC device executes the processing in accordance with the input formal command even for a system in which the operation control is not performed, so that there is a concern that the execution time of the machining program becomes longer as a whole.

Further, in the configuration of the above-described conventional NC device, the NC device having software corresponding to a specific number of systems is provided.
The machining program created by the apparatus could not be used for various NC lathes having different numbers of systems for general purposes with the same description contents. For example, if a two-system machining program created by an NC device equipped on a two-system NC lathe is input to an NC device equipped on a three-system NC lathe with the same description, no command is issued. Since there is a program description area that is not described, as described above, the system for which operation control is to be performed is in a standby state and cannot execute the machining program.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an NC device incorporated in a multi-function NC lathe having a plurality of systems, even if there is a system in which operation control is not performed by the NC lathe, to input any command relating to the system. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an NC apparatus which can execute a machining program in a desired system without performing the operation, thereby facilitating an input operation by an operator and reducing an input time and a program execution time.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is a multi-system NC lathe provided with such an NC device incorporated therein, and capable of performing a machining operation in accordance with a command described only for a system arbitrarily selected from a plurality of systems. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an NC lathe capable of realizing general-purpose use of a machining program and simplifying a program creation operation. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for controlling such an NC lathe.

[0011]

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lathe machine, at least one main shaft installed on the lathe machine, and a lathe machine. At least one tool post to be installed, and a control device for controlling the operation of at least one spindle and at least one tool post on a lathe machine base in a plurality of systems,
The control device includes: a storage unit having a plurality of program description areas individually corresponding to a plurality of systems; and a processing unit configured to read and process commands described in the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit. In the numerical control lathe to be performed, the processing unit of the control device determines the presence or absence of the description of the command in each of the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit,
A numerical control lathe characterized in that only a system corresponding to a program description area having a description of a command among a plurality of systems is placed in a state where operation can be controlled in accordance with the command.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the numerical control lathe according to the first aspect, the processing unit of the control device outputs an operation start signal of a system corresponding to a program description area having a command description. Provide a control lathe. According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the numerical control lathe according to the first or second aspect, the processing unit of the control device performs operation control of a system corresponding to a program description area having no instruction description among a plurality of systems. Provide a numerically controlled lathe that cannot be used. According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the numerical control lathe according to the third aspect, the processing unit of the control device includes a numerical control lathe that does not output an operation start signal of a system corresponding to a program description area having no instruction. provide.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the numerical control lathe according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the processing unit of the control device includes a plurality of program description areas in which instruction descriptions are present. Provided is a numerically controlled lathe that, when determined, further determines the consistency between commands described in a plurality of program description areas. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the numerical control lathe according to the fifth aspect, the processing unit of the control device searches for a code related to each other among the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas. To provide a numerically controlled lathe that determines consistency.

[0014] According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a numerical control lathe having a plurality of systems, a storage unit having a plurality of program description areas individually corresponding to the plurality of systems,
A processing unit that reads and processes the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit, wherein the processing unit determines whether or not the instructions are described in each of the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit The present invention provides a control device characterized in that, out of a plurality of systems of a numerically controlled lathe, only a system that can correspond to a program description area having a description of a command is placed in a state where operation can be controlled in accordance with the command.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the control device according to the seventh aspect, wherein the processing unit outputs an operation start signal of a system that can correspond to a program description area having a description of a command. I do. According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the control device according to the seventh or eighth aspect, the processing unit operates a system that can correspond to a program description area having no instruction description among a plurality of systems of the numerical control lathe. Provided is a control device for making the control impossible. According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the control device according to the ninth aspect, wherein the processing unit does not output an operation start signal of a system that can correspond to a program description area having no instruction description.

The invention according to claim 11 is the invention according to claims 7-1.
0, when the processing unit determines that there are a plurality of program description areas in which the description of the command exists, the processing unit matches the command described in the plurality of program description areas. Is provided. According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, in the control device according to the eleventh aspect, the processing unit searches for a code related to each other among the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas, thereby ensuring consistency. Is provided.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling a numerically controlled lathe having at least one spindle and at least one tool post operable under control in a plurality of systems, wherein each of the plurality of systems includes Prepare a control device including a storage unit having a plurality of individually corresponding program description areas, determine the presence or absence of the description of the command in each of the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit of the control device, among a plurality of systems, There is provided a control method characterized in that only a system corresponding to a program description area determined to have a description of a command is placed in a state where operation can be controlled according to the command.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the control method of the thirteenth aspect, the step of bringing only the system corresponding to the program description area determined to have the instruction description into a state where the operation can be controlled is performed. A control method including outputting an operation start signal of a system is provided. According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the control method according to the thirteenth or fourteenth aspect, the step of setting only a system corresponding to a program description area determined to have a command description to be in a state in which operation control can be performed includes a plurality of steps. There is provided a control method including putting a system corresponding to a program description area determined to have no instruction description out of systems in a state where operation control cannot be performed.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the control method according to the fifteenth aspect, the step of setting the system corresponding to the program description area determined to have no instruction description to be in an uncontrollable state includes the step of: And a control method including not outputting the operation start signal. According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the control method according to any one of the thirteenth to sixteenth aspects, there is a description of the instruction at the step of determining whether or not the instruction is described in each of the plurality of program description areas. Provided is a control method, further comprising the step of, when it is determined that a plurality of program description areas exist, determining a consistency between instructions described in the plurality of program description areas.

According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in the control method according to the seventeenth aspect, the step of judging the consistency between the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas includes: A control method is provided that includes searching for codes that are related to each other between written instructions.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, the same or similar components are denoted by common reference numerals. Referring to the drawings, FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a numerically controlled (NC) lathe 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention. NC lathe 10
Has two spindles 14, 16 and 2 on one lathe machine 12
The turrets 18 and 20 are collectively mounted, and various tools 22 including turning tools such as cutting tools and drills and rotating tools such as milling tools are used to simultaneously perform different types (for example, external cutting and boring) on the same bar. It has a three-system multifunctional structure that enables processing and simultaneous processing of different bars.

That is, the NC lathe 10 is a lathe machine 12
A first spindle 14 installed on the lathe machine 12 and having a rotation axis 14a and operable under control in the first system (that is, system 1); A first turret 18 operable under control of a common system 1 with the spindle 14 and a second turret installed on the lathe machine 12 and operable under control of a second system (namely, system 2) And a rotation axis 1 which is installed on the lathe machine base 12 and is parallel to the rotation axis 14a of the first spindle 14.
6a and a third system (ie, system 3)
And a second spindle 16 operable under the control of.

The lathe machine 12 has an inclined guide surface 1 on the front of the machine.
2a having a so-called slant bed structure,
The main shaft 14, the second main shaft 16, the first tool rest 18, and the second tool rest 20 are independently slidably supported in three orthogonal coordinate systems based on the inclined guide surface 12a.
The lathe machine 12 further includes a control (NC) device 2 described later.
An operation panel 26 for operating the device 4, a cover (not shown), and the like are mounted.

The first main spindle 14 is a main (or front side) main spindle which grips and rotates a bar supplied from outside the lathe, and is rotatable on the first headstock 28 via a bearing device (not shown). Built in. The first main shaft 14 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and a chuck (not shown) capable of firmly gripping a bar fed from the rear end side is provided in a front end region thereof.

The first headstock 28 is slidably mounted on a first spindle mounting portion 30 set at one longitudinal end area of the lathe machine 12. The first headstock 2 is provided with the first headstock 2.
8 is a first feed control axis (referred to as a Z1 axis) parallel to the inclined guide surface 12a and the rotation axis 14a of the first main shaft 14 in an orthogonal three-axis coordinate system based on the inclined guide surface 12a of the lathe machine base 12. First spindle drive mechanism 3 that moves linearly along the axis
2 (FIG. 2) is installed. The first spindle drive mechanism 32 includes a Z1-axis drive source (for example, an AC servomotor) 34 mounted on the lathe machine base 12, a Z1-axis guide member (for example, a slide guide) 36 mounted on the inclined guide surface 12a, And a non-feed screw device (for example, a ball screw). Therefore, the first spindle 14 is connected to the first spindle drive mechanism 3.
By the operation of 2, it is possible to perform a linear reciprocating operation together with the first headstock 28 along the first feed control axis (Z1 axis) parallel to its own rotation axis 14a.

The first headstock 28 further includes a first spindle 14
For example, a built-in type AC servomotor is built in as a rotary drive source 38 (FIG. 2) for rotating the drive. Also the first
The main shaft 14 may have a rotation angle control axis (referred to as a C1 axis), and a C1 axis obtained by controlling the rotation drive source 38.
The desired tool rests 18 and 20 are positioned at desired positions on the end surface and the outer peripheral surface of the bar material held by the chuck by the indexing operation of the shaft.
It is possible to perform various processing using the rotating tool provided in the vehicle.

At the approximate center of the lathe machine base 12 in the longitudinal direction, the first
A column 40 is erected adjacent to the spindle mount 30. The column 40 has a guide as an auxiliary support device that supports the bar gripped by the first spindle 14 at a predetermined position axially separated from the first headstock 28 in the vicinity of the processed portion at the tip thereof. A bush 42 is installed. The guide bush 42 is coaxially arranged with respect to the first main shaft 14, and centers and supports the bar material during turning so that the processed portion does not run out.

The first tool post 18 is placed on the lathe
It is movably mounted on the front surface of a column 40 functioning as a tool post mounting portion, and is retracted and disposed on the side of a guide bush 42 located in front of the first main shaft 14 in the axial direction. In the column 40, the first tool rest 18 is provided with the inclined guide surface 12a and the rotation axis 14a of the first main shaft 14 (that is, the first feed axis) in an orthogonal three-axis coordinate system based on the inclined guide surface 12a of the lathe machine base 12. A first tool post drive mechanism 44 (FIG. 2) for linearly moving along a second feed control axis (referred to as X1 axis) orthogonal to the control axis (Z1 axis) is provided.

The first tool post drive mechanism 44 is used to drive the lathe
Y-axis moving table slidably mounted on the front surface of the column 40 orthogonal to the inclined guide surface 12a in the direction of the actual horizontal feed control axis (referred to as Y axis) orthogonal to the first feed control axis (Z1 axis). 46, a Y-axis moving table driving mechanism for moving the Y-axis moving table 46 in the Y-axis direction on the column 40, and a first feed control axis (Z1) on the front surface of the Y-axis moving table 46 parallel to the front surface of the column 40.
An X-axis moving base 48 and a X-axis moving base 48 slidably mounted in a direction of a real vertical feed control axis (referred to as an X-axis) orthogonal to both the axis and the actual horizontal feed control axis (Y-axis). An X-axis moving table drive mechanism for moving the Y-axis moving table 46 in the X-axis direction is provided. The Y-axis moving base drive mechanism includes a Y-axis drive source (for example, an AC servomotor) 50 mounted on the column 40.
, A Y-axis guide member (for example, a slide guide) 52 attached to the front surface of the column, and a feed screw device (for example, a ball screw) not shown. Similarly, the X-axis moving table driving mechanism includes an X-axis driving source (for example, an AC servomotor) 54 mounted on the Y-axis moving table 46 and an X-axis guide member (for example, a slide guide) mounted on the front surface of the Y-axis moving table. 5
6 and a feed screw device (not shown) (for example, a ball screw). Accordingly, the first tool rest 18 performs a linear interpolation operation between the Y-axis movement of the Y-axis moving stand 46 and the X-axis movement of the X-axis moving stand 48 under the operation of the first tool rest driving mechanism 44, thereby performing the first tool rest. A linear reciprocating operation can be performed along a second feed control axis (X1 axis) orthogonal to the feed control axis (Z1 axis).

The first turret driving mechanism 44 includes a first turret 1
Further, the feed control axis (Y) orthogonal to both the first and second feed control axes (Z1 axis and X1 axis) in an orthogonal three-axis coordinate system based on the inclined guide surface 12a of the lathe machine base 12
(Referred to as one axis). This feed control axis (Y1 axis) is similar to the second feed control axis (X1 axis).
Under the operation of the first tool post drive mechanism 44, the Y
The axis movement and the X-axis movement of the X-axis moving table 48 are realized by performing a linear interpolation operation.
The tool rest 18 can reciprocate linearly along the Y1 axis.

The first tool rest 18 is a so-called comb tool rest for holding a plurality of tools 22 in a parallel arrangement.
A turning tool such as a drill or a rotating tool such as a milling tool is moved along an imaginary plane parallel to the front surface of the column 40 and the first spindle 1
4 can be installed in an arrangement that can be radially positioned with respect to the rotation axis 14a. In the illustrated embodiment, the first tool post 18 is
A first tool 22 capable of holding a plurality of tools 22 arranged in parallel in a direction orthogonal to the second feed control axis (X1 axis), that is, in the Y1 axis direction.
A plurality of tools 2 near the holding part 58 and the first holding part 58
2 in the second feed control axis (X1 axis) direction.

Therefore, the first tool post 18 is moved to its Y1
The cutting edge of the desired tool 22 selected and indexed from the first holding unit 58 by the axial movement is transmitted to the system 1 input to the NC device 24.
The interpolation operation can be performed by cooperation between the X1-axis movement of the first tool rest 18 itself and the Z1-axis movement of the first spindle 14 according to the machining program described above. Similarly, the first turret 1
A first tool rest 18 according to the machining program of the system 1 input to the NC device 24, the cutting edge of the desired tool 22 indexed and selected from the second holding unit 60 by the X1-axis movement.
The interpolation operation can be performed by the cooperation of the movement of the Y1 axis itself and the movement of the first spindle 14 in the Z1 axis. Further, the first tool rest 18 moves the cutting edge of the rotary tool 22R mounted on the second holding part 60 by the X1-axis movement and the Y1-axis movement of the first tool rest 18 itself according to the machining program of the system 1 inputted to the NC device 24. Can perform an interpolation operation. Thus, under the control of the system 1, the bar W (FIG. 3) gripped by the first spindle 14 can be processed into a desired shape by a desired tool 22 on the first tool rest 18.

The second tool rest 20 is movably mounted on a second tool rest mounting part 62 set on the lathe machine base 12 opposite to the first spindle mounting part 30 with the column 40 interposed therebetween. Second
The second turret 20 is mounted on the turret mounting section 62 with the lathe machine 1
In the orthogonal two-axis coordinate system based on the second inclined guide surface 12a, a third axis parallel to the inclined guide surface 12a and orthogonal to the rotation axis 14a of the first main shaft 14 (that is, the first feed control axis (Z1 axis)). A second tool post drive mechanism 64 that moves linearly along a feed control axis (referred to as X2 axis) and a fourth feed control axis (referred to as Z2 axis) parallel to the first feed control axis (Z1 axis). (FIG. 2) is installed.

The second tool rest driving mechanism 64 is used to drive the lathe
The Z2 axis moving base 66 is slidably mounted on the inclined guide surface 12a in the direction of the fourth feed control axis (Z2 axis), and the Z2 axis moving table 66 is moved in the Z2 axis direction by the lathe machine base 12.
A shaft moving table driving mechanism, an X2 axis moving table 68 slidably mounted in the third feed control axis (X2 axis) direction on the front surface of a Z2 axis moving table 66 parallel to the inclined guide surface 12a, and an X2 axis An X2-axis moving table drive mechanism for moving the moving table 68 in the X2-axis direction on the Z2-axis moving table 66 is provided. The Z2-axis moving table drive mechanism includes a Z2-axis drive source (for example, an AC servomotor) 70 mounted on the lathe machine 12 and a Z2-axis guide member (for example, a slide guide) 72 mounted on the inclined guide surface 12a.
And a feed screw device (for example, a ball screw) not shown. Similarly, the X2-axis moving table drive mechanism includes an X2-axis driving source (for example, an AC servomotor) 74 mounted on the Z2-axis moving table 66 and an X2-axis guide member (for example, slide) (not shown) mounted on the front surface of the Z2-axis moving table. guide)
And a feed screw device (for example, a ball screw) not shown. Therefore, the second tool post 20 is moved by the operation of the second tool post drive mechanism 64 to the third feed control axis (X2 axis).
And a fourth reciprocating control axis (Z2 axis).

The second tool rest 20 is capable of holding a plurality of tools 22 in a first row and a second row having different cutting edge directions in a comb-like manner. Is rotated along an imaginary plane parallel to the inclined guide surface 12a of the lathe machine 12 and the first spindle 14
Can be provided in an arrangement that can be positioned parallel or coaxially with respect to the rotation axis 14a. In the illustrated embodiment, the second tool post 2
0 indicates that the plurality of tools 22 are oriented so as to face the column 40 on which the first tool post 16 is mounted, and are arranged in parallel in the direction of the third feed control axis (X2 axis). The first holding portion 76 (FIG. 3) which can be held, and the plurality of tools 22 on the opposite side of the first holding portion 76 are coaxially oriented in opposite directions to the plurality of tools 22 mounted on the first holding portion 76, respectively. And a second holding portion 78 (FIG. 3) that can be oriented in a shape and held in the second row. As schematically shown in FIG. 3, the first row of tools 22 mounted on the first holding portion 76 of the second tool rest 20 has a cutting edge direction for processing the bar W gripped on the first main shaft 14. Having. In addition, the second tool post 20
The second row of tools 22 mounted on the holding portion 78 has a cutting edge direction for processing the bar W ′ gripped by the second main shaft 16.

Accordingly, the second tool rest 20 uses the cutting tool of the desired tool 22 selected and indexed from the first holding part 76 by the X2 axis movement of the second tool rest 20 and the machining program of the system 2 inputted to the NC device 24. X of the second tool post 20 itself according to
An interpolation operation can be performed by cooperation between the two-axis movement and the Z2-axis movement, and the Z2-axis movement of the second tool rest 20 itself is controlled by the first spindle according to the machining program of the system 2 input to the NC device 24. The operation can be performed in such a manner as to be superimposed on the movement of the Z1-axis 14. In this manner, the bar W gripped by the first spindle 14 can be processed into a desired shape by the desired tool 22 selected from the first row on the second tool rest 20.

The second spindle 16 is provided on the lathe machine 12 on the opposite side of the first spindle mount 30 with the column 40 interposed therebetween, and the second spindle mount is set adjacent to the second tool rest mount 62. 80
Movably mounted on the rotating shaft 14a of the first spindle 14.
The first main shaft 14, that is, the guide bush 42, is disposed coaxially and opposingly in front of the guide bush 42 in the axial direction. The second main spindle 16 is an auxiliary (or rear-side) main spindle that grips and rotates a partially processed bar W ′ (FIG. 3) delivered from the first main spindle 14, and is a bearing (not shown). It is rotatably built in the second headstock 82 via the device. The second main shaft 16 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and a chuck (not shown) capable of firmly gripping a bar sent out from the opposing guide bush 42 is provided in a front end region thereof.

The second spindle mounting portion 80 includes the second spindle 16
Is a fifth feed control axis (referred to as X3 axis) parallel to the third feed control axis (X2 axis) of the second tool post 20 in the orthogonal two-axis coordinate system based on the inclined guide surface 12a of the lathe machine base 12. )
And a second spindle drive mechanism 84 (FIG. 2) that linearly moves along a sixth feed control axis (referred to as Z3 axis) of the first spindle 14 parallel to the first feed control axis (Z1 axis). Will be installed.

The second spindle drive mechanism 84 includes a Z3-axis moving table 86 slidably mounted on the inclined guide surface 12a of the lathe machine 12 in the direction of the sixth feed control axis (Z3-axis). A Z3 axis moving table drive mechanism for moving the table 86 in the Z3 axis direction by the lathe machine table 12; and a fifth feed control axis (X3 axis) direction on the front surface of the Z3 axis moving table 86 parallel to the inclined guide surface 12a. An X3-axis movable table 88 movably mounted, and X that moves the X3-axis movable table 88 on the Z3-axis movable table 86 in the X3-axis direction.
A three-axis moving base drive mechanism. The Z3-axis moving table drive mechanism includes a Z3-axis drive source (eg, an AC servomotor) 90 mounted on the lathe machine base 12 and a Z3-axis guide member (eg, a slide guide) 92 mounted on the inclined guide surface 12a.
And a feed screw device (for example, a ball screw) not shown. Similarly, the X3 axis moving base drive mechanism includes an X3 axis driving source (for example, an AC servomotor) 94 mounted on the Z3 axis moving table 86 and an X3 axis guide member (for example, a slide guide) mounted on the front surface of the Z3 axis moving table. 96 and a feed screw device (not shown) (for example, a ball screw).

The second headstock 82 is fixed to the front surface of the X3-axis moving table 88 with the rotation axis 16a of the second spindle 16 arranged parallel to the sixth feed control axis (Z3-axis). Therefore, the second spindle 16 is operated by the second spindle drive mechanism 84 to move the fifth feed control axis (X3 axis) and the sixth feed control axis (Z3
) Can be reciprocated linearly along each of

The second headstock 82 is further provided with a second spindle 16.
For example, a built-in type AC servomotor is built in as a rotation drive source 98 (FIG. 2) for rotationally driving. Also the second
The main shaft 16 may have a rotation angle control axis (referred to as a C2 axis), and a C2 axis obtained by controlling the rotation drive source 98.
By the axis positioning and indexing operation, it is possible to perform various processing on a desired position on the end surface or the outer peripheral surface of the bar material held by the chuck using the rotating tool provided on the second tool rest 20.

As described above, the second spindle 16 is connected to the second tool rest 2.
It can move linearly along a fifth feed control axis (X3 axis) parallel to the third feed control axis (X2 axis). Therefore, the second
The tool rest 20 moves the second holding unit 7 by at least one of the X2 axis movement of itself and the X3 axis movement of the second main shaft 16.
A desired tool 22 can be indexed and selected from the tools 22 in the second row provided in 8. Then, the second tool rest 20 sets the cutting edge of the selected desired tool 22 by the cooperation of the X3 axis movement and the Z3 axis movement of the second main shaft 16 according to the machining program of the system 3 input to the NC device 24. The interpolation operation can be relatively performed, and the Z3 axis movement of the second main shaft 16 can be moved in the second direction according to the machining program of the system 3 input to the NC device 24.
The tool post 20 itself can be operated while being superimposed on the Z2-axis movement, and the X3-axis movement of the second spindle 16
The tool post 20 can be operated by being superimposed on the X2-axis movement of the tool post 20 itself. In this way, the bar W ′ (FIG. 3) gripped by the second spindle 16 can be processed into a desired shape by the desired tool 22 selected from the second row on the second tool rest 20. .

Under the three-system control of the NC device 24, the NC lathe 10 simultaneously uses a maximum of three tools 22 selected on the two tool rests 18 and 20 having the above-described configuration, and uses the front and rear surfaces. The bars gripped by the main spindles 14 and 16 on the rear side can be automatically machined respectively, and in particular, it is configured to simultaneously perform a unique interpolation operation commanded to each of the three tools 22.

FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the NC unit 24 for performing such various automatic machining. NC device 24
Includes an input unit 100, a display unit 102, an arithmetic control unit 104, and a servo control unit 106. The input unit 100 is provided with a keyboard 108 with numerical keys installed on the operation panel 26.
1 (FIG. 1), and data (tool selection, article shape, dimensions, and the like) necessary to control the operations of the first and second spindles 14 and 16 and the first and second tool rests 18 and 20.
A machining program (that is, a block sequence) relating to each tool 22 including a spindle speed, a tool feed speed, and the like is input from the input unit 100. The display unit 102 operates the operation panel 26.
Has a display screen 110 (FIG. 1) such as a CRT (cathode ray tube) or an LCD (liquid crystal display) installed in the display unit. The processing program input by the input unit 100 is displayed on the display screen 110, and the display screen is displayed in an interactive manner. For example, automatic programming while simulating on the 110 is enabled.

The arithmetic and control unit 104 stores the R
AM (random access memory) 112 and ROM (read only memory) 114, and CP constituting a processing unit
U (central processing unit) 116. A plurality of machining programs related to a plurality of tools 22 including various data input by the input unit 100 are stored in a RA
It is stored in M112 or ROM114. Also, ROM
A control program for driving the first and second spindles 14 and 16 and the first and second tool rests 18 and 20 is stored in the 114 in advance. The CPU 116 controls the RAM 11
2 or machining program and RO stored in ROM 114
A control command is output to the servo control unit 106 based on the control program stored in M114.

The servo control unit 106 includes a first spindle movement control unit 118, a first spindle rotation control unit 120, a first tool rest movement control unit 122, a second tool rest movement control unit 124, and a second spindle movement control unit 126. And a second spindle rotation control unit 128. The first spindle movement control unit 118 controls the Z1-axis drive source 34 of the first spindle drive mechanism 32 based on a command from the CPU 116.
(FIG. 1) to operate the first spindle 1 together with the first headstock 28.
4 is moved in the Z1 axis. The first spindle rotation control unit 120 includes:
Based on a command from the CPU 116, the rotation drive source 38 is operated to rotate the first spindle 14 in the first headstock 28 along the C1 axis. The high-speed rotation of the first spindle 14 at the time of turning is controlled via another control circuit (not shown) based on data such as the number of rotations.

The first tool post movement control unit 122 includes a CPU 1
16, the Y-axis drive source 50 (FIG. 1) and the X-axis drive source 54 (FIG. 1) of the first tool post drive mechanism 44 are operated synchronously to move the first tool post 18 in the X1-axis direction. Alternatively, it is moved in the Y1 axis. The second tool post movement control unit 124
6, the Z2 axis drive source 70 (FIG. 1) and the X2 axis drive source 74 (FIG. 1) of the second tool post drive mechanism 64 are selectively operated to move the second tool post 20 in the Z2 axis direction. And the X2 axis movement.

The second spindle movement control unit 126
6, the Z3 axis drive source 90 (FIG. 1) and the X3 axis drive source 94 (FIG. 1) of the second spindle drive mechanism 84 are selectively operated to move the second spindle 16 in the Z3 axis movement and X3 direction. Perform interpolation operation with axis movement. The second main spindle rotation control unit 128
Based on the command of U116, the rotation drive source 98 is operated,
The second spindle 16 is rotated in the second headstock 82 by the C2 axis.
The high-speed rotation of the second spindle 16 during turning is
It is controlled via another control circuit (not shown) based on data such as the number of revolutions.

In the above control system, the NC unit 24
Are the first spindle drive mechanism 32, the first tool post drive mechanism 44,
The second tool post drive mechanism 64 and the second spindle drive mechanism 84
By controlling in association with each other, the first tool post 18
Associated with the first spindle 14 by the desired tool 22 selected at (i.e., relative to the bar gripped by the first spindle 14).
A machining step, a machining step related to the first spindle 14 by a desired tool 22 selected from the first row at the second tool rest 20, and a desired tool 22 selected from the second row at the second tool rest 20 (I.e., for the bar held by the second main shaft 16) with the second main shaft 16. Further, the NC device 24 includes the first
Interpolation operation of the tool 22 selected by the tool rest 18 in the system 1 described above, and interpolation operation of the tool 22 selected from the first row by the second tool rest 20 in the system 2 described above,
The first spindle drive mechanism 32 and the first tool post drive mechanism 4 so that the tool 22 selected from the second row on the second tool post 20 can simultaneously perform the interpolation operation in the system 3 described above.
4. Second tool post drive mechanism 64 and second spindle drive mechanism 84
Can be controlled appropriately.

In the NC device 24 having the above-described structure, basically, the bar held by the first main shaft 14 is moved to the first tool post 18.
The data for machining with the tool 22 provided in the system 1 is a machining program of the system 1 in which control axes (Z1, X1, Y1 axes) for controlling the operations of the first spindle 14 and the first tool rest 18 are appropriately combined. Is input by the input unit 100 and the bar material gripped by the first spindle 14 is attached to the first holding unit 76 of the second tool rest 20.
The data for machining with the tool 22 provided in the system includes a system in which control axis groups (Z1-axis, X2-axis, Z2-axis, composite Z-axis) for controlling the operations of the first spindle 14 and the second tool post 20 are appropriately combined. The data for processing the bar held by the second spindle 16 with the tool 22 mounted on the second holding portion 78 of the second tool rest 20 is input by the input section 100 as a machining program of the second tool post. Control axis group (Z2 axis, X2 axis, Z3 axis, X3 axis, composite Z
The input program is input by the input unit 100 as a machining program of the system 3 in which the axis and the combined X axis are appropriately combined. These machining programs are manually input (manual data input) to the NC device 24 via the keyboard 108 installed on the operation panel 26, and the contents are displayed on the display screen 110 of the display unit 102 installed on the operation panel 26. Is done.

The RAM 112 of the NC unit 24 has a system 1
3 are respectively provided with three program description areas. As shown in FIG. 4, these program description areas are displayed in parallel on the display screen 110 of the display unit 102 under the titles of $ 1, $ 2, and $ 3, respectively. A plurality of machining programs relating to the plurality of tools 22 on the first and second tool rests 18 and 20 are stored in the form of a block block respectively.
Are described in the program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3 corresponding to the systems 1, 2, and 3 to which (i.e., the processing operations related to the tools 22 can be controlled).

Here, in a conventional NC device incorporated in an NC lathe having a plurality of systems, during the machining process of a target part, for example, according to the required machining content and tool type,
If there is a system that does not perform operation control related to machining at all, unless a command is input to all of the multiple program description areas, the machining program in the system where operation control is to be performed cannot be executed. Had become. On the other hand, the NC device 24 of the NC lathe 10 according to the present invention can execute a machining program in a desired system without inputting any command to the system even when there is a system that does not perform operation control. It has the following characteristic configuration to enable execution.

That is, the NC device 24 and the NC device 24
The control method of the NC lathe 10 provided with
A plurality of program description areas # 1, # 2,
Before calculating the machining program stored in # 3,
In each of the program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3, it is determined whether or not there is a description of a command, that is, a control block, and among the three systems 1 to 3 in the NC lathe 10, a program description area having a description of a command is determined. Only the corresponding system is configured to be in a state where operation can be controlled in accordance with the command. Here, such a characteristic processing procedure in the NC device 24 will be described with reference to a flowchart shown in FIG.

First, the operator selects N based on the processing content and tool type specified from the completed shape of the part to be processed.
Of the three systems 1 to 3 of the C lathe 10, only commands related to machining in the system that actually performs operation control are described in the program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3 corresponding to that system. , Create and edit machining programs (step S
1). For example, in the program description example of FIG. 4, some commands are described in all of the three program description areas # 1 to # 3. These commands are used to execute operation control in each of the systems 1 to 3. Things. FIG.
In the example of the program description, the command is described only in the program description area # 1, and the command is described in the other program description area # 1.
No directives are described in 2,3. Therefore, in this machining program, the operation control is performed only by the system 1.

In the NC unit 24, such plural kinds of machining programs are stored in the RAM 112 or the ROM 114 in advance.
(FIG. 2). Then, the operator selects a desired machining program from various machining programs stored in the RAM 112 or the ROM 114 via the operation panel 26 (FIG. 1), and declares the execution of the machining program to the CPU 116 (FIG. 2). (Step S2).

After receiving the execution declaration of the machining program, C
As execution preparation processing (processing within the broken line in the figure), the PU 116 searches the description contents of the selected machining program and determines whether or not there is a description of a command in each of the program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3 (step S3 to S8), the system corresponding to the program description area determined to include the description of the command is specified as the system for performing operation control by the machining program, and the number of such systems is specified (steps S9 to S11). ). If it is determined that there is no description in any of the program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3, an alarm is activated (step S12), and the operator modifies the machining program as necessary (step S12). S1). In addition, in the flowchart of a figure,
Although the presence / absence of a command description in each of the program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3 is determined in the order of the system 1, the system 2, and the system 3, the determination may be performed in any other order. Will be understood.

Here, in view of the mechanical configuration of the NC lathe 10, machining steps controlled by the system 1 (that is, machining of the bar held on the first spindle 14 by the tool 22 on the first tool post 18) is usually performed. The process (outer diameter cutting, boring, parting-off, etc.) is the main process, and the machining process controlled by the system 2 (that is, by the tool 22 on the second tool rest 20 for the bar held on the first main shaft 14). Processing process (end face processing, etc.)
And the machining process controlled by the system 3 (that is, the second spindle 1
6. The tool 22 on the second tool rest 20 for the bar material gripped by 6.
(The back surface processing etc.) are auxiliary steps whose execution frequency decreases in this order. That is, the operation control in the other systems 2 and 3 without performing the operation control in the system 1 and the operation control in the system 3 without performing the operation control in the system 2 are performed by the NC lathe 10. It can be said that there is little necessity to assume in the ordinary machining program in. Therefore, when it is determined in step S3 that there is no command relating to the system 1, the determinations in steps S6 and S8 are omitted, and an alarm is immediately activated in step S12.
When it is determined in step S4 that there is no command related to the system 2, the control flow may be simplified such that the determination in step S7 is omitted and the control execution system 1 and the number of systems 1 are immediately specified in step S11. it can.

After specifying the systems and the number of systems required for the article processing step in steps S9 to S11, the CPU 116 sets the specified system in a state in which operation control can be executed (step S13). For example, the CPU 116 may be configured to first output an operation start signal to the servo control unit 106 (FIG. 2) only for the system specified in steps S <b> 9 to S <b> 11 when the CPU 116 performs the arithmetic processing on the machining program. Can be realized. Alternatively, in step S13, the system corresponding to the program description area determined to have no command description in steps S3 to S8 may be set to a state where operation control cannot be performed. This can be realized, for example, by configuring the CPU 116 so as not to output an operation start signal to the servo control unit 106 for a system having no description of a command when the CPU 116 performs an arithmetic process on a machining program.

After the execution preparation processing of the machining program is thus completed, the operator instructs the NC device 24 to start the execution of the machining program from, for example, the keyboard 108 (FIG. 1) on the operation panel 26 (step S14). ).
Thus, the bar is processed into a desired shape by the NC lathe 10 according to the processing program.

In the flowchart of FIG. 5, when there are a plurality of program description areas for which it is determined in steps S3 to S8 that there is a description of a command, as indicated by a dashed line,
That is, when the number of systems 3 or 2 is specified in step S9 or S10, the CPU 116 may determine the consistency between the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas (step S15). This can be realized, for example, by a configuration in which the presence of codes related to each other is searched between the instructions described in the program description areas.

More specifically, for example, in the example of the program description shown in FIG. 4, the first program described in the program description area # 1
The block [! 2.3! L1] and the block [!] On the fifth line described in the program description area # 2. 1.3L
1] and the block [!] On the fourth line described in the program description area # 3. 1! 2L1] are queuing codes related to each other (that is, to specify the other party), and
In step S15, the PU 116 determines the existence of these queuing codes in the three program description areas # 1, # 2,
Search in 3. Then, if each of the searched queuing codes is correctly described as described above, the CP
U116 determines in step S15 that the commands of the systems 1 to 3 have consistency, and proceeds to step S13. In contrast,
If the block of the correlated wait code specifying such a counterpart is not described in any program description area contrary to the specification, or if any of the wait codes is incorrectly described, In step S15, the CPU 116 determines that the commands of the systems 1 to 3 have no consistency. When it is determined that there is no consistency, an alarm is activated (step S1).
6) Then, the operator modifies the machining program as necessary (step S1).

As described above, according to the NC device 24,
In the NC lathe 10 of the three systems, even if there is a system that does not perform any operation control related to the processing in the processing program of the target part, for example, according to the required processing content and tool type, It is possible to execute a machining program in a desired system for which operation control is to be performed without inputting any (formal) command to a program description area corresponding to the system. Therefore, the input operation by the operator is facilitated, the input time is shortened, and the input error such as omission of description and the malfunction of the machine due to the input error can be prevented. Further, since the NC device 24 does not execute any processing for a system in which operation control is not performed, there is an advantage that the execution time of the machining program can be shortened as a whole.

Further, a one-system or two-system machining program created by an NC device mounted on another one-system or two-system NC lathe is described as it is in the three-system NC lathe.
The data can be input to the NC device 24 provided on the lathe 10. In this case, in the three program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3 in the NC device 24, there occurs a program description area in which no command is described. Alternatively, two processing programs can be executed without delay. Further, one system or 2 system described and described in the desired program description areas # 1, # 2, and # 3 by the NC device 24 according to the present invention.
The operation of the other one or two NC lathes can also be controlled by the system machining program. Thus, N
In the NC lathe 10 equipped with the C device 24, three systems 1
Machining work can be performed in accordance with a command input only for a system arbitrarily selected from (3) to (3). As a result, general-purpose use of a machining program and simplification of program creation work can be realized.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes and modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, the NC lathe, the NC device, and the control method according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described three-system control configuration, and can be applied to various other multi-system control configurations such as two-system and four-system.

[0065]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, in an NC device incorporated in a multifunctional NC lathe having a plurality of systems and a control method of such a multifunctional NC lathe, Even when there is a system in which operation control is not performed in the NC lathe, a machining program in a desired system can be executed without inputting any command related to the system. Therefore, the input operation by the operator can be facilitated, and the input time and the program execution time can be reduced. Further, a multi-system NC lathe provided with such an NC device incorporated therein can perform a machining operation in accordance with a command described only for a system arbitrarily selected from a plurality of systems. As a result, general-purpose use of the machining program and simplification of the program creation operation are realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an entire configuration of an NC lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an NC device incorporated in the NC lathe in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of simultaneous machining by first and second turrets in the NC lathe of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing three program description areas displaying an example of a machining program input to the NC apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an execution system determination procedure in the NC device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing three program description areas for displaying another example of a machining program input to the NC apparatus of FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing three program description areas for displaying an example of a machining program input to a conventional NC device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 10 NC lathe 14 First spindle 16 Second spindle 18 First turret 20 Second turret 22 Tool 24 NC unit 26 Operation panel 100 Input unit 102 Display unit 112 RAM 114 ROM 116: CPU $ 1, $ 2, $ 3: Program description area

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A lathe machine base, at least one main spindle installed on the lathe machine base, at least one tool rest installed on the lathe machine base, and at least one of the at least one on the lathe machine base. The operation of one spindle and the at least one tool post;
A control unit for controlling in a plurality of systems, the control device having a storage unit having a plurality of program description areas individually corresponding to each of the plurality of systems, and the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit A processing unit that reads and processes the instructions described in (1), wherein the processing unit of the control device is configured to execute the instruction description in each of the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit. A numerically controlled lathe, characterized in that the presence or absence is determined and only a system corresponding to a program description area having a description of a command among the plurality of systems is set to a state where operation can be controlled according to the command. 2. The numerical control lathe according to claim 1, wherein the processing unit of the control device outputs an operation start signal of the system corresponding to the program description area having a description of a command. 3. The processing unit of the control device, wherein, among the plurality of systems, a system corresponding to a program description area having no description of a command is set to a state where operation cannot be controlled.
Or the numerical control lathe according to 2. 4. The numerical control lathe according to claim 3, wherein the processing unit of the control device does not output an operation start signal of the system corresponding to the program description area having no description of a command. 5. The processing unit of the control device, when judging that there are a plurality of the program description areas in which instructions are described, checks the consistency between the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas. Claims 1 to 4 for further judgment
Numerically controlled lathe according to any one of the preceding claims. 6. The processing unit of the control device determines the consistency by searching for mutually related codes among commands described in the plurality of program description areas. 5. The numerically controlled lathe according to item 5. 7. A storage section of a numerically controlled lathe having a plurality of systems, the storage section having a plurality of program description areas respectively corresponding to each of the plurality of systems, and a description in the plurality of program description areas of the storage section. A processing unit that reads and processes the received command, wherein the processing unit determines whether or not the command is described in each of the plurality of program description areas of the storage unit, and the numerical control lathe Out of the plurality of systems, a system capable of responding to a program description area having a description of a command is placed in a state where operation can be controlled in accordance with the command. 8. The control device according to claim 7, wherein the processing unit outputs an operation start signal of the system that can correspond to the program description area having a description of a command. 9. The processing unit according to claim 7, wherein, among the plurality of systems of the numerically controlled lathe, a system that can correspond to a program description area in which no instruction is described cannot be operated. Control device. 10. The control device according to claim 9, wherein the processing unit does not output an operation start signal of the system that can correspond to the program description area having no instruction description. 11. When the processing unit determines that there are a plurality of program description areas in which a description of a command exists, the processing unit further determines consistency between the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas. The control device according to claim 7. 12. The processing unit according to claim 11, wherein the processing unit determines the consistency by searching for mutually related codes among the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas. Control device. 13. A method of controlling a numerically controlled lathe having at least one spindle and at least one tool post operable under control in a plurality of systems, wherein the plurality of systems individually correspond to the plurality of systems, respectively. A control device including a storage unit having a program description area is prepared, and it is determined whether or not a command is described in each of the plurality of program description areas in the storage unit of the control device. A control method, wherein only a system corresponding to a program description area determined to have a description can be controlled to operate according to the command. 14. The method according to claim 13, wherein the step of bringing only the system corresponding to the program description area determined to have the instruction description into a state in which the operation can be controlled includes outputting an operation start signal of the system. The control method described. 15. The step of bringing only a system corresponding to a program description area determined to include a command description into a state in which operation control can be performed, the program including a program determined to have no command description among the plurality of systems. 14. The method according to claim 13, further comprising setting a system corresponding to the description area to a state in which operation control cannot be performed.
Or the control method according to 14. 16. The method according to claim 15, wherein said step of bringing a system corresponding to a program description area determined to have no instruction description into a state in which operation cannot be controlled includes not outputting an operation start signal of said system. Control method. 17. The method according to claim 17, wherein in said step of determining whether or not there is a command description in each of the plurality of program description areas, when it is determined that there are a plurality of program description areas having the description of the command, said plurality of program description areas The control method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, further comprising a step of judging consistency between the instructions described in (1). 18. The step of judging the consistency between instructions described in a plurality of program description areas includes searching for mutually related codes among the instructions described in the plurality of program description areas. 18. The control method according to claim 17, comprising: