JP2002020190A - Organic fertilizer producing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic fertilizer producing apparatus which is capable of surely, efficiency and industrially separating the larvae grown from an organic fertilizer even in small spaces when the larvae are grown in organic wastes and the treatment to convert the organic wastes to the organic fertilizer is carried out. SOLUTION: This apparatus has a plurality of trays which have housing sections to house the organic wastes and are provided with creeping-out ports having a tapered shape to allow the creeping-out of the larvae grown in the organic wastes in at least portions of the circumferences of the housing sections, racks which support these trays at a prescribed pitch in a longitudinal direction to multiple steps, hoppers which are disposed to face the creeping-out ports of the trays respectively from below and accept the larvae creeping-out of the creeping-out ports and a larva housing container which is disposed lower than the hopper of the lower step and receives the larvae falling through the hopper. The hoppers are so constituted that their lower outlets are mounted at the hoppers or the racks so as to face the upper inlets of the hoppers of the lower steps.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus for growing larvae eating organic waste in the organic waste and converting the organic waste into organic fertilizer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Manure discharged from livestock such as cows, pigs and chickens, and organic wastes such as garbage, sake lees, shochu lees, and beer lees, when left undisturbed, give off a bad smell or cause pathogens. It is necessary to ensure treatment because it can be a source of pollution and cause environmental pollution.

[0003] Conventionally, organic waste has been treated by incineration, drying, stirring fermentation, and the like. However, these treatment methods require a lot of time until the treatment is performed, so that it is difficult to quickly treat the organic waste. Therefore, the above-mentioned processing method has a problem that when a large amount of organic waste is generated, the organic waste cannot be sufficiently processed. In particular, in recent years, as the livestock industry has become larger in scale, the amount of livestock excreta generated has become extremely large, and prompt and reliable treatment thereof is required.

On the other hand, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 6-1 discloses a processing method capable of promptly processing organic waste and reusing the processed waste.
No. 16073 discloses a treatment method in which larvae eating organic waste are grown in organic waste discharged from humans and animals, and this organic waste is processed into organic fertilizer.

[0005]

However, in the method for treating organic waste described in the above-mentioned publication, a process of growing larvae in organic waste and converting the organic waste into organic fertilizer is performed. After that, the grown larvae could not be efficiently and reliably separated and recovered from the organic fertilizer. Therefore, there is a problem that larvae crawl here and there while the organic waste is being treated, and furthermore, these larvae hatch and adult worms such as house flies grow abnormally.

Further, in order to surely separate the grown larvae from the organic fertilizer by the above-mentioned method for treating organic waste, for example, light, electricity, ultrasonic waves or the like are irradiated to utilize the larvae's motility. There is a need. Therefore, there is a problem that a device for separating larvae from organic fertilizer becomes large-scale, and a very large space is required as a space for installing the device. Furthermore, if the accumulation of livestock excrement as organic waste becomes prohibited by law in the future, it will be necessary to treat organic waste more and more reliably.

In view of the above, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and when larvae are grown in organic waste to convert the organic waste into organic fertilizer, even if the space is small, It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic fertilizer production apparatus capable of reliably and efficiently industrially separating larvae grown from the organic fertilizer.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, an organic fertilizer production apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as "apparatus of claim 1") consumes organic waste. An organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus for growing larvae to be grown in the organic waste and converting the organic waste into an organic fertilizer, comprising a storage section for storing the organic waste, and at least one of the surroundings of the storage section. A plurality of trays provided with tapered spill-out ports through which larvae grown in organic waste can crawl, a rack supporting these trays in a vertical direction at a predetermined pitch, and a tray for each tray. A hopper that is provided so that the crawling opening faces each from below and that receives larvae crawling from the crawling opening, and a larva that is provided below the lowermost hopper and receives larvae that fall through the hopper A vessel, said hopper,
The lower outlet is attached to a hopper or a rack so as to face the upper inlet of the lower hopper.

In the above structure, the organic waste is not particularly limited, but includes, for example, manure of livestock such as chickens, pigs and cows, shochu lees, beer lees, okara, garbage, fish ara, other foods. Waste, human dung and the like. Larvae are insect larvae having the property of eating organic waste and converting it into organic fertilizer, and include, for example, fly and beetle larvae. In particular, it is preferable to use housefly (Musca domestica) larvae as the larvae, because the life cycle until growth is short and the organic waste is efficiently decomposed.

[0010] The storage section may have any shape as long as it has a depth capable of storing organic waste, and is not particularly limited. In addition, the crawl outlet
It may be provided in any way as long as it is provided in at least a part of the periphery of the accommodation portion, but is not particularly limited, but if provided around the accommodation portion, larvae can be separated more efficiently. It is preferable because it is possible.

Further, an organic fertilizer production apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as “apparatus of claim 2”) is stored in a larva accommodating container in addition to the configuration according to claim 1. The larvae were collected at the larvae collecting part where the larvae were collected by air pressure. In the above configuration, the larva collecting means may be configured to collect the larva by suction or to collect the larva by blowing air, as long as the larva collecting means uses air pressure.

[0012]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the organic fertilizer production apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view taken in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the organic fertilizer production apparatus 1 comprises a tray 2, a hopper 3, a rack 4,
And a larva accommodating container 5. Tray 2 and hopper 3
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tray body 10 is formed integrally with the rack 4 in the state of the tray body 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. It is supposed to be.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the tray 2 has a storage section 21 and a crawl opening 22. The storage section 21 for storing the organic waste is formed of a synthetic resin such as a polyethylene resin, and as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the peripheral wall 210 is formed substantially vertically from each side of the substantially square bottom surface. It has a box-like shape with a standing upper opening. When storing the organic waste in the storage section 21, the storage is performed based on the virtual line X shown in FIG. The crawl opening 22 has an angle α of 5 to 15 ° as shown in FIG.
Are formed so as to extend outward from the four sides of the housing portion 21 in the tapered state.

As shown in FIG. 3, the hopper 3 is provided so as to surround the entire periphery of the tray 2, and the inner side wall and the outer side wall are connected by connecting members 31 at four corners. The hopper 3 is provided so as to surround the crawl port 22 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and as shown in FIG.
When the larva W crawling down along the worm 2 falls to the outside of the tray 2, an upper inlet 30A for receiving the larva so that the larva does not protrude outside is provided at an upper portion, and a lower outlet 30B is provided at a lower portion. ing.

When the tray body 10 is supported on the rack 4 in multiple stages, the hopper 3 is shown in FIGS.
, The lower outlet 30B of the upper hopper 3
However, it faces the upper entrance 30A of the lower hopper 3. Note that a larva accommodating container 5 is provided below the lowermost stage of the tray body 10 supported by the rack 4, and the lower outlet 30 </ b> B of the hopper 3 located at the lowermost stage is connected to the opening 50 of the larval accommodating container 5. It comes to face.

The rack 4 includes a frame 40 having four pillars 41 provided with casters at a lower portion thereof, and a support portion 42 for supporting the tray body 10. It can support five steps in the direction. The support portion 42 is, as shown in FIG.
The two trays 10 are provided in parallel at the same height, and can support the tray body 10 attached by sliding.

The larva accommodating container 5 is a tray 1 of the rack 4.
It is provided below the lowermost stage of the “0” and has a size that fits just inside the frame body 40, and includes a housing container main body 51 and leg portions 52 that support the housing container main body 51. The storage container main body 51 has an upper portion provided below the tray body 10 stacked on the lowermost stage of the rack 4 and having an opening for receiving larvae falling from the hopper 3 of the tray body 10 supported by the rack. The larvae received from the opening 50 can be accommodated so as not to protrude outside.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the container main body 51 has a groove-like concave portion 51A formed around the lower end of the central portion thereof.
Are provided such that the falling larva does not crawl up from both ends 51B toward the concave portion 51A, and the surface is processed so as to reduce the frictional resistance.
Therefore, the larvae accommodated in the container body 51 accumulate in the concave portion 51A.

The legs 52 are provided so as to support both ends 51B of the opening 50 from below so as to stabilize the container body 51. A suction hose 61 is attached to the concave portion 51A, as will be described later, and the larvae collected in the concave portion 51A can be collected by the larva collecting portion 62 shown in FIG. Is to be collected. In the concave portion 51A, a suction port (not shown) connected to the suction hose 61 sucks and collects the collected larvae while moving from one end of the concave portion 51A to the other end.

As shown in FIG. 5, the larva collecting means 6
A suction hose 61, a larva collecting part 62, and a pump 63 are provided. The suction hose 61 is attached so that one end thereof faces the concave portion 51A and the other end faces the larva collection part 62.

The larva collecting section 62 is formed in an airtight box shape, and has a larva collecting port 62 A facing the other end of the suction hose 61.
And an air discharge port 62B from which air is discharged by the suction force of the pump 63, and a larva storage bag 64 to be described later.
2 and a door opening 62C that allows the door 2 to be taken in and out. The larva collecting section 62 is provided with a larva storing bag 64 having a mesh structure for allowing only air to pass therethrough and preventing larvae from passing therethrough.
Can be attached.

The larva storage bag 64 is, as shown in FIG.
The larva collecting section 6 is arranged so that the other end of the suction hose 61 faces the inside of the bag.
2 mounted inside. Therefore, when the pump 63 is operated, the larva W sucked from the concave portion 51A of the housing container body 51 via the suction hose 61 is transferred to the larva storage bag 64.
And only air is discharged from the air discharge port 62B.

Next, using this organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 1,
FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show the process from the production of organic waste to the production of organic fertilizer, using the housefly larva as an example of the larva W.
It will be explained step by step. An organic waste O serving as a raw material is stored in a storage tank T, and the raw material supply pump P is used to store the organic waste O in the storage section 21 of the tray 2 of the tray body 10 shown in FIG. To supply. At this time, the water content of the organic waste O is adjusted to be 70 to 80% by weight.

A housefly egg is inoculated on the organic waste O supplied to the container 21 of the tray 2. At this time, egg I
The inoculation rate is about 13,000 per kg of organic waste. Next, as shown in FIG.
And left for 4 to 8 days in an environment of a temperature of 25 to 30 ° C. and a humidity of about 70%. As described above, the housefly larva hatched from the egg I eats and grows the organic waste O, and the organic waste O is converted into the organic fertilizer (compost) C. (Refer to FIG. 6A)

When the organic waste O is almost completely converted into the organic fertilizer C, as shown in FIG. 6B, the housefly larva W growing from the converted organic fertilizer C crawls out. It moves along the crawl opening 22 and falls out of the tray 2. Caterpillar W dropped out of tray 2
Continues to fall after being collected into the hopper 3 from the upper inlet 30A of the hopper 3, is discharged from the lower outlet 30B, and is received by the upper inlet 30A of the hopper 3 located below. By repeating the above, all the larvae W are finally accommodated in the larva accommodating container 5.

The larva W stored in the larva container 5 is
It is stored in the concave portion 51A in the collection container main body 51, and thereafter,
The larva collecting unit 62 shown in FIG. Larva collection part 6
The larva W sucked and collected in 2 is then boiled,
After weighing, bagging and boxing, they are refrigerated or frozen and shipped as larvae feed. Further, the organic fertilizer C after the larvae are separated is dried, weighed, packed in a bag and shipped.

The larval feed obtained by performing the above-described treatment contains all kinds of amino acids and has a very excellent nutritional value. Therefore, this larval feed is most suitable for feed of livestock (cows, chickens, pigs, etc.) and food for aquaculture and appreciation. In addition, the present larval feed can extract excellent nutrients and can be applied to nutrients such as livestock and medical / chemical fields.

On the other hand, the organic fertilizer obtained by performing the above-described treatment has almost no odor, keeps the soil at an optimum pH, and has an excellent soil improving effect such as excellent filterability. Therefore, it can be added to the soil where plants grow,
It is suitable for use in mushroom culture soil.

When the organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 1 is used as described above, the organic fertilizer can be converted from organic waste in a small space, and the larvae grown in the present treatment can be separated from the treated organic fertilizer. It can be easily collected. Therefore, by using the organic fertilizer production device 1, a large amount of organic waste can be rapidly and efficiently industrially treated, and the organic waste can be effectively reused. .

The organic fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 1, the tray body 10 in which the tray 2 and the hopper 3 are integrally formed is stacked on the rack 4. For example, the organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 100 shown in FIGS. Member 201 and the inner member 20 are mounted on a rack 400 on which the hopper 300 is attached.
2 may be configured to mount the tray 200 formed therefrom.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 7, the lowermost hopper 300A has a lower outlet functioning as a larva accommodating container 500 in a closed state. The larva that has fallen from 300 can be stored. In addition, hopper 3
00A is detachable from the rack 400 so that the collected larvae can be easily collected.

Further, even if the larva accommodating container is not provided with the concave portion 51A as in the larval accommodating container 5 in the above-described embodiment, any other form can be used as long as the collected larvae can be efficiently sucked and collected. You may be doing.

[0034]

As described above, the apparatus according to claim 1 can grow larvae in organic waste and convert the organic waste into organic fertilizer, even in a small space. The larvae grown from the organic fertilizer can be reliably and efficiently industrialized. In addition, in the device of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the device of claim 1, since a collecting means is provided, a large amount of larvae can be collected and collected more efficiently at one place.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of an organic fertilizer production device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a view as seen in the direction of the arrow Y in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an integrally molded product of a tray and a hopper.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line XX of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a larva collecting means.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an organic fertilizer production process.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the organic fertilizer production apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line ZZ of FIG. 7;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus 2 Tray 21 Storage part 22 Crawling outlet 3 Hopper 30A Upper entrance 30B Lower exit 4 Rack 5 Larva container 6 Larva collecting means 62 Larva collecting part

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An organic fertilizer manufacturing apparatus for growing larvae eating organic waste in said organic waste and converting said organic waste into organic fertilizer, comprising an accommodating section for accommodating said organic waste. And a plurality of trays provided with a tapered crawling port capable of crawling larvae grown in organic waste in at least a part of the periphery of the storage unit, and these trays are vertically arranged at a predetermined pitch. A rack that supports in multiple stages, a hopper that is provided so as to face the crawl opening of each tray from below, and a hopper that receives the larva crawled from the crawl opening, and is provided below the lowermost hopper,
A larval container for receiving larvae falling through a hopper, wherein the hopper is attached to a hopper or rack such that a lower outlet thereof faces an upper inlet of a lower hopper. manufacturing device. 2. The organic fertilizer production apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a larva collecting means for collecting the larvae collected in the larva accommodating container by air pressure into a larva collecting section where the larva is collected.