JP2002012417A - Activated carbon and water cleaning cartridge using the same - Google Patents

Activated carbon and water cleaning cartridge using the same

Info

Publication number
JP2002012417A
JP2002012417A JP2000190923A JP2000190923A JP2002012417A JP 2002012417 A JP2002012417 A JP 2002012417A JP 2000190923 A JP2000190923 A JP 2000190923A JP 2000190923 A JP2000190923 A JP 2000190923A JP 2002012417 A JP2002012417 A JP 2002012417A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
activated carbon
water
trihalomethanes
weight ratio
adsorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP2000190923A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Naoto Matsuo
直人 松尾
Takuma Sato
琢磨 佐藤
Yuji Hiraishi
裕二 平石
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
Original Assignee
Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd filed Critical Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
Priority to JP2000190923A priority Critical patent/JP2002012417A/en
Publication of JP2002012417A publication Critical patent/JP2002012417A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an activated carbon having excellent cleaning ability with absorbing property of hydrophobic materials such as chlorinated organic solvents like trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene and trihalomethanes, together with removing capability of hydrophilic materials such as remaining chlorine or the like, and to provide a water cleaning cartridge having excellent cleaning ability and realizing the possibilities of downsizing and low cost. SOLUTION: This activated carbon has a specific surface area of 800 to 1600 m2/g, preferably 1000 to 1400 m2/g, and contains oxygen at a ratio of 2.0 to 5.0 wt.%, preferably 3.0 to 4.5 wt.%. This water cleaning cartridge is composed of the activated carbon.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

【0001】[0001]

【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は浄水処理において、
飲料水に含まれる有害成分であるトリクロロエチレンや
テトラクロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロ
メタン類等の疎水性物質の吸着特性に優れた活性炭、及
び、塩素系有機化合物等の有害成分を取り除き安全な飲
料水を提供する浄水カートリッジに関するものである。
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a water purification treatment,
Activated carbon with excellent adsorption characteristics for chlorinated organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene and hydrophobic substances such as trihalomethanes, which are harmful components contained in drinking water, and safe drinking water by removing harmful components such as chlorinated organic compounds The present invention relates to a water purification cartridge that provides

【0002】[0002]

【従来の技術】近年、飲料用等に供される水道水は、殺
菌を目的に添加される塩素が一定濃度以上含有されてい
ることが必要で、水道法等に健康・公衆衛生の観点から
運用方法等が規定されている。添加される塩素は、殺菌
作用の他に無機物の酸化作用や有機物の酸化分解作用も
もっているため、天然有機物の一種であるフミン質等を
酸化分解する際には、発ガン性物質であるトリハロメタ
ン類を生成してしまう。さらに、水道水等に利用される
原水の水質は汚染の拡大により劣化する傾向にあり、原
水中に含まれるフミン質等も増加してきているため、塩
素の添加に伴うフミン質等の酸化分解により発生するト
リハロメタン類の濃度も増加傾向にある。
2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, tap water used for drinking water and the like must contain a certain concentration or more of chlorine added for the purpose of sterilization. The operation method is specified. The chlorine added has an oxidizing action on inorganic substances and an oxidative decomposition action on organic substances in addition to the bactericidal action. Therefore, when oxidizing and decomposing humic substances, which are a kind of natural organic substances, trihalomethane, a carcinogenic substance, is used. Create a kind. In addition, the quality of raw water used for tap water and the like tends to deteriorate due to the expansion of pollution, and the humic substances and the like contained in the raw water are also increasing. The concentration of the generated trihalomethanes also tends to increase.

【0003】一方、工場等で機械部品等の洗浄用の溶剤
として使用されるトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロロエ
チレン等の塩素系有機化合物の流出による土壌汚染が原
因となって、地下水の塩素系有機化合物による汚染も同
様に増加の傾向にある。
On the other hand, soil contamination due to the outflow of chlorinated organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene used as a solvent for cleaning machine parts and the like in factories and the like causes contamination of groundwater by chlorinated organic compounds. Tend to increase.

【0004】このため、従来から、地下水や水道水等に
含まれるトリハロメタン類及びトリクロロエチレンやテ
トラクロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物の除去手段と
して、吸着作用を有する活性炭による浄化処理が行われ
ている。
[0004] For this reason, conventionally, as a means for removing trihalomethanes and chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene contained in groundwater and tap water, a purification treatment using activated carbon having an adsorbing action has been performed.

【0005】従来の水処理用活性炭として、浄化処理対
象物の単位容量当りの吸着容量を高めるために、ヨウ素
吸着性能やメチレンブルー吸着性能等に優れる高い比表
面積を有するものが使用されている。さらに、水に含ま
れる有害物質を浄化する活性炭は親水性の高いことが望
ましいので、水蒸気等のガスや薬品で賦活されたものも
使用されている。これらの活性炭の形状として、粉末
状、破砕状、球状、粒状、繊維状の他、成形された円筒
状や円盤状、顆粒状、球状のものなどが使用されてい
る。
[0005] Conventional activated carbon for water treatment has been used which has a high specific surface area which is excellent in iodine adsorption performance, methylene blue adsorption performance, etc., in order to increase the adsorption capacity per unit capacity of the object to be purified. Furthermore, since activated carbon for purifying harmful substances contained in water is desirably highly hydrophilic, activated carbon activated with a gas such as water vapor or a chemical is used. As the shape of these activated carbons, in addition to powder, crushed, spherical, granular, and fibrous shapes, formed cylindrical, disk-shaped, granular, and spherical shapes are used.

【0006】[0006]

【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら上記従来
の活性炭及び浄水カートリッジは、以下の課題を有して
いた。
However, the above-mentioned conventional activated carbon and water purification cartridge has the following problems.

【0007】(1)水蒸気等のガスで賦活された活性炭
の表面は親水性が高いため、吸着帯を形成し吸着帯中を
被処理水が通過する浄化処理において、疎水性物質であ
るトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロロエチレン等の塩素
系有機化合物やトリハロメタン類は活性炭表面への吸着
が阻害されてしまい、親水性物質は活性炭に吸着やすい
一方で疎水性物質の接触効率が低いため、疎水性物質の
吸着量は増えないという課題を有していた。
(1) Since the surface of activated carbon activated by a gas such as water vapor has a high hydrophilicity, in a purification treatment in which an adsorption zone is formed and water to be treated passes through the adsorption zone, trichloroethylene or hydrophobic substance, which is a hydrophobic substance, is used. Adsorption of chlorine-based organic compounds such as tetrachloroethylene and trihalomethanes on the activated carbon surface is hindered, and hydrophilic substances are easily adsorbed on activated carbon, but the contact efficiency of hydrophobic substances is low, so the amount of adsorption of hydrophobic substances increases There was a problem that there is no.

【0008】(2)椰子殻等の果実殻を原料とする活性
炭は吸着浄化能力を有する細孔が広く分布しているた
め、水中に含まれる多くの種類の物質が吸着されるが、
疎水性物質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロロエ
チレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン類の吸着
浄化速度や容量に大きく寄与する特定の細孔のみを選択
的に多く設けるように調整することが困難なので、吸着
帯を形成し吸着帯中を被処理水が通過する浄化処理にお
いて、疎水性物質の浄化性能が十分に発揮されないとい
う課題を有していた。
(2) Activated carbon made from fruit husks such as coconut husks has a wide distribution of pores capable of adsorbing and purifying, so that many types of substances contained in water are adsorbed.
Since it is difficult to adjust so that only specific pores that greatly contribute to the adsorption purification rate and capacity of chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, which are hydrophobic substances, and trihalomethanes, it is difficult to adjust the adsorption band. In the purification treatment in which the water to be treated passes through the formed and adsorbed zone, there is a problem that the purification performance of the hydrophobic substance is not sufficiently exhibited.

【0009】(3)水蒸気等のガス等で賦活された親水
性の高い活性炭を充填した浄水カートリッジは、塩素系
有機化合物やトリハロメタン類等の疎水性物質に対する
浄化性能が十分に発揮されないうちに、浄化性能が劣化
して使用できなくなるという課題を有していた。
(3) A water purification cartridge filled with highly hydrophilic activated carbon activated by a gas such as water vapor or the like cannot purify a hydrophobic substance such as a chlorine-based organic compound or a trihalomethane before its sufficient purification performance is achieved. There is a problem that the purification performance is deteriorated and cannot be used.

【0010】本発明は上記従来の課題を解決するもの
で、疎水性物質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロ
ロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン類の
吸着性能と、親水性物質である残留塩素等の除去性能と
を兼ね備える、優れた浄化性能を有する活性炭を提供す
ることを目的とする。
The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has an adsorbing performance for chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as hydrophobic substances and trihalomethanes, and an ability to remove residual chlorine and the like as hydrophilic substances. It is an object of the present invention to provide an activated carbon having excellent purification performance, which has both of the above.

【0011】また、本発明は上記従来の課題を解決する
もので、疎水性物質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラ
クロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン
類の吸着性能と、親水性物質である残留塩素等の除去性
能とを兼ね備えた活性炭による優れた浄化性能を有する
とともに、小型化・低コスト化を実現することができる
浄水カートリッジを提供することを目的とする。
Further, the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and has an ability to adsorb chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as hydrophobic substances and trihalomethanes, and to remove residual chlorine and the like as hydrophilic substances. It is an object of the present invention to provide a water purification cartridge which has excellent purification performance by activated carbon having both performance and can realize miniaturization and cost reduction.

【0012】[0012]

【課題を解決するための手段】上記従来の課題を解決す
るために本発明の活性炭は、比表面積が800〜160
0m2/g、好ましくは1000〜1400m2/gで、
かつ、含有される酸素の重量比率が2.0〜5.0%、
好ましくは3.0〜4.5%である構成を有している。
In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the activated carbon of the present invention has a specific surface area of 800 to 160.
0m 2 / g, preferably 1000~1400m 2 / g,
And the weight ratio of oxygen contained is 2.0 to 5.0%,
Preferably, it has a configuration of 3.0 to 4.5%.

【0013】また、上記従来の課題を解決するために本
発明の活性炭は、比表面積が700〜1400m2
g、好ましくは800〜1200m2/gで、含有され
る酸素の重量比率が1.5〜4.8%、好ましくは2.
0〜4.0%で、かつ、原料がフェノール樹脂である構
成を有している。
In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the activated carbon of the present invention has a specific surface area of 700 to 1400 m 2 /
g, preferably 800 to 1200 m 2 / g, and the weight ratio of oxygen contained is 1.5 to 4.8%, preferably 2.
0 to 4.0%, and the raw material is a phenol resin.

【0014】この構成により、疎水性物質であるトリク
ロロエチレンやテトラクロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化
合物やトリハロメタン類の吸着性能と、親水性物質であ
る残留塩素等の除去性能とを兼ね備える、優れた浄化性
能を有する活性炭を提供することができる。
[0014] With this configuration, an excellent purification performance is achieved, which has both the performance of adsorbing chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, which are hydrophobic substances, and the performance of removing residual chlorine and the like, which are hydrophilic substances. Activated carbon can be provided.

【0015】また、上記従来の課題を解決するために本
発明の浄水カ−トリッジは、比表面積が800〜160
0m2/g、好ましくは1000〜1400m2/gで、
かつ、含有される酸素の重量比率が2.0〜5.0%、
好ましくは3.0〜4.5%である活性炭、又は、比表
面積が700〜1400m2/g、好ましくは800〜
1200m2/gで、含有される酸素の重量比率が1.
5〜4.8%、好ましくは2.0〜4.0%で、かつ、
原料がフェノール樹脂である活性炭を備えた構成を有し
ている。
Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the water purification cartridge of the present invention has a specific surface area of 800 to 160.
0m 2 / g, preferably 1000~1400m 2 / g,
And the weight ratio of oxygen contained is 2.0 to 5.0%,
Activated carbon having preferably 3.0 to 4.5%, or a specific surface area of 700 to 1400 m 2 / g, preferably 800 to 400%
At 1200 m 2 / g, the weight ratio of oxygen contained is 1.
5 to 4.8%, preferably 2.0 to 4.0%, and
The raw material has a configuration including activated carbon that is a phenol resin.

【0016】この構成により、疎水性物質であるトリク
ロロエチレンやテトラクロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化
合物やトリハロメタン類の吸着性能と、親水性物質であ
る残留塩素等の除去性能とを兼ね備えた活性炭による優
れた浄化性能を有するとともに、小型化・低コスト化を
実現することができる浄水カートリッジを提供すること
ができる。
With this configuration, an excellent purification performance by activated carbon having both the adsorption performance of chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as hydrophobic substances and trihalomethanes and the removal performance of residual chlorine and the like as hydrophilic substances. And a water purification cartridge capable of realizing size reduction and cost reduction.

【0017】[0017]

【発明の実施の形態】本発明の請求項1に記載の活性炭
は、比表面積が800〜1600m2/g、好ましくは
1000〜1400m2/gで、かつ、含有される酸素
の重量比率が2.0〜5.0%、好ましくは3.0〜
4.5%である構成を有している。
Activated carbon according to claim 1 of the embodiment of the present invention has a specific surface area of 800~1600m 2 / g, preferably 1000~1400m 2 / g, and the weight ratio of oxygen contained is 2 0.0-5.0%, preferably 3.0-5.0%
It has a configuration of 4.5%.

【0018】この構成により、活性炭表面において水素
賦活により生成され吸着作用を担う水酸基やカルボキシ
ル基のような親水性の高い官能基の親水性が、酸素重量
比が低減されることで低くなり、疎水性が高くなるた
め、疎水性物質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロ
ロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン類の
吸着性能と、親水性物質である残留塩素等の吸着性能と
を兼ね備えることができるという作用を有する。
With this configuration, the hydrophilicity of a highly hydrophilic functional group, such as a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group, which is generated by hydrogen activation on the surface of the activated carbon and is responsible for the adsorption action, is reduced by reducing the oxygen weight ratio, and the hydrophobicity is reduced. Therefore, it has the effect of being able to combine the performance of adsorbing chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as hydrophobic substances and trihalomethanes with the performance of adsorbing residual chlorine and the like as hydrophilic substances.

【0019】ここで、活性炭の比表面積としては、80
0〜1600m2/g、好ましくは1000〜1400
2/gとされる。活性炭の比表面積が1000m2/g
より小さくなるにつれ吸着性能が低下する傾向がみら
れ、1400m2/gより大きくなるにつれ活性炭の強
度が低下する傾向がみられるため、いずれも好ましくな
い。特に、活性炭の比表面積が800m2/gより小さ
くなるか、1600m2/gよりも大きくなるとこの傾
向が著しいので、いずれも好ましくない。
Here, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is 80
0 to 1600 m 2 / g, preferably 1000 to 1400
m 2 / g. Activated carbon has a specific surface area of 1000 m 2 / g
Adsorption performance tends to decrease as the size becomes smaller, and strength of activated carbon tends to decrease as the size becomes larger than 1400 m 2 / g. In particular, when the specific surface area of the activated carbon is smaller than 800 m 2 / g or larger than 1600 m 2 / g, this tendency is remarkable, and neither is preferable.

【0020】また、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率
としては、2.0〜5.0%、好ましくは3.0〜4.
5%とされる。酸素の重量比率が3.0%より小さくな
るにつれ活性炭の活性が低下し吸着性能が劣化する傾向
がみられ、4.5%より大きくなるにつれ活性炭表面の
親水性が高くなり疎水性の被浄化物質の浄化性能が低下
する傾向がみられるため、いずれも好ましくない。特
に、酸素の重量比率が2.0%より小さくなるか、5.
0%よりも大きくなるとこの傾向が著しいので、いずれ
も好ましくない。
The weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon is 2.0 to 5.0%, preferably 3.0 to 4.0%.
5%. As the weight ratio of oxygen becomes smaller than 3.0%, the activity of activated carbon tends to decrease and the adsorption performance tends to deteriorate. As the weight ratio of oxygen becomes larger than 4.5%, the hydrophilicity of the activated carbon surface increases and the hydrophobic material is purified. Since the purification performance of the substance tends to decrease, none of them is preferable. In particular, if the weight ratio of oxygen is less than 2.0%, or
If it is larger than 0%, this tendency is remarkable, and neither is preferable.

【0021】本発明の請求項2に記載の発明は、請求項
1に記載の活性炭であって、原料が椰子殻等の果実殻で
ある構成を有している。
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the activated carbon according to the first aspect, wherein the raw material is a fruit shell such as a coconut shell.

【0022】この構成により、請求項1に記載の作用に
加え、原料が椰子殻等の果実殻である活性炭は比表面積
が大きく、水中に含まれる多くの種類の物質に対して広
範な吸着特性を有しているので、親水性物質である残留
塩素等の分解除去も合わせて行うことができるという作
用を有する。
According to this configuration, in addition to the function described in claim 1, activated carbon whose raw material is a fruit shell such as coconut shell has a large specific surface area and has a wide range of adsorption characteristics for many kinds of substances contained in water. Therefore, it has an effect that decomposition and removal of residual chlorine and the like which are hydrophilic substances can be performed together.

【0023】ここで、果実殻の活性炭の原料は、椰子殻
の他に、籾殻等が用いられる。
Here, as a raw material of the activated carbon of the fruit shell, rice husk or the like is used in addition to the coconut shell.

【0024】本発明の請求項3に記載の活性炭は、比表
面積が700〜1400m2/g、好ましくは800〜
1200m2/gで、含有される酸素の重量比率が1.
5〜4.8%、好ましくは2.0〜4.0%で、かつ、
原料がフェノール樹脂である構成を有している。
The activated carbon according to claim 3 of the present invention has a specific surface area of 700 to 1400 m 2 / g, preferably 800 to 400 m 2 / g.
At 1200 m 2 / g, the weight ratio of oxygen contained is 1.
5 to 4.8%, preferably 2.0 to 4.0%, and
It has a configuration in which the raw material is a phenol resin.

【0025】この構成により、疎水性物質の活性炭表面
への吸着に大きく寄与する特定の細孔を選択的に多く備
えるように調整することで吸着速度を速くでき、活性炭
表面において水素賦活により生成され吸着作用を担う水
酸基やカルボキシル基のような親水性の高い官能基の親
水性が、酸素重量比が低減されることで低くなり、疎水
性が高くなるため、疎水性物質であるトリクロロエチレ
ンやテトラクロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリ
ハロメタン類の吸着性能と、親水性物質である残留塩素
等の除去性能とを兼ね備えることができるという作用を
有する。
According to this structure, the adsorption rate can be increased by selectively adjusting the number of specific pores that greatly contribute to the adsorption of the hydrophobic substance on the activated carbon surface, and the adsorption rate can be increased by hydrogen activation on the activated carbon surface. Since the hydrophilicity of a highly hydrophilic functional group such as a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group that performs an adsorption action is reduced by reducing the oxygen weight ratio, and the hydrophobicity is increased, a hydrophobic substance such as trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene is used. Has the effect of having both the ability to adsorb chlorine-based organic compounds and trihalomethanes and the ability to remove residual chlorine, which is a hydrophilic substance.

【0026】ここで、活性炭の比表面積としては、70
0〜1400m2/g、好ましくは800〜1200m2
/gとされる。活性炭の比表面積が800m2/gより
小さくなるにつれ吸着性能が低下する傾向がみられ、1
200m2/gより大きくなるにつれ活性炭の強度が低
下する傾向がみられるため、いずれも好ましくない。特
に、活性炭の比表面積が700m2/gより小さくなる
か、1400m2/gよりも大きくなるとこの傾向が著
しいので、いずれも好ましくない。
Here, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is 70
0 to 1400 m 2 / g, preferably 800 to 1200 m 2
/ G. As the specific surface area of the activated carbon becomes smaller than 800 m 2 / g, the adsorption performance tends to decrease.
Since the strength of the activated carbon tends to decrease as it exceeds 200 m 2 / g, neither is preferred. In particular, when the specific surface area of the activated carbon is smaller than 700 m 2 / g or larger than 1400 m 2 / g, this tendency is remarkable, and neither is preferable.

【0027】また、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率
としては、1.5〜4.8%、好ましくは2.0〜4.
0%とされる。酸素の重量比率が2.0%より小さくな
るにつれ活性炭の活性が低下し吸着性能が低下する傾向
がみられ、4.0%より大きくなるにつれ活性炭表面の
親水性が高くなり疎水性の被浄化物質の浄化性能が低下
する傾向がみられるため、いずれも好ましくない。特
に、酸素の重量比率が1.5%より小さくなるか、4.
8%よりも大きくなるとこの傾向が著しいので、いずれ
も好ましくない。
The weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon is 1.5 to 4.8%, preferably 2.0 to 4.0%.
0%. As the oxygen weight ratio becomes smaller than 2.0%, the activity of the activated carbon tends to decrease, and the adsorption performance tends to decrease. As the oxygen ratio becomes more than 4.0%, the hydrophilicity of the activated carbon surface increases, and the hydrophobic material is purified. Since the purification performance of the substance tends to decrease, none of them is preferable. In particular, if the weight percentage of oxygen is less than 1.5%;
If it is more than 8%, this tendency is remarkable, and neither is preferable.

【0028】本発明の請求項4に記載の浄水カートリッ
ジは、請求項1乃至3の内いずれか1に記載の活性炭を
備えた構成を有している。
A water purification cartridge according to a fourth aspect of the present invention has a structure provided with the activated carbon according to any one of the first to third aspects.

【0029】この構成により、疎水性物質であるトリク
ロロエチレンやテトラクロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化
合物やトリハロメタン類の吸着性能と、親水性物質であ
る残留塩素等の除去性能とを兼ね備えた活性炭による優
れた浄化性能を有するとともに、活性炭の充填量が少な
くて済むため、浄水カートリッジの小型化・低コスト化
が実現できるという作用を有する。
With this configuration, excellent purification performance by activated carbon having both the adsorption performance of chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as hydrophobic substances and trihalomethanes and the performance of removing residual chlorine and the like as hydrophilic substances. In addition to having a small amount of activated carbon, the water purifying cartridge can be reduced in size and cost.

【0030】[0030]

【実施例】以下、本発明を、試料の作成、試験例及び実
施例を用いて具体的に説明する。
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to sample preparation, test examples and examples.

【0031】(a)石炭を原料とし、水蒸気によるガス
賦活処理を行った比表面積が800〜1600m2
g、最大径が60メッシュから150メッシュの活性
炭、(b)椰子殻を原料とし、水蒸気によるガス賦活処
理を行った比表面積が800〜1600m2/g、最大
径が60メッシュから150メッシュの活性炭につい
て、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率を調整するため
に加熱処理を行った。加熱処理の温度は350〜800
℃であり、加熱処理の雰囲気は窒素やアルゴン等の不活
性ガス中であった。加熱処理を行って酸素の重量比率を
2.0%〜6.0%に調整した活性炭を、容量200m
l、厚さ100mmの円筒形カラムに充填して、試験用
の試料(a)及び(b)を作成した。
(A) Using coal as a raw material and subjecting to gas activation treatment with steam, the specific surface area is 800 to 1600 m 2 /
g, activated carbon having a maximum diameter of 60 to 150 mesh, (b) activated carbon having a specific surface area of 800 to 1600 m 2 / g and a maximum diameter of 60 to 150 mesh obtained by subjecting a coconut shell to a raw material and performing gas activation treatment with water vapor. Was subjected to a heat treatment in order to adjust the weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon. The temperature of the heat treatment is 350 to 800
° C and the atmosphere of the heat treatment was in an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. Activated carbon whose heat treatment was performed to adjust the weight ratio of oxygen to 2.0% to 6.0% was introduced to a capacity of 200 m.
1, packed into a cylindrical column having a thickness of 100 mm to prepare test samples (a) and (b).

【0032】ここで、加熱処理の温度は350〜800
℃としたが、加熱処理の温度が350℃よりも低くなる
と反応の進行が著しく遅くなるため実用的ではなく、8
00℃よりも高くなると活性炭の炭素が気化して活性炭
の機械強度が低下するばかりでなく、加熱処理された活
性炭の重量や容積が減少するため、いずれも好ましくな
い。
Here, the temperature of the heat treatment is 350 to 800
However, if the temperature of the heat treatment is lower than 350 ° C., the progress of the reaction is remarkably slowed down.
If the temperature is higher than 00 ° C., not only is the carbon of the activated carbon vaporized and the mechanical strength of the activated carbon is lowered, but also the weight and volume of the heat-treated activated carbon are reduced.

【0033】(c)フェノール樹脂を原料とし、水蒸気
によるガス賦活処理を行った比表面積が700〜140
0m2/g、最大径が60メッシュから150メッシュ
の活性炭について、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率
を調整するために加熱処理を行った。加熱処理の温度は
350〜800℃であり、加熱処理の雰囲気は窒素やア
ルゴン等の不活性ガス中であった。加熱処理を行って酸
素の重量比率を1.2%〜5.2%に調整した活性炭
を、容量200ml、厚さ100mmの円筒形カラムに
充填して、試験用の試料(c)を作成した。
(C) A phenol resin is used as a raw material, and a gas-activated treatment with water vapor has a specific surface area of 700 to 140.
With respect to activated carbon having 0 m 2 / g and a maximum diameter of 60 to 150 mesh, a heat treatment was performed to adjust the weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon. The temperature of the heat treatment was 350 to 800 ° C., and the atmosphere of the heat treatment was in an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon. Activated carbon whose heat treatment was performed to adjust the weight ratio of oxygen to 1.2% to 5.2% was filled in a cylindrical column having a capacity of 200 ml and a thickness of 100 mm to prepare a test sample (c). .

【0034】ここで、加熱処理の温度は350〜700
℃としたが、加熱処理の温度が350℃よりも低くなる
と反応の進行が著しく遅くなるため実用的ではなく、7
00℃よりも高くなると活性炭の炭素が気化して活性炭
の機械強度が低下するばかりでなく、加熱処理された活
性炭の重量や容積が減少するため、いずれも好ましくな
い。
Here, the temperature of the heat treatment is 350-700.
However, if the temperature of the heat treatment is lower than 350 ° C., the progress of the reaction is remarkably slowed down.
If the temperature is higher than 00 ° C., not only is the carbon of the activated carbon vaporized and the mechanical strength of the activated carbon is reduced, but also the weight and volume of the heat-treated activated carbon are reduced.

【0035】また、(a)(b)及び(c)の試料の作
成において、加熱処理の雰囲気に窒素やアルゴン等の不
活性ガスを使用したのは反応速度を制御しやすいからで
あるが、還元性を有する一酸化炭素ガスや窒素を含有す
るガス、又は酸化性の空気や酸素を含むガスを使用する
場合もある。
In the preparation of the samples (a), (b) and (c), an inert gas such as nitrogen or argon was used for the heat treatment atmosphere because the reaction rate was easy to control. In some cases, a gas containing reducing carbon monoxide gas or nitrogen, or a gas containing oxidizing air or oxygen may be used.

【0036】また、(a)(b)及び(c)の試料の作
成において、活性炭表面の微細孔を作り出すために水蒸
気によるガス賦活処理を行ったが、脱水及び炭化を促進
する水酸化ナトリウム等の薬品の水溶液と混合した後に
焼成して薬品を取り除く薬品賦活処理を行う場合もあ
る。
In the preparation of the samples (a), (b) and (c), a gas activation treatment with steam was performed to create micropores on the surface of the activated carbon, but sodium hydroxide or the like which promotes dehydration and carbonization was used. In some cases, a chemical activation treatment for removing the chemical by baking after mixing with an aqueous solution of the chemical may be performed.

【0037】なお、作成した試料の酸素の重量比率は、
有機質量分析器を用いたC,H,O,Nの組成分析によ
って測定した。
The weight ratio of oxygen in the prepared sample is as follows:
It was measured by C, H, O, N composition analysis using an organic mass spectrometer.

【0038】(試験例1)活性炭とφ0.2μmの細孔
を有する中空糸膜フィルタにより構成された浄水フィル
タによって浄化処理された水道水にトリハロメタン類を
100ppb添加したものを試験原水とし、この試験原
水をSV値900で試料(a)(b)及び(c)に通過
させた。試料通過前後の試験原水をパージ・アンド・ト
ラップ法で濃縮処理し、ガスクロマトグラフ重量分析装
置でトリハロメタン類の濃度を定量測定した。試料通過
前の試験原水に対する試料通過後の試験原水のトリハロ
メタン類の濃度が、20%以上になる点を破過点とし、
このときを活性炭の寿命とした。このときまでに通過し
た被処理水量を活性炭の浄化処理水量として、試料
(a)(b)及び(c)の酸素量と浄化処理水量との関
係を図1、図2及び図3に示した。図1は第1試験例に
おける活性炭に含有される酸素量と浄化処理水量の関係
を示す図、図2は第2試験例における活性炭に含有され
る酸素量と浄化処理水量の関係を示す図、図3は第3試
験例における活性炭に含有される酸素量と浄化処理水量
の関係を示す図である。
(Test Example 1) Test water was prepared by adding 100 ppb of trihalomethanes to tap water purified by a water purification filter composed of activated carbon and a hollow fiber membrane filter having pores of 0.2 μm in diameter. Raw water was passed through samples (a), (b) and (c) at an SV value of 900. The test raw water before and after passing the sample was concentrated by a purge and trap method, and the concentration of trihalomethanes was quantitatively measured by a gas chromatograph gravimetric analyzer. The breakthrough point is defined as the point at which the concentration of trihalomethanes in the test raw water after passing through the sample becomes 20% or more relative to the test raw water before passing through the sample.
This time was defined as the life of the activated carbon. The relationship between the oxygen amounts of the samples (a), (b) and (c) and the amount of purified water is shown in FIGS. . FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of oxygen contained in activated carbon and the amount of purified water in the first test example, and FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of oxygen contained in activated carbon and the amount of purified water in the second test example. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of oxygen contained in activated carbon and the amount of purified water in the third test example.

【0039】図1から、石炭を原料とする活性炭(a)
におけるトリハロメタン類を含む試験原水の浄化処理水
量は、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率が2.0〜
5.0%、特に3.0〜4.5%の範囲において高くな
ることがわかった。
FIG. 1 shows that activated carbon made from coal (a)
The amount of purified raw water containing trihalomethanes in the purification treatment of the amount of oxygen contained in the activated carbon is 2.0 to 2.0
It was found to be high in the range of 5.0%, especially in the range of 3.0 to 4.5%.

【0040】図2から、椰子殻を原料とする活性炭
(b)におけるトリハロメタン類を含む試験原水の浄化
処理水量は、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率が2.
0〜5.0%、特に3.0〜4.5%の範囲において高
くなることがわかった。
FIG. 2 shows that the amount of purified raw water containing trihalomethanes in the activated carbon (b) made from coconut husks is determined by the weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon to 2.50%.
It turned out that it becomes high in the range of 0-5.0%, especially 3.0-4.5%.

【0041】図3から、フェノール樹脂を原料とする活
性炭(c)におけるトリハロメタン類を含む試験原水の
浄化処理水量は、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率が
1.5〜4.8%、特に2.0〜4.0%の範囲におい
て高くなることがわかった。
FIG. 3 shows that the amount of purified raw water containing trihalomethanes in the activated carbon (c) made of phenolic resin is 1.5 to 4.8% by weight of oxygen contained in the activated carbon, especially It turned out that it becomes high in the range of 2.0-4.0%.

【0042】(実施例1)上記の石炭を原料とする活性
炭(a)のうち、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率が
2.0〜5.0%のものを、第1実施例の活性炭とし
た。
(Example 1) Of the activated carbon (a) using coal as a raw material, the activated carbon having a weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon of 2.0 to 5.0% was used as the activated carbon of the first example. And

【0043】(実施例2)上記の椰子殻を原料とする活
性炭(b)のうち、活性炭に含有される酸素の重量比率
が2.0〜5.0%のものを、第2実施例の活性炭とし
た。
(Example 2) Of the above activated carbon (b) made from coconut shell, the activated carbon (b) having a weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon of 2.0 to 5.0% was used in the second embodiment. Activated carbon was used.

【0044】(実施例3)上記のフェノール樹脂を原料
とする活性炭(c)のうち、活性炭に含有される酸素の
重量比率が1.5〜4.8%のものを、第3実施例の活
性炭とした。
Example 3 Of the activated carbon (c) using the above-mentioned phenolic resin as a raw material, the activated carbon having a weight ratio of oxygen contained in the activated carbon of 1.5 to 4.8% was used in the third example. Activated carbon was used.

【0045】(試験例2)別々の容器に第1実施例、第
2実施例及び第3実施例の活性炭各々50mgと、活性
炭とφ0.2μmの細孔を有する中空糸膜フィルタによ
り構成された浄水フィルタによって浄化処理された水道
水にトリハロメタン類を100ppb添加した試験原水
20mlずつとを入れ、密栓をして放置した。一定時間
放置した後、各試験原水のトリハロメタン類の濃度を、
ヘッド・スペース法によりガスクロマトグラフ分析装置
で定量測定した。図4に放置時間と試験原水のトリハロ
メタン類の濃度との関係を示した。図4は第1実施例、
第2実施例及び第3実施例における活性炭の試験原水中
への放置時間と試験原水中のトリハロメタン類の濃度と
の関係を示す図である。
(Test Example 2) Each of the activated carbons of the first, second and third embodiments was composed of 50 mg each in a separate container, activated carbon and a hollow fiber membrane filter having pores of φ0.2 μm. 20 ml of test raw water to which 100 ppb of trihalomethanes were added was added to tap water purified by a water purification filter, and sealed, and the mixture was allowed to stand. After standing for a certain period of time, the concentration of trihalomethanes in each test raw water was
Quantitative measurement was performed with a gas chromatograph analyzer by the head space method. FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the standing time and the concentration of trihalomethanes in the test raw water. FIG. 4 shows a first embodiment,
It is a figure which shows the relationship between the leaving time of the activated carbon in test raw water and the concentration of trihalomethanes in test raw water in 2nd Example and 3rd Example.

【0046】図4から、経過時間と共に試験原水に含ま
れるトリハロメタン類の濃度は減少していることがわか
った。活性炭がトリハロメタン類を吸着していることを
示しているが、フェノール樹脂を原料にした第3実施例
の活性炭は、第1実施例及び第2実施例の活性炭に比
べ、その吸着速度が著しく速いことがわかった。
From FIG. 4, it was found that the concentration of trihalomethanes contained in the test raw water decreased with the lapse of time. This shows that the activated carbon adsorbs trihalomethanes. However, the activated carbon of the third embodiment using a phenolic resin as a raw material has a significantly faster adsorption rate than the activated carbons of the first and second embodiments. I understand.

【0047】[0047]

【発明の効果】以上のように本発明の活性炭及びそれを
用いた浄水カートリッジによれば、以下のような有利な
効果が得られる。
As described above, according to the activated carbon of the present invention and the water purification cartridge using the same, the following advantageous effects can be obtained.

【0048】請求項1に記載の発明によれば、疎水性物
質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロロエチレン等
の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン類の吸着性能と、
親水性物質である残留塩素等の除去性能とを兼ね備える
活性炭を提供することができる。
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the performance of adsorbing chlorine-based organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene as hydrophobic substances and trihalomethanes is improved.
It is possible to provide an activated carbon having both the performance of removing residual chlorine and the like that is a hydrophilic substance.

【0049】請求項2に記載の発明によれば、請求項1
の効果に加え、原料が椰子殻等の果実殻である活性炭は
比表面積が大きく、水中に含まれる多くの種類の物質に
対して広範な吸着特性を有しているので、親水性物質で
ある残留塩素等の分解除去も合わせて行うことができる
活性炭を提供することができる。
According to the invention described in claim 2, according to claim 1
In addition to the effect of activated carbon, activated carbon, which is made of fruit shells such as coconut shells, is a hydrophilic substance because it has a large specific surface area and has a wide range of adsorption characteristics for many types of substances contained in water. It is possible to provide an activated carbon that can also perform decomposition and removal of residual chlorine and the like.

【0050】請求項3に記載の発明によれば、疎水性物
質の活性炭表面への吸着に大きく寄与する特定の細孔を
選択的に多く備えるように調整することで吸着速度を速
くでき、疎水性物質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラ
クロロエチレン等の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン
類の吸着性能と、親水性物質である残留塩素等の除去性
能とを兼ね備えることができる活性炭を提供することが
できる。
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the adsorption speed can be increased by selectively providing a large number of specific pores which greatly contribute to the adsorption of the hydrophobic substance on the activated carbon surface. It is possible to provide an activated carbon having both the ability to adsorb chlorinated organic compounds such as trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene, which are hydrophilic substances, and the ability to adsorb trihalomethanes, and the ability to remove residual chlorine, which is a hydrophilic substance.

【0051】請求項4に記載の発明によれば、疎水性物
質であるトリクロロエチレンやテトラクロロエチレン等
の塩素系有機化合物やトリハロメタン類の吸着性能と、
親水性物質である残留塩素等の除去性能とを兼ね備えた
活性炭による優れた浄化性能を有するとともに、活性炭
の充填量が少なくて済むため、小型化・低コスト化が実
現できる浄水カートリッジを提供することができる。
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the adsorption performance of a chlorine-based organic compound such as trichloroethylene or tetrachloroethylene as a hydrophobic substance or trihalomethanes is improved.
To provide a water purification cartridge that has excellent purification performance by activated carbon having both performance of removing residual chlorine, which is a hydrophilic substance, and requires only a small amount of activated carbon, so that downsizing and cost reduction can be realized. Can be.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of the drawings]

【図1】第1試験例における活性炭に含有される酸素量
と浄化処理水量の関係を示す図
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of oxygen contained in activated carbon and the amount of purified water in a first test example.

【図2】第2試験例における活性炭に含有される酸素量
と浄化処理水量の関係を示す図
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of oxygen contained in activated carbon and the amount of purified water in a second test example.

【図3】第3試験例における活性炭に含有される酸素量
と浄化処理水量の関係を示す図
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the amount of oxygen contained in activated carbon and the amount of purified water in a third test example.

【図4】第1実施例、第2実施例及び第3実施例におけ
る活性炭の試験原水中への放置時間と試験原水中のトリ
ハロメタン類の濃度との関係を示す図
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the standing time of activated carbon in test raw water and the concentration of trihalomethanes in test raw water in the first, second, and third embodiments.

───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 平石 裕二 大阪府門真市大字門真1006番地 松下電器 産業株式会社内 Fターム(参考) 4D024 AA02 AB11 BA02 CA04 CA11 4G046 HA01 HA03 HA05 HB05 HB07 HC09 HC14 4G066 AA05A AA05B BA26 BA50 CA31 CA33 DA07 GA06  ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Hiraishi 1006 Kazuma Kadoma, Osaka Prefecture Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 4D024 AA02 AB11 BA02 CA04 CA11 4G046 HA01 HA03 HA05 HB05 HB07 HC09 HC14 4G066 AA05A AA05B BA26 BA50 CA31 CA33 DA07 GA06

Claims (4)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 【請求項1】比表面積が800〜1600m2/g、好
ましくは1000〜1400m2/gで、かつ、含有さ
れる酸素の重量比率が2.0〜5.0%、好ましくは
3.0〜4.5%であることを特徴とする活性炭。
1. A specific surface area 800~1600m 2 / g, preferably 1000~1400m 2 / g, and a weight ratio of 2.0 to 5.0% of oxygen-containing, preferably 3.0 to Activated carbon characterized by being 4.5%.
【請求項2】原料が椰子殻等の果実殻であることを特徴
とする請求項1に記載の活性炭。
2. The activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein the raw material is a fruit shell such as a coconut shell.
【請求項3】比表面積が700〜1400m2/g、好
ましくは800〜1200m2/gで、含有される酸素
の重量比率が1.5〜4.8%、好ましくは2.0〜
4.0%で、かつ、原料がフェノール樹脂であることを
特徴とする活性炭。
3. The specific surface area is from 700 to 1,400 m 2 / g, preferably from 800 to 1,200 m 2 / g, and the weight ratio of oxygen contained is from 1.5 to 4.8%, preferably from 2.0 to 2.0 m 2 / g.
Activated carbon characterized in that it is 4.0% and the raw material is a phenol resin.
【請求項4】請求項1乃至3の内いずれか1に記載の活
性炭を備えていることを特徴とする浄水カートリッジ。
4. A water purification cartridge comprising the activated carbon according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
JP2000190923A 2000-06-26 2000-06-26 Activated carbon and water cleaning cartridge using the same Pending JP2002012417A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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US8205755B2 (en) 2006-03-22 2012-06-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Filter media

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8205755B2 (en) 2006-03-22 2012-06-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Filter media

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