JP2001328713A - Method and apparatus for physical distribution control - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus which can trace the combination of a cargo to be distributed with a carrying vehicle, or the combination of the cargo with a warehouse on the real time basis, and enable the physical distribution make including the estimation of the delivery time of the cargo, the search for the missing cargo, the efficiency distribution and storage, and the joint distribution by using a simple and inexpensive radio tag. SOLUTION: In the method and apparatus for the physical distribution control, this radio tag has only a weak radio wave transmitting means for transmitting the signal of the specific ID discrimination number in the substantially same frequency zone, the radio tag is fitted to the cargo to be transferred in an attachable/detachable manner, a carrying device for carrying the cargo or a storage device for storing the cargo has a receiving means for receiving the signal from the cargo and a position information acquiring means for acquiring and checking the position information on the carrying device or the storage device, the signal of the ID discrimination number of the cargo and the position information of the cargo are coupled with each other and transmitted to a physical distribution control device, and the present status of the cargo is specified from the ID discrimination number of the cargo and the history of the position information.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention belongs to the technical field of logistics management in which a simple wireless tag is attached to a package to be transferred and the package is managed in real time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, logistics management of transported luggage and the like has been disclosed in
As proposed in JP-A-6-191612, the mobile terminal on the delivery vehicle and the terminal of the management center are connected to the public telephone network, and when new luggage occurs, the registration terminal notifies the management center of the occurrence. There is known a logistics management system in which registration is performed, and a management center selects and determines the most efficient delivery vehicle and uses the public telephone network to connect and instruct the mobile terminal of the delivery vehicle in order to perform delivery.

As proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-6846, signals such as ID code, temperature information, and power consumption information for each container are transmitted by an optical transmitter provided for each container, and the transmission is performed. The signal is received by the optical receiver installed in the vehicle,
The received information signal is stored in the on-board memory device installed in the vehicle, and the information processing of the abnormal signal is performed, and the container information signal or the abnormal alarm signal is transmitted from the antenna via the on-vehicle satellite communication terminal installed in the vehicle. The information signal transmitted from the antenna is transmitted from the terrestrial radio communication means via the communication satellite through the route of the distribution management center, or a certain amount of information stored in the in-vehicle memory device is stored. There is also known a remote logistics monitoring method for transmitting and receiving information between a distribution management center via a modem and a telephone line.

[0004]

However, in the invention disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-91612, the problem that the operator of the delivery vehicle has to input the delivered package to the mobile terminal every time is required. There was a point.
Also, the invention of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-6846 is aimed at high-quality logistics management equipped with a generator and the like, and an optical transmitter provided in a container has an ID code for each container, temperature information,
Since it transmits a signal such as power consumption information, a relatively expensive transmitter is required, which is not suitable for general distribution management of delivery parcels and the like.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and has as its object to use a simple and inexpensive wireless tag to track in real time the dispersed luggage and transport vehicle or luggage and warehouse coupling. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and an apparatus capable of predicting the delivery time of a package, searching for a lost package, improving the efficiency of delivery and storage, and performing distribution management such as joint delivery.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a wireless tag having only a weak transmitter for transmitting a signal of a unique ID identification number in substantially the same frequency band. And a receiving device for receiving a signal from the package in a transport device for transporting the package or a storage device for storing the RFID tag, the transport device or the storage device. It has position information acquisition means for acquiring and confirming the position information of the device, combining the signal of the package ID identification number and the position information and transmitting the combined information to the physical distribution management device, and the physical distribution management device This is a physical distribution management method for specifying the current state of the package from the history of the position information. In order to solve the above problem, an invention according to claim 2 is a wireless tag having only a weak transmission function of transmitting a signal of a unique ID identification number in substantially the same frequency band, and transferring the wireless tag. Acquires and confirms the position information of the transport device or the storage device together with the receiving device that is detachably attached to the package to be transported and that receives the signal from the package in the transport device that transports the package or the storage device that stores the package. It has location information acquisition means, and has a luggage ID
The signal of the identification number and the position information are combined and transmitted to the physical distribution management device, and the physical distribution management device is a physical distribution management device for specifying the current state of the package from the history of the ID identification number of the package and the positional information. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the physical distribution management device transmits a signal of a package ID number and position information from a plurality of different management organizations to each organization via the Internet. The distribution management method according to claim 1, wherein the lower-level server collects and analyzes the upper-level server, and returns an analysis result to the transport device or the storage device via the lower-level server again. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the wireless tag uses a built-in battery for electromotive force to amplitude-modulate a carrier with an ID identification number in the wireless tag and transmit the modulated signal. And having a weak transmitting means for transmitting at a shorter time interval than the above-mentioned transmission interval by induced radio wave power when removed from the luggage, and detecting the weak radio wave at the short time interval to detect the wireless tag. 2. The physical distribution management method according to claim 1, further comprising: a detachment determination unit that performs a detachment determination. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that the wireless tag transmits a signal by amplitude modulating a carrier with an ID identification number in the wireless tag by using an electromotive force of a built-in battery. A detachable determination means for storing in a storage device which is electromagnetically shielded when removed from the luggage, and detecting whether or not the weak radio wave is blocked to determine whether or not the wireless tag is to be removed. The physical distribution management method described in 1.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Here, a description will be given of a physical distribution management system which is a premise of the present invention. The essence of the present invention is that a flow of unintended luggage (goods) is online on a nationwide scale in a wide area. It is a logistics management system that enables tracking, where luggage etc. are carried by transport means such as delivery vehicles (carriers),
It is a logistics management system that keeps track of the combination of this delivery vehicle and luggage, and the warehouse and luggage in real time, as it is stored in a warehouse (storage), etc., and accurately grasps the current status of luggage, delivery vehicles and warehouses. . To build this system, the following functions are required. That is, (1) the delivery vehicle (carrier) must read a plurality of packages (items) at the same time. (2) Since the delivery car and the luggage are not connected by a string, it is difficult to accurately grasp the pair, and the means other than the string is wireless (microwave, light, ultrasonic, etc.)
Since this is essentially a broadcast, it is difficult to use it exclusively for your own delivery vehicle. To solve this,
There is a means to selectively receive ID (CDMA is a common means)
However, for this purpose, as described in the related art, a meeting communication such as a mobile terminal or a mobile phone is required and a receiving function is required, but the wireless tag attached to an object must have such a communication protocol. Is not advisable from the viewpoint of manufacturing cost and power consumption, and requires a device that is inexpensive and consumes little power. (3) Wireless tags are classified into those that are stored, those that are affixed to luggage and are distributed, and those that are removed from the luggage and are being distributed. Must.

From the above viewpoints, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies and found that only a combination of an inexpensive wireless tag having only the function of transmitting an ID identification signal at substantially the same frequency and the position information of a delivery vehicle provides: Any company (organization) whose business is logistics can join. (2) The delivery status can be grasped in real time, and delivery confirmation and erroneous delivery or loss can be determined at an early stage. (3) The position of the delivery vehicle and the delivery / loading status at the current time can be grasped, and joint delivery and sale of empty space can be managed online. We have come up with a distribution management system that can build a distribution network such as.

[Embodiment 1] Hereinafter, a specific configuration of a first embodiment suitable for the present invention will be described. [Outline of distribution network] An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows an outline of an entire system conforming to the present invention, and includes delivery vehicles A1, A2, A3 and a warehouse A4. A wireless tag 1 (a1-ax-am-an) that transmits a unique ID identification number at the same frequency is attached to the package. here,
(1) All the wireless tags 1 have a unique ID identification number and can be collected and used. (2) The wireless tag 1 transmits its own ID identification number at random intervals to avoid collisions. (3) The transmission mode has two modes, far and near, but (4)
In the far mode, radio waves are transmitted using the primary battery. The wireless communication means detects tags within a radius of 50 m. (5) In the near mode, radio waves are transmitted passively when the wireless tag 1 is removed from the package. It is used as the information that the delivery has been completed, but the operator is obliged to perform this work as a delivery proof. However, the contents of the package in the delivery car and the unique ID identification number are collated, but as will be described later, in order to reduce the cost, the wireless tag 1 (a1 to an) has a simple configuration, It is premised that there is also a wireless tag 1 of another delivery vehicle or the same ID identification number as that of another company's wireless tag 1.

In the delivery vehicles A1, A2, A3 and the warehouse A4, wireless communication devices b1, b2, b3, b4 such as mobile phones are arranged, and they are mounted on delivery vehicles such as trucks and moved, or installed in warehouses and the like. These wireless communication devices have a GPS circuit for detecting position information by latitude and longitude, and grasp the ID identification number of the wireless tag 1 received by the wireless communication device, and The location information and the base station c1 are transmitted to these base stations.
The information received by c1 is transmitted to a lower server installed by each company as a management device. At this time, the wireless communication device placed on the delivery vehicle operates the wireless tag 1
For the time being, the wireless communication means periodically detects the ID identification number of the detected wireless tag 1 and its own position via a wireless communication device b such as a mobile phone and a lower server belonging to the company on the Internet. Send that information to d. Then, an upper server e that supervises each company is placed above the lower servers d1 (company A) and d2 (company B) of each company, and the above data is collected from all the lower servers d1 and d2, and the above data up to the current time is collected. History of the wireless communication devices b1, b2,
Estimate the pair of delivery car and package where b3 is located. That is, the wireless communication means arranged in the delivery vehicle also receives the wireless tag 1 other than our company in the far mode, but the travel route of each delivery vehicle is hardly exactly the same. The combination of the delivery vehicle and the package can be specified from the information on the combination of the wireless tags 1. The results are sent to the lower servers d1 and d2 of each company, and the lower servers d1 and d2 read the estimation result from the upper server e, and can grasp the movement of the luggage and the vacant state of the delivery vehicle in real time, and the base station c1 It can transmit information and commands to the wireless communication devices b1, b2, b3, and b4 of the delivery vehicles via the server, and can use it for their own physical distribution management.

Next, each configuration of the first embodiment will be described more specifically. [Wireless Tag] The wireless tag 1 according to the present invention has no receiving function. The reason is that if the receiving function is provided, it is possible to determine the connection between the wireless communication means and the wireless tag 1 by applying a two-way communication technology in public mobile communication. This results in a large circuit load and power consumption, which is economically disadvantageous, and is disadvantageous in terms of failure due to severe use environment and life of the built-in primary battery. The ID information is configured to be electrically unrewritable from the outside. The wireless tag 1 has a slightly thick card-like shape, and has two transmitting modes, a near-far mode and a far-mode configuration, which transmits a carrier wave of a predetermined frequency and uses an active system using a battery. And the ID in the wireless tag 1 using the electromotive force of the built-in battery.
The identification number is transmitted by modulating the amplitude of the carrier wave, and the transmission power in this mode is set to a reach of about 50 m, although it is weak. In addition, the near mode is a passive method that does not use a battery, and is a transmitter that operates only when power is supplied from an antenna by approaching a lead box,
The transmission power is extremely weak and the reach is limited to about 1 m,
Other configurations are the same as those in the far mode.

A circuit configuration of the wireless tag 1 having the two modes of near and far will be described with reference to FIG. Far mode is 1
It is operated by the secondary battery 13 but is connected to the primary battery 7 by the switch circuit 14 unless power is supplied in the near mode. Then, a switch circuit 16 is controlled by a random number generator circuit 15 to supply a carrier wave of a specific frequency by energizing the primary battery 13 for a short period of time at random, and to increase the interval in the far mode to increase the primary battery.
13 wear is minimized. Note that the random number generator circuit 15 uses a random number control circuit 22 so that the interval from connection to connection is 1 to
It is set to 5 minutes. While energized, a switch circuit 18 that opens and closes the loop antenna 12 according to the polarity of the pulse read from the ROM circuit 17 that stores information obtained by detecting and encoding the ID identification number, and a first circuit in both the near and far modes The switching circuit 20 that opens and closes the signal of the oscillation circuit 19 in which the carrier wave is generated, the switching circuit 20 only when these switching circuits are connected.
A weak radio wave with a reach of about m is transmitted.

The switch circuit 18 is configured to turn on / off the carrier wave according to the ID information bit, and simply modulates the amplitude of the carrier wave. Then, the ID information cannot be read accurately.
The collision can be determined by error detection, and when the collision is detected, the read data is discarded. Collisions occur stochastically, and ID information is read after waiting for non-collisions. By the way, there is CDMA as an effective signal system for avoiding collision, but since the number of wireless tags 1 to be managed is enormous,
It is impossible to assign a different CDMA code to every wireless tag 1 and selectively detect it. If CDMA is adopted, the CDMA code must be the same for all wireless tags. However, if the frequency band of the channel is the same, code spreading causes an increase in transmission time, and there is not much difference in the reading efficiency from the method of waiting for a non-collision chance in the simple amplitude modulation method, but only increases the circuit complexity. is there. Therefore, as in the embodiment of the present invention, by employing the lead box 3 described later,
There is no reason why the common CDMA coding scheme is superior to the simple amplitude modulation scheme.

On the other hand, the near mode is operated by receiving a tone signal from a loop antenna 11 of an induction power transmitting apparatus such as a delivery car or a warehouse to obtain an induced electromotive force, and obtaining power by an AC / DC conversion circuit 21 to operate. However, the switch circuit 14 detects that power is being supplied in the near mode, and
Connect to DC conversion circuit 21. Other circuit operations are the same as those in the far mode except that the random number generator circuit 15 uses the random number control circuit 22 to shorten the interval from the time of connection to the time of connection and sets the interval to 1 to 5 seconds. This is because a very weak radio wave can be emitted as long as power is supplied from the induction circuit, so that power consumption does not need to be considered so much, and a configuration in which radio waves are frequently emitted can be achieved. .

[Wireless Communication Means] Next, the wireless tag 1 attached to the luggage as described above can be attached to luggage of a delivery vehicle such as a truck as a transportation means or moved in a luggage such as a warehouse as a storage means. It is attached and stored. A wireless communication device b (of course, an ordinary fixed wired telephone may be used in a non-moving storage device such as a warehouse) is installed in the moving device and the storage device. (2) Identify and detect the ID identification number transmitted by the plurality of wireless tags 1 in the far mode. (3) From the lead box 20, Of the plurality of wireless tags 1 stored in the subdivision case
(4) It has the function of the current mobile phone and has the function of connecting to the Internet, etc., and uses the mobile phone to determine the internal server d1, d2 on the Internet. It is necessary to have a function such as periodically accessing the server. The transmission information includes (1) ID identification numbers of a plurality of wireless tags 1 detected in the far mode,
(2) Position information from the GPS circuit of the wireless communication means, (3)
There are an ID identification number of the delivered package received from the lead box 3, and the received information includes (1) delivery management information, (2) inquiry information, and the like.

[Definition of physical distribution] Next, the specification of physical distribution such as luggage will be described. (1) First, in order to make the wireless tag 1 inexpensive, only the transmission function is weakly output at the same frequency, and the ID identification number attached to the package is a serial number. (2) The upper server e, which collects information from the respective servers d1 and d2, stores basic data such as the shipper, the receiver, the address of the receiver, and the delivery means associated with each ID identification number. Although the data of the delivery route is stored, the data of the real-time position and the real-time loading status of the delivery vehicle are not input from the beginning.

A procedure for determining a physical distribution in such a physical distribution system will be described. Now, in FIG. 1, assuming that the wireless tag 1 is attached to a package on a delivery vehicle and is moving, the specific package is attached with the wireless tag 1 having a corresponding specific ID identification number. The luggage recognized by the wireless communication devices b1, b2, b3, and b4 is recognized as carrying a luggage that can receive a signal from the wireless tag 1 to a delivery vehicle for the time being.
By the way, when a plurality of delivery vehicles are close to each other (the radio wave of the radio tag 1ax is
The two wireless communication means b1 and b2 have received, and at this point, it is unknown which delivery vehicle is being carried.
However, since the delivery vehicles of the wireless communication means b1 and b2 do not move on the same route, the package information is obtained from the history of the location information of the delivery vehicles and the signal of the package ID number in the lower server c1 and the upper server d. Can be specified and the delivery vehicle on which the desired package is loaded. In addition, luggage and wireless tags 1 that are unrelated to warehouses and delivery vehicles A1, A2, A3, and A4
However, since the wireless communication means b1, b2, b3, and b4 do not receive the signal, they are naturally irrelevant. Therefore, it is not necessary to designate a plurality of delivery vehicles as long as the delivery destination of the package and the moving direction of the delivery vehicle are specified, and the delivery vehicle on which the desired package is loaded is provided in real time. I can understand.

[Confirmation of Logistics Delivered] It is assumed that the operator is obliged to store the wireless tag 1 in the perspective mode in the lead box 3 when removed from the package as a delivery certificate. One of the configurations of the lead box 3 is as follows.
This is used for the wireless tag 1 having the perspective mode, and is shown in FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 shows a wireless tag 1 compatible with the lead box 3, which is shaped like a card having a slightly thick business card size, and provided with a recess 25 at the bottom. A subdivided sliding subdivision case 31 as shown in FIG. 4 is inserted into the lead box 3 shown in FIG. 5 for storing the wireless tag. And subdivision case 31
Of the wireless tag 1 is matched with the shape of the wireless tag 1, and a convex portion 32 is provided at the lower portion to be fitted with the concave portion 25. If the wireless tag 1 is not completely aligned and inserted, the subdivided case 31 may be replaced with a lead box. The structure cannot be pushed into 3. FIG.
Shows the entire lead box 3, and the lead box 3 is a box-shaped aluminum shield that accommodates the sub-case 31, and the wireless tag 1 that is accommodated in one sub-case 31.
The total number is determined by the thickness of the wireless tag 1 and the electric wave power of the antenna, but 10 to 100 types are prepared according to the purpose. In this embodiment, 20 wireless tags 1 can be stored, and A loop antenna 33 for transmitting a radio wave generated from a power cable 36 and a large-capacity induction tone radio wave generating circuit (not shown), and a loop for receiving a modulated signal of a near-mode carrier wave transmitted from each wireless tag 1. antenna
An antenna 34 inside the lead box 3 is connected to a wireless communication device b for reading ID information by a coaxial cable 35. At this time, the near mode of the wireless tag 1 operates by receiving the tone signal from the loop antenna 11, obtaining the induced electromotive force, obtaining the DC power by the AC / DC conversion circuit 21, and operating for 1 to 5 seconds. Of the wireless tag 1 at intervals of
The ID information is transmitted and the ID information is
It is sent to and received by the wireless communication device b via. Therefore, when the package is stored in the lead box 3, the fact that the package has been delivered for the first time is wirelessly transmitted to the lower servers d1, d2 and the upper server e via the wireless communication device b and the base station c. As described above, whether or not the desired package has been delivered can be grasped in real time.

[Embodiment 2] Next, a specific configuration of a second embodiment suitable for the present invention will be described. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the wireless tag 1a does not have a near mode but only a far mode. That is, in the circuit of FIG. 2, the loop antenna 11 constituting the near mode receives the tone signal to obtain an induced electromotive force, and the AC / DC conversion circuit 2
1. Although the random number control circuit 22 of the random number generator circuit 15 is not required, the number of times of emission is small and detection takes some time, and accordingly, the configuration of the lead box 3a is also the configuration of the wireless tag 1a. The wireless tag 1a simply detects the attachment / detachment when the transmission signal of the wireless tag 1a is cut off and the wireless communication device b no longer receives the signal. Specifically, when the wireless tag 1a is removed from the luggage, the lead box is electromagnetically shielded. The configuration is such that the radio wave is cut off by storing it in 3a, and the attachment / detachment of the wireless tag is determined. Therefore, the second embodiment is characterized in that the configurations of the wireless tag 1a and the lead box 3a are simpler than the first embodiment.

As described above, the physical distribution management device according to the embodiment of the present invention enables two-way communication of the signal of the ID number of the package and the position information from a plurality of different management organizations as carriers. This is to collect and analyze the carriers from the lower server of each organization to the upper server via the Internet, and return the analysis result to the transport device or the storage device again via the lower server. As shown in Fig. 1, it is attached to the luggage of trucks A and T2 of the same transportation company (Company A) as well as the luggage of truck B of a different transportation company and the luggage of warehouse C. Received the weak radio wave of the wireless tag 1 at random, and wirelessly transmits the ID identification code and the position information of the wireless tag 1 to the base station c1... Cn of each area or each company, and Internet with two-way communication from stations All wireless tags 1 are sent to the lower server (A company server, B company server ... N company server) of each company and sent to the upper server e which controls these regardless of whether they are the same carrier or not via the lower server. Sends ID identification code and location information, and returns the analysis result from the upper server e.Since bi-directional communication is performed, low-cost, real-time logistics distribution of luggage etc. without separately manufacturing wireless tags for each company Can manage.

It is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the above two embodiments unless the characteristics of the present invention are impaired. For example, in both embodiments, the physical logistics were used as the physical cargo, but if the wireless tag such as a fluid, liquid, or gas could not be attached, after the wireless tag was inserted into the lead box at the end of delivery, a pump, etc. The wireless tag can be used effectively by inputting the flow meter of the above, and the delivery management of the present invention can be performed. In addition, although a delivery vehicle is used as a cargo transportation device for distribution, a railroad, a ship, an aircraft, or the like may be used as long as it is a transportation device. In addition, the Internet, which is currently widespread, is used as a communication means between the upper server, the lower server, and the base station, but other two-way communication may be used as long as information can be transmitted and received instantly and easily.

[0022]

As described above, according to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a wireless tag having only a weak transmitting means for transmitting a signal of a unique ID identification number in substantially the same frequency band is provided. The wireless tag is removably attached to a package to be transferred, and a transporting device for transporting the package or a storage device for storing the package is provided with receiving means for receiving a signal from the package, and the transporting device or the storage device. A location information acquisition unit for acquiring and confirming the location information of the package, combining the signal of the ID number of the package and the location information and transmitting the combined information to the physical distribution management device. Since the current state of the package is specified from the history of the information, the tag becomes a simple and inexpensive wireless tag, and the effect of specifying the transport device or the storage device in real time can be obtained.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the physical distribution management device according to the first aspect transmits a signal of a package ID number and position information from a plurality of different management organizations via the Internet. 2. In addition to the effect of claim 1, the RFID tag is used for each physical distribution management because the analysis is performed by collecting and analyzing from the lower server of the organization to the upper server and returning the analysis result to the transport device or the storage device again via the lower server. The same thing as that of the group (company) can be used, so that it can be manufactured at low cost without separately manufacturing, and the physical distribution of luggage and the like can be managed in real time.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the wireless tag according to the first aspect of the present invention uses the electromotive force of a built-in battery to weakly transmit a carrier by amplitude modulating a carrier with an ID identification number in the wireless tag. And a weak transmitting means for transmitting at a shorter interval than the above-mentioned transmission interval by the induced radio wave power when removed from the baggage. The logistics management method according to claim 1, further comprising an attachment / detachment determination unit that performs attachment / detachment determination. In addition to the effect of claim 1, there is an effect that the distribution management device can more reliably grasp the delivered package in real time. can get.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the wireless tag according to the first aspect of the present invention uses the electromotive force of the built-in battery to weakly transmit a carrier wave by amplitude-modulating the carrier with the ID identification number in the wireless tag. Means for removing the RFID tag from the luggage when the portable device is detached from the luggage, storing the device in an electromagnetically shielded storage device, and detecting attachment / removal of the wireless tag by detecting that the weak radio wave is blocked. According to the physical distribution management method of the first aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, there is obtained an effect that the physical distribution management device can grasp the delivered packages in real time with simpler means.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an outline of an entire system conforming to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a wireless tag suitable for the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the outer shape of a first embodiment of a wireless tag suitable for the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a subdivision case for a lead box storing the wireless tag of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a lead box for storing the wireless tag according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A1, A2, A3 ... means of transportation (delivery vehicle) A4 ... means of storage (warehouse) 1, a1, · ax · · am · · an · wireless tag b1, b2, b3, b4 · wireless communication device c1 · base station d1 , d2 ... Lower server e ... Higher server 11,12,33,34 ... Loop antenna 13 ... Primary battery 14,16,18,20 ... Switch circuit 15 ... Random number generator circuit 17 ... ROM circuit 19 ... Oscillation circuit 21 ... AC / DC conversion circuit 22 ... Random number control circuit 25 ... Recess 3 ... Lead box 31 ... Subdivision case 32 ... Recess 35 ... Coaxial cable 36 ... Power cable

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G08G 1/09 G08G 1/09 F 1/13 1/13 F term (Reference) 3F022 LL05 MM08 MM11 MM42 NN38 PP06 5B049 BB31 CC21 CC27 DD04 EE01 EE05 EE23 GG03 GG06 GG07 5H180 AA01 AA07 BB04 BB05 BB08 FF05

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A wireless tag having only a weak transmitting means for transmitting a signal of a unique ID identification number in substantially the same frequency band, wherein said wireless tag is detachably attached to a package to be transported, and said package is transported. The transporting device or the storage device to be stored has a receiving means for receiving a signal from the package, and a location information acquiring unit for acquiring and confirming the location information of the transporting device or the storage device, and has an ID identification number of the package. And transmitting the signal to the logistics management device, and the logistics management device identifies the current status of the package from the ID identification number of the package and the history of the location information. 2. A wireless tag having only a weak transmission function of transmitting a signal of a unique ID identification number in substantially the same frequency band, wherein said wireless tag is detachably attached to a package to be transported, and said package is transported. The transporting device or the storage device to be stored has a receiving means for receiving a signal from the package, and a location information acquiring unit for acquiring and confirming the location information of the transporting device or the storage device, and has an ID identification number of the package. The logistics management device is characterized in that the current status of the package is specified from the log of the ID number of the package and the history of the position information. 3. The logistics management device collects and analyzes signals and position information of package ID numbers from a plurality of different management organizations from a lower server of each organization to a higher server via the Internet, 2. The physical distribution management method according to claim 1, wherein the analysis result is returned to the transportation device or the storage device via the lower server again. 4. The wireless tag has weak transmitting means for amplitude-modulating a carrier with an ID number in the wireless tag using an electromotive force of a built-in battery and transmitting the signal. It has weak transmission means for transmitting at a shorter time interval than the transmission interval by radio wave power, and has attachment / detachment determination means for detecting attachment / detachment of a wireless tag by detecting a weak radio wave at the short time interval. The logistics management method according to claim 1, 5. The wireless tag has weak transmitting means for modulating the amplitude of a carrier with an ID number in the wireless tag by using an electromotive force of a built-in battery and transmitting the electromagnetic wave. 2. The physical distribution management method according to claim 1, further comprising a detachment determination unit that stores the wireless tag in a storage device that is shielded and detects whether the weak radio wave is blocked to determine whether the wireless tag is attached or detached.