JP2001208054A - Taper roller bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a taper roller bearing which can be assembled easily and reduced in manufacturing cost by eliminating the process of a caulking on a roller retainer. SOLUTION: In the taper roller bearing having a plurality of rollers 5 which a rolling surface is conical shape and placed between an outer race having a conical track surface at an internal periphery and an inner race 4 having a conical track at an external periphery surface 1 with small flange 2 at a smaller diameter end and large flange 3 at the larger diameter end, the rollers are sustained by a retainer 6 so that the rollers 5 do not come off the outer periphery of the inner race 4 and it is characterized that the profile of peripheral cross section of the small flange 2 of the inner race 4 is oblong.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing used as a bearing for a transmission or a differential gear of an automobile.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional tapered roller bearing assembling process, first, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), a roller is pressed into a conical shape and rolled into a pocket c of a cage b having a flange a on a small diameter side. A roller d whose moving surface has a conical shape is inserted from the inner peripheral side of the retainer b.
And into an assembly state.

Next, the small diameter portion of the inner ring e is disposed facing the large diameter side of the retainer b, and in this state, the inner ring e is axially inserted into the assembly of the retainer b and d (see FIG. 5B). ). The inner ring e has a conical raceway surface f on the outer peripheral surface,
The raceway surface f has a small flange g at the small diameter end and a large flange h at the large diameter end. The outer peripheral cylindrical portion of the small flange g of the inner ring e has such a dimensional relationship that it can penetrate the small-diameter end of the roller d when the inner ring e is inserted into the assembly at the retainer b and the position d. Therefore, if the inner ring e is still inserted into the assembly at the position of the retainer b, the roller d and the retainer b may be disassembled.

Therefore, after the inner ring e is inserted into the assembly at the position of the retainer b, as shown in FIG. 5C, the entire circumference of the end of the retainer b on the side of the flange a is changed from the two-dot chain line to the solid line in FIG. To reduce the play of the rollers in the outer peripheral direction, thereby reducing the inner ring e and the retainer b.
And the rollers d have a structure that cannot be disassembled. By incorporating an outer ring (not shown) having a conical raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface into this structure, a tapered roller bearing is formed.

In order to prevent the rollers d from being restrained from rolling after the end of the retainer b on the flange a side is swaged, the radial play of the swaged rollers d is appropriate. The crimping is performed while controlling the deformation amount of the retainer b so as to have a value. In order to make the inner ring e, the retainer b and the roller d non-disassemblable in this way, tapered roller bearings usually include the outer ring alone and the inner ring e, the retainer b and the roller assembly, which are often separately incorporated into the device. This is because the handling becomes inconvenient unless the assemblies of the inner ring e, the retainer b, and the rollers d are not disassembled at that time.

[0006]

In the conventional tapered roller bearing structure, after the inner ring e is inserted into the assembly at the retainer b and the position d, the entire periphery of the end of the retainer b on the flange a side is swaged. However, not only the assembly cost is high, but also the assembly is troublesome.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such inconveniences, and a conical cone which can reduce the assembly cost by omitting the step of caulking the retainer and can facilitate the assembly. It is intended to provide a roller bearing.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a tapered roller bearing according to the present invention has an outer ring having a conical raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface and a conical raceway surface on an outer peripheral surface. And an inner ring having a small flange at the small-diameter end of the raceway surface and having a large flange at the large-diameter end, and being interposed between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring, In a tapered roller bearing comprising a plurality of rollers having a conical running surface and a retainer for retaining the rollers so that the rollers do not come off in an outer circumferential direction in a state where the rollers are incorporated in the inner ring, an outer periphery of a small flange of an inner ring is provided. It is characterized in that the cross-sectional shape is non-circular.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of a tapered roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which an outer ring is omitted. FIG. 2 is a view seen from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3 is an explanatory sectional view for explaining a jig for supporting the assembly at the retainer when the inner ring is inserted, and FIG. 4 omits the outer ring of the tapered roller bearing according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory sectional drawing.

First, the tapered roller bearing according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. This tapered roller bearing has an outer ring (shown in the drawing) having a conical raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface. ), An inner ring having a conical raceway surface 1 on the outer peripheral surface, a small flange 2 at the small diameter end of the raceway surface 1 and a large flange 3 at the large diameter end. 4, a plurality of rollers 5 which are interposed between the raceway surface 1 of the inner race 4 and the raceway surface of the outer race, and whose rolling surfaces form a conical shape; And a retainer 6 for holding the rollers 5 so as not to be separated from the rollers.

The retainer 6 is formed, for example, by pressing in a conical shape and having a flange 7 on the small diameter side, and has a specification of high rigidity and high strength. A plurality of pockets 8 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the retainer 6 at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction corresponding to the number of the rollers 5, and when the rollers 5 are inserted into the pocket 8 from the inner peripheral side of the retainer 6. The rollers 5 do not come off in the outer peripheral direction. Each cross section of the retainer 6 is aimed at a perfect circle, and each pocket 8 is also produced aiming at a uniform width.

The outer peripheral surface of the small flange 2 of the inner ring 4 has a tapered shape whose diameter decreases toward the side away from the raceway surface 1, and the outer peripheral cross-sectional shape is elliptical. In this embodiment, in FIG. 2, the major axis of the outer ellipse of the small flange 2 is in the vertical direction, and the minor axis is in the horizontal direction. Are in phase. In addition, Kotsuba 2
The major axis of the ellipse on the outer peripheral surface on the raceway surface 1 side interferes with the roller 5,
The minor axis portion does not interfere with the rollers 5, while
The ellipse on the outer peripheral surface on the end face side of the small flange 2 does not interfere with the roller 5 in any of the long diameter portion and the short diameter portion.

In this embodiment, the diameter of the circumscribed circle (the major axis of the ellipse) on the end face side of the small flange 2 is D ₁ , and the raceway surface 1 of the small collar 2 is
Side circumscribed circle diameter (major axis of the ellipse) D _2, D ₁ when the bore diameter when pressed against the pockets 8 of the cage 6 the rollers 5 on the outer peripheral side was D _e <D _e <the D ₂ It is made to have a dimensional relationship. In order to assemble the tapered roller bearing having such a configuration, first, the rollers 5 are inserted into the pockets 8 of the retainer 6.
From the inner peripheral side of the above, and the retainers 6 and 5 are integrated into an assembly state.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, a jig 10 for supporting the assembly of the cage 6 and 5 supports the small-diameter side end face of the portion projecting from the pocket 8 of the roller 5 in the axial direction. On the large diameter side of the inner ring 4
The side ends are arranged to face each other, and in this state, the inner race 4 is axially inserted into the assembly of the retainer 6 and the retainer 5. here,
As described above, since become a dimensional relationship of D ₁ <D _e, when inserting the fifth assembly the inner ring 4 retainer 6 at the small flange 2 side end portion of the inner wheel 4 can be inserted smoothly.

Next, when an insertion load is applied to the inner ring 4 in the axial direction from this state, the roller 5 which is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the elliptical long diameter portion of the small flange 2 is pushed to the outer diameter side, and the roller 5
The inner ring 4 is inserted by elastically deforming the retainer 6 at the position shown in FIG. At the time of such insertion, a part of the retainer 6, that is, the small flange 2 of the inner ring 4 of the retainer 6.
Since the portion corresponding to the position of the major axis of the ellipse is elastically deformed so as to expand through the rollers 5, the conventional structure can be assembled with the entire circumference of the retainer bulging to the outer diameter side through the rollers. In comparison, the load required for deformation of the retainer 6 can be made very small. Also, the jig 10 supporting the assembly at the retainer 6 and 5 supports the small-diameter side end face of the portion projecting from the pocket 8 of the roller 5 in the axial direction. Thus, the cage 6 can be prevented from being permanently deformed.

Next, when the inner ring 4 is further pushed in the axial direction and the entire length of the small flange 2 penetrates the inscribed end of the small diameter side of the roller 5,
The retainer 6 elastically returns. At this time, as described above, D
Since the dimensional relationship of _e <D _2, the cage 6 at 5
Does not come off the inner ring 4. By incorporating an outer ring (not shown) having a conical raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface into this structure, a tapered roller bearing is formed.

As is apparent from the above description, in this embodiment, since the outer peripheral cross-sectional shape of the small collar 2 of the inner ring 4 is non-circular, when the inner ring 4 is inserted into the assembly of the retainers 6 and 5, It is sufficient that only a part of the circumference of the retainer 6 is elastically deformed to the outer diameter side via the roller 5, and as a result, assembly can be facilitated. Further, since the retainer 6 is elastically restored after the inner ring 4 is inserted into the assembly of the retainer 6 and the retainer 5, the assembly of the retainer 6 and the retainer 5 does not detach from the inner ring 4.
It is not necessary to caulk the end of the retainer 6 on the flange 7 side as in the related art, and the assembly cost can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the caulking of the end of the cage 6 on the flange 7 side can be made unnecessary, troubles such as a roll due to improper caulking and a seizure accident due to the restraint of the rollers can be eliminated, and the reliability can be reduced. The performance is improved. Furthermore, when the outer cross-section of the small collar of the inner ring is a perfect circle as in the conventional structure, the inner ring cannot be inserted unless the entire circumference of the cage is expanded to the outer diameter side. Therefore, the allowable range of the interference is very narrow in order to reduce the stress generated at the time of insertion to a certain value or less, but in this embodiment, if the retainer 6 is locally deformed to the outer diameter side, Since it is good, the allowable range of the interference with the major axis of the ellipse can be widened, the manufacturing tolerance of each part is widened, and the processing is easy. Also, since the load required to deform the cage is reduced, the contact surface pressure between the rollers and the small flange at the time of insertion is also low, and the rollers may be damaged even if the rollers slide on the small collar. There is no.

Next, a tapered roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the shape of the retainer and the shape of the small collar of the inner ring.
Therefore, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the retainer 60 has no rigidity and has no flange on the small diameter side so that the inner ring 4 can be easily inserted. When the cage is used for applications requiring strength and rigidity, it is possible to use the flanged cage shown in the first embodiment.

The outer peripheral surface of the small collar 20 of the inner ring 4 has the same elliptical shape at each axial section,
The ellipse on the outer peripheral surface on the side and the ellipse on the outer peripheral surface on the end surface have different phases and are in a relationship of being twisted in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the ellipse of the outer peripheral surface on the raceway surface 1 side of the small flange 20 and the ellipse of the outer peripheral surface on the end surface side are out of phase with each other by 90 °. Specifically, in FIG. The major axis is the vertical direction, and the minor axis is the direction orthogonal to the paper surface. The major axis of the ellipse on the outer peripheral surface on the track surface 1 side is the direction orthogonal to the paper surface, and the minor axis is the vertical direction. Also, larger than the bore diameter D _e of the time ellipse major axis of the ellipse of major axis and the raceway surface 1 side outer peripheral surface of the end face-side outer peripheral surface both pressed against the pockets 8 of the cage 60 and rollers 5 on the outer peripheral side interfere with rollers 5 is, on the other hand, the average diameter of the minor axis of the ellipse minor axis of the ellipse of the end face-side outer peripheral surface and the average diameter and the track surface 1 side outer peripheral surface are both rollers is set smaller than the D _e 5 And does not interfere.

As described above, in this embodiment, the small collar 20
End surface outer peripheral surface and the ellipse major axis of the raceway surface 1 side outer peripheral surface is greater than D _e, the average diameter and short diameter is smaller than D _e, the assembly of the cage 60 at 5 inner ring 4 When the inner ring 4 is inserted, the retainer 60 is locally elastically deformed to the outer diameter side through the rollers 5 located at the major diameter portions of the respective ellipses on the end face side outer circumferential surface and the raceway surface 1 side outer circumferential face. Insertion is possible and assembly can be performed easily. Moreover, after the inner ring 4 is inserted, the retainer 60 elastically returns and the assembly at the retainer 60 and the position 5 does not come off from the inner ring 4. In particular, in this embodiment, since the outer peripheral elliptical shape of the small collar 20 of the inner ring 4 is twisted in the axial direction, unless the torsion force is applied while deforming the retainer in the radial direction, the assembly of the retainer 60 and 5 is assembled. Does not come off from the inner ring 4, and the function of preventing the coming off is superior to that of the first embodiment. Other effects are first
Since it is the same as that of the first embodiment, the description is omitted.

In each of the above embodiments, the case where the outer cross-sectional shape of the small collar of the inner ring is made elliptical is taken as an example. However, various shapes other than the ellipse are conceivable. For example, a structure in which small notches are provided at the roller pitch on the circumference except for a few roller pitches is also conceivable. It goes without saying that a non-circular shape other than the elliptical shape may be adopted. Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which a steel press retainer is used has been described. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can be similarly applied to a resin retainer.

[0023]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the step of caulking the retainer can be omitted to reduce the assembly cost and facilitate the assembly. The effect is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory sectional view of a tapered roller bearing according to a first embodiment of the present invention, in which an outer ring is omitted.

FIG. 2 is a view in which only a retainer is cut away as viewed from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an explanatory cross-sectional view for explaining a jig that supports an assembly at a retainer when an inner ring is inserted.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view of a tapered roller bearing according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which an outer ring is omitted.

5A and 5B are explanatory cross-sectional views for explaining an assembling process of a conventional tapered roller bearing, in which FIG. 5A is a diagram showing a state in which rollers are inserted into pockets of a cage, and FIG. A diagram showing a state where it is inserted into the assembly,
(C) is a diagram showing a state in which the entire periphery of the flange-side end of the retainer is crimped and deformed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Track surface 2, 20 ... Small tsuba 3 ... Large tsuba 4 ... Inner ring 5 ... Roller 6, 60 ... Cage

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. An outer race having a conical raceway surface on an inner peripheral surface, a conical raceway surface on an outer peripheral surface, a small flange at a small diameter side end of the raceway surface, and a large diameter raceway. An inner ring having a large collar at the side end, a plurality of rollers that are interposed between the raceway surface of the inner ring and the raceway surface of the outer ring, and whose rolling surface forms a conical shape,
In a tapered roller bearing having a retainer that retains a roller so that the roller does not detach in an outer peripheral direction in a state where the roller is incorporated in the inner ring, an outer peripheral cross-sectional shape of a small flange of the inner ring is made non-circular. Tapered roller bearing.