JP2001189623A - Shared array antenna for two frequency bands - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shared array antenna for two frequency bands, with which a grating lobe does not occur in both the frequency bands, mutual coupling between element antennas or influence caused by blocking upon a radiation pattern is settled within an allowable range and the element antennas are not physically interfered. SOLUTION: This array antenna is provided with basic array arrangement, with which an interval between the element antenna to operate in the low frequency band and the element antenna to operate in the high frequency band is made at least equivalent to or more than the half of an element antenna interval in the high frequency band, and real location is determined by thinning the element antenna, of which influence caused by blocking upon the radiation pattern exceeds the allowable range, or which physically interferes from this basic arrangement.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dual frequency band shared array antenna used in two frequency bands separated by about twice or more.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 17 and 18 show, for example, Naohisa Goto and Kazuko Kamiyama, "Element Arrangement Method and Gain of Dual-Frequency Array Antenna" (Technical Report AP81-40, published by IEICE, June 1981). a layout view showing a conventional two-frequency band array antenna shown in month 26), in FIG., 1 is the second frequency band sharing device antenna operating in a low frequency band F _L and a high frequency band F _H The arrangement position 2 is the arrangement position of the element antenna operating in the low frequency band F _L , and the reference numeral 3 is the arrangement position of the element antenna operating in the high frequency band F _H.

Next, the operation will be described. In the dual frequency band shared array antenna shown in FIG. 17, a dual frequency band shared element antenna is periodically arranged as an element antenna, and the element antenna spacing is set so that grating lobes do not appear in a high frequency band. By deciding,
The same aperture shares two frequency bands. In the two-frequency band shared array antenna shown in FIG. 18, the element antennas are separated into an element antenna operating in the low frequency band F _L and an element antenna operating in the high frequency band F _H , and are arranged alternately. Thus, the same aperture shares two frequency bands.

[0004]

Since the conventional dual frequency band shared array antenna is configured as described above,
When sharing in two frequency bands separated by about twice or more, there were the following problems. (1) In the two-frequency band shared array antenna shown in FIG. 17, when the element antenna interval is determined so that no grating lobe appears in the high frequency band F _H , the low frequency band F _L
In, there is a problem that the mutual coupling between the element antennas becomes strong because the interval between the element antennas is extremely small as compared with the wavelength, and the element pattern in the array state is disturbed. (2) In the two-frequency band shared array antenna shown in FIG. 18, if the element antenna spacing is determined so that no grating lobe appears in the high frequency band F _H , the low frequency band F _L
In the case, the mutual coupling between the element antennas becomes stronger because the element antenna interval becomes extremely smaller than the wavelength, and the problem that the element pattern in the array state is disturbed,
Conversely, when determining the antenna element spacing so as not to have grating lobes in the low frequency band F _L, the high frequency band F
_{In H} , there is a problem that a grating lobe occurs because the element antenna interval is larger than the wavelength. In the case of using a height different antennas to the antenna upper part from the base plate by the frequency band used, such as a dipole antenna or a notch antenna as the antenna element, is disposed in the vicinity of the antenna elements operating at a low frequency band F _L the element antenna operating in high frequency band F _H is affected by the blocking coming from difference in size of the antenna from the antenna elements, there is a problem that the element pattern is disturbed. Furthermore, in the case of a planar array in which element antennas are arranged in the same plane like a patch antenna, there is another problem that element antennas in both frequency bands physically interfere with each other.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and does not generate grating lobes in both frequency bands, and allows mutual coupling between element antennas and blocking to affect the radiation pattern. It is an object of the present invention to obtain a frequency band shared array antenna that falls within the range and does not physically interfere with the element antenna.

[0006]

According to the present invention, there are provided two frequencies.
The band shared array antenna has frequency band F_HElement antenna
Vector P representing the position where the_H ^*To P_H ^*= M_Hd_H1v₁ ^*+ N_Hd_H2v_Two ^* Frequency band F_LRepresents the possible positions of the element antennas
Vector P_L ^*To P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*Or P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2/ 2) v_Two ^*Also
Is P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*Also
Is P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2
/ 2) v_Two ^*  And the distance d between the element antennas of the two frequency bands_H1
And d_L1, D_H2And d_L2The relationship d_L1= K₁d_H1/ 2 (where k₁Is an integer of 3 or more) d_L2= K_Twod_H2/ 2 (where k_TwoIs an integer of 3 or more) and the frequency band F_LElement antennas can be arranged
Position P_L ^*And one or more frequency bands in the vicinity
Area F_HPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_H ^*Between
Conditions for actually arranging element antennas at these positions
After adding the matter, the element in the above two frequency bands
Remove the element antenna by thinning it from the position where the antenna can be placed.
They are arranged.

[0007] Dual frequency band shared array antenna according to the present invention
Tena is the element antenna spacing d_H1And d _L1, D_H2And d_L2Noseki
K which is a parameter representing the relationship₁, K_TwoThe desired beam
Conditions that do not generate grating lobes within the scanning range
The largest integer of 3 or more that satisfies
You.

[0008] second frequency band array antenna according to the present invention, the frequency band F disposed possible positions of _L antenna elements P _L ^*, deployable position of the antenna elements of the N frequency bands F _H in the vicinity thereof The conditions added between P _Hi ^* to actually place the element antenna at these positions are as follows:
Of the positions P _L ^*, a frequency band F is located at a position where P _L ^* = P _H ^*.
Or placing _L of antenna elements, or arranging two frequency sharing antenna elements can be used in both frequency bands of the frequency band F _H and the frequency band F _L, or is either or not arranged antenna elements, and , Of the position P _L ^* , P _L ^*
≠ P _H ^* and happens in a position to place the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L, or is either or not arranged antenna elements, and elements of the frequency band F _L at the position P _L ^* antenna or In the case where the dual-frequency element antenna is arranged, the condition that the position P _Hi ^* is excluded from the position where the element antenna in the frequency band F _H can be arranged.

[0009] A dual frequency band shared array antenna according to the present invention.
Tena has frequency band F_LPossible position of element antenna
Vector P_L ^*But P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*  And k₁And k_TwoAre even numbers, and the frequency
Band F_LPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_L ^*And its
N frequency bands F in the vicinity_HElement antennas can be arranged
Position P_Hi ^*Between these positions,
The condition added to place the tena is determined by the position P_L ^*In the lap
Wavenumber band F_HAnd frequency band F_LCan be used in both frequency bands
Place a two-frequency dual-element antenna, or
Either the element antenna is not arranged, and
Position P_L ^*When a dual frequency element antenna is placed in
Is the position P_Hi ^*Is the frequency band F_HElement antenna arrangement
It is a condition that it is excluded from possible positions.

[0010] second frequency band array antenna according to the present invention, the frequency band F disposed possible positions of _L antenna elements P _L ^*, deployable position of the antenna elements of the N frequency bands F _H in the vicinity thereof The conditions added between P _Hi ^* to actually place the element antenna at these positions are as follows:
Position P _L ^* or to place antenna elements frequency band F _L is the, or is either or not arranged antenna elements, and, when arranging the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L at the position P _L ^* The condition is that the position P _Hi ^* is excluded from the positions where the element antennas of the frequency band F _H can be arranged.

[0011] second frequency band array antenna according to the invention is an array of the element antennas of the array antenna in the frequency band F element antenna and the frequency band of the antenna array _H F _L are arranged in different planes, respectively, The condition added for actually arranging the element antennas is a condition that the effects of mutual coupling of the arranged element antennas are within an allowable range.

[0012] second frequency band array antenna according to the present invention, both the antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F antenna element of the array antenna and the frequency band of the _H F _L is located in the dipole antenna and the ground plane the same plane The dual frequency element antenna is a log-periodic antenna having the same plane as the plane as a ground plane.

[0013] second frequency band array antenna according to the present invention, the array antenna of the array antenna and the frequency band F _L frequency band F _H is either a plane array those element antennas are arranged in the same plane In addition, the condition added to actually arrange the element antennas is a condition that the arranged element antennas do not physically interfere with each other.

[0014] The second frequency band array antenna according to the invention, both the antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F antenna element of the array antenna and the frequency band of the _H F _L is a patch antenna, 2 frequency sharing element antennas Is an annular patch antenna.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 1 to 9
2 frequency band shared array antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
FIG. 4 is a layout diagram showing positions where teners can be arranged, and
11 indicated by ◎ is the low frequency band F_LElement that works with
Antenna and high frequency band F_HOf the element antenna that works with
Position where all can be arranged, 12 indicated by X is low frequency
Band F_LWhere only element antennas that operate on
13 indicates a high frequency band F_HElement that works with
This is the position where only the antenna can be placed. Where high frequency
Several bands F_HRepresents the position 13 at which the element antenna can be arranged.
Vector P_H ^*Is generally P_H ^*= M_Hd_H1v₁ ^*+ N_Hd_H2v_Two ^*  It can be expressed as. Where m_H, N_HIs any integer
Number, v₁ ^*, V_Two ^*Is a unit vector representing the direction of the element antenna array.
Kutor, d_H1, D_H2Is v₁ ^*, V_Two ^*Element
This is the antenna interval. Note that v₁ ^*And v_Two ^*And choose
Allows arbitrary arrays, such as square arrays and triangle arrays,
Can be defined, but for simplicity,
And v₁ ^*And v_Two ^*And are chosen as unit vectors orthogonal to each other
The square array will be described. In contrast, low frequency
Several bands F_LRepresents a position 12 at which the element antenna can be arranged.
Vector P_L ^*To P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*  Or P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2/ 2) v_Two ^*  Or P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*  Or P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2
/ 2) v_Two ^*  Where m_L, N_LIs any integer, d_L1, D_L2Each
Rev₁ ^*, V_Two ^*Element antenna spacing in the direction, and two
Element antenna spacing d in the frequency band of_H1And d_L1, D_H2And d
_L2The relationship d_L1= K₁d_H1/ 2 (where k₁Is an integer of 3 or more) d_L2= K_Twod_H2/ 2 (where k_TwoIs an integer of 3 or more). That is, it indicates the direction of the element antenna array
Unit vector v₁ ^*, V_Two ^*To the high frequency band F_HSame as
And the low frequency band F under the above conditions_LElement A
By determining the position 12 where the antenna can be placed, P_L ^*
= P_H ^*Excluding position 11 where element antennas that can be placed
And the low frequency band F_LWhere the element antennas can be placed
12 and high frequency band F_HPossible position of element antenna
The minimum element antenna spacing with the device 13 is set to the high frequency band F_Hof
Element antenna spacing d of element antennas _H1, D_H21/2 of
Because it can be larger than this, mutual coupling between element antennas
Can be smaller. Specifically, P_L ^*Of the above four conditions
Choose a shift or k₁, K _TwoIs even or odd respectively
Then, nine types of basic arrangements as shown in FIGS. 1 to 9 are considered.
Can be k₁, K_TwoIs the element antenna spacing d_H1, D
_H2Similarly, the low frequency band F_LDesign frequency and
High frequency band F_HRatio to design frequency and beam scanning angle
Depending on the range, the gray
Should be determined so as to satisfy the conditions that do not cause gloves
It is a value, but for the sake of simplicity, the figure shows k₁, K
_TwoIs 4 when the number is even and 3 when the number is odd.
Is shown.

FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a case where element antennas are actually arranged in the basic arrangement shown in FIG.
FIG. 10A is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 10B is a sectional view thereof. In the figure, 22 is the element antenna and the high frequency band F low frequency band either the element antennas operating is placed in position 11 can be arranged at _H F _L of antenna elements operating at a low frequency band F _L, 23 high frequency band F _H antenna elements placed in the high frequency band F _H of the element placement possible positions of the antennas 13, 24 is a base plate. Placing this state element antenna, as shown in FIG. 10 (a), the antenna elements 22 of the low frequency band F _L is a high frequency band F _H of the antenna elements 23a, 23b, or physically interfere with 23c, FIG. 10 As shown in (b), when each element antenna is formed by a dipole antenna, the element antennas 23a, 23b, and 23c arranged near the element antenna 22 and operating in the high frequency band F _H.
Is affected by blocking caused by a difference in antenna size due to the element antenna 22.

FIGS. 11 to 13 are layout diagrams showing the layout positions of the dual-frequency band array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, 31 indicated by ◎ indicates a low frequency band _FL and a high frequency band. band F _H and arranging the 2-frequency sharing element antenna 21 operating at a position, 32 shown in × position of arranging the antenna elements 22 that operate in the low frequency band F _L, 33 is a high frequency band F shown in ○ _The position at which the element antenna 23 operating in _H is arranged, and 34 indicated by the symbol are positions thinned out from the positions 11, 12, and 13 where element antennas can be arranged. The arrangement of these element antennas is shown in FIG.
In order to avoid the problem of physical interference or blocking in the sequence of the antenna elements shown, the low frequency band F elements operating in _L antenna and the high frequency band F _H in FIG. 1
Position 1 where any of the element antennas operating on
1, when arranging the antenna elements 22 to operate at or two frequency sharing element antenna low frequency band F _L is 10
The condition that the element antenna operating in the high frequency band F _H is not arranged at the position corresponding to the element antennas 23a, 23b, and 23c shown in FIG. This is one in which element antennas are arranged by thinning.

[0018] Specifically, FIG 11 is a low frequency band F elements operating in _L antenna and the high frequency band F _H in FIG. 1
Position 1 where any of the element antennas operating on
The 1, or to place the 2 frequency sharing element antenna, or to place the antenna elements 22 that operate in the low frequency band F _L, or to place the element antenna 23 operating at high frequency band F _H, or any is either or not be the element antennas arranged, also located either in the high frequency band F element operating at _H antenna only the possible positions 13, to place the element antenna 23 operating at high frequency band F _H Or at position 11 the dual-frequency element antenna or the low-frequency band element antenna 2
2, the actual element antenna array is arranged on the condition that the high-frequency band element antenna 23 is not arranged at a position corresponding to the element antennas 23a, 23b and 23c with respect to the position of the element antenna 22 in FIG. It has been decided. In this case, the actual antenna element array, so that the performance of such side-lobe characteristics in the low frequency band F _L, and the high frequency band F _H in the array antenna satisfies the desired performance, for example, thinning Using Genetic Algorithms It can be determined by law. The design procedure for that purpose, first, the element operates at a low frequency band F _L in position 11 either a possible arrangement of the element antennas operating in the element antenna and the high frequency band F _H operating at a low frequency band F _L antenna whether put, determined by conventional thinning method using a genetic algorithm so as to satisfy the desired performance at low frequency band F _L, then only the antenna elements operating at high frequency band F _H is locatable From position 13
0 to indicate the element antenna 23a, except positions corresponding to 23c, whether placing element antenna operating in a high frequency band F _H, the genetic algorithm so as to satisfy the desired performance in the high frequency band F _H When the element antenna operating in the low frequency band F _L and the element antenna operating in the high frequency band F _H are both arranged at a position corresponding to the element antenna 23b, which is determined by the thinning method used, the position is determined in this position. 2
It method of arranging frequency sharing element antennas is considered, also, from the start, so as to satisfy the conditions described above, the desired performance in the frequency band of both the low frequency band F _L and a high frequency band F _H In order to satisfy, a method of simultaneously thinning out at two frequencies using a genetic algorithm is also conceivable.

[0019] FIG 12 is either in position 11 either a possible arrangement of the element antennas operating in the element antenna and the high frequency band F _H operating at a low frequency band F _L is arranged a 2 frequency sharing element antennas, high or arranging the antenna elements 23 that operate in the frequency band F _H, or a case where the condition that one of either not be disposed either antenna elements, other conditions are the same as FIG. 11. FIG.
Does the position 11 either a possible arrangement of the element antennas operating in the element antenna and the high frequency band F _H operating at a low frequency band F _L may place the antenna elements 22 that operate in the low frequency band F _L, This is the case where either the element antenna 23 operating in the high frequency band F _H is arranged or no element antenna is arranged, and the other conditions are the same as those in FIG. In these cases, the actual arrangement of the element antennas can be determined in the same procedure as in FIG.

[0020] As described above, according to the first embodiment, the unit represents the direction of the element antenna array of the low frequency band F _L vector v ₁ ^*, v ₂ ^* the same city as that of the high frequency band F _H and, P _L ^* = P _H ^* become excluding deployable position 11 antenna elements, the antenna elements of the low frequency band F deployable position of _L antenna elements 12 and the high frequency band F _H deployable element antenna spacing d of the antenna elements of the smallest element of antenna spacing high frequency band F _H with Do position 13
_{Since H1} and _dH2 are set to be equal to or more than half, disturbance of the element pattern in the array state can be reduced.
Since the element antennas are thinned in consideration of the conditions for avoiding the problem of physical interference and blocking between the element antennas, there is an effect that good performance can be achieved in the side lobe characteristics and the like even in two frequency bands. .

Embodiment 2 FIG. In the first embodiment, the element antenna arrangement which can be realized in the basic arrangement shown in FIG. 1 is shown. Next, in the arrangement shown in FIG. 9, k ₁ = k ₂
An embodiment in the case of = 5 is shown. FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing a case where element antennas are actually arranged in the basic arrangement shown in FIG. 9 of the two-frequency band shared array antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 14B is a cross-sectional view thereof. In FIG., 22a, 22b is the low frequency band F _L of antenna elements antenna elements operating at a low frequency band F _L is placed in position 11 and 12 can be placed, 23 a - 23 e are antenna elements of the high frequency band F _H The element antenna 24 of the high frequency band F _H placed at the position 13 where the antenna can be arranged is a ground plane. When the element antenna is arranged as it is, FIG.
As shown in, the low frequency band F _L antenna elements 22a
And 22b physically interfere with the element antennas 23a, 23b, 23c and 23d, 23e of the high frequency band F _H , respectively, or as shown in FIG. The element antennas 23a, 23b, 23c and 23d, 23e operating in the high-frequency band F _{H in} which the element antennas 22a and 22b are arranged in the vicinity of the element antennas 22a and 22b respectively differ in antenna size due to the element antennas 22a and 22b. You will be affected by blocking.

FIGS. 15 and 16 are arrangement diagrams showing the arrangement positions of the dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, 31 indicated by ◎ indicates a low frequency band _FL and a high frequency band. band F _H and arranging the 2-frequency sharing device antenna operating in position, 32 is arranged element antenna 22 operating at a low frequency band F _L position indicated by ×, 33 shown in ○ high frequency band F _H Is a position where the element antenna 23 operating is arranged, and 34 is a position thinned out from positions 11, 12, and 13 where the element antenna can be arranged. These antenna elements array, in order to avoid physical interference or blocking problems in the element antenna array shown in FIG. 14, operating at a low frequency band F elements operating in _L antenna and the high frequency band F _H in FIG. 9 11 where all of the element antennas can be placed
In the case of placing the antenna elements 22 to operate at or two frequency sharing element antenna low frequency band F _L, and the antenna elements 22 is locatable positions 12 operating at a low frequency band F _L, the low frequency band F _L In the case where the element antenna 22 that operates in the configuration shown in FIG.
Are located at positions corresponding to the element antennas 23a, 23b, and 23c with respect to the element antenna 23b, and at positions corresponding to the element antennas 23d and 23e with respect to the element antenna 22b.
_After adding the condition that the element antennas operating in _H are not arranged, the element antennas are arranged by thinning out the positions where the element antennas can be arranged in the two frequency bands F _H and F _L.

[0023] Specifically, FIG 15 is a low frequency band F elements operating in _L antenna and the high frequency band F _H in FIG. 9
Position 1 where any of the element antennas operating on
The 1, or to place the 2 frequency sharing element antenna, or to place the antenna elements 22 that operate in the low frequency band F _L, or to place the element antenna 23 operating at high frequency band F _H, or any is either or not be the element antennas arranged, also located either in the element antenna only the possible positions 12 operating at a low frequency band F _L may place the antenna elements 22 that operate in the low frequency band F _L The high frequency band F
_{In the} position 13 where only the element antenna operating in _H can be arranged, the element antenna 23 operating in the high frequency band F _H is either arranged or not arranged.
In the case where the dual-frequency element antenna or the low-frequency band element antenna 22 is disposed at 1 and the low-frequency band element antenna 22 is disposed at the position 12, the element antennas 23a, 23a,
The actual element antenna arrangement is determined on the condition that the high-frequency band element antenna 23 is not arranged at the positions corresponding to the positions of the element antennas 23d and 23e with respect to the positions of the element antennas 23b and 23c and the position of the element antenna 22b. It is. At this time, the actual element antenna arrangement can be determined in the same procedure as in FIG. Figure 16 is a position 11 either a possible arrangement of the element antennas operating in the element antenna and the high frequency band F _H operating at a low frequency band F _L may place the antenna elements 22 that operate in the low frequency band F _L Or element antenna 2 operating in high frequency band F _H
No. 3 or no element antenna is provided, and the other conditions are the same as those in FIG.

As described above, according to the _second embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained even when k ₁ = k ₂ = 5.

In the above embodiment, k ₁ , k ₂
Is the largest integer that satisfies the condition that grating lobes are not generated within the desired beam scanning range, since grating lobes do not occur in the two frequency bands F _L and F _H , radiation of low side lobe level is obtained. it is possible to realize a pattern, it is possible to reduce the effect of mutual coupling for possible to increase the distance between the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, a dipole antenna for the frequency band F element of the array antenna of _H antenna and the frequency band F ground plane 24 the same plane as the antenna element of the array antenna none is _L, 2 Frequency The common element antenna is placed on the ground plane 24
If As is log-periodic antennas with, since it equivalent to the size of the antenna elements using the magnitude of the second frequency sharing element antennas in the frequency band F _L, when considering the conditions for arranging the antenna elements, Since the two types of element antennas can be considered under the same conditions, the design becomes easy. Also, since the radiation characteristics of the dipole antenna and the log-periodic antenna in the same frequency band can be made substantially the same, the generation of grating lobes due to the use of two types of element antennas in one frequency band can be reduced. A lobe-level radiation pattern can be realized.

Furthermore, in the above embodiment, both the antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F element antenna and the frequency band of the antenna array _H F _L is a patch antenna, 2 frequency sharing element antenna circular patch If as is the antenna, since it equivalent to the size of the antenna elements using the magnitude of the second frequency sharing element antennas in the frequency band F _L, when considering the conditions for arranging the antenna elements, the two Since the element antenna can be considered under the same conditions, the design becomes easy. Further, since the radiation characteristics of the patch antenna and the ring patch antenna in the same frequency band can be made substantially the same, the generation of grating lobes due to the use of two types of element antennas in one frequency band can be reduced. A radiation pattern at a side lobe level can be realized.

[0028]

As described above, according to the present invention, the frequency
Several bands F_HVector that represents the position where the
Tor P_H ^*To P_H ^*= M_Hd_H1v₁ ^*+ N_Hd_H2v_Two ^* Frequency band F_LRepresents the possible positions of the element antennas
Vector P_L ^*To P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*Or P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2/ 2) v_Two ^*Also
Is P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*Also
Is P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2
/ 2) v_Two ^*  And the distance d between the element antennas of the two frequency bands_H1
And d_L1, D_H2And d_L2The relationship d_L1= K₁d_H1/ 2 (where k₁Is an integer of 3 or more) d_L2= K_Twod_H2/ 2 (where k_TwoIs an integer of 3 or more) and the frequency band F_LElement antennas can be arranged
Position P_L ^*And one or more frequency bands in the vicinity
Area F_HPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_H ^*Between
Conditions for actually arranging element antennas at these positions
After adding the matter, the element in the above two frequency bands
Remove the element antenna by thinning it from the position where the antenna can be placed.
The frequency band F_HUsed in
Element antenna and frequency band F_LThe element antenna used in
Of the frequency band F_HOf the element antenna spacing used in
Control the actual array of element antennas so that they are separated by more than half.
Effect on radiation pattern due to mutual coupling
Can be reduced. Also, two frequency bands
F_L, F_HBy simultaneously thinning out the element antennas of
Two frequency bands F_L, F_HAnd low side lobe level
Any radiation characteristics can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the element antenna spacing d _H1
K ₁ and k ₂ , which are the parameters representing the relationships between d ₁ and d _L1 , d _H2 and d _L2 , are set to the largest integer of 3 or more as long as the condition that no grating lobe is generated within the desired beam scanning range is satisfied. since it is configured in two frequency bands F _L, since no grating lobes are generated in F _H, an effect that can realize a radiation pattern with low side-lobe level is obtained, it can be increased the distance between the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L Therefore, the effect of reducing the influence of mutual coupling can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the frequency band F_LElement
Position P where antenna can be arranged_L ^*And N neighbors
Wavenumber band F_HPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_Hi ^*When
Actually place the element antennas at these locations during
The condition added for the position P_L ^*Of which, P_L ^*= P_H ^*Tona
Frequency band F_LPlace element antennas
Or frequency band F_HAnd frequency band F_LIn both frequency bands
Place a usable dual-frequency element antenna, or
Or not to place an element antenna,
And the position P_L ^*Of which, P_L ^*≠ P_H ^*Frequency
Band F_LPlace an element antenna or
Either the antenna is not placed, and the position P
_L ^*Frequency band F_LElement antenna or dual frequency
When the element antenna is arranged, the position P_Hi ^*Is the frequency
Band F_HFrom the position where the element antenna of
Frequency band F_HFor
Element antenna and frequency band F_LElement used in
Tena and two frequency bands F _L, F_HElement used in
Since three types of element antennas are used with the antenna,
Minimizing deterioration of radiation characteristics due to restriction of tena arrangement
Can be. In addition, restrict the arrangement of element antennas.
Reduces the effect of mutual coupling on the radiation pattern
Radiation pattern due to blocking
Out of tolerance or physically interfered
It is possible to realize an array of element antennas
A clear effect can be obtained.

According to the present invention, the frequency band F_LElement
A vector P representing the position where the antenna can be arranged_L ^*But P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*  And k₁And k_TwoAre even numbers, and the frequency band
Area F_LPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_L ^*And near
N frequency bands F nearby_HElement antenna can be arranged
Position P_Hi ^*Between these positions,
The conditions added to place the_L ^*Frequency
Several bands F_HAnd frequency band F_LCan be used in both frequency bands
A dual-frequency element antenna
Child antenna is not placed, and
Place P_L ^*When a dual frequency element antenna is placed in
Is the position P_Hi ^*Is the frequency band F_HElement antenna arrangement
It was configured to be excluded from possible positions
And the frequency band F_HElement antenna used in
Wavenumber band F_L, F_HAnd two types of element antennas
Because of the use of element antennas, restrictions on the arrangement of element antennas
Degradation of radiation characteristics due to
Furthermore, cost reduction is possible. In addition, the element antenna
By limiting the sequence, the radiation pattern
And reduce the effect on
Impact on the radiation pattern due to
An array of element antennas that does not physically interfere
An effect that can be realized is obtained.

According to the present invention, between the position P _L ^{* where} the element antenna of the frequency band F _L can be arranged and the position P _Hi ^{* where} the element antennas of the N frequency bands F _{H in} the vicinity can be arranged. of these actually conditions added to place the antenna elements in position, or to place the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L is the position P _L ^*, or either or not arranged antenna elements There, and in the case of arranging the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L at the position P _L ^*, the position P _Hi
Since ^* is constructed as a condition that excluded from placeable position antenna elements of the frequency band F _H, 2 kinds of element antennas with antenna elements used in the antenna elements and the frequency band F _L used in the frequency band F _H To use
It is possible to reduce the cost and realize a configuration that does not use a dual-frequency element antenna, which is difficult to realize depending on the ratio between the two frequency bands F _L and F _H. Furthermore, by limiting the arrangement of the element antennas, the influence on the radiation pattern due to mutual coupling can be further reduced, and the influence on the radiation pattern due to blocking does not exceed an allowable range or does not physically interfere. The effect of realizing such an arrangement of element antennas is obtained.

According to the invention, an array of the element antennas of the array antenna in the frequency band F element antenna and the frequency band of the antenna array _H F _L are arranged in different planes, respectively, actually place the element antennas the additional criteria for, since the placed element antenna effect of mutual coupling with each other and adapted to the condition that falls within the allowable range, the element used in the frequency band F _H by element antenna used in a frequency band F _L Since the effect on the radiation pattern due to the blocking on the antenna falls within the allowable range, the effect of reducing the influence on the radiation pattern can be obtained.

According to this invention, any and antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F antenna element of the array antenna and the frequency band of the _H F _L is a dipole antenna to the ground plane the same plane, 2 frequency sharing element antennas since there was configured to be a log-periodic antenna for a ground plane of the planar and coplanar, since it equivalent to the size of the antenna elements using the magnitude of the second frequency sharing element antennas in the frequency band F _L, arranged antenna elements When considering the conditions for performing these operations, the two types of element antennas may be considered under the same conditions, which facilitates the design. In addition, since the radiation characteristics of the dipole antenna and the logarithmic periodic antenna at the same frequency can be made substantially the same, the generation of grating lobes due to the use of two types of element antennas for one frequency band can be reduced. The effect that a radiation pattern of a level can be realized is obtained.

According to this invention, the array antenna of the array antenna and the frequency band F _L frequency band F _H is both a planar array of these antenna elements are arranged in the same plane, actually the element antenna Since the conditions added for arranging are arranged so that the arranged element antennas do not physically interfere with each other,
Frequency band F element used in _H antenna and the frequency band F _L
When arranged on the same plane and an element antenna to be used, the two frequency bands F _H, but the antenna elements used in F _L can not be placed by physical interference is a problem, thereby, so as not to interfere The effect that the arrangement | sequence of a simple element antenna can be implement | achieved is acquired.

According to this invention, any and antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F element antenna and the frequency band of the antenna array _H F _L is a patch antenna, 2 frequency sharing element antenna with circular patch antenna Having constructed is so, since it equivalent to the size of the antenna elements using the magnitude of the second frequency sharing element antennas in the frequency band F _L, when considering the conditions for arranging the antenna elements, the two elements Since the antenna may be considered under the same conditions, the design becomes easy. Further, since the radiation characteristics of the patch antenna and the ring patch antenna in the same frequency band can be made substantially the same, the generation of grating lobes due to the use of two types of element antennas in one frequency band can be reduced. The effect of realizing the radiation pattern at the side lobe level is obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a layout diagram showing positions where a dual-frequency-band shared array antenna according to a first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 2 is a layout diagram showing positions where a dual-frequency band array antenna according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 3 is a layout diagram showing positions where a dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 4 is a layout diagram showing positions where a dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 5 is a layout diagram showing a position where a dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 6 is a layout diagram showing a position where a two-frequency-band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 7 is a layout diagram showing a position where a two-frequency-band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 8 is a layout diagram showing a position where a dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

FIG. 9 is a layout diagram showing positions where a dual-frequency band array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be arranged.

10 is a configuration diagram showing a case where element antennas are actually arranged in the basic arrangement shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a layout diagram showing a layout position of a dual frequency band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a layout diagram showing a layout position of a two-frequency-band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a layout diagram showing a layout position of a dual frequency band shared array antenna according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a configuration diagram showing a case where element antennas are actually arranged in the basic arrangement shown in FIG. 1 of the dual-frequency band array antenna according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a layout diagram showing a layout position of a dual frequency band shared array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a layout diagram showing a layout position of a dual frequency band shared array antenna according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a layout diagram showing a conventional two-frequency-band shared array antenna.

FIG. 18 is a layout diagram showing a conventional two-frequency-band shared array antenna.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 A position where both an element antenna operating in a low frequency band and an element antenna operating in a high frequency band can be arranged, 12 A position where only an element antenna operating in a low frequency band can be arranged, 13 An operation in a high frequency band Positions where only element antennas can be placed, 22, 22a, 22b
Low frequency band element antennas, 23, 23a, 23b,
23c, 23d, 23e High frequency band element antenna, 24 ground plane, 31 Position where dual frequency shared element antenna operating in low frequency band and high frequency band is arranged, 3
2 Positions where element antennas operating in the low frequency band are arranged, 33 Positions where element antennas operating in the high frequency band are arranged, and 34 positions thinned out from positions where element antennas can be arranged.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Kazufumi Nishizawa, 2-3-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Mitsui Electric Co., Ltd. (72) Yoshio Inazawa 2-3-2, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo F term in Mitsubishi Electric Corporation (reference) 5J021 AA05 AA09 AA13 AB01 GA05 JA03

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. F_H, F_L(F_H> F_LTwo frequencies
Dual frequency band shared array antenna that shares aperture in several bands
In the frequency band F_HRepresents the possible positions of the element antennas
Vector P_H ^*To P_H ^*= M_H d_H1v₁ ^*+ N_Hd_H2v_Two ^* Where m_H, N_HIs any integer, v₁ ^*, V_Two ^*Is the element
A unit vector representing the direction of the antenna array, d_H1, D_H2Haso
Each v₁ ^*, V_Two ^*Frequency element F_LRepresents the possible positions of the element antennas
Vector P_L ^*To P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*  Or P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2/ 2) v_Two ^*  Or P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^*  Or P_L ^*= (M_Ld_L1+ D_H1/ 2) v₁ ^*+ (N_Ld_L2+ D_H2
/ 2) v_Two ^*  Where m_L, N_LIs any integer, d_L1, D_L2Each
Rev₁ ^*, V_Two ^*And the element antenna spacing d in two frequency bands_H1When
d_L1, D_H2And d_L2The relationship d_L1= K₁d_H1/ 2 (where k₁Is an integer of 3 or more) d_L2= K_Two d_H2/ 2 (where k_TwoIs more than 3
Number) and the frequency band F_LElement antennas can be arranged
Position P_L ^*And one or more frequency bands in the vicinity
Area F_HPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_H ^*Between
Conditions for actually arranging element antennas at these positions
After adding the matter, the element in the above two frequency bands
Remove the element antenna by thinning it from the position where the antenna can be placed.
Array antenna for two frequency bands characterized by being arranged
Na. 2. The element antenna spacing d _H1 and d _L1 , d _H2 and d _L
The k _1, k ₂ is a parameter indicating the relationship _L2, according to claim 1, characterized in that the largest integer of 3 or more among satisfying the condition which does not generate grating lobes within the desired beam scanning range 2 frequency band shared array antenna. Wherein the frequency band F disposed possible positions of the antenna elements of the _L P _L ^*, N pieces of the near (N is an integer of 1 or more)
_Where the element antenna of the frequency band F _H can be arranged P _Hi
^* (I = 1 to N), the conditions added for actually arranging the element antennas at these positions are frequency positions at positions where P _L ^* = P _H ^* among the positions P _L ^*. or placing the antenna elements of the band F _L, the frequency band F _H and the frequency band F _L
Both frequency bands 2 frequency sharing device or to place an antenna that can be used in the, or it is either or not arranged antenna elements, and, among the positions P _L ^*, a position to be P _L ^* ≠ P _H ^* placing element antenna frequency band F _L is the or, is either or not arranged antenna elements, and arranging the antenna elements or frequency sharing element antenna frequency band F _L at the position P _L ^* If you do
2. The dual frequency band shared array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the position P _Hi ^* (i = 1 to N) is a condition that the position P _Hi ^* (i = 1 to N) is excluded from a position where the element antenna of the frequency band F _H can be arranged. 4. Frequency band F_LElement antennas can be arranged
Vector P representing the effective position_L ^*But P_L ^*= M_Ld_L1v₁ ^*+ N_Ld_L2v_Two ^* And k₁And k_TwoAre even numbers, and the frequency
Band F_LPosition P at which element antennas can be arranged_L ^*And its
N (N is an integer of 1 or more) frequency bands F in the vicinity _HElement
Position P where child antenna can be arranged_Hi ^*(I = 1 to N)
In between these positions, it is necessary to actually place the element antenna at these positions.
The condition added for the position P_L ^*Has a frequency band F_HAnd Zhou
Wavenumber band F_LFrequency sharing that can be used in both frequency bands
Arrange an element antenna or arrange an element antenna.
Is not placed, and the position P_L ^*2 frequency
When arranging multiple-element antennas, position P
_Hi ^*(I = 1 to N) is the frequency band F_HElement antenna
It is a condition that it is removed from the position where it can be placed
The dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to claim 1. 5. A frequency band F disposed possible positions of the antenna elements of the _L P _L ^*, N pieces of the near (N is an integer of 1 or more)
_Where the element antenna of the frequency band F _H can be arranged P _Hi
^* Between (i = 1 to N), these actual conditions added to place the antenna elements in position, or the position P _L ^* to place antenna elements frequency band F _L, or , is either or not arranged antenna elements, and, in case of arranging the antenna elements of the frequency band F _L at the position P _L ^* is located P _Hi ^* (i = 1~N) frequency band F
2. The dual-frequency band shared array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the condition is that the element antenna of _H is removed from a position where it can be arranged. 6. a array and the frequency band F _H of the array antenna of the antenna element and the frequency band F _L of the array antenna of the antenna elements are arranged in different planes, respectively, added to actually place the element antennas 2. The two-frequency band shared array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the condition set is that the arranged element antennas have mutual coupling effects within an allowable range. 7. Both the antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F element _H of the array antenna the antenna and the frequency band F _L is a dipole antenna to the ground plane the same plane, 2 frequency sharing element antenna and the planar 7. The dual frequency band shared array antenna according to claim 6, wherein the antenna is a log-periodic antenna having a ground plane on the same plane. 8. A array antenna in the frequency band F array antenna and the frequency band of the _H F _L are both a planar array of these antenna elements are arranged in the same plane, in order to actually place the element antennas The dual-band shared array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the condition added to (1) is a condition that the arranged element antennas do not physically interfere with each other. 9. Both the antenna elements of the array antenna in the frequency band F element _H of the array antenna the antenna and the frequency band F _L is a patch antenna, wherein the 2 frequency sharing element antennas are circular patch antenna 9. The dual frequency band shared array antenna according to claim 8, wherein